Mining and resources

8/12/2019 Mining and resources

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www.monash.edu/industryAUSTRALIA CHINA INDIA ITALY MALAYSIA SOUTH AFRICA


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Why Monash?

The mining and resource industry comprises

businesses in the exploration, development and

production of minerals and energy assets such

as coal, gas, oil and renewables.

Australias mining industry is being challengedby the higher costs of doing business and

falling global commodity prices. The industry is

switching its focus from growing its asset base

to increasing the protability of production.

The energy sector is seeking more economical

forms of gas production to meet increasing

worldwide demand.

Monash University seeks to work in partnership

with Australian and global mining and resource

companies to boost productivity and business

success through both technology and workforce-based innovation. We have a long history in driving

productivity gains in the mining industry, mainly

through two groups the Maintenance Technology

Institute and the Institute of Railway Technology.

Both institutes enjoy a reputation for excellence

in solving technical issues for the mining industry.

Their innovative solutions have been adopted by

companies all over the world to decrease costs,

increase protability and improve safety.

Monash recently established a new Bachelor

of Mining Engineering (Honours), which hasthe theme the mine of the future. This degree

incorporates automation, environment,

sustainability, people and community, safety,

project management and teamwork, economics,

communication skills, innovation and leadership.

Our research strengths in mining and resources

are grouped around six themes:

Exploration

Productivity-enhancing technologies

Adding value to production Business operations

Sustainable development

Cutting energy costs.

Monash Universityseeks to work inpartnership with

Australian andglobal miningand resourcecompanies toboost productivity

and businesssuccessthroughboth technologyand workforce-based innovation.

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Brilliant opportunities

Monash University is a global leader in innovative and

multidisciplinary research. Ranked among the top one per

cent of universities in the world, Monash has grown to

become Australias largest university.

Monashs ve Australian campuses are complemented by astrong and expanding international presence in Italy, India,

Malaysia, South Africa and China. We also recently established

an alliance with Warwick University in the United Kingdom.

As Australias largest university which undertakes ground-

breaking research, Monash University has an enormous

breadth of expertise to assist mining and resources

companies to improve operations and drive business success.

Monash undertakes more contract research with industry than

any other Australian university. The majority of this work is with

leading Australian and international mining companies.

We can connect your organisation with the right peopleto meet your needs and put together a research and

development team that works for you. We work with a wide

variety of external partners, in a range of ways, including:

commissioned research, strategic partnerships, consulting

and licensing of innovations.

Contact us

[email protected]

+61 3 9905 9910

monash.edu/industry

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4/32EXPLORATION

ExplorationThere is a long term trend for a hugeglobal demand for minerals, in spite ofthe recent downturn. However mineraldiscoveries are reducing, getting deeper

and harder to nd. New knowledge isneeded to underpin future exploration.Monashs geoscientists conduct research

to understand how, when and wheremineral deposits form in the Earthscrust. We are generating predictivemodels that guide more economical

mineral exploration.The mining industry considers that somegovernment regulation is impacting itsglobal competitiveness. Monash hasresearch and policy expertise across

a range of regulatory areas and hasexperience working with the miningindustry on how policy, legislation,

and other regulatory requirementsimpact upon mining, energy, andresources. We can provide academic

and consultancy expertise in culturalheritage, native title and human rights.

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Deliveringimpact

Mapping thatimproves the odds

To improve the likelihood of a drill core nding rich depositsof nickel, you need an excellent 3D map.

The Vale mining company needed such a map to future

proof its business. It needed to locate underground

ore deposits large enough to extend the life of its

hugely successful surface mining operation at VoiseysBay, Canada.

The Voiseys Bay area contains about ve cubic kilometresof a special rock called troctolite, which crystallised from

a magma that rose through the Earths crust over a billion

years ago. Nickel-bearing ore deposits are known to occur

in this rock type, often deep below the surface.

Dr Peter Lightfoot, Chief Geologist Nickel, BrowneldExploration, North Atlantic at Vale underlines the best

possible combination of geoscience is required to inform

the decision making process about where to drill to drive

success within present and future exploration.

For Professor Sandy Cruden, understanding a billion

years of development of an ore body in the Earths crust is

fascinating detective work. As Professor of Tectonics and

Geodynamics at Monash, he studies the pure science of

the processes that have formed the structure and properties

of the Earths crust and its evolution through millenia. From

his studies, he creates models for identifying the structural

controls on how magma is emplaced and the likelihood of

creating the right environment for deposits of rich ore.

Professor Cruden describes his work as identifying the right

conditions for nding the precious needle in the haystack.Dr Lightfoot describes the Monash teams valuable

structural analysis and detailed insights into magma

chamber morphology as assets to the exploration

programs at Voiseys Bay.

The focus of Professor Crudens expertise and the source

of Vales success lay in the same place - to map and

understand the geology of the area so mining can start in

those places most likely to deliver the vital ore deposits.

Vale predicts its underground operation will start producing

ore in 2019, when the Voiseys Bay open pit deposit

is supposed to run out, and is expected to remain in

production after 2030.

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Mineral exploration

Monashs geoscience researchers have a successful trackrecord of collaborative research with the mining industry. Our

geoscientists are advancing the knowledge of the physics and

chemistry behind how mineralisation occurs in order to develop

better models and targeting tools for predicting where ore

deposits lie deep underground.

Monashs geoscientists have access to a range of analytical and

technical equipment for mineral exploration and geotechnical

surveys, along with innovative methods. Our capabilities include

the Australian Synchrotron and powerful 3D modelling tools for

developing predictive models that guide mineral exploration.

From 2014, Monash will be running short courses for industry

mineral geologists to train them in interpreting regional

geophysical data.

Indigenous communities

Monash offers education, research and consulting expertise

across many aspects relating to Indigenous communities. We

cover culture, preserving Indigenous archaeology, Indigenous

education, legal issues such as native title law, human rights, and

Indigenous and rural health. The Monash Indigenous Centre can

work with the mining industry to meet Indigenous cultural heritage

legislative requirements and develop culturally appropriate training

for non-Indigenous staff.

Regulations and corporatesocial responsibility

Monashs law academics have research expertise across many

aspects of national and international business law, regulation and

policy. This expertise covers general approaches to regulation,

commercial law, corporate social responsibility, native title, human

rights, energy law, environmental law and regulation of natural

resources. This expertise can be harnessed to assist the mining

industry. Monash has extensive experience in governmental

advisory work, consultancies, and research and training.

Sustainable development

The Monash Sustainability Institute can assist the industryto continue to improve its sustainable development practices

through research, education and action. MSIs expertise covers

resource management, behaviour change, the interface between

social and environmental sustainability, and legal frameworks

for extractive industries. For legal frameworks, Monash focuses

on research in local content requirements, competitive bidding,

taxation, community engagement and development, framing

and negotiation of investment and community agreements and

leveraging mining investments for infrastructure development.

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Our key people

Mineral exploration

Professor Sandy Cruden

Professor Cruden is an expert in the eld of tectonicsand geodynamics. His expertise can be applied to

developing enhanced exploration models for a variety

of commodities.

Professor Jol Brugger

Professor Brugger is a synchrotron geosciences

expert and investigates the mobility of metals in

the Earths crust and environment. This expertise

enables the use of techniques, including the Australian

Synchrotron located next door to Monashs Clayton

campus, to improve minerals exploration and

mineral processing.

Legal frameworks for sustainable development

Jacqueline Mandelbaum

Ms Mandelbaums expertise is in optimising legal

frameworks to promote sustainable development

from mining industry investments, understanding thatindustry investments should remain protable but alsoallow the host country to benet.

Indigenous communities

Professor Lynette Russell

Professor Russell is an anthropological historian

and director of the Monash Indigenous Centre.

The centre offers expertise in Australian and Papua

New Guinean Indigenous archaeological and

anthropological research.

Native title law and policyMelissa Castan

Ms Castans expertise is in human rights law, native

title issues and Indigenous legal issues. Ms Castanwas a key person in the nationwide Aurora

Project, a capacity building initiative for native titlelaw and practice.

Human rights

Associate Professor Adam McBeth

Associate Professor Adam McBeth is a deputy

director in the Castan Centre for Human Rights

Law. He has expertise in international humanrights law including the application of this law to

corporations and the social impact assessment of

business activities.

Regulation

Associate Professor Pamela OConnor

Associate Professor OConnors expertise is in

regulation of resources and land management.

Her current research activities relate to regulation

of carbon, property rights, and regulation of urban

water resources.

To improve thelikelihood of adrill core ndingrich depositsofnickel, you need an

excellent 3D map.

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Productivity-boosting

technologies

PRODUCTIVITY-BOOSTING TECNOLOGIES

The mining industry is responding tochallenging market conditions by reducingcosts, increasing productivity and

operating more efciently. The industry ismoving to remote operations, increasedautomation and predictive maintenanceof mining assets. Monash can help the

industry to improve productivity withnew technologies and developmentsin equipment performance, railwaytechnologies, optimisation and scheduling,

big data analytics and robotics.

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Keeping miningtrains on track

The Institute of Railway Technology (IRT) has been

improving the reliability and safety of mining companies

railway systems for over 40 years. One of IRTs

competencies is improving the interface where wheel

meets rail. The director of IRT, Mr Ravitharan says the

wheel-rail interface is the foundation of any rail operation:Get this wrong at your peril.

The institute has modied wheel and rail proles tooptimise the contact conditions. This innovation is helping

companies to cut costs in wheel and rail maintenance

and renewal. Among those to implement the new prolesis Rio Tinto.

Rio Tintos superintendent of asset management Michael

Courtney says the design changes suggested by the

Monash team make it easier for the trains to steer correctly

along the track. This also reduces damage. In the past veyears the company has rolled out a reshaping program,

grinding rails to match a new prole design provided by

IRT. The result has been a drop in defects and broken railsalong its 1200-kilometre network.

Another IRT innovation championed by Mr Courtney is

the instrumented ore car. Monash rst trialled monitoringequipment tted to an ore car at BHP Billiton Iron Orein 2002. IRT has now retrotted more than 70 ore carsaround the world with instrumentation. These instrumented

cars are linked via GSM and satellite networks to ofcesat Monash, providing continuous, near-real-time track

monitoring without interrupting production.

Mr Ravitharan says tting the equipment to a standardoperational car means the dynamics of the trains

performance on the tracks can be assessed as they are

running. Potential problems are communicated to railwayoperators in near real time.

Deliveringimpact

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Maximising draglineproductivity

Australian and international coal mines have been able

to increase the productivity of their draglines, thanks to

Monashs Maintenance Technology Institute.

Draglines are used primarily in surface mining for the

removal of overburden above coal. These huge machines

can move over 100 cubic metres of material at a time

in their bucket, at a rate of one bucket per minute. This

means even minor improvements in dragline productivity

can lead to large increases in mine protability.

The managing director of MTI, Gerard Chitty, says that

MTI has completed dragline capacity assessments and

production improvements for over 75 draglines.

We have calculated the safe working capacity at

various operations including BMA, Rio Tinto, Anglo

Coal, Wesfarmers, Glencore and BHBP Energy Coal

South Africa. Following these assessments andimplementation of structural upgrades, most draglines are

operating at 110 to 125 per cent of the original design RSL

(rated suspended load) within a safe working envelope.

MTI uses high tech monitoring systems and applies a ve

step process to maximising the performance of draglines.MTI is developing and trialling real time monitoring systems

for other mining equipment such as excavators, shovels,

large mining trucks and drills.

Mr Chitty said we are able to remotely monitor in real time

and stream data to our Melbourne base from all mobile

equipment on site to provide feedback on issues such

as damage or poor performance. We are able to identify

operators who might need further training and highlight

specic areas where improvements are needed.

MTI prides itself on providing comprehensive,

independent advice that makes a real nancial impacton the mining industry.

We estimate that we have helped our clients achieve

business benets of about $10 million to $25 milliondragline per year, said Mr Chitty. Considering the large

number of draglines that have been upgraded on MTI

recommendations, the total estimate of nancial benetsruns into several hundreds of millions of dollars.

Deliveringimpact

Optimising optimisation

Large scale businesses constantly review their end to

end processes to identify opportunities for cost savings.

In highly complex businesses, there are many variables tobe assessed before the right decision can be made. Using

the variables to generate the right solution requires out of

the box thinking and tremendous analytical capabilities.

Greater efciency in operations returns signicantrewards as a collaboration between Monash, Constraint

Technologies International (CTI) and Qantas has underlined.

At the heart of the Monash approach to optimisation is

a gifted analyst/algorithm designer/mathematician; an

expert in modelling and solving combinatorial optimisation

problems. Together with his colleagues Professor Maria

Garcia De La Banda and Dr Guido Tack, Professor Mark

Wallace leads a team of PhD researchers focused on

nding solutions that take into account numerous variables.They have a proven track record in designing state of the

art software solutions in travel, transport and logistics.

CTI has been delivering airline optimisation systems for 20

years. Since 2005, the Head of Research and Development

at CTI, Ian Evans has worked with Professor Wallace and

his team to drive the evolution of transport and logistics

systems. CTI knows the value of working with a lead

researcher who is aware of the latest advances as theyoccur as this means their business can access new

approaches rather than having to wait years for them to be

written up and published.

One CTI project was to develop a exible crew rosteringsystem to address complex business rules, safe working

requirements, workplace agreements, leave and training

allocations and crew preferences as well as technical

requirements. Professor Wallace and his team delivered a

solution that CTI was able to customise for sale to Qantas

and major airlines in Asia and India.

Professor Wallaces skilled research team solves these and

other complex resource planning and scheduling problems

using a range of algorithms, constraint programming andhybrid techniques. Their applications create cost saving

solutions in managing terminals, maintenance programmes,

crew rostering and equipment management.

PRODUCTIVITY-BOOSTING TECNOLOGIES9


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We estimate that we have helpedour clients achieve businessbenefits of about $10 million to$25 million per dragline per year

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Condition monitoring

Monitoring the condition of major mining equipment can detect

a problem before failure, allowing maintenance to be scheduled

and maximising production output. Condition monitoring is also

a critical aspect of asset management to control operational

expenditure and predict future capital expenditure.

Monash has extensive research expertise in monitoring of

equipment and complex structures: structural, mechanical and electrical system health monitoring,

including in difcult-to-inspect places

fracture and fatigue analysis

vibration monitoring and assessment

modelling of mechanical properties

sensors and wireless networks

data mining and management of monitoring data

condition forecasting

visualisation of complex data

optimisation of maintenance scheduling.

Big data analytics

Mining companies increasingly depend upon advanced

computational infrastructure. This means the volume of data

being transferred and stored quickly becomes vast, known as

big data. This data can be used to great advantage if it is

correctly compiled, analysed and evaluated. Monash can assist

companies gain a competitive advantage by better exploiting their

data assets. For example, analysing big data can improve the

understanding of factors that affect productivity or time between

required maintenance, meaning processes can be rened todecrease operational expenditure.

PRODUCTIVITY-BOOSTING TECNOLOGIES

Performance improvement

The Maintenance Technology Institute (MTI) is dedicated to

improving the performance and reliability of plant and equipment

using the latest technologies and state-of-the-art analysis

techniques. MTI has been delivering research and consulting

services to the mining industry for over 14 years. Its clients include

BHP Billiton, Rio Tinto, Glencore Xstrata, Anglo Coal, Peabody,

Wesfarmers and Caterpillar.

MTI offers:

productivity and capacity assessments

safety and integrity assessments

new designs, design reviews and modications forimproving reliability and performance

operator behaviour assessment and training for

improving performance

process optimisation over the long term

life extension of ageing plant

real time monitoring and operator feedback systems.

Railway technologies

Monashs Institute of Railway Technology (IRT) has been delivering

technology-based solutions to the railway industry, including

heavy haul, for over 40 years. IRT provides research anddevelopment services to BHP Billiton, Rio Tinto, Fortescue Metals

Group and Vale (Brazil), and more than 100 other railway-based

entities. IRT has developed instrumented ore care technology

to support track reliability. This in turn has increased productivityand safety for industry.

IRTs primary areas of expertise are track structure design andmaintenance, rail welding, wheel-rail interface, vehicle and

track instrumentation, vehicle and train performance, condition

monitoring, component testing, failure analysis, quality control

and auditing, standards development and personnel training.

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Our key people

Performance improvement

Gerard Chitty

Mr Chitty is the director of the Maintenance

Technology Institute, which has 15 specialist

engineering and research staff to deliver

research services to the mining and heavy

engineering industries.

Railway technologies

Ravi Ravitharan

Mr Ravitharan is the director of the Institute of Railway

Technology, a leading technology service provider to

heavy haul and mass transit railway systems.

Condition monitoring

Professor Wing Kong Chiu

Professor Chiu is an expert in structural health

monitoring and structural integrity. His expertise

has been applied to improve monitoring aircraftstructures, freight trains, buried water pipes and

reconstructive surgery.

Big data analytics

Professor Geoff Webb

Professor Webb has expertise in data mining,

knowledge acquisition, machine learning and user

modelling. He creates new technologies to make

sense of data and his work with industry has improved

process control and crew scheduling.

Optimisation and schedulingProfessor Mark Wallace

Professor Wallaces expertise spans different

techniques and algorithms for optimisation and

their integration and application to solving complex

resource planning and scheduling problems.

Professor Kate Smith-Miles

Professor Smith-Miles leads a new initiative called

MAXIMA, which uses high end mathematical expertise

to solve complex challenges in research and industry.

Professor Smith-Miles has consulted widely to

industry in the areas of optimisation, data mining and

intelligent systems.

Robotics

Professor Bijan Shirinzadeh

Professor Shirinzadehs research interests are in

robotics, automation, sensing and control. His work

can be applied to mining processes by improving

robotic systems in an industrial environment.

Optimisation and scheduling

Monash is developing optimisation and visualisation technologies

to solve complex problems. These technologies are helping

organisations to improve the quality and efciency of theiroperations and services. Monash has partnered with industry

and government in transport, logistics, production planning,

resource allocation and scheduling. The potential benets of usingoptimisation in the mining industry include:

crew rostering, equipment allocation and task scheduling to

meet production requirements

production scheduling to maximise supply at minimal cost and risk

strategic planning to schedule large numbers of investments to

maximise net present value.

Robotics, automation,and autonomous systems

There is a growing role of automated machines and robotics in the

mining and resource industry as they are able to perform highlyrepetitive tasks quickly and safely, with less wear on trucks and

other equipment. Monashs expertise in this area includes:

robotic systems

sensing and control, including remote sensing

long reach manipulators

automation and automated handling systems

autonomous aerial vehicles and swarm methodologies for tasks

such as area coverage, exploration, monitoring and surveillance

haptics and virtual reality

mechatronic systems process planning and control.

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14/32ADDING VALUE TO PRODUCTION

In addition to new and innovativetechnologies to boost productivity, Monashexpertise can help the mining and resource

industry improve its operations andadd value to raw commodities throughadvanced engineering and industrial design.

Our areas of expertise in the production

and post-production phases include:

mining engineering

extraction and recovery of metals

brown coal technologies

unconventional gas extractiontechnologies

adding value to metals highperformance materials and corrosion

industrial design.

Adding value to production

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Safe undergroundtransport vehicles

Monash is helping to improve the conditions for workers in

Australian underground coal mines. Using a combination

of engineering and industrial design, researchers have

been developing practical solutions for vehicles that

transport workers in underground mine tunnels.

By global standards the mining sector in Australia has

an enviable mine safety record. However safety audits of

Australian coal mines in the mid-2000s identied safetyissues relating to the use of underground transport

equipment, which contributed to injuries amongst mineworkers. The emissions from these diesel powered

vehicles also represent a considerable health hazard.

With funding from the Australian Coal Association

Research Program, the Australian Research Council

and industry partners Kestral Coal and GE-Industrea, a

multidisciplinary team at Monash used a human-centred

approach to research the safety, operation and function of

underground transport equipment.

The team developed a set of guidelines and specicationsfor a new compact and lightweight concept vehicle

for underground mining, with improvements to seating

ergonomics, impact attenuation and occupant safety.

Associate Professor Arthur de Bono, Head of theDepartment of Design, said the multidisciplinary approach

and strong links with the mining industry through

Monashs Maintenance Technology Institute (MTI) was

the key. Our design solution was informed by the

requirements of industry and our engineers giving us the

structural and technical parameters.

Dr Daya Dayawansa head of research at MTI said

working with industrial designers led to design outcomes

far in excess of those that could have come from

engineers alone.

The impressive results of this research led the industry

partners to again join with Monash and new partner

Swinburne University of Technology on a new projectaimed at developing an alternative electric power system

for mining vehicles. This system will not only be zero

emission but will meet the challenging environment found

in underground mines.

Associate Professor Damon Honnery, a lead researcher

on the project and an expert in pollutant formation

says our long term goal is to remove diesel powered

vehicles completely from mines and improve the working

environment for underground miners.

Deliveringimpact

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Mining engineering

Monash can help Australias mining industry achieve its aim to

generate more protable production from its enlarged assetbase. In 2013 Monash established a agship Division of Miningand Resources Engineering in response to industry demand.

The division will leverage Monashs position as Australias leading

engineering university and provide the mining industry with high

quality education and research.

Monash has a long history of advancing fundamental knowledgein the elds of civil engineering, rock and soil mechanics, wastemanagement and environmental management. Monash has

worked with global mining and resource companies to improve

their operations, including improving the stability of large open

cut mines.

With the establishment of a dedicated mining division, Monash

will expand its current expertise to other critical areas in mining

engineering such as mine health and safety, ventilation, mine

automation, drilling and blasting and mining methods. We are

also currently exploring rapid and mass mining technologies

to enhance production. Researchers are developing expertise

in applying tunnel boring machines and other mechanised

excavations in mining and discrete and dynamic numericalmodelling techniques of mass mining.

Extraction and recovery of metals

Monash is undertaking exciting research in ionic liquids and

electrochemistry which offers unique horizon opportunities

in improving electrowinning processes for extracting copper,

titanium, magnesium and precious metals. This expertise could

be applied to investigate the recovery and recycling of gold and

other precious metals from mining and electronic wastes.

Brown coal

Australia has vast reserves of low-rank brown coal. Monash

is exploring how cleaner energy can be produced from these

reserves by reducing the energy required for dewatering of the

coal and also through the use of new approaches to gasication/combustion, such as oxy-fuel, chemical looping and fuel cells.

Monash also investigates the creation of value added products

from coal, such as liquid transport fuels, blast furnace coke,

bitumens and carbons.

Unconventional gasextraction technologies

In the energy resources sector, unconventional gas sources such

as tight sand, coal seam and shale offer low-carbon alternatives

to coal. The global consumption of gas has been increasing

at a rate of three per cent a year since 2000 and there are

huge untapped unconventional gas reserves across the world.

Expansion of the unconventional gas industry will require new

technologies to make this energy source economically feasible

and have minimal environmental impact.

Monash is researching new environmentally friendly and effective

techniques for reservoir development and gas extractionfrom unconventional sources. We have unique capabilities for

development of new techniques, including one of the worlds

largest high pressure, high temperature testing chambers.

High performance metals

Monash has major activities underway in the science and engineering

of metals and alloys, which can add signicant value to theraw material. These include intelligent design and development

of high performance light alloys, development of innovative

processing technologies such as additive manufacturing, material

characterisation, and modelling and simulation of metal processing

and resulting mechanical properties.

The bulk of Monashs research is in light alloys based on aluminium,magnesium and titanium. We also have signicant activity in steeland copper. Monash has state-of-the-art experimental testing and

characterisation facilities to underpin this research.

Corrosion

Monashs expertise in corrosion research can protect infrastructure

and equipment and extend the working life of mine assets. Monash is

researching the monitoring, mechanism and mitigation of corrosion.

Our researchers have experience in solving corrosion problems for

mining and mineral processing companies. Monashs corrosion

expertise is broad and includes corrosion-assisted cracking of steels,microbially-induced corrosion, coatings for light alloys and steels,

modelling of corrosion, and corrosion of concrete reinforcements.

Industrial design

Monashs industrial design researchers generate ideas and undertake

practice that lead to the creation of new paradigms, novel approaches

and fresh insights. They are working with mining, transport, medical

and manufacturing industries to integrate design thinking and world-

class design practices into businesses. Professional services offered

by Monash include:

ergonomic and usability analysis assessment of tools, equipment

and workplaces

product documentation computer aided design for design

documentation

three dimensional visualisation a comprehensive range of services

such as 3D images and animations

prototyping the latest digital making technologies such as rapid

prototyping and laser cutting.

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A multidisciplinary team at Monash used ahuman-centred approachto research thesafety, operation and function of undergroundtransport equipment.

Brown coal

Professor Alan Chaffee

Professor Chaffee is researching new and more

efcient uses for brown coal, including its conversationto chemical and other value-added products. He is

developing improved approaches to and materials for

carbon dioxide capture and utilisation.

Gas extraction technologies

Professor Ranjith Pathegama Gamage

Professor Pathegama Gamage is an expert in

the movement of uids through rock. His team isdeveloping stimulation methods for recovery of gas

from unconventional reservoirs.

High performance metals

Professor Chris Davies

Professor Davies is an expert in the

thermo-mechanical processing of metals. He designsnew alloys and new processing routes by combining

advanced modelling and experiment with physical

simulation of industrial processes.

Corrosion

Professor Nick Birbilis

Professor Birbilis is a leader in corrosion research

and corrosion control in a variety of metals and using

different protective coatings.

Industrial design

Associate Professor Arthur de Bono

Associate Professor de Bono and his team of

industrial designers look at innovations in design

for major research and corporate organisations.

Mining engineering

Professor Jerry Tien

Professor Tien is Head of the Division of Mining and

Resources Engineering. His speciality areas include

mine ventilation, diesel particulate matter emissions,

mine res, coal mining, mine planning and minefeasibility studies.

Geomechanics

Professor Jian Zhao

Professor Zhao is an international expert in rock

mechanics and rock engineering, including

mining applications. His research and engineering

practice covers tunnel boring machine (TBM)

excavation, rock cavern construction, oil storage

caverns, rock fracturing, earthquake effects and

discontinuum modelling.

Slope stability

Professor Jayantha Kodikara

Professor Kodikara has expertise in the stability of

compacted soils. He has undertaken fundamental

research into modelling of unsaturated soil behaviour,

atmosphere/ground/structure interaction, and soil and

rock fracture and water ow.

Extraction and recovery of metals

Professor Doug Macfarlane

Professor Macfarlane researches ionic liquids and is

a leader in the Australian Research Council Centre of

Excellence for Electromaterials.

Our key people

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The mining industrys productivity

drive applies to business processesand workforce management as wellas technological enhancements. The

industry is looking to increase productionwithout increasing costs by enablingpeople to do their jobs better and

improving the efciency of operations.At the same time, the health and safetyof mine workers is an ever present issue.Monash can help in these areas by

improving workplace safety and injuryoutcomes, equipping the workforce withthe skills to build a more efcient andproductive workplace, and improving

business operations and services.

Businessoperations

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Safer light vehicles for themining industry

Thousands of mining workers use light four wheel drive

vehicles to check gas lines, travel off road to carry out

maintenance or simply travel from site to site as part of

their working day. Dr David Logan, Senior Research Fellow

at the Monash Injury Research Institute recently worked

with Rio Tinto to support a review of their vehicle eet

including what vehicles types were most suited to certainmining applications.

Dr Logan says that understanding the unique safety features

of each model of a vehicle eet is critical to improving thedriving safety performance of an organisation. In particular

features such as electronic stability control can assist greatly

in reducing the likelihood of losing control of a vehicle.

Regional Health and Safety Superintendent at Rio Tinto,

Alex Rutter said we engaged Monash to help us review

the features and applications of our light vehicle eetbecause they are highly regarded in research into this eld.

Mr Rutter said that Monash was professional throughout

the engagement and the research and advice providedwas easy to apply to the development of new guidelines for

vehicle purchasing and application. Monash assisted us to

ensure important policy decisions were grounded in up to

date research.

Rebecca Perrett, Health and Safety Manager from Rio Tinto

Iron Ore said the work that Monash did provided up to date

research and information to support business strategy.

The results helped us to develop a purchasing strategyfor safety requirements that were well received within the

business.

Dr Logan strongly suggests that mining companies follow

Rio Tintos lead and consider safety features when they

are replacing their eet. He notes that electronic stabilitycontrol has been shown to reduce single vehicle driver injury

crashes in four wheel drives by around 65 per cent.

Healthy workers inthe aluminium industry

Over the past 10 years Monash University, together with

the University of Western Australia, assisted the aluminium

industry to protect the health of workers.

In 1994, Alcoa of Australia initiated Healthwise, a research

program looking at links between work and long-term

health in its employees. At the time, Alcoa employed

approximately 6000 people and produced 30 per cent of

Australias aluminium. Healthwise investigated the health

of workers in Alcoas bauxite mines, alumina reneries,aluminium smelters, power stations, rolling mills and

shipping terminals.

Professor Malcolm Sim, the director of the Monash

Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health was

a lead researcher in Healthwise. Professor Sim says

we monitored the health of thousands of Alcoa workersand applied robust epidemiological research methods to

examine the relationship between exposure to substances

such as bauxite, sulphur dioxide, polycyclic aromatic

hydrocarbons and particulates and the health outcomes

of workers.

Our research in the Healthwise program helped to clarify

the causative agents for occupational asthma and lung

cancer. Importantly we showed that mortality rates for

circulatory disease, respiratory disease and cancer are

statistically signicantly lower for Alcoa employees than thegeneral population he said.

To enhance occupational health and safety practices within

the company, Alcoa regularly communicated the research

ndings from Healthwise to its employees.

Alcoa reported that the Healthwise program leads the

way in occupational health research. The company has

highlighted the importance of engaging internationallyrenowned experts such as Professor Sim, in the eldof epidemiology.

Deliveringimpact

Monash University, together with the University ofWestern Australia, assisted the aluminium industrytoprotect the health of workers.

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Occupational health,safety and injury

Monash University is internationally renowned for its injury, safety

and occupational health research. We are focused on using our

research expertise to deliver actionable workplace improvements

with partner organisations. Monashs expertise in these areas can

monitor the health of workers, identify any factors causing ill health

or injury and help to inform control measures.

The major areas of research are:

Workplace safety, injury outcomes, transport safety and

disaster resilience at the Monash Injury Research Institute.

The institutes clients have included Australia Post, VicRoads,Orica, Exoon-Mobil and OneSteel Newcastle.

Vehicle safety at the Monash University AccidentResearch Centre.

The Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental

Health investigates the health effects of occupational and

environmental exposures.

The Cooperative Research Centre for Alertness, Safety

and Productivity, headquartered at Monash, will develop

the next generation of shift scheduling and workplace

design techniques, alertness assessment devices, better

sleep programs, and a range of innovative strategies to

reduce fatigue.

Human resource managementand workplace relations

Monash has the largest group of management educators and

researchers in the Asia-Pacic region. Monashs pioneering humanresources and workplace relations research informs teaching and

makes a signicant contribution to management knowledge andprofessional practice, across a range of areas including:

organisational change

human resource management

leadership skills

change management

employee and industrial relations.

Monash offers research and consulting services in these areas and

has been engaged by mining and resources companies to identify

effective practices for recruiting and retaining engineering and

scientic talent, as well as to encourage and foster innovation.

Workplace productivity

Innovation in workplaces requires managers and otheremployees to change their mindsets and ways of working.

Workplace based training is a specialised skill and Monash

provides development programs for trainers in diverse industry

settings to enable them to attain teaching and communication

skills. These skills will translate into better on the job learning that

ultimately builds more efcient and productive workplaces.

Monash has successfully conducted programs for Visy Industries

and Nova Systems Aeronautical Engineering. Learning programs

offered include:

leadership, including organisational and executive

leadership courses

workplace learning and communication skills development

in a variety of work contexts

train the trainer

coaching and mentoring for different workplaces.

Global business operations

In order to operate efciently and effectively, companies in themining industry need to adopt global standards and integrate

end to end business processes internally and in their supply

chains. Monash has expertise in:

analysing supply chains and developing appropriate strategies

total quality management and organisational performance

planning and integration of advanced technologies

internationalisation strategy and its components

business to government relationships

business regulations.

Monash University is internationally

renownedfor its injury, safety andoccupational health research.

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Our key people

Occupational health, safety and injury

Professor Malcolm Sim

Professor Sim is an occupational physician and

epidemiologist who leads the Monash Centre

for Occupational and Environmental Health. He

researches the human health effects of occupational

and environmental exposures and has worked

extensively with bauxite mining, aluminium productionand petroleum rening companies.

Professor Lesley Day

Professor Day is the deputy director of the Monash

Injury Research Institute. She has expertise in injury

epidemiology, surveillance, and the design and

evaluation of injury interventions. Her research spans

diverse topics including falls prevention, workplace

injuries, program evaluation and research translation.

Professor Shantha Rajaratnam

Professor Rajaratnam is an expert in sleep and

circadian science. His research aims to understand

how shift work and sleep disorders impact alertness,

safety, productivity and health. He has used innovativetechnologies to monitor alertness in occupational and

transportation settings.

Human resource management

Professor Greg Bamber

Professor Bamber researches human resource

management, workplace relations and international

industrial relations. He researches with and advises

governments and private sector organisations across

many industry sectors.

Workplace productivity

Dr Philip Riley

Dr Riley is an expert in adult learning and development

and is course leader for leadership and training programs.

Global business operations

Professor Amrik Sohal

Professor Sohals expertise includes operations and

supply chain management, logistics and technology

and innovation management.

BUSINESS OPERATIONS

Monash InjuryResearch Instituterecently workedwith Rio Tintoto support a reviewof their vehicle eet.

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Sustainabledevelopment

A commitment to sustainabledevelopment is critical for mining and

resource companies to maintain their

licence to operate in the community overall stages of a mine or wells life. It also

makes good business sense. Respondingto sustainability challenges is a keyresearch priority for Monash University.

Our innovative and cross-disciplinarywork in sustainable development ishaving a real-world impact in Australiaand overseas.

Sustainable development includespursuing opportunities to be more energy

efcient. It is estimated that energy costscurrently constitute as much as fteenper cent of total mining and mineral

processing input costs. Monashsstrengths in the area of energy researchare in energy storage, energy systems,renewables and clean energy. Such

solutions can help the mining industryto become more energy efcient, andtherefore manage operational costs and

achieve corporate sustainability goals.

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Tough stuff for toughenvironments

Monash researchers are helping to design safe and reliable

containment facilities for mining wastes.

To identify the right lining for the disposal of hazardous

waste in a mining environment pushes the performance

of geosynthetics beyond the limits typical for other

environmental and engineering applications. It requires highly

specialised research conducted in custom built facilities.

Geofabrics Australasia Pty Ltd (Geofabrics) is a

manufacturer of geosynthetic products used in road and

railway construction, mining and resources projects, landlland coastal engineering.

Brendan Swifte, Managing Director of Geofabrics supports

research into this area, stating design engineers are asked

to provide efcient and effective solutions to address theproblems faced by their clients. The more the engineer

understands about the interaction between the waste and

the lining system, the better the design outcome.

He says that mining wastes will vary widely, depending upon

the ore to be mined and processed. Some wastes are

very aggressive and the chemical interaction with the liningsystems can be very complex. To understand the nature of

the interaction requires technical expertise he says.

Professor Malek Bouazza is a world-leading researcher

in geosynthetics. He is a civil engineer, internationally

renowned for his research in geosynthetics and

environmental geotechnics.

At Monash, Professor Bouazzas team has the facilities to

run highly sophisticated laboratory tests and specialised

modelling of thermo-hydro-chemical permeability of liners to

rene the design of liner systems used in mining operations.

Brendan Swifte, says working with Professor Bouazza is

an excellent investment because Professor Bouazzasfocused research delivers practical outcomes that are

readily implemented within our industry.

Monash researchers are helpingto design safe and reliablecontainmentfacilities for mining wastes.

Deliveringimpact

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Sustainable practicesWorking principally through the Monash Sustainability Institute

(MSI), Monash University is partnering with academia, government

and private institutions to nd new solutions to todayssustainability challenges. Monash draws together the best minds

from the elds of science, economics, law, engineering, health andpsychology. MSI offers a range of sustainability programs:

Green Steps, a multi-award winning program that gives

students and people in the workplace the practical skills

to make their workplace practices more sustainable

BehaviourWorks Australia, a behavioural change research

centre for environmental sustainability

ClimateWorks Australia has substantial experience in working

with industry to identify opportunities for energy efciency

Carbon Decision Making and Risk Management tool to enable

businesses to best manage and mitigate their carbon liability.

Mine waste management

The mining industry often produces large quantities of solid waste.

For example large-scale open-cut coal mining requires the removal

of large amounts of overburden. With a general trend of declining

ore grades for most commodities, more waste is being generated

because higher quantities of ore need to be processed. The issueof mine waste provides a number of opportunities for innovative

engineering solutions for solid waste management.

Our research areas are:

application of industrial ecological tools to waste issues

creating wealth from mining wastes

sustainable resource management

carbon sequestration in mine tailings

abatement and prevention of acid rock drainage

and metal leaching

use of mining wastes in downstream economic activitiessuch as civil engineering construction.

Water treatment and managementWater is integral to most mining activities and is typically the

prime medium that carries pollutants into the wider environment.

Monashs capabilities in water research span many areas.

These include:

geosynthetic liners for containment and mine site remediation

aquatic chemistry and measuring the impact of human activity

on waterways

environmental analytical services in a NATA accredited laboratory

groundwater management, sustainability and impacts

from mining

stormwater treatment and control and water recycling

sustainable chemistry horizon opportunity to treat waste

water and improve chemical processes.

Sustainable chemistry

Mining chemicals and reagents play a vital role in mineral

extraction, but the costs of chemicals are increasing and many

are potentially damaging to the environment. Monash has been

leading green or sustainable chemistry for more than a decade.

We are designing new chemical products and processes that are

non-toxic, energy efcient, waste free and more economical.

Green Chemical Futures is a large-scale program at Monash

for supporting research and education in sustainable chemistry.

It includes a new purpose-built facility at the Clayton campus.

Green Chemical Futures also encompasses the Victorian Centre

for Sustainable Chemical Manufacturing (VCSCM) at Monash

and CSIRO, a research and training centre dedicated to assisting

industry to deploy more sustainable manufacturing processes

through sustainable chemistry. The VCSCM can help the mining

industry to change mining processes such as replacing solvents

and improving the treatment of tailing dams and waste water.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Monash Universitys engineering researcherProfessor Ana Deletic is helping Australian

businesses adoptnew technologies andsystems to manage water more sustainably.

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Monash research expertisecan help mining and resourcescompaniesplan and implement

their energy procurement andmanagement strategies

Energy materialsMonashs energy research program is focused on advanced

materials and technologies for highly efcient energy harvestingand energy storage. Areas of strength are:

electromaterials preparation and characterisation of ionic

liquids and other materials for energy storage including

batteries, electrodes, solar cells and electronic textiles

photovoltaics new solar cell concepts, from development

to commercialisation, including dye-sensitised and hybrid

organic-inorganic solar cells

solar fuels catalytic inorganic materials for use in water

splitting and carbon dioxide reduction

membranes polymer based membranes for gas separation

and fuel cells

graphene investigating converted graphenes for batteries,

solar cells, fuel cells and superconductors

high temperature energy materials.

Energy systems

Mining and resources companies have signicant energy needs.Monash research expertise can help mining and resources

companies plan and implement their energy procurement and

management strategies. This includes:

energy systems modelling, including a unique capability to

accelerate simulation speeds with high performance computers

smart grids with mobile sensors, and wireless

communications technologies

power systems analysis and design and intelligent plant remote

monitoring and management

a short course for industry about the business benets of smartgrids demand management.

Renewable energy sourcesMonash researchers are working to improve the efciency ofrenewable energy sources to make them a viable alternative to

coal-powered electricity and petroleum. Monashs core areas of

expertise in renewables are:

alternative fuels biofuels/bioenergy in different feedstocks

and production methods

wind energy fundamental aerodynamic research, wind

farm placement, wind turbine aerodynamics, and the

Monash Wind Tunnel fracture properties of rocks, energyproduction, continent and basin scale modelling and energy

content assessment

solar cells development of low cost and light weight dye

sensitised cells and organic cells as alternatives to silicon

wafer-based cells.

Clean technology

Monash researchers are investigating ways in which clean energy

can be produced from coal and pioneering technologies for

capturing carbon via geo-sequestration.

Our research includes:

brown coal drying technology, combustion and gasication,combined with co-processing with minerals

process efciency improvement through integration and simulation

geo-sequestration of carbon dioxide

pre and post combustion carbon dioxide capture technology.


Cuttingenergy costs

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Sustainable chemistry

Professor Milton Hearn

Professor Hearn is the Associate Director, Green

Chemical Futures and Director, Victorian Centre for

Sustainable Chemical Manufacturing. He has been

instrumental in expanding the eld of sustainablechemistry at a national and international level.

Energy materials

Professor Udo Bach

Professor Bach focuses on the development of novel

nanostructures for their application in solar cells and

sensors. Dye-sensitised solar cells are a major focus

of his work.

Energy systems and renewables

Dr Ariel Liebman

Dr Liebmans expertise is in modelling and simulation

of electricity markets using high performancecomputing platforms. He also specialises in simulation

and analysis of the economics of smart grids and

demand management.

Clean technology

Professor Sankar Bhattacharya

Professor Bhattacharyas research includes advanced

coal and biomass utilisation for power and fuels

production through gasication and combustion.He has undertaken research for multiple energy

companies and resource government departments.

Sustainable practices

Professor Dave Griggs

Professor Griggs is the director of the Monash

Sustainability Institute which delivers solutions to

sustainability challenges using a multidisciplinary,

partnership approach.

Mine waste management

Dr Mohan Yellishetty

Dr Yellishettys researches the development and

implementation of industrial ecological principles to

mining and minerals industries for the management of

environmental impacts. He has expertise in life cycle

assessment to achieve raw materials efciencies andacid rock drainage and mine waste management,

offering innovative solutions to mine site rehabilitation

and mine waste management.

Corporate responsibility and sustainability

Professor Bryan Horrigan

Professor Horrigan is Dean of the Faculty of Law

and has both academic expertise and professional

experience in the regulation and practice of corporate

social responsibility and sustainability in Australia

and internationally.

Water treatment and management

Professor Ana Deletic

Professor Deletic is a leading international researcher

in water. Her specialties are innovative designs for

stormwater harvesting systems and sustainable

wastewater planning.

Professor Malek Bouazza

Professor Bouazza is an expert in geosynthetics and

environmental geotechnics and gives specialist advice

to industry in Australia and overseas, particularly into

improving waste containment systems.

Our key people


Monash Solar Group. Photo: Eamon Ga llagher.

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Maintenance Technology Institute

The Maintenance Technology Institute was established in 1999

as a joint initiative between BHP Billiton and Monash Universityto provide comprehensive industry-focused research and

development. The focus of MTI is to optimise plant and equipment

performance for mining companies in Australia and internationally.

Australian Synchrotron

The Australian Synchrotron is one of Australias premier research

facilities, used to undertake cutting edge geosciences research.

The facility enables the use of techniques unavailable via

conventional methods, leading to research discoveries which

impact all aspects of resources production, from exploration

and mining through to minerals processing.

CAVE2

CAVE2 is a virtual reality environment that enables scientists to

manipulate ultra-high-resolution visualisations of data. It is the

most advanced facility of its type in the world, an immersive

hybrid 2D and 3D visualisation tool comprising 80 LCD panels

in an eight metre, 320-degree, curved-wall formation. These

capabilities are underpinned by an ultra-high speed 10 gigabit

per second connection to the Monash network to support

collaborative research.

Monashs centres and institutes conduct ground-breaking

research across a diverse range of areas. We have a strong,

integrated network of world-class technology research platforms

to underpin our research effort, as well as provide access to ourindustry and collaborative research partners.

See monash.edu/research/centres and platforms.monash.edu

Division of Mining and Resources Engineering

This division provides mining engineering education and research.

It was established in 2013 in response to industry demand for

mining engineering graduates. The division builds on Monashs

reputation for high quality teaching and research in engineering.

Newcrest Mining Limited and MMG Limited are founding

supporters of the division. The division is based at the Clayton

campus, with opportunities to link into Monashs campuses in

Malaysia, India and China.

Institute of Railway Technology

The Institute of Railway Technology (IRT) is the premier track and

vehicle railway research centre in Australia. IRT is one of the main

technology service providers to heavy haul railway operations and

leading mass transit railway systems, and provides a one-stop

technology access point for the international railway industry. IRT

evolved from BHPs Melbourne Research Laboratories in January

2000, and has been advancing the railway industry through

technology for over 40 years.

Centres ofresearch excellence and facilities

CAVE2. CONNECTOME image courtesy of University of Illinois. Photo: Philip Chan.

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Monash Centre for Electron Microscopy

The centre provides advanced instrumentation, expertise and

training in electron microscopy and atom probe microscopy,enabling researchers to solve key problems in the physical

sciences and engineering. The centres suite of instrumentation

can determine the composition, structure and bonding of materials

down to the atomic scale.

Monash e-Research Centre

The centre provides specialist advice and customised e-research

solutions, including high performance computing, modelling and

simulation facilities, storage and management of research data,

advanced collaboration platforms, visualisation platforms and

specialised server hosting.

Monash Wind Tunnel

The Monash Wind Tunnel is a low-speed aerodynamic testing

facility. It is the largest wind tunnel in the southern hemisphere and

is open to industry partners, academics and students. The Wind

Tunnel undertakes aerodynamic and wind noise research and

development services for various industries.

MAXIMA Monash Academy for Cross and

Interdisciplinary Mathematical Applications

MAXIMA uses high-end mathematical expertise to solve complexresearch, societal and industrial problems via collaborative

research and consultancy projects. MAXIMA expertise includes

modelling and simulation, optimisation, probability and stochastic

processes, design of experiments, data mining, numerical

analysis, continuum mechanics, particle mechanics and

dynamical systems.

Green Chemical Futures

The Green Chemical Futures program will bring together cutting-

edge educational spaces with Monash Universitys world-

leading capacity in green chemistry research and innovation.

The initiative also focuses on partnerships including helping

businesses nd ways to lower energy consumption, use lesswater, produce less pollution, and achieve greater sustainability

in their production processes.

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Monash alumni

Peter Meurs BE (Mech) (Hons) 1981

Director Developments, Fortescue

Mr Meurs commenced at Fortescue Metal group in 2010 and

became an executive director in February 2013. Before joining

Fortescue Mr Meurs held the position of Managing Director

at Worley Parsons.

Mr Meurs has a Bachelor Degree in Mechanical Engineering

from Monash University. He said I have great memories of my

years at Monash. As a result of the example and encouragementof great teachers like Professor Kenneth Hunt I developed a

passion for innovation and challenging current practice which

has continued with me.

During my career I have been blessed with many opportunities

to try new things including the application of new techniques

for installing offshore pipelines, strengthening offshore oil and

gas platforms, new approaches to designing and documenting

instrumentation systems, alliance style relationship contract

development and most recently delivering a major iron ore

expansion for 30 per cent less capital and about half the

schedule of established industry norms. Ive also had the

opportunity to play a part in the development of two of Australias

great companies Worley Parsons and now Fortescue Metals.

Peter Coleman BEng, MBA

CEO and Managing Director, Woodside

Peter Coleman has 29 years experience in the global oil

and gas industry. He joined Australias largest independentoil and gas company, Woodside, in 2011 as CEO and

Managing Director.

Prior to joining Woodside he held a range of executive roles at

ExxonMobil including Vice President Development, which saw

him responsible for leading all development and project work inthe Asia-Pacic.

My time at Monash University provided me with the gift of

knowledge and the drive to constantly inquire and better myself

thank you for helping me full my potential.

Monash University provided

me with thegift of knowledge

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Mining and resource companies can engage withMonash University through a variety of mechanisms.

Specic contract research

We have expertise across many areas of research. We can provide you with direct access to

Monash researchers and their facilities and develop a tailored research project that works for

you. In a research contract, you can specify the research to be carried out that will help you

obtain a commercial outcome for your business.

We can:

identify and facilitate meetings with Monash research teams

provide advice and negotiate the commercial aspects of an agreement

review legal documents and coordinate legal advice.

Consultancy

You may wish to purchase the skills and expertise of university staff and equipment to help

resolve a specic problem or gain competitive advantage.

We offer:

technical expertise and advice

specialist testing facilities

bespoke management development and training

expert witnesses

academics for advisory boards.

Monash Consulting Services can connect your organisation to internationally respected experts

across a diverse range of elds including science, engineering, health sciences, economics,sustainability and education. Monash Consulting Services simplies the process of companiesengaging with Monash by locating required expertise, managing all contractual negotiations and

the administrative details related to consulting.

Collaboration through leveraging government funding

The Australian Government has a range of funding programs such as the Australian Research

Council (ARC) schemes to foster and support collaborative research and development between

university researchers and external partner organisations.

For organisations with research-related challenges and opportunities, these programs are a

cost effective way of engaging in research with Monash University.

Licensing

Monash is recognised for its success in developing new products and services with our

commercial partners including the commercialisation of inventions and development ofintellectual property.

Opportunitiesfor collaboration

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Mining and resources

Documents

Transcript of Mining and resources