Minstreaming of DM Into Development Process With Ref to Mizoram - 28 June 2010 [Compatibility Mode]

7/30/2019 Minstreaming of DM Into Development Process With Ref to Mizoram - 28 June 2010 [Compatibility Mode]

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MAINSTREAMING DISASTER MANAGEMENTINTO DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

Presentation

AMIT JHA, Joint Secretary,

National Disaster Management Authority, INDIAMizoram, Aizawl : June 28, 2010.

What is Mainstreaming?

Mainstream means the ideas, attitudes oractivities that are shared by most people{Oxford Dictionary }

In the context of disaster risk reduction

mainstreaming refers to integrating risk reduction into development policies and plans at all levels of government including poverty reduction strategies and multi-sectoral policies and plans { HFA 2005-2015}


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Why mainstreaming?

Purpose of mainstreaming risk reduction is toensure that risks from natural hazards arefactored into development policies and plansand are considered as a matter of course inthe design of all development projects inhazard-prone areas and;

Such development projects and plans do notadd to existing vulnerabilities or create newvulnerabilities

Which agencies may mainstream?

National Disaster Management Authority State Disaster Management Authority District Disaster Management Authorities Local Authorities Community and Religious leaders and

facilitators


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Process to mainstream?

Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction indevelopment is a dynamic process to ensurethat development is protected through DRRstrategies and it does not increase peoplesvulnerabilities or create new vulnerabilitiesto disasters

It can be achieved through inclusivedevelopment

Is there legislative back up tomainstreaming?...I

The Disaster Management Act, 2005 mandates developmentof National, State and District Disaster Management Plans

The National Plan shall inter alia include measures to betaken for prevention/mitigation of disasters and integration

of mitigation measures in development plans [Section 11(3)]

The State Plan inter alia provides for inclusion of vulnerability assessment, measures for prevention andmitigation of disasters and the manner in which mitigationmeasures shall be integrated with development plans andprojects [Section 23(3)]


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Is there legislative back up tomainstreaming?...II

The District Plan shall inter alia include areas in thedistrict vulnerable to different forms of disasters,measures for prevention and mitigation of disasters,capacity building and preparedness measures to betaken by departments at district level and localauthorities in the district [Section 31(3)]

State Government to take measures for prevention

and mitigation of disasters in accordance withguidelines of NDMA, ensure appropriatepreparedness measures for integrating DM intodevelopment plans and projects and allocate fundsfor disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness andcapacity building [Section 38]

Is there legislative back up tomainstreaming?...III

Under section 39, every department of state isresponsible, to take measures necessary forprevention of disasters, mitigation, preparedness andcapacity building and integrate these measures intoits development plans and projects and allocate fundsto discharge above-mentioned responsibilities;

Review its enactments, policies, rules and regulationsto incorporate therein provisions necessary fordisaster prevention, mitigation and preparedness

Thus the Act uniformly mandates mainstreaming of DM into development process at all levels


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NDMA Guidelines for SDMPs-Themesin Guiding Principles

Part 7 of Guidelines lays down, as part of Guiding Principles, following themes under-pinning the Plans

Vulnerability of different parts of state to differentkinds of disasters

Measures to be adopted for prevention & mitigationManner in which mitigation measures shall beintegrated into development plans and projects;capacity development and preparedness measuresto be taken

National Policy on DisasterManagement

The Policy stresses the need for DM to be builtin Development Plans

It states NDMA will ensure mainstreaming of DRR in the developmental agenda of all new &existing development programs & projectswhich shall incorporate disaster resilient specifications in design & construction

Further The Planning Commission will give dueweightage to these factors while allocatingresources


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Vision

To build a safe and disaster resilient India bydeveloping a holistic, proactive, multi-disaster oriented and technology drivenstrategy through a culture of prevention,mitigation, preparedness and response

Salient Objectives-I

Promoting a culture of prevention, preparednessand resilience at all levels through knowledge,innovation and education.

Encouraging mitigation measures based ontechnology, traditional wisdom and

environmental sustainability. Mainstreaming disaster management into thedevelopmental planning process.

Establishing institutional and techno-legalframeworks to create an enabling regulatoryenvironment and a compliance regime.


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Salient Objectives-II Developing contemporary forecasting and early

warning systems backed by responsive and failsafecommunication with information technology support.

Promoting a productive partnership with the media tocreate awareness and contributing towards capacitydevelopment.

Ensuring efficient response and relief with a caringapproach towards the needs of the vulnerable sectionsof the society.

Undertaking reconstruction as an opportunity to builddisaster resilient structures and habitat for ensuringsafer living.

Important features Elaborates institutional and funding mechanisms Encompasses existing institutional arrangements

already in force before the enactment of the Act States will be encouraged to create response

capabilities from within their existing resources Strengthen youth based organizations Mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction in

developmental agenda in all existing and newdevelopmental programs

Planning Commission to give due weightage to DRRwhile allocating resources.


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Mainstreaming Audit-Ministry of Finance Instructions

Ministry of Finance, at the instance of NDMA, have issuedinstructions revising formats for EFC/ DPRs to addressdisaster management concerns

Instructions dated 19.06.09, 12.04.10 and 26.05.10 may beaccessed at www.ndma.gov.in (circulars at right handbottom of website)

The State needs to put in place a similar mechanism fordisaster audit and certification of all new projects andprogrammes. These could be institutionalised by StateFinance Department

This would function as a self audit, a system of self-certification, to ensure DM concerns have beenmainstreamed in state development plans and projects

DM Audit-I

DM audit is NOT a conventional expenditureaudit but a a self audit for disaster riskassessment

It is based on self-certification of adequatemitigation measures incorporated in the project

to ensure vulnerability is not enhanced and isbelow the level of minimum acceptable risk MOF instructions of 19.06.09, 12.04.10 &

26.05.10 articulate the modalities of ensuringnew and ongoing projects DO NOT add tovulnerabilities


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DM Audit-II

MOF instructions refer to guidelines issued byNDMA for specific disasters to assist theconcerned Ministries/ Departments in assessingthe risk and the mitigation measures to be taken

As for completed projects, these need to be re-visited selectively for taking additional structural/non-structural measures including retrofitting,where necessary

A Technical or Hazard Safety Cell in state canprovide additional assistance, where required

LIST OF GUIDELINES RELEASED BY NDMA SO FAR (2007-09)

1. Earthquakes

2. Chemical (Industrial) Disasters

3. Formulation of State DM Plans

4. Medical Preparedness and Mass Casualty Management

5. Floods

6. Cyclones

7. Biological Disasters

8. Nuclear & Radiological Emergencies Part I(Unclassified)

9. Landslides & Snow Avalanches

10. Chemical Terrorism Disasters

11. Psycho-Social and Mental Health Care


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MINISTRY of FINANCE instructionson revision of formats for

EFC/SFC/CNE/ DPR to address DMconcerns

Salient Features

Location of project area

Does the project involves creation/modification of structural/ engineering assets?

Does it involve land reclamation or changes inland use?

If so, whether the cost involved forprevention & mitigation of disasters included?

Is location of project area compatible withrelevant NDMA guidelines?


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Risk Analysis

Identify possible risks and analyze impact fromdisasters- earthquake, flood, cyclone, landslide

Structural and non-structural mitigationmeasures to be taken based on prioritization of risks

Confirm implementation of these measures will

not create new risks Confirm process of risk assessment ANDmitigation measures are in conformity withstatutory and other regulatory requirements andare the most viable in the present circumstances.

Land Use

What are the land use directives/ regulationsapplicable?

List disaster prevention measures enshrined inregulations/ NDMA Guidelines which are to becomplied with

Confirm compliance


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Design and engineering of structures

Confirm design and engineering of structures is compliantwith NBC, 2005, appropriate BIS Codes, NDMA guidelinesand other sources such as Manuals of:

Indian Road CongressMinistry of Road Transport, Highways and ShippingRailway BoardCentral Public Health Engineering OrganizationCentral Electricity AuthorityCentral Water Commission

Has the cost of disaster prevention/ mitigation measuresbeen included in overall project cost?

Detailed Project Reports

Information to be furnished in all cases onfollowing specific items:

Project SiteNature/ Type of projectHazard risk to the projectMitigation/ Reduction of riskImpact of project on environment and peopleDetailed check list to be attached to bring out projectis DM compliant


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Check List for Natural Disasters ImpactAssessment-I

Project SiteEarthquake Zone-any known geological fault may belistedFlood-Past history, Highest Flood level, Frequency,Depth, Duration, Potential damage/ loss, based onpast experienceCyclone-Frequency and intensity, information on highwind speed, distance from sea coast (Bangladesh),past impact due to high wind speed, potentialdamage/ loss, based on past experienceLandslide-location of hill slope vis-a vis projectlocation,

Check List for Natural Disasters ImpactAssessment-II

past history, possibility of mud flows/rock falls/ snowavalanchesDams/ Barrages upstream-distance from project site, DamBreach Effect/ Dam Break Analysis and possible impact onproject safety

Nature of project liable to damage and may enhance

vulnerability of area (Illustrative only)Communications: towers, lines, buildingsTransport: roads, railways, bridges, tunnelsPower: power houses, sub stations, power linesWater Resources: Dams, barrages, structures, canalsHabitations: Townships


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Check List for Natural Disasters ImpactAssessment-III

Water Supply and Sanitation Projects including sewer linesBuildings

Hazard Risk to Project: Evaluate following:Probable maximum seismicity at site & site dependentseismic design parameters

Probable maximum wind speedProbable maximum flood discharge and levelProbability of occurrence- flood, earthquake, landslide,mud flows, avalanches, high wind speedSoil liquefaction under probable EQ intensities

Check List for Natural Disasters ImpactAssessment-IV

Mitigation/ Reduction of Risk: Codes,Guidelines, Safeguard Measures

Impact of project on Environs & communityPossible impact evaluated?

Adequate mitigation measures taken?

In particular, EQ/ Landslide may damage pipelines,transport and storage of inflammable materials


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Check List for Natural Disasters ImpactAssessment-V

Landslides triggered by EQ/ slope instability may blockdrainage channels/ accumulate water up-streamresulting in flooding; these blockages may collapse

Risk of deforestation & soil erosion due to influx of people to project area

If project involves water storage, failure of anycomponent may result in flooding and large scaledamage to lives, property and infrastructure; studypossible impact and take adequate mitigationmeasures

Modalities of mainstreaming DM inDevelopment Process

DM may be mainstreamed into developmentprocess by undertaking:

Structural Measures;

Non Structural Measures; and

Disaster Mitigation Projects


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Structural Measures

Address DM concerns in all new Programs/Projects by ensuring critical new infrastructure iscompliant with prescribed safety standards;implementation of techno-legal regime; andensuring existing infrastructure projects areretrofitted, to the extent feasible

Undertake audit of ongoing projects to addstructural alternatives; and

Revisit projects already completed selectively,based on priority [NDMA guidelines related toearthquakes, cyclones and floods]

Non Structural Measures

Amendment of building bye laws, building and land useregulationsTraining and capacity building of stakeholdersResource inventoryCommunication network with last mile connectivity

Early warning systemsAwareness generationActive community participationEducation and knowledge managementPutting in place vibrant institutional, planning, training /re-training, funding and coordination mechanisms


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Disaster Mitigation Projects

At national level, projects being taken up includeEarthquake Risk Mitigation Project, Cyclone RiskMitigation Project, Landslide mitigation project Floodmitigation project and Capacity enhancement of FireServices to make these all hazard response units,Health care and School Safety Programs etc

Similarly, States may take up mitigation andpreparedness projects such as Creation of StateDisaster Response Force, community based disasterrisk management, urban risk mitigation programs,community awareness programs etc

Mainstreaming of DRR in NationalFlagship Programs

The Government of India has taken up severalnational flagship programs such as IAY, SSA,JNNURM, NREGS, NRHM, PMGSY, RGSAY etc

DRR components need to be mainstreamed inthese projects; action has been initiated tointegrate DRR in some of these programs

States need to take pro-active action to ensureDRR is mainstreamed in the programs beingundertaken in their states at state, district andlocal level


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TRANSFORMATION IN APPROACH FROMDISASTER RESPONSE & RELIEF TO

MAINSTREAMING DISASTER MANAGEMENTINTO DEVELOPMENT PROCESS A RESULT OFA SERIES OF INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL

INITIATIVES

1. UN Assembly Resolution of December 1989 declaring1990-2000 as the United Nations International Decadefor Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR).

2. Yokohama Conference (Strategy & Plan of Action, 1994).

3. Creation of International Strategy for Disaster

Reduction (UNISDR) (2000-2002).4. Johannesburg Summit, 2002 (World Summit on

Sustainable Development) .

5. Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-15.

INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVES


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ELEVENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN Mainstreamingin the Development Process

The Eleventh Plan aims at consolidating the process by givingimpetus to projects and programmes that develop and nurture theculture of safety and the integration of disaster prevention andmitigation into the development process.

The guidance and direction to achieve this paradigm shift need toflow from NDMA, and in the true spirit of the Disaster

Management Act, to all stakeholders including State Governmentsand UTs, right up to the PRIs.

ELEVENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN-Mainstreaming DM

Outlines actions that need to be taken by thevarious Central Ministries/ Departments andState Governments.

Gives guidelines for taking up projects andprogrammes in DM.

Brings out importance of earmarking plan fundsfor projects and adding value to the National DMeffort.

Contd.


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LIST OF GUIDELINES RELEASED BY NDMA SO FAR (2007-09)

1. Earthquakes

2. Chemical (Industrial) Disasters

3. Formulation of State DM Plans

4. Medical Preparedness and Mass Casualty Management

5. Floods

6. Cyclones

7. Biological Disasters

8. Nuclear & Radiological Emergencies Part I(Unclassified)

9. Landslides & Snow Avalanches

10. Chemical Terrorism Disasters

11. Psycho-Social and Mental Health Care

SOME KEY RECOMMENDATIONS

The Guidelines on Chemical (industrial) Disaster hascreated awareness in the Industrial sector and out of 1857 Major Accident Hazard (MAH) units, 1806 haveprepared their on-site plans. Off-site plans for 169Districts have also been prepared.

The Guidelines on Nuclear and RadiologicalEmergencies has increased the sensitivity towardsCBRN preparedness.

People are now aware of National Building Codes andthey are opting for safe construction practices indifferent seismic zones of the country.


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Regulation and enforcement.

Development of specialized facilities like trauma centres,blood banks, poison information centres, burn centres,bio-safety laboratories, network of diagnostic, publichealth and DNA identification laboratories and mortuaryfacilities at all levels.

Preventive measures including strengthening of Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme,Epidemic Control Programmes, immunization, HIVcontrol etc.

SOME KEY RECOMMENDATIONS Contd.

National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project (With World Bank Assistance). National Earthquake Risk Mitigation Project. National Flood Risk Mitigation Project. National Landslides Risk Mitigation Project. Expanded Disaster Risk Mitigation Project.

National Disaster Communication Network. Information, Education and Communication Programme. Strengthening of Fire Services. Infrastructure of 8 NDRF Battalions. Micro Zonation of Major Cities. Project Preparation Facility/ Research Programme Studies. Vulnerability Assessment/ Risk Analysis Studies. International Cooperation.

PROJECTS/ PROGRAMMES/ SCHEMES BEINGUNDERTAKEN IN THE ELEVENTH FIVE YEAR PLAN


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MAINSTREAMING RESPONSE

1. Composition. Existing 8 Bns.

Approved 10 Bns.2. Tasks.

Specialized Response during disasters. Assist in Community Training & Preparedness. Impart basic and operation level training to State Response

Forces (Police, Civil Defence and Home Guards). Proactive Deployment during impending disaster situations. Liaison, Reconnaissance, Rehearsals and Mock Drills.

NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE FORCE(DEDICATED FORCE FOR DM)


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NDRF BNS LOCATIONS

BHATINDA

GR. NOIDA

VADODARA

PUNE (Talegaon)

BHUBANESHWAR( Mundali)

KOLKATA

GUWAHATI

PATNA

CHENNAI(Arakkonam)

LEGENDBNs

CBRN BNs

New Raisings

VIJAYAWADA

Two more Battalions Approved.

MAINSTREAMING PREVENTION AND

PREPAREDNESS


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MOCK EXERCISES

Mock Exercises Conducted so far 170 Details of Mock Exercises

Mock Exercises on Chemical (Industrial) Disasters 25

Mock Exercises on Earthquake 30

Mock Exercise on Floods (including Urban Floods) 11

Mock Exercises on Cyclones 10

Mock Exercises on Fire 10

Mock Exercises on Mass Casualty Management 08

Mock Exercise on Man-Made Disasters 04

School Safety Exercises 71

DM Training being introduced in Universities.

Started Pune and Madras Universities. In Process Symbiosis (Pune).

Education. School Education

8th,9th & 10th Standards of CBSE Stream and School Boards.

Undergraduate (Degree Courses) Module Provided to UGC. Technical

Engineers & Architects Module Provided to AICTE. Medical UG, PG and Medical Professionals Module provided. Agriculture & Veterinary ICAR has introduced a DM Module for its

Courses.

TRAINING AND EDUCATION


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NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY

AWARENESS CAMPAIGNSExtensive Awareness campaigns being carried out on:

Earthquakes.

NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY

Cyclones.

Floods.


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BANGALORE (KARNATAKA) 18 SEPTEMBER 2007

MOCK EXERCISE ON FIRE

1. Place Games Village, Kormangla, Bangalore

2. People Participated Over 2,000

KANPUR (UTTAR PRADESH) 03 SEP 2008

MOCK EXERCISE ON FIRE

1. Place Hotel Geet and Park Palace Area.

2. People Participated Over 10,000.


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PITHAMPUR (MP) 12 MARCH 2007MOCK EXERCISE ON CHEMICAL (INDUSTRIAL) DISASTERS

1. Industrial Complex Pithampur

2. Industrial Units * M/s BharatExercised Petroleum Corporation

Limited

* M/s Pratibha Syntex Ltd

* M/s AVTEC Limited

3. People Participated 2,500 (approx).

SURAT 28 MARCH 2008

MOCK EXERCISE ON CHEMICAL (INDUSTRIAL)DISASTERS

1. Industrial Complex Surat.

2. Industrial Units Oil and Natural Gas CompanyExercised (ONGC).

Reliance Petrochemical.

3. People Participated 5,000 (approx).


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1. Place Mukulmua Village of Barakhetri Circle


NALBARI (ASSAM) 18 MAY 2007MOCK EXERCISE ON FLOOD

1. Place Deoria District.


DEORIA DISTRICT (UP) 30 MAY 2008

MOCK EXERCISE ON FLOOD


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MEGHALAYA 24 25 MARCH 2008

MOCK EXERCISE ON EARTHQUAKE

People Participated Over 10,000

KADMAT & KARAVATI ISLANDS, LAKSHADWEEP

MOCK EXERCISE ON CYCLONE

1. Islands Kadmat and Karavati.

2. People Participated Over 10,000


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HYDERABAD 26 NOVEMBER 2008MOCK EXERCISE ON MAN-MADE DISASTER

People Participated 15,000 (Approx).

GOVT. INTER COLLEGE, RAMNAGAR,UTTARAKHAND

MOCK EXERCISE ON SCHOOL SAFETY


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GOVT. INTER COLLEGE, DHELA,UTTARAKHAND

MOCK EXERCISE ON SCHOOL SAFETY

Minstreaming of DM Into Development Process With Ref to Mizoram - 28 June 2010 [Compatibility Mode]

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