MINE AWARENESS INSTRUCTOR. PURPOSE To increase individual soldier understanding of the mine and...
-
Upload
nathaniel-king -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
2
Transcript of MINE AWARENESS INSTRUCTOR. PURPOSE To increase individual soldier understanding of the mine and...
MINE AWARENESS
INSTRUCTOR
PURPOSE
To increase individual soldier understanding of the mine and unexploded ordnance (UXO) threat in the former Republic of Yugoslavia and develop countermine skills in order to protect the force while conducting all operations during operation Joint Endeavor.
TRAINING OBJECTIVES“WHAT YOU WANT TO WALK AWAY WITH”
• STEPS TO TAKE WHEN YOU ENCOUNTER A MINE OR UXO
• KNOW THE INDICATORS OF MINES AND BOOBYTRAPS
• KNOW THE V CORPS CONVOY MINE STRIKE DRILL
RISK MANAGEMENT & REDUCTION
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION:
-1 MILLION MINES
RISK MANAGEMENT & REDUCTION:
EXTREMELY HIGH
HAZARD CONTROLS
ONE MILLIONUNCLEARED
MINES
• STAY ON APPROVED ROUTES
• STOP, AVOID, REPORT, MARK
• SITUATIONAL AWARENESS
• LAND NAVIGATION
• DEVELOP MINE SENSE
“A SOLDIER WHO IS NOT ENGAGED WITH DIRECT OR INDIRECT FIRE SHOULD NEVER BECOME A CASUALTY”
MINE AWARENESS
“MINE WARFARE DURING PEACE SUPPORT OPERATIONS”, DISPATCHES, LFC HQ (CDN)
ACTIONS UPON DETECTION
• STOP
• AVOID
• REPORT
• MARK
• CONTINUE MISSION?
EXAMPLE REPORTING FORMAT GREEN 1
1. DTG OBSTACLE LOCATED
2. UNIT LOCATING OBSTACLE
3. OBSTACLE TYPE
4. GRID LOCATION
5. TRIP WIRES (YES OR NO)
6. ANTI-HANDING DEVICES (YES OR NO)
7. LOCATION OF BYPASS/BREACH
8. MINEFIELD MARKED (YES OR NO)
9. REMARKS
ESTIMATED NUMBER OFUNCLEARED MINES IN THEATRES
LOCATION LANDMINES (MILLIONS)AFGHANISTAN 9 -10KUWAIT - IRAQ 5 - 7 + 5 -10ANGOLA 9SOMALIA 1 - 1.5RWANDA UNK - EST THOUSANDSMOZAMBIQUE 2BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA 1CROATIA 1CAMBODIA 4-7
STATISTICS FROM US DEPT OF STATE POLITICAL - MILITARY AFFAIRS REPORT (1993) “MINE WARFARE DURING PEACE SUPPORT OPERATIONS”, DISPATCHES, LFC HQ (CDN)
WAR RELATED CASUALTIESIN IFOR (DEC 1995)
“MINE WARFARE DURING PEACE SUPPORT OPERATIONS”, DISPATCHES, LFC HQ (CDN)
CAUSE
MINES & UXO
INDIRECT FIRE
DIRECT FIRE
WOUNDED
131
162
111
KILLED
12
8
18
MINE TYPES
• ANTI-PERSONNEL - DESIGNED TO KILL OR MAIM DISMOUNTED TROOPS
• ANTI-TANK - DESIGNED TO DESTROY OR DISABLE TRACK OR WHEELED VEHICLES
• CHEMICAL - DESIGNED TO DISPENSE SMOKE, CS OR MORE DANGEROUS BIOLOGICAL OR CHEMICAL AGENTS
FUZE TYPES
• PRESSURE
• OVER PRESSURE/DELAY
• SEISMIC
• MAGNETIC
• CHEMICAL
• TRIP WIRE (PUSH/PULL)
• COMMAND DETONATED
MINE REMOVAL US ARMY DOCTRINE ON HANDLING MINES AND
UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE:
US FORCES SHOULD NOT ATTEMPT TO DISARM OR PHYSICALLY MOVE ENEMY OR UNOBSERVED US MINES. OUR GOAL IS TO DESTROY MINES IN PLACE.
VISUAL DETECTION
• SURFACE LAID MINES ARE USUALLY VISIBLE• SIGNS OF ROAD REPAIR (NEW FILL, PAVING,
ROAD PATCHES, DITCHING OR CULVERT WORK)
• WIRES LEADING AWAY FROM THE ROAD• ODD FEATURES OR PATTERNS• PIECES OR WOOD OR DEBRIS ON ROAD.• SIGNS TREES, POSTS OR STAKES.• DAMAGED VEHICLES OR DEAD ANIMALS.
LIKELY LOCATIONS FORMINES AND BOOBYTRAPS
• MOUNTAIN PASSES AND NARROW ROADS WITH NO SHOULDERS OR BYPASSES
• OLD CHECK POINTS AND BATTLEFIELDS• ALONG OBSTACLE BYPASSES• OBVIOUS REST AREAS/CLEARINGS ALONG
ROADS• ABANDONED BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES• ABANDONED WEAPONS AND TRINKETS
ATTRACTIVE TO SOUVENIR HUNTERS
OTHER DETECTION METHODS
• LOCAL CIVILIANS MAY KNOW WHERE MINES AND BOOBYTRAPS ARE LOCATED IN THE AO.
• LOCAL MILITIA FORCES MAY BE ABLE TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE IN LOCATING TACTICAL MINEFIELDS.
• LOCALLY KNOWN MARKING SYSTEMS (ROCK PILES, BROKEN BRANCHES ON TREES, CROSSED STICKS ON ROADS)
MNHE
MINE
MINIRANO
MINEFIELD WARNING SIGNS
MINEFIELD MARKING IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA
EXPEDIENT MARKING IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA
This symbol can be painted on, with or without the triangle.
Three hash marks.
FORMER YUGOSLAVIANMINE EMPLOYMENT
MRUD Command Firing Position
PMR 2
1 M
50 cm
MRUDs
PMA 2s
MINEFIELD PROTECTING A MUNITIONS DUMP
ROAD OBSTACLES
Buried TMA3sBlocking Bypass
SmallRoad
RoadwayBerm AcrossRoad with4 TMA3s.
2 M
1.5 M TMA3
Berm Cross Section
FORMER YUGOSLAVIANMINE EMPLOYMENT
RURAL ROADBLOCKBURIEDTMA 3s
FORMER YUGOSLAVIANMINE EMPLOYMENT
XXX
XXX
PMR 2sIN SERIES
SURFACELAID TMA 3s
FABRICATEDDRAGONS TEETH
CMTC LESSONS LEARNED
• ATTACH TOW CABLE TO THE BACK OF VEHICLES TO EASE EXTRACTION OF CASUALTIES AND DISABLED VEHICLES
• EVERY VEHICLE CARRIES A MINE/UXO MARKING KIT
• LEAD CONVOYS WITH A HARDENED OR MINE RESISTANT VEHICLE
• TIE DOWN EQUIPMENT IN THE VEHICLE
SMALL UNIT METHODS TODECREASE VULNERABILITY
• CHECK WITH HIGHER TO CONFIRM ROUTE IS CLEARED BEFORE MOVING
• AVOID PREDICTABILITY
• SAND BAG AND HARDEN SOFT SKIN VEHICLES
• KNOW UNIT SOP FOR MINE RECON
• MARK AND REPORT!!!
EXPEDIENT MARKING
MINES
MARKING RULES
• CLEARLY VISIBLE FROM ALL DIRECTIONS OF TRAVEL
• SEMI-PERMANENT
• MARKING TECHNIQUE DOES NOT JEOPARDIZE MARKING CREW
• REPORT MARKING TO HIGHER
MINE STRIKE
• IF A VEHICLE IN A CONVOY ON A PREVIOUSLY CLEARED ROUTE STRIKES A MINE, ALL OTHER VEHICLES IN THE CONVOY IMMEDIATELY STOP.
• MOVING OFF THE ROAD OR TOWARDS THE SHOULDERS (HERRING BONE) COULD EXPOSE MORE VEHICLES TO MINES.
• SECURITY IS PROVIDED BY MAINTAINING VEHICLE SPACING AND ALTERNATING VEHICLE MOUNTED WEAPONS.
• DISMOUNTED MOVEMENT SHOULD BE RESTRICTED UNTIL A PATH TO THE DISABLED VEHICLE IS CLEARED AND MARKED.
• METT-T WILL DICTATE WHEN THE CONVOY CAN CONTINUE MOVEMENT.
V CORPS MINE STRIKE PROCEDURESWITH ENGINEERS IN THE CONVOY
• CONVOY CDR HALTS CONVOY AND REPORTS TO HIGHER
• NO VEHICLE MOVEMENT OR DISMOUNTING SOLDIERS
• 360 DEGREE SECURITY PROVIDED FROM VEHICLES
• SENIOR ENGINEER DIRECTS CLEARANCE OPERATIONS THROUGH CONVOY COMMANDER
• SWEEP TEAM CLEARS FOOTPATH TO INJURED PERSONNEL; BEGIN FIRST AID
• SWEEP TEAM CLEARS AN LZ
• LOCATED MINES CLEARLY MARKED
• UNIT CLEARS WRECKAGE AND FILLS MINE CRATER
• ROAD GUARDS GUIDE VEHICLES AROUND MINES
• MINES CLEARED AFTER CONVOY MOVES OUT OF AREA
• UNIT CONTINUES MISSION
SELF/UNIT EXTRACTION
• FREEZE (STOP ALL MOVEMENT IN AREA)• LEADER REPORTS TO HIGHER AND
DESIGNATES PATH TO CLEAR THROUGH MINEFIELD
• EXTRACTION ELEMENT PROBES AND MARKS A CLEARED PATH; CHECKS FOR TRIP WIRES AND BURIED MINES; MARKS PATH AND MINES
• OTHER ELEMENTS PROBE TO CLEARED PATH• EVACUATE CASUALTIES BY PROBING; DRAG TO
PATH AND EVACUATE AS REQUIRED.
MINE AWARENESSTACTICAL HINT
REGARDLESS OF THE ARMORED VEHICLE, WHEN THE MINE THREAT IS HIGHER THAN THE DIRECT FIRE THREAT, KEEP YOUR HATCHES “CRACKED” OPEN AN INCH OR TWO. THAT WAY, IF YOU DRIVE OVER A MINE, THE OVERPRESSURE FROM THE EXPLOSION WILL HAVE AN ESCAPE IF THE HULL IS PENETRATED.
“MINE WARFARE DURING PEACE SUPPORT OPERATIONS”, DISPATCHES, LFC HQ (CDN)
Former YugoslavianMine Employment
AT (Full Width) Minefields
9-12 M
20- 40 M
Former YugoslavianMine Employment
AT (Pressure) Minefields
4-5.5 M
20- 40 M
FORMER YUGOSLAVIANMINE EMPLOYMENT
URBAN ROADBLOCK
PMR-2s
XXX
SURFACE LAIDTMA 3s
FABRICATEDDRAGONS TEETH
TRIP WIRE CONNECTINGMINES TOGETHER
REVIEW•Understand the mine threat risk reduction measures.•Know the indicators of mines and booby traps.•Steps to take when you encounter mines, UXO, or booby traps.•Understand expedient marking systems.•Be familiar with the V Corps convoy mine strike drill.