Minor Bodies of the Solar System Chapter 7. Kepler’s Laws 1. Planets orbit the sun in elliptical...
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Minor Bodies of the Solar Minor Bodies of the Solar SystemSystem
Chapter 7Chapter 7
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Kepler’s LawsKepler’s Laws
• 1. Planets orbit the sun in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus of the ellipse
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Keper’s Second LawKeper’s Second Law
• As a planet moves in its orbit, a line connecting the planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times
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Kepler’s Third LawKepler’s Third Law
• P2 = a3
(provided the period is in Earth years and the semi-major axis in astronomical units)
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The Main Asteroid BeltThe Main Asteroid Belt
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Ceres: Largest Main Belt AsteroidsCeres: Largest Main Belt Asteroids
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Gaspra and Ida (and Dactyl)Gaspra and Ida (and Dactyl)
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Mathilde and ErosMathilde and Eros
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NEAR close-ups of ErosNEAR close-ups of Eros
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Resonances in the Asteroid BeltResonances in the Asteroid Belt
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Main Asteroid TypesMain Asteroid Types
• C type: carbonaceous, low albedo
• S type: stony or stony-metallic, redder
• E type: high albedo, magnesium silicate
• D type: very dark and red
• M type: mostly iron and nickel
• E, S, and M types may be fragments from a larger body that underwent differentiation
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Asteroid Light CurvesAsteroid Light Curves
• Antigone
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Kuiper Belt and Oort CloudKuiper Belt and Oort Cloud
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Pluto: Planet or Kuiper Belt ObjectPluto: Planet or Kuiper Belt Object
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PlutoPluto
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SednaSedna
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Comets: Dirty SnowballsComets: Dirty Snowballs
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SOHO CometsSOHO Comets
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Comets Hyakutake and Hale-BoppComets Hyakutake and Hale-Bopp
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Impact with Comet Tempel 1 at 23,000 mph on July 4, 2005Impact with Comet Tempel 1 at 23,000 mph on July 4, 2005
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Shoemaker Levy 9Shoemaker Levy 9
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Hits Jupiter July 1994Hits Jupiter July 1994
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Meteors and MeteoritesMeteors and Meteorites
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Meteor ShowersMeteor Showers