Ministry of Energy and Industry

of the Kyrgyz RepublicRenewable Energy Sources

Development

Bangkok 2013

Renewable Energy SourcesPotential

The Republic of Kyrgyzstan has high renewable energy sources(RES) potential estimated at 840,2 toe. Major types of renewableenergy sources in the republic comprise solar, hydroelectricity ofsmall rivers and streams, wind energy, geothermal and water.Still, currently their practical use is negligible, and RES representless than 1% of the country's energy mix. This can be attributedto a number of factors, and the main one is the weak economicincentives for the use of RES.

Solar Energy

Due to its advantageous geographical position and climaticconditions, on the average Kyrgyzstan produces 4,64 bln. MWhof radiant energy per year, or 23,4 kWh per squire meter, theaverage annual sunshine duration varies from 2100 to 2900hours by area. According to expert estimates, solar energyresources are considerable and have solid prospects for beingused in the fuel and energy complex.

Solar cookers of different types can be produced at home, are easy to operate, cost effective

and convenient to use.

Homemade SolarCookers

Vacuum Collection Systems (6 sq. m. in size)allow to heat rooms during the daytime and accumulate thermal energy in the heating system. Four collectors of this type are required for heating100 sq. m.

Solar Home Heating

Sokuluk motor-depot Alamedin «Selhozenergo»

Combined Heating Systems

Solar Thermal Collectors for Heating and Hot Water Supply on the Roof of a Residential Building in Bishkek

Solar energy helps

• Meet 90% of hot water demand for the period of 8-9 months.

• Cover up to 50% of heating during the heating season.

• Provide energy supply to all low-power customers in remoteareas (foresters, shepherds, beekeepers).

• Provide up to 30% of countryside population with backuppower supply.

• Save conventional fuels.

Resources of Wind Energy

Opposite to solar energy, distribution of wind energy resourcesacross the territory of Kyrgyzstan is extremely uneven. Mostinherited areas have insignificant energy potential. The areamost conductive for efficient wind energy use, includingconstruction of large wind power plants that could contribute tothe energy system, is the ridge range representing more thanhalf of the wind energy potential. Annual duration of energywinds is 5-7 thousand hours, with energy density of the wind flowequal to 2000 kWh per sq.m. Still, this particular area is the mostremote and least accessible one, which makes significantchallenges for exploration of energy resources.

Wind energy

• Can be used in the areas as follows: Shamaldisai, AlataiPlateau, Suusamyr, and Barskounkoe Gorge.

• Covers up to 5-7% of the rural population energy demand.

• Provides additional irrigation to farmland, in pumps.

• Provides energy supplies to household consumers.

Biomass

In the Kyrgyz Republic biomass, as a source of renewableenergy, has considerable potential. Biomass processing,comprising animal and plant waste, as well as other organicmaterial, results in production of 1.61 bln. cu m of combustiblemethane gas per year.

Examples of Biogas Technology Implication:Biogas Unit in the Village of Petrovka

Type of unit – one horizontal (60 cu m) and threevertical (25 cu m, 25 cu m, 40 cu m) reactors,total volume capacity equal to 150 cu m withpneumatic loading and mixing raw materials.

• Raw material – manure of 35 heads of cattle,460 pigs, 350 chicken farms, as well asimported manure and human feces.

• Productivity:– Fertilizer - 10 tons per day– Biogas - 500 cu m per day

Use of BU products• Fertilizers are used on the 300 ha of cultivated

land used for planting crops, corn, lucerne, andpumpkin.

• Distributed among adjacent farms.• Biogas is used for household purposes in 7

farms for preparing animal feed, electricgenerator operation and fueling of vehicles.

• There are plans for carbon dioxide productionfrom biogas.

Examples of Biogas Technology Implication

Biogas unit in the village of Lebedinovka

Reactor volume – 250 cu m

• 17 t/d

Biogas unit in the village of Pervomayskoe

• Reactor volume – 120 cu m

• 8 t/d

Examples of Biogas Technology Implication

Biogas unit in Naryn

Naryn-Et, LLC

• Reactor volume – 100 cu m

• 6 t/d

Kant

Kyrgyz Machine Station, JCS

• Reactor volume – 200 cu m

• 14 t/d

Village of Tash-Dyube

• Reactor volume – 25 cu m

• 1,7 t/d

Village of Novo-Pavlovka

• Reactor volume – 100 cu m

• 7 t/d

Examples of Biomass Technology Implication

Biomass helps

• Provide 30% of rural population with cooking gas.

• Reduce СО2, СН4 emissions by 100 mln. cu m.

• Increase yield of agricultural fields by 15-20%.

• Reduce consumption of conventional fuels.

Geothermal Energy

Proven reserves of geothermal energy comprising water ofvarying salinity at the temperature of 40-60 degrees Celsiusare estimated at 613 bln. GJ per year, 70% of these depositsare located in the north of the republic. Throughout the world,such waters are used, generally, for heating with heat pumpsand peak water heating of various facilities, also forbalneology purposes. Deposits of Ak-Suu, Issyk-Ata,Dzhergalan and others are considered most accessible.

Small Hydropower

According to estimates, technically acceptable from the development pointof view is the hydropower potential of small rivers and streams equal to 5-8bln. KWh per year.

In terms of location, all the surveyed small rivers are in the basins of theChu, the Talas, the Naryn, the Sary-Zhaz, the Karadaria, and the SyrdariaRivers.

The hydropower potential of small rivers across entire area of the KyrgyzRepublic provides opportunities for construction of 90 new small HPS withtotal capacity of 180 MWt and average annual electricity production of 1.0bln. KWh.

Due to its high potential, the most promising area for cooperation is projectimplementation in the field of small hydropower.

Strategic Planning for the Small Hydropower Development in the Kyrgyz Republic

The Ministry of Energy and Industry of the Kyrgyz Republic incollaboration with EBRD is implementing the project entitled “Strategic Planningof Small Hydropower Development in the Kyrgyz Republic”. The project iscarried out by the consortium Mercados EMI (Spain) and JSC “RusHydro”” (theRussian Federation).

Министерство энергетики

и промышленности КЫРГЫЗСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ

The project framework includes the construction of four smallhydroelectric power stations, for which feasibility studies have been conducted(Orto-Tokoyskaya – 20MW, Oi-Alma – 7,7MW, Solokunskaya-5 – 1,5MW,Tortgulskaya – 3,0MW), data on alignment of small hydropower stations will beoffered to investors for consideration and application.

Four Small Hydropower Stations

Sokuluk HPS-5, capacity - 1,5 MWtOutput - 9 090 MWh per yearSokuluk District, Chuyskaya Region

Oi-Alma HPS-2, capacity - 7,7 MWtOutput - 54 490 MWh per yearKara-Kul’dzhin District, Osh Region

Tortgul HPS, capacity - 3 MWtOutput - 11 860 MWh per yearBatken District, Batken Region,on the territory of TortgulWater Reservoir

Orto-Tokoy HPS, capacity - 20 MWt, Output - 80 940 MWh per yearTonsk District, Issyk-Kul Region

Renewable energy sourcesare aimed at

• Environmental development due to reduction ofatmospheric emissions.

• Enhancement of energy security.

• Improvement of socio-economic living standards ofrural population.

• Decrease of conventional fuels consumption (coal, oil,and gas).

Barriers to Renewable Energy Sources Use

1. Institutional barriers:

-Need for a public institution (an agency on RES) specializing in thearea.

-Insufficient regulatory frameworks in the field of RES.

-Lack of highly qualified specialists in the field of RES.

2. Financial barriers: (insufficient mechanisms of financial support).

3. Lack of information to promote RES. Low awareness of people,government bodies, organizations and institutions on advantages ofRES usage.

Regulatory Frameworks on RES Development

Law of RK «On Renewable Energy Sources»

Law of RK «On Energy»

Law of RK «On Electricity»

Law of RK «On Energy Saving»

National Energy Program of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan for 2008– 2010 and Strategy of Fuel and Energy Complex Developmentuntil 2015.

Decree of the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic of 28 July2009 of «On Approval of the Procedure of Construction,Acceptance and Grid Connection of Small Hydropower Plants toPower Grids».

Main Regulatory Challenges

Lack of programme documents setting the priority of introductionand use of small-scale renewable energy systems.

Regulatory frameworks are not comprehensive and do notadequately reflect the market environment for RES introductionand use.

Regulatory documents often lack coverage of implicationmechanisms.

Thank you for your attention!

Ministry of Energy and Industry of the KYRGYZ REPUBLIC