Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.
-
Upload
marjorie-thornton -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.
![Page 1: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Miss Nelson
SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9
CLIMATE
![Page 2: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Climate Change
SECTION 4
![Page 3: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What do you already know about climate change?
ANTICIPATORY SET
![Page 4: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
S 6.4.e –Students know differences in pressure, heat, air movement, and humidity result in change in weather
STANDARDS
![Page 5: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
How might human activities be affecting the temperature of Earth’s atmosphere?
How have human activities affected the ozone layer?
THE BIG IDEA
![Page 6: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Ice age – time in the past when continental glaciers covered large parts of Earth’s surface
Global warming – a gradual increase in the temperature of Earth’s atmosphere
Greenhouse gas – Gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, that trap solar energy
Ozone hole – a large area of reduced ozone concentration in the stratosphere, found over Antarctica
Chlorofl uorocarbon – chlorine compounds that are the main cause of ozone depletion
KEY TERMS
![Page 7: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Scientists classify climates according to two major factors:
TemperaturePrecipitation
CLIMATE REGIONS
![Page 8: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The last ice age ended only about 10,500 years ago
Ice sheets covered most of Europe and North America
So much of Earth’s water was frozen, that the level of the oceans was much lower than today
When the ice melted, and the water returned to the oceans, some got trapped on land Great lakes
CLIMATE CHANGE
![Page 9: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Read Climate Change on page 374 of your textbook
CLIMATE CHANGE
![Page 10: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Most past changes in world climates were caused by natural factors
Volcanic activity
Motion of the continents
Recently scientists have observed climate changes that are the result of HUMAN ACTIVITIES
GLOBAL WARMING
![Page 11: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The gradual increase in the temperature of Earth’s atmosphere is called global warming
GLOBAL WARMING
![Page 12: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Gases in Earth’s atmosphere hold in heat from the sun
Keeps the atmosphere at a comfortable temperature for living things
THE GREENHOUSE HYPOTHESIS
![Page 13: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Gases in Earth’s atmosphere trap energy and form a “blanket” around Earth
This process is called the greenhouse effect
THE GREENHOUSE HYPOTHESIS
![Page 14: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Gases in the atmosphere that trap energy are called greenhouse gasesCarbon dioxideWater vapormethane
THE GREENHOUSE HYPOTHESIS
![Page 15: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Many scientists have hypothesized that human activities that add greenhouse gases to the atmosphere are warming Earth’s atmosphere
THE GREENHOUSE HYPOTHESIS
![Page 16: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Scientists that think that an increase in carbon dioxide is a major factor in global warming
Until the late 1800s carbon dioxide in the atmosphere remained about the same
Measured carbon dioxide levels in bubbles trapped in Antarctic ice
CHANGING LEVELS OF CARBON DIOXIDE
![Page 17: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Human activities that increase carbon dioxide:Burning wood, coal, oil, natural gas
CHANGING LEVELS OF CARBON DIOXIDE
![Page 18: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Not all scientists agree on the causes of global warming
Some believe that the raise in global temperatures may be due in part to natural variations in climate
CLIMATE VARIATION HYPOTHESIS
![Page 19: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
While there may be some potential benefits to an increased global temperature…
Most are not positive:Higher temperatures evaporate water, and
expose soil Leads to “dustbowls” when dry soil blows away
Warmer ocean water could lead to stronger hurricanes
Warm water expands… which would increase sea level around the world
POSSIBLE EFFECTS
![Page 20: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Read Global Warming on pages 375 – 377 of your textbook
GLOBAL WARMING
![Page 21: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Another global change in the atmosphere involves the ozone layer
OZONE DEPLETION
![Page 22: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Ozone in the stratosphere filters out much of the harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun
View Figure 25 on page 379 of your textbook
In the 1970s scientists noticed that the ozone layer over Antarctica was growing thinner
OZONE DEPLETION
![Page 23: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Chemicals produced by humans have been damaging the ozone layer
OZONE DEPLETION
![Page 24: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
(Chloro – floro –carbons)
A major cause of ozone depletion is a group of compounds called chlorofluorocarbonsAlso known as CFCs
Found in:Air conditionersRefrigeratorsAerosol sprays
CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS
![Page 25: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Most chemical compounds released into the air eventually break down
CFCs can last for decades and rise all the way to the atmosphere
CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS
![Page 26: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
If the ozone blocks ultraviolet radiation…
… then a decrease in ozone means and increase in the amount of ultraviolet radiation that reaches Earth’s surface
RESULTS OF OZONE DEPLETION
![Page 27: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
In the late 1970s, the United States and many other countries banned most uses of CFCs in aerosol sprays
In 1990, many nations agreed to phase out the production and use of CFCs
The size of the ozone layer is expected to gradually shrink over time as these decreases take effect
RESULTS OF OZONE DEPLETION
![Page 28: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Read Ozone Depletion on page 378 of your textbook
OZONE DEPLETION
![Page 29: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
What is a greenhouse gas?
How do greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect?
CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING
![Page 30: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
What is a greenhouse gas?A greenhouse gas is a gas in the atmosphere that traps energy.
What is global warming?Global warming is the gradual increase in the temperature of Earth’s atmosphere.
CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING
![Page 31: Miss Nelson SCIENCE ~ CHAPTER 9 CLIMATE. Climate Change SECTION 4.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022013011/56649e295503460f94b1731c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Complete the Modeling, Guided Practice, and Independent Practice
Sections of your Climate 9-4 Worksheet.
MODELING / GUIDED / INDEPENDENT