Minnesota Pollution Control Agency March 2, 2011 John Seltz.
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Transcript of Minnesota Pollution Control Agency March 2, 2011 John Seltz.
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Minnesota Pollution Control AgencyMarch 2, 2011
John Seltz
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• Background
• Periodic wood use survey
• Initiation of effort to “Improve air quality”
• A few other things
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BackgroundBackground• Minnesota has trees in the NE 2/3 of the state
• Minnesota is cold in winter
• Minnesota is home to several OWB manufacturers
• The state (and locals) has been concerned with overall wood smoke levels - but at a low level since wood use appeared to be decreasing
• The advent of OWBs 10 years ago changed things
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• Over 50% of wood complaints are about OWBs which constitute a much smaller fraction of wood burning appliances
• An OWB may emit more PM2.5 than many of the permitted sources in the state.
• We have the same problems as other cold wooded midwestern states
• We haven’t developed a good response yet
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RESIDENTIAL FUELWOOD ASSESSMENT
STATE OF MINNESOTA
2007 – 2008 Heating Season
Sponsors:
Northern Research Station Division of Forestry
Forest Inventory and Analysis
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Assessment of Residential Fuelwood CombustionAssessment of Residential Fuelwood Combustion5 Survey Regions – 1500 households5 Survey Regions – 1500 households
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Wood Use vs. Energy CostsWood Use vs. Energy Costs
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050,000
100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000350,000
Tons
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Residential Biomass Fuel Burned During 2007-2008 Heating Season
MetroGreater MN
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0.00E+00
5.00E-08
1.00E-07
1.50E-07
2.00E-07
2.50E-07
3.00E-07
3.50E-07
4.00E-07
4.50E-07
Metro Aspen-Birch CentralHardwoods
Northern Pine Prairie
PM2.
5 Em
issio
ns P
er A
rea
(Ton
s/m
2)PM2.5 Emissions from Residential Wood Combustion Appliances by
Region of the State in Tons/meter squared (2008 Emission Inventory; 2007-2008 Survey Data)
OutdoorWoodBurnDevice
OutdoorHydronicHeater
IndoorFurnace:NonCert
Woodstove:Pellet
Woodstove:Cat
Woodstove:NonCat
Woodstove:NonCert
FireplaceInserts:Cat
FireplaceInsert:NonCat
FireplaceInserts:NotCert
Fireplace
Backyard recreational fires
EPA certified wood stoves (catalyzed)
Fireplaces
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““Improve Air Quality” Strategic ObjectiveImprove Air Quality” Strategic Objective
• High level agency strategy started 2 years ago and now a focus of agency efforts
• Target reductions in statewide risk from air toxics by developing strategies to reduce emissions and concentrations of identified risk drivers by end of 2010
• Reduce man-made (combustion) emissions of PM2.5 and precursors (NOx and SO2) to PM2.5
• Not directly tied to AQ standard violations
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Modeled inhalation cancer risk • all pollutants• all sources:
pointarea mobile
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• Process:
• Identify pollutants
• Identify sources of these pollutants
• Internal team prioritize sources according to chosen criteria (emissions, risk, feasibility of control, etc.)
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Pollutants affecting many people – likely the most Pollutants affecting many people – likely the most important air pollutants affecting human healthimportant air pollutants affecting human health
• Acrolein• Diesel PM • Dioxins/Furans• Formaldehyde• PAHs• PM2.5
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Charbroil-CommercialCook
3% PrescribedBurn4%
Other Area6%
OpenBurn-ClearBrushLeaf
5%
BurnBarrels8%
Residential Wood
Combustion28%
Other Primarily Nonroad Mobile
Exhaust5%
Locomotive2%
Const&Mining-distillate
3%
Recreational Eqpt/Boats
4%
AgTractors7%
Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicle (most 8a&8b)
4%
Industrial Coal2%
ElectricCoal4%
KraftPulpRecovery Furnace
4%Other Point Src
11%
MN Statewide 2005 Direct PM2.5 Emissions (Excluding Most Non-Combustion Sources)
Total = 41,600 tons
Area
Point
Nonroad Mobile
Onroad Mobile
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Receptor Modeling Source ApportionmentReceptor Modeling Source Apportionment
Revised 10/2010 16
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Source Selection ProcessSource Selection ProcessUsed group ranking process considering
• Health impacts
• Cobenefits
• Ease of implementation
• Actions (regulatory or otherwise) that will likely impact pollutant levels
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Residential Wood Combustion
PM2.5Dioxins/Furans (TEF)
PAHs (BaP) Acrolein VOCs
28 4 54 12 11
% of total statewide emissions from this source
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Sources with potentially high health impacts that emit several Sources with potentially high health impacts that emit several pollutants of concern pollutants of concern
Diesel (mobile) •Semi-trailers, delivery trucks, buses, etc •Construction & mining equipment
Gasoline light duty vehicles & trucks Residential Wood CombustionResidential garbage & land clearing debrisStationary Source Fuel Combustion (distillate oil / IC engines)
•Commercial/Institutional•Industrial
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Next StepsNext Steps
• Develop additional technical details
• Investigate partnerships
• Adjust advisory structure
• Develop and implement reduction strategies
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Other MPCA ActionsOther MPCA Actions• Website
• Advice to locals – many cities have adopted OWB and backyard fire restrictions
• Very limited enforcement from MPCA
• Hopeful that EPA will adopt regs to close the barn door on dirty OWBs – if not we may act
• Working with LADCO to better assess OWB impacts and develop tools to help us and locals address existing problems
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ENDEND
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Health impacts• Source affects a large number of people• Effects could be severe • Source could disproportionately impact more
vulnerable populations• Could result in very high exposure concentrations at
some receptors
Ranking CriteriaRanking Criteria
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Ranking CriteriaRanking Criteria
Cobenefits
• Addressing this source for the priority pollutants (6 kaizen pollutants, precursors & ozone) could benefit climate change or reduce energy use
• Source emits significant amounts of multiple priority pollutants (6 Kaizen pollutants, precursors & ozone)
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Ranking CriteriaRanking Criteria
Implementation • Controls and/or mitigations are available & feasible • MPCA has primary authority/responsibility• Programs / staff already in place• Willing partners may exist
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Ranking CriteriaRanking CriteriaLikelihood of future reductions
• Sources are not likely to be addressed through future regulation or existing or future programs
—existing sources
—new sources
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Residential garbage burning (& land clearing debris)
PM2.5 Dioxins/Furans (TEF) PAHs (BaP) Formaldehyde
13 67 22 5
% of total statewide emissions from this source
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Link to RWC Fuel use SurveyLink to RWC Fuel use Survey• http://files.dnr.state.mn.us/forestry/um/residentialfu
elwoodassessment07_08.pdf