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NAME OF THE INSTITUTE, PARUL UNIVERSITY PIT, Degree , PARUL UNIVERSITY 1

Minor Project

Presented by Mr. DEBASIS KUMAR PATEL

Parul Institute of Technology, LIMDA

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NAME OF THE INSTITUTE, PARUL UNIVERSITY PIT, Degree, PARUL UNIVERSITY 2

1. Project-1 Ultra Simple Inverter Circuit

2. Project-2The Automatic LED Emergency Light

3. Project-3Foot Step Power Generation System

Minor Project List

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NAME OF THE INSTITUTE, PARUL UNIVERSITY PIT, Degree, PARUL UNIVERSITY 3

1. 556 IC Timer Circuit2. 1k ohm register3. Two transistor4. 1-Transformer (12-0- 12/3AMP)5. 12-Volt DC Battery.

Component Required

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Contents:-1. Component Required2. Block Diagram3. Application4. Execution

Project-1:Ultra Simple Inverter Circuit

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Block Diagram

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1. This circuit is low power inverter circuit and consist of 9 component.

2. The output is available at IC 556 pin 5. The second section is wired as a phase inverter. That output is available at IC 556 pin 9.

3. Voltage input is 10-16v dc into 50 HZ.4. And then voltage will be raised to about 230 V with power 25-

30 W. The first section of IC 556 timer chip is wire as an a stable oscillator with R2 and C1 setting the frequency.

5. The transformer use 230 V / 12 VCT unit that is connected backwards, so that it steps the voltage up rather than down. At resistor R3 and R4 keep output transistor Q1 and Q2 from loading the transistor. The transistor drive the transformer.

4.Working Principle

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Advantages

Advantage:1. Cheaper in cost.2. Easily made by own

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Application

1. Domestic-Based Inverter (The circuit can we use to supply lamp or other

electronic devices)

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Execution:1. Reading the literature or books for the topic 2. Understanding the applications 3. Circuit Diagram 4. Buying components 5. Prepare model Outcome: To convert 12v DC into 230v AC.

Execution

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NAME OF THE INSTITUTE, PARUL UNIVERSITY PIT, Degree, PARUL UNIVERSITY 10

Project-2:The Automatic LED Emergency Light

Objective: To make the “Automatic LED Emergency Light”.

ABSTRACT:Now days, we have frequent interruption in the main Power Supply. So here we make a LED Light, which will provides very bright light which turns on when the mains supply is not there.

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NAME OF THE INSTITUTE, PARUL UNIVERSITY PIT, Degree , PARUL UNIVERSITY 11

Components Required

1. Transformer(230V-12V AC)2. Rectifier(1N4007 Diodes)3. Filter(1mF capacitor)4. Voltage Regulator(LM317)5. Transistors(BC547,BD140)6. Diodes(1N4007)7. Resistors(16,100,180,1K,1.2K)8. Zener Diode9. LED(5mm white LED)10. Rechargeable Battery

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Block Diagram

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Circuit Diagram

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Working Principle

The charger power supply sectionIt is built around 3-terminal adjustable regulator IC LM317 (IC1). In the charger power supply section, input AC mains is stepped down by transformer X1 to deliver 9V, 500 mA to the bridge rectifier, which comprises diodes D1 through D4. Filter capacitor C1 eliminates ripples.

Unregulated DC voltage is fed to input pin 3 of IC1 and provides charging current through diode D5 and limiting resistor R16. By adjusting preset VR1, the output voltage can be adjusted to deliver the required charging current.

When the battery gets charged to 6.8V, zener diode ZD1 conducts and charging current from regulator IC1 finds a path through transistor T1 to ground and it stops charging of the battery.

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Saves fuel. Pollution free. Easy to use. Very low cost Easy to install anywhere ON/OFF time is quick

Advantages

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For Domestic use only (for shorter time period only) Uses at conference room, exhibition hall lighting Uses at Direction arrow board for bathroom

Application

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Execution:1. Reading the literature or books for the topic 2. Understanding the applications 3. Circuit Diagram 4. Buying components 5. Prepare model Outcome: 6. To provide emergency lighting at the time 7. Of power failure.

Execution

Objectives: Design of the Foot step Power Generation.ABSTRACT:Now days, we have not adequate amount of the fuel for the generation of the electricity in conventional method (i.e. Thermal Power Plant, Hydro power plant and nuclear power plant.So here we are going to design the Footstep Power Generation by without using the conventional fuels.

NAME OF THE INSTITUTE, PARUL UNIVERSITY PIT, Degree, PARUL UNIVERSITY 18

Project-3:Footstep Power Generation System

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NAME OF THE INSTITUTE, PARUL UNIVERSITY PIT, Degree, PARUL UNIVERSITY 19

Components Required1. Transformer(230V-12V AC)2. Rectifier(1N4007 Diodes)3. Filter(1mF capacitor)4. Voltage Regulator(LM317)5. Transistors(BC547,BD140)6. Diodes(1N4007)7. Resistors(16,100,180,1K,1.2K)8. Zener Diode9. LED(5mm white LED)10. Rechargeable Battery

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Block Diagram

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Circuit Diagram

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Working

When ever pressure is applied on piezoelectric sensorThat pressure is converted into Electrical energy That minute voltage which is stored in the Lead Acid battery. That voltage is used to drive DC loads. Here we are using PIC16F778 to display the amount of battery

get charged.

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NAME OF THE INSTITUTE, PARUL UNIVERSITY PIT, Degree, PARUL UNIVERSITY 23

PIEZO SENSER

PROTECTION SHEET

C1100 pF

R1100 k

D1

DIODE

BAT1 9 V

To adc1

vdd

Sensor Interface Circuit

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Application

1. At Railway Station, Bus station, other crowded areas for lighting.

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Execution:1. Reading the literature or books for the topic 2. Understanding the applications 3. Circuit Diagram 4. Buying components 5. Prepare model Outcome: 6. To control any LED light as per requirement

Execution