Miss Dana Aicha Shaaban Writing Lab Student Learning ... · PDF fileWriting Lab Student...
Transcript of Miss Dana Aicha Shaaban Writing Lab Student Learning ... · PDF fileWriting Lab Student...
Miss Dana Aicha Shaaban
Unit Head of the Writing Lab
Writing Lab
Student Learning Support Center
Eight Parts of Speech
CONJUNCTIONS
VERBS
PRONOUNS NOUNS
ADVERBS
ADJECTIVES
INTERJECTIONS
PREPOSITIONS
Nouns Nouns are naming words. They may name persons,
animals, plants, places, things, substances, qualities, or ideas.
They are often pointed out by noun indicators (a, an, the). These indicators signal that a noun is ahead, although there may be words between the indicator and the noun itself.
Examples: the book the big book
a pen a blue pen
an apple a red apple
Pronouns Used in the place of nouns, usually to avoid repetition
Some common pronouns: I, you, he, she, they, it
Example:
Najla went to the supermarket. She bought some groceries.
Verbs There are 3 types of verbs:
1. Action verbs (He walks, she plays, they run)
2. Being Verbs (I am, he is, they are)
3. Helping verbs (she can play, we should wait)
Adjectives Modify or describe nouns and pronouns.
Example: Maryam is smart.
Example 2: He is tall.
Adverbs Modify or describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
Example 1: Samar walks slowly. (describes verb)
Example 2: He is very intelligent. (describes adjective)
Example 3: Mohammad runs really quickly. (describes another adverb)
Prepositions It is a word, or group of words that functions as a
connective. It is usually in terms of place, time, and position.
Examples:
1. The pen is on the table. (in terms of position).
2. The children went to school on Monday. (in terms of place, and in terms of time)
3. I study at Qatar University. (in terms of place)
Conjunctions Connect and show a relationship between words,
phrases, or clauses.
There are 2 types of conjunctions:
1. Coordinating conjunctions: (FANBOYS)- for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so.
2. Subordinating conjunctions: since, because, until, when, etc..
Coordinating Conjunctions They are usually used to connect words, phrases, and
clauses of equal rank: noun with noun, adjective with adjective, verb with verb, phrase with phrase, main clause with main clause, and subordinate clause with subordinate clause.
Examples:
1. Bring a pencil and paper. (two nouns)
2. Did she go to the store or to the game? (two phrases)
3. Maha had a headache, so she didn’t sleep well last night. (two main clauses)
Subordinating Conjunctions Connect dependent clauses with main clauses
Examples:
Dependent clause comes before the main clause.
1. Although she was in pain, she stayed in the game.
2. Because he was hungry, he ate a sandwich.
Dependent clause comes after the main clause.
1. She stayed in the game although she was in pain.
2. He ate a sandwich because he was hungry.
Interjections Interjections convey strong emotions or surprise. It is
usually punctuated with an exclamation mark.
Examples:
Wow! Help! Awesome! Oops! Yikes!
However, when it appears as part of a sentences, an interjection is usually followed by a comma.
Example: Oh, I did not consider that problem.
Identify the part of speech of each Italicized word or group of words The turtle can be defined as a reptile with a shell. a. Turtle: noun
b. With: preposition
It is a toothless creature that can smell and see well. a. Toothless: adjective
b. Can smell: verb
Some live mostly in the water, whereas others live mostly in places as dry as the desert.
a. Mostly: adverb
b. In: preposition
They need both sunlight and shade. a. They: Pronoun
b. And: Conjunction
In-Class Practice Exercises Solve the exercises in the worksheets provided.
WORD ORDER ENGLISH WORD ORDER ARABIC WORD ORDER
SUBJECT/ VERB/ OBJECT
Example:
The boy ate the apple.
VERB/ SUBJECT/ OBJECT
Example:
التفاحة الولد أكل
WORD ORDER SUBJECT VERB OBJECT
I play football.
Ali reads books.
We can speak English.
Miss Lina is singing a nice song.
WORD ORDER Time Subject Verb Object Place Time
I have breakfast in the kitchen.
They play handball in the gym every Monday.
My friend is swimming in the pool.
Every
Saturday Peter watches TV at home.
•Expressions of time can be put at the beginning or the end of a statement. • At the end of the sentence: Place before Time •NEVER put Place or Time between Verb and Object
WORD ORDER Adverb of time
Subject
Adverb of
infinite time
Verb
Object
Adverb of
Manner
Adverb of place
Adverb of time
Yesterday Nick bought a piano in London
Nick bought a piano in London
yesterday
He bought a piano
He practiced hard at school
yesterday
In the morning
he always has lessons at school
After dinner
he usually meets a friend
at the movies
In-Class Practice Exercises Solve the exercises in the worksheets provided.
Word Order Practice Which of the sentences below shows correct English word order?
1. a. She speaks well English.
b. She speaks English well.
2. a. He in the living room sat.
b. He sat in the living room.
3. a. That is my pen. Give to me it.
b. That is my pen. Give it to me.
4. a. You played yesterday very well.
b. You played very well yesterday.
5. a. I sometimes play tennis on Sunday.
b. I play sometimes tennis on Sunday.
Arrange these words to make a complete sentence sell / flowers / we .
→ We sell flowers.
you / see / me / can ?
→ Can you see me?
buy / milk / he / wants to .
→He wants to buy milk.
feed / you / my / cat / can ?
→ Can you feed my cat?
Shaikha/ Villagio / going to/ is/ today .
→ Shaikha is going to Villagio today.
Basketball/ every Monday/ play/ we/ at school .
→ Every Monday we play Basketball at school.
CAPITALIZATION RULES 1. Capitalize the first letter of the word at the beginning of
each sentence. (Example: Nada went to the supermarket. She bought some food.)
2. Capitalize the personal pronoun “I” (Example: Sara and I are going to the movies today.)
3. Capitalize the first letter of the names of people, streets, countries, cities, and brands (Example: Omar, Al Waab, Qatar, Doha, Adidas/Gucci)
4. Capitalize the first letter of the names of days of the week, months, and holidays (Example: Wednesday, December, Ramadan)
5. Capitalize titles of address like Mr. for mister, Dr. for doctor etc.. (more examples: Mrs./ Ms.)
More Rules on Capitalization 1. Capitalize the first letter of the names of languages,
nationalities, and religions. (Example: Arabic/English, Qatari/American, Islam/Christianity)
2. Capitalize the first word in a direct quotation.(Example: Ahmad said, “The students need more help with their writing assignments.” OR “The students,” Ahmad said, “need more help with their writing assignments.”)
3. Capitalize family relationships when used instead of proper names. (Example: I went to visit my Uncle Ahmad and Aunt Fatma).
4. In titles (of books or papers), capitalize the first, last, and important words. Do not capitalize articles, prepositions, or conjunctions unless the title begins with them. (Example: War and Peace, The Prophet, Catcher in the Rye)
In-Class Practice Exercises Solve the exercises in the worksheets provided.
Capitalization Exercises Correct the following sentences by capitalizing the words
where needed. 1. last year, some students at qatar university got to attend
the linguistics in the gulf conference, organized by the english department.
2. on sunday, tamara came late to class, so her professor, dr. waleed tabbara, wouldn’t let her in.
3. americans all over the world celebrate the 4th of july. 4. did you know lulwa was born on september 12, 1992 in
doha, qatar? 5. my favorite play is julius caesar by william shakespeare. i
also like oscar wilde’s the importance of being earnest.
Sources Sentences, Paragraphs, and Beyond: with
Integrated Readings. By Lee Brandon and Kelly Brandon
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