Mobile Coverage for High Speed Rail

Kuala Lumpur - Singapore High Speed RailPreliminary Findings

Kuala Lumpur - Singapore High Speed Rail (HSR)

• aims to be operational by 2020

• alternative mode of public transport KL - SG

2020• connect key cities in Malaysia to Singapore

• following a west-coastal route

40billion RM

• ~330 km line is set to bring down the travel time between KL and SG to 90 minutes

• trains on the service projected to run at average speeds of 350 to 450 km/h.

330km

90mins

350km/h

• A number of countries are lobbying for involvement in the project,

including Japan, France, Germany and China.

• China pledge to be able to complete the project by 2020 should the

Chinese companies are awarded with the contract.

Important timeline

2006

2008

2010

2013

2015

The project was initially proposed by YTL (operator of KLIA Express).

Idea was halted by the Malaysian government over concern of high cost required.

The project was highlighted as a high impact project in the Malaysian government's

Economic Transformation Programme (ETP) Roadmap .

Prime Ministers of Malaysia and Singapore agreed to go ahead with the project on 19

February 2013 with a target completion by 2020.

In May 2015, both countries decided to reassess the deadline considering the scale and

complexity of the project (potential delay beyond 2020).

Proposed routes, stops and catchment area

• across 3 states along the western

side of North South Expressway

3states

• 8 stops with 7 in Malaysia

7stops in Malaysia

• The HSR’s terminus in Malaysia will be

located in Bandar Malaysia at Sungai Besi

• Singaporean terminus will be at Jurong East

Kuala Lumpur (Bandar Malaysia)

Putrajaya

Seremban

Ayer Keroh

Muar

Batu Pahat

Nusajaya

Singapore(Jurong East)

Potential contractors

1. Project manage by MyHSR Corp- state-backed (MoF) project delivery company which is to manage Malaysia’s

share of HSR

2. YTL and SPAD will co-ordinate the project for the essential construction within the Malaysia corridor, whereas

LTA will be in charge for Singapore corridor.

3. Potential contractor(s):

• China: China Railway Construction Corp Ltd (CRCC), The Third Railway Survey And Design Institute Group

Corp (TSDI) and CSR Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd

• Japan: East Japan Railway Co (JR East)

• and other countries, including, South Korea, France, Germany, Britain and Spain, have expressed interest

in the project.

SOLUTION 1: RADIO OVER FIBER OR OUTDOOR DIGITAL DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA SYSTEM

This is the currently most common solution for High Speed Rail coverage. The signals from Base Station (GSM, UMTS and LTE) will be converted to optical signal and to be carried along the rail to Repeaters. The leaky cable (or radiating cable) will be used for tunnel or underground. RAN or Infrastructure sharing among operators is the common practice.

Example: France TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse, ‘high-speed train’) - 135 km of track LGV between Dijon and MulhouseTrack Distance: 135kmTrain Speed: 320km/hMNO: Orange FranceSolution Provider: Selecom France (“Long Cell Solution”)

Solution Description:

BTS/Node Bs are connected to OMU (Optical Master Unit),which convert the RF signal into optical signal Optical signal will be carried by the optical fiber to all the Repeaters along the rail track. Network Elements: 11 BTS (GSM), 11 Nobe Bs (UMTS), 11 OMUs, 65 repeaters for 135km (using

GSM/UMTS 900MHz)

CASE STUDY 2: IN-TRAIN REPEATER

This solution will be used by operator that already has Macro cell coverage around the High Speed Rail track. The in-train repeater used to enhance the coverage to the in train users.

Example: Background: German ICE (Interciti express) Track Distance: Across cities in EuropeTrain Speed: Around 300km/h (depends on ICE version)MNO: Deutsche Telekom, Vodafone, E-Plus, and O2Solution Provider: Commscope, Andrew (“Node-AM Repeater”)

Solution Description: The repeater will pickup the signal from Macro-cells and relay the signal to the in-train users Leaky cable (or radiating cable) installed inside the roof of the train. The repeater will continue change the gain level depends on Macro-cell signal strength

Macro CellMacro Cell

Macro Cell

RepeaterLeaky Cable installed inside the train

SOLUTION 3: SATELLITE

Satellite communication is not only the most cost-effective solution in terms of CAPEX of infrastructure , it is also an immediate solution, easily deployed on any train. High OPEX compare to other solutions might be incurred for satellite Bandwidth leasing.

Example: France TGV Eastern Route (Wi-Fi Only)Track Distance: 300km Train Speed: 320km/hMNO: Orange FranceSatellite Provider: EutelsatSolution Provider: OCEA consortium (Orange Business Services, Eutelsat, Alstom and Capgemini

Solution Comparison

Solution Rollout Effort CAPEX OPEX Wi-Fi Readiness

Radio Over Fiber High High Medium Partially

Repeater Medium Low Low No

Satellite Low Medium High Yes