M.Lautenschlager (WDCC, Hamburg) / 26.08.03 / 1 Conception of Citing Scientific Primary Data (Result...

M.Lautenschlager (WDCC, Hamburg) / 26.08.03 / 1

Conception of Citing Scientific Primary Data

(Result of CODATA WG, supported by DFG)

Michael LautenschlagerWDC for Climate

Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie

IDF Coordination Meeting, Hannover, 04.09.2003


CODATA

Who are we? CODATA, the Committee on Data for Science and Technology,

is an interdisciplinary Scientific Committee of the International Council for Science (ICSU). We are established over 30 years and our secretariat is housed at 51, Bld de Montmorency, 75016 Paris, France.

What are our objectives?In short, the reason for CODATA is to help foster and advance

science and technology through developing and sharing knowledge about data and the activities that work with data.


CODATA WG

CODATA National Committee initiated WG, grant-aided by DFG

Working PeriodSeptember 2001 to May 2002

ResultFinal Report "Konzept zur Zitierfähigkeit wissenschaftlicher

Primärdaten" or "Conception of Citing Scientifc Primary Data", Hannover, 29.05.2002

Continuation

One year project for pilot implementation funded by DFG


WG-Members

Carola Kauhs (Head of Library, Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg)

Dr. Michael Lautenschlager (WG-Speaker and Director WDC for Climate; Gruppe Modelle und Daten am Max-Planck-

Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg)

Dr. Manfred Reinke (Scientific Information Systems, Stiftung Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und

Meeresforschung, Bremerhaven)

Prof. Dr. Gerhard Schneider (Head of Computing Centre, Universität Freiburg)

Dr. Irina Sens (Deputy Head of Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover)

Dr. Uwe Ulbrich (Institute für Geophysics and Meteorology, Universität zu Köln)

Dr. Joachim Wächter (Head of Data and Computing Centre, GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam)


Content

Problems

Concept

Scientific and Technical Data DOI

Pilot Project

Cost Model


WG Constraints

Limitation to geo-referenced dataPrimary data with defined space-time relation, e.g.. observational

stations, satellites, climate modells

Limitation to research Data Especially data from time limited projects

Widely dispersed, not long-term saved, poorly documented

Exclusion of data from civil services and agenciesCentrally archived and documented, but access restrictions

Partly scale of charges and fees for dissemination


Problem and Solution

Shortcomings in data provision and interdisciplinary useRules of good scientific practise are not taken into account in all cases.Data sources are widely unknown.Data are achived without context.

Method of resolution: publication of primary dataPersitent Identifier (PI) for long-term data referencingIndividual scientists will be motivated to document and to customise their

primary data.

Preferred dissemination by InternetStandard in scienceAllows for direct data access


Credits in Science

"Citation Index": Scientific efficiency is "measured" by publications.

Extra work for data publication is currently not acknowledged.Data processing, context documentation, quality assurance.

Recommendation: Data publications should be included in the "Citation Index".Motivation of the individual scientist.Connection between person and primary dataset.

Citable Data publicationssupport the rules of good scientific practise.encourage inter-disciplinary data utilisation.


Publication of Primary Data in Journals

Scientific JournalsRestriction to original scientific workOnly limited interest in data publicationCopy rights on the data are shifted to publishers

Example: CristallographyMeasured spectral data of scientific publications are collected by the

publisher in a central databaseData access is controlled by the publishers, only limited decision about

data access by sciences

Primary data are considered as self-contained entitiesDatabases and data products are fundamentals for different

publicationsHow to reference and to cite primary data entities?


Persistent Identifier

Concept developed for web publications:Uniqueness

Identification of units of intellectual property

Metadata kernelDescription of referenced entity

ImmutabilityIdentifier are allocated nonrecurring, entity left unchanged

Stable connection Connection between identifier and referenced entity is stable

Central resolutionEntity must be accessible by the identitfier


Criteria for PI Allocation

Critical points are securing of data quality and stable connection between identifier and data entity

PI allocation is restricted to syntax control and completeness, i.e. expert data description and long-term archiving

Scientific quality assurance is done by the author / originator.

High-quality data sets achieve good positions in the "Citation Index"

Stable connection between PI reference and data entity as well as long-term availability of the primary data are essential.


DOI-System

"Digital Object Identifier" (DOI) identifies and administers units of intellectual properties independent of the form and the granularity.

DOI consists of an organisation dependent prefix and the identifier.10.1007/s102360100001

DOI connects object identificiation with URL (= storage location of the object) and with metadaten kernel (= description of the object)

Global handle system is provided by IDF (International DOI Foundation), consistent entry point

Commercial application: Links to publications across different publishers


URN

Uniform Resource Name (URN)Supervision by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)Similar structure and functionality compared with DOI

urn:nbn:de:gbv:089-33217752945

ApplicationNon-commercial usage in library projects (e.g. registration of online

dissertations by the DDB)

Central resolution system comparable to DOI is yet not implemented

Perferable PI for scientific primary data is presently the DOI


Application Profile: STD-DOI(Scientific and Technical Data DOI)

Concept: DOI for primary data in responsibility of sciences Allows for access regulations without commercial background andCopy rights remain by the data originators

Structure: DOI metadata kernel will be expanded by bibliographic specifications which allow for citation as for written publications

Allocation of a STD-DOI will be assessed as data publication

Data set / -entity is then citable as independent object like"Author, publication year: dataset name, STD-DOI"

DOI system does not substitute an expert data model, which is located at the expert level of long-term archiving


STD-DOI Metadata

On top of the DOI metadata kernel as defined in the handbookAdditional items for citation of electronic documents are the basis:

Author STD-DOITitle DOI-KernelSub-title if applicablePublication date STD-DOIInstitution / Publisher STD-DOIData amount / no. of pages STD-DOIPlace of publication STD-DOIIdentification number (DOI, ISBN) DOI-KernelURL DOI-KernelLanguage if applicableEdition / version if applicableVolume / series if applicable


International DOI Foundation

Registration Agency

Agent Cristall

Agent Weather

Agent Cuneiform

Writing

Data StorageLong-termArchiving

DOI-Prefix: xxx

Sub-Prefixxxx1 xxx2 xxx3

DOI-Metadata Entry

Primary Data

Architecture ofPrimary Data DOI

Contract

Application Profile:STD-DOI

Securing ofCompliance withAllocation Criteria

Global Handle System


GFZ Geophysics

International DOI Foundation

TIB HannoverRegistr.Agency

M&D/MPIM Climate Models

Marum/AWI Observations

Data StorageLong-termArchivingIn WDC

Data Storage Long-termArchivingIn WDC

Data StorageLong-termArchiving

Global Handle System

DDBURN-Knot

DFG Project "Publication and Citation of ScientificPrimary Data"


Cost Model

Pilot phase: project funding (DFG)

(P1) Feasibility study including overall costs

(P2) Pilot implementation

Operation: Accounting on work load basis

(O1) One-time charge for DOI registration and maintenanceor

(O2) One-time charge for registration and annual charge for maintenance

Support by project funding agencies

O1 "One-time charge" fits better the project funding limitations.

It must be allowed to include STD-DOI and long-term archiving in project grants.

M.Lautenschlager (WDCC, Hamburg) / 26.08.03 / 1 Conception of Citing Scientific Primary Data (Result...

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