Mitosis Tutorial

By Jon Brander

ED 205 Section 2 Quit

Mitosis- What is Mitosis?- Stages of Mitosis

- Interphase- Prophase- Prometaphase- Metaphase- Anaphase- Telophase- Cytokinesis

- Why Mitosis?- Authors Page- Resources Quit

What is Mitosis

• Mitosis is the division of the nucleus and is often followed by cytokinesis, the division of the cytoplasm. This creates two genetically identical cells.

• Mitosis occurs in a series of different stages.

• Mitosis occurs exclusively in eukaryotes, but occurs in different ways in other species.

• Mitosis and Cytokinesis are the shortest phases of the cell cycle. The longest phase being Interphase.

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Interphase

- Interphase is not technically part of mitosis, but is often included.

- During interphase the cell grows and copies its chromosomes in preparation for cell division.

- Chromosomes are not clearly discerned, although a dark spot called the nucleolus may be seen.

- Also the cells may contain a pair of centrosomes, which are responsible for microtubule organization during mitosis.

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Prophase

- Chromatin Fibers become tightly coiled and chromosomes become evident.

- The nucleolus disappears and the mitotic spindle begins to form.

- The mitotic spindle is composed of the centrosomes (centrioles) and the mitotic spindles that extend from them.

- Also the centrosomes begin to move away from one another

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Prometaphase

- The Nuclear envelope dissapears and the mitotic spindles begin to interact with the chromosomes.

- Each of the two chromatids of the chromosome has a kinetochore attached to its centromere.

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Metaphase

- Metaphase is the longest stage of mitosis.

- The centromeres are now at opposite ends of the cell.

- The chromosomes meet in the middle of the cell along the metaphase plate.

- Each sister chomatid is attached to a kinetochore from the opposite pole.

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Anaphase

- Anaphase is the shortest phase of Mitosis.

- The two sister chromatids split to form chromosomes.

- The two chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell as the kinetochores shorten

- The cell elongates- At the end of anaphase each

side of the cell has equal amounts of chromosomes.

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Telophase

- Two daughter nuclei begin to form in the cell and nuclear envelopes begin to form.

- Chromosomes become less condensed.

- Mitosis: The division of one nucleus into two genetically identical nuclei, is now complete.

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Cytokinesis

- The division of the cytoplasm usually begins during late telophase, so two daughter cells appear shortly after mitosis.

- In animals cytokinesis involves a cleavage furrow, which pinches the cell in two.

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Why Mitosis?- Mitosis allows for the reproduction of multiple identical

cells. - This allows for new skin cells to be produced when old

ones fall off or wounds to be repaired.- Mitosis also plays a role in ones growth and

development.

VIDEOS

- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlN7K1-9QB0

- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1ylUTbXyWU

Interactive Animation

- http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm

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The Author

- Hello, My name is Jon. I am a student at Grand Valley State University. I am studying for a secondary education degree with a major in biology and a minor in chemistry. I love to be outside and enjoy participating in many different sports, including wakeboarding.

EMAIL ME

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Resources

-Biology 7th Edition. 2005. Campbell and Reece

- Google Images

http://images.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi- Interactive Animation

http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm- Videos

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlN7K1-9QB0

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s1ylUTbXyWU

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