Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)
Click here to load reader
-
Upload
maryam-iqbal -
Category
Education
-
view
290 -
download
15
Transcript of Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)
![Page 1: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Minimal pairtest (vowels in
Urdu)
1
![Page 2: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Contents Page no
Minimal pair………………………….. 3
Why minimal pair test………………... 4
Four golden rules……………………... 5
Examples from English……………….. 6-7
Introduction of Urdu language….......... 8
Vowels…………………………………. 9
Examples from Urdu………………….. 10-14
Conclusion……………………………. 15
2
![Page 3: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Minimal pair
In phonology minimal pairs are pairs of
words or phrases in a particular
language, which differ in only one
phonological element, such as a phone,
phoneme and have distinct meanings.
3
![Page 4: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Why minimal pair test..?
Minimal pairs are useful because they
help us to figure out whether a sound is a
phoneme (separate sound) or an
allophone (variation of the same sound.)
4
![Page 5: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Four Golden Rules
Here are four golden rules for minimal pairs:
1. They must have the same number of
sounds.
2. They must be identical in every sound
except for one.
3. The sound that is different must be in the
same position in each word.
4. The words must have different meanings.
5
![Page 6: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Examples from English[i:] with [ɪ]
Heat Hit
/hi:t/ /hɪt/
6
![Page 7: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
[i:] with [ɪ]
7
![Page 8: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Introduction to Urdu
'Urdu' and its origin
The term Urdu originates from a Turkish word ordu
meaning camp or army. The Urdu language
developed between the Muslim soldiers of the
Mughals armies who belonged to various ethnicities
like Turks, Arabs, Persians, Pathans, Balochis,
Rajputs, Jats and Afghans
It is for this reason that Urdu is also referred to as
Lashkari Zaban or language of the army.
8
![Page 9: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
VowelsIn phonetics, a vowel is a sound in
spoken language, such as
an English ah! [ɑː] or oh! [əʊ], pronounced
with an open vocal tract so that there is no
build-up of air pressure at any point above
the glottis.
9
![Page 10: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Examples from Urdu
1. [I:] with [i~:] with [e]
Gai [gai:]
replace [i] with [i~:]
Gain [gai~:]
Now replace [i] with [e]
Gaye [gae:]
10
![Page 11: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Test of four rulesSound creates a whole new word. Here is a test of
four golden rules for minimal pairs:
Number of segments= 3
Identical= [ga_]
Sound that is different must be in the same
position = [i:] , [e] and [i~:]
Words must have different meanings= Gai [to go,
fem, singular form] , [gai~:] [to go, fem, plural
form], [gae] [to go, masculine, plural form]
11
![Page 12: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
2. [e] with [ɪ]
khailna [ khelna ] [to play]
Now replace [e] with [ɪ]
khilna [ khɪlna ][blossom]
12
![Page 13: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
3. [æ] with [i:]
Teer [ t̪i:r ] [arrow] تیر
Now replace [i:] with [æ]
Tair [ t̪ æ r ] [swim] تیر
13
![Page 14: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
4. [ə] with [æ]
phal [ ph əl ] [fruit]
Now replace [ə] with [æ]
phail [ph æl]
14
![Page 15: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Conclusion
This dissertation investigates the role of minimal
contrast of vowels in Urdu language. The
experimental results indicate that [I:], [i~:],[æ], [i:],
[o], [ʊ], [ɔ] ,[ɔ~],[ɔ],[ʊ] ,[u] ,[e] ,[ɪ] ,[e] , [a], [ɪ] , [ɪ~]
are contrastive and separate phonemes in Urdu
language.
15
![Page 16: Minimal pair test( urdu vowels)](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102414/55a5f0da1a28ab05328b45d8/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Thank you..
Healthy Arguments will be appreciated
16