MINERALS TYvye0CVbU0.
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Transcript of MINERALS TYvye0CVbU0.
A grouping of atoms - Molecule
Most common molecule in Earth’s crust • Silica Tetrahedron
Composed of …
1 silicon atom
4 oxygen atoms
MINERALS• Naturally occurring• Inorganic (never
alive)• Definite chemical
composition• Crystal structure
because of the internal arrangement of atoms
A mineral is the building block of rocks
Native Minerals– Made of single
elements• Gold (Au)• Copper (Cu)• Sulfur (S)
Compound Minerals– Made of two or
more elements• Silicate Family
– A compound of silicon and oxygen
– 90% of the Earth’s crust is composed of silicates
Examples:–
Quartz SiO2
–Olivine (Fe,Mg)2Sio4
Chemical formula:
CChemical formula:
C
Graphite Diamond
How can 2 minerals with the same composition be so different?
b. Luster
Appearance of the mineral surface in reflected light, how the mineral shines
Metallic – looks like a metal Non-Metallic
e. CleavageTendency of minerals to split along repeated
smooth, flat planes.
Look for places where the mineral might have split along flat and sometimes shiny planes that usually reflect light well.
Look for stairsteps, sheets, squares, cubes
ROCK
Composed of one or more minerals
Classified by
1. Origin – how they were formed
2. Mineral Content
3. Texture