1.1 Understanding that microorganism is a living things

Microorganism

Bacteria Fungi Protozua Virus

Cannot see with naked eyes

GrowMoveBreathe

Characteristics

Cause thedough rise

• Rotten oranges• Mouldy rice

tiny

1.1 Understanding that some microorganism are harmful and some are useful

Some Organisms Are Harmful AndSome Are Useful

Useful Harmful

Can cause

Illness Foodpoisoning

Food stale

Toothdecay

Making bread/tapai/tempe/fertilizer

Prevention

Disease

Stomach upset

Measles/cough

Tooth decay

Conjunctivitic/mumps

Washing hand

Drink boiled water

Covering mouth & nose when coughing& sneezing

2.1Survival of Animal

Species

Examples animals that take care of their eggs and young.

how animals take care of Their eggs and young.

Why animals take care of their eggs and young.

Bird - Eggs with shell coveringFrog - Eggs are thick, slimy and having bad smellSpider - kept in a bag underneath its bodyFish - keep their young in their mouthsSnake, Tiger - attack in order to protect their eggs Turtle - hide their eggsKangaroo - carry their young in their pouches Elephant - stay in herds

2.3Importance

Shortage of food resource

Animals and plants species may face extinction.

Bird, Frog, Spider, Fish, Snake,turtle, Kangroo, Elephant

To ensure the survival of their species

2.2Survival of Plant

Species

Water

Explosive mechanism

Wind

Animal

• Light

• Air Space in the fruits

• Not water absorbent

• Light

• Small in size

• Winged

• Dry when ripe

• Explodes when mature

• Brightly coloured

• Edible

• Have smells

• Have hook

• Coconut

• Lily

• Shorea

• Angsana

• Lalang

• Rubber fruit

• Balsam fruit

• Chestnut

• Rambutan

• Mango

• Love grass

• Mimosa

Agents of dispersal Special characteristic Examples

3.1 Food Chain

Animals and the food they eat

Classify animals into herbivore, carnivore

and omnivore.Producer Consumer Construct food chain

Green plant obtain energy from

the sun to make food. Green

Plant as a producer

Herbivore :Animals that eat plants only.

e.g.: cow, goat, deer

Carnivore:Animals that eat other animals.

e.g.: tiger, lion

Omnivore:Animals that eat plants and

other animals

Animals that eat plantor other animals

are called consumers.

The food relationshipamong living things

can be shown bya food chain.

To construct food chain It must start

with plant as a producer.

In a food chainthe arrow

means ‘eaten by’

All living things need food to survive.

Green plant can make theirown food. However

animals cannot make their own make

their own food.

3.2 Synthesizing food chainto construct food web.

Food web

What will happenIf there is a change in population of a certainspecies in a food web

Foodweb of different

habitats

What will happento a certain species

of animals if theyeat only one type

of food

Paddy field

garden

A change in the populationof a certain species

will effect the Population of other species

They will face difficultyto survive – if the

Source of food runs out

1 Energy

2 Electricity

3 Light

4 Heat

INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

ENERGY 1.1 The Uses of Energy

Why energy is needed?

- by living things to carry out life processes. Ex : moving, breathing, growing

The Sources of Energy

Sun

- main source of energy- produces light and heat

Food

- food contains stored energy

Wind

- Moving air- Used to pump water, drive small sawmills

- to move, boil, melt, or bounce non-living things

FuelBatteries

- wood, coal, petroleum, natural gas

- device that generated electrical energy from chemical energy

Water

- moving or falling water produce energy

INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

ENERGY 1.2 Energy can be transformed from one form to another

Form of energySound energy

Heat energy

Light energy Electrical energy Kinetic energy

Chemical energy

Potential energy

Energy can betransformed

a) lighting a candle Chemical energy → heat energy + light energy

b) Kicking a ball Chemical energy → kinetic energy → heat energy

Example of appliance that make use of energy transform

a) Electric iron Electrical energy → heat energy

b) Radio Electrical energy → sound energy

c) Television Electrical energy → sound energy + light energy

INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

ENERGY

1.3 Renewable and Non-renewable Energy

Renewable energy

Energy that cannot be replaced

Resources –solar, wind,biomass fuel,water

Non-renewable energy

Energy that be replenished when it is used up

Resources –natural gas,petroleum,coal

Why use energy wiselyHow to use energy

Some energyresources cannotbe replenishedwhen used up

To savecost

Avoid wastage

Reducepollution

Turn off thetelevision whenno onewatching it

Switch off thelights beforegoing to leavethe room

Electricity Sources

Dry cell

Accumulator

Dynamo

Solar cell

Type of circuit

Name Symbol

Dry cell

Connecting wire

Switch

Bulb

Symbol and componentParallel circuit Series circuit

Precautions

Differences

The bulb in the parallel circuit is brighter then the bulb in the series circuit

Danger of mishandling electrical appliances

Fire Burn

Electric shock Electrocution

Safety precautions to be taken when using

appliances

Do not touch electrical appliances with wet hand

Do not repair electrical appliances on your own

Light

Can be reflected

How ?

Uses of reflection

Side mirror of a car

Periscope Kaleidoscope

Travel in a straight line

How shadow is formed

When light is completely or partially blocked by an opaque

object

The light that falls on objects ‘bounces off’ the objects and comes to your eyes

mirror

Shadow form

Opaque object

Light

Heat Gain

Loss Cooler

Warmer

How to measure temperature using the correct technique

The effects of heat on matter

Matter expands when heated

Matter contract when cooled

Investigating Materials

1.1 Matter exist in the form of solid, liquid or gas

solid liquid gas

has mass

Properties of solid Properties of liquid Properties of gas

fixed volume

fixed shape

has mass

examples

water milk air

no permanent shape

fixed volume

stem

wood

stone

can't fixed shape

has mass

Can't fixed volume

can compressed

1.2 CHANGING STATES OF

WATER

gas - liquid

liquid - gas

liquid - gas

solid - liquid melting

Boiling

Affected by windy and hot weather

evaporation

condensation

Freezing

1.31.3

Understanding the water cycle.Understanding the water cycle.

Circulation of water in Circulation of water in the environment.the environment.

Formation of clouds Formation of clouds and rain. and rain. Importance of water.Importance of water.

Changes in the states of Changes in the states of matter in the water cyclematter in the water cycle

Liquid to gas (evaporation)Liquid to gas (evaporation)Droplets of water will Droplets of water will become bigger andbecome bigger and heavier →heavier → rain

evaporation

condensation

sea

Gas → liquid (Condensation) Gas → liquid (Condensation)

1.41.4

Appreciating the importance Appreciating the importance

of water resources.of water resources.

To prevent living aquatic from being To prevent living aquatic from being destroyed and undergoing extinctiondestroyed and undergoing extinction

Reasons to keep our Reasons to keep our water resources clean. water resources clean. To ensure the cleanliness To ensure the cleanliness

of water supplyof water supply

To regulate To regulate the formation of the formation of clouds and rainclouds and rain

To avoid infected To avoid infected diseasesdiseases

Ways to keep our water Ways to keep our water resources clean resources clean

Keep the rivers cleanKeep the rivers clean Cleanliness campaignCleanliness campaign

2.1 The properties of acid, 2.1 The properties of acid,

alkaline and neutral substances.alkaline and neutral substances.

Identify the taste of acidic Identify the taste of acidic and alkaline food.and alkaline food.

Identify acidic, alkalineIdentify acidic, alkaline and neutral substances and neutral substances

using litmus paper. using litmus paper.

• Conclude the properties of Conclude the properties of acidic, alkaline and neutral acidic, alkaline and neutral substances.substances.

Changes in colour Changes in colour of litmus papersof litmus papers

blue to redblue to red red to bluered to blue

no changeno change

bitterbitter soursour

Properties of alkaliProperties of alkali

Properties of acidProperties of acid

Properties of Properties of neutral substancesneutral substancesTaste bitter & change Taste bitter & change

red litmus paper bluered litmus paper blue

Taste sour & change Taste sour & change blue litmus paper redblue litmus paper red

Other tastes – Other tastes – no changes in litmus paperno changes in litmus paper

acidacid alkalinealkaline

neutralneutral

INVESTIGATING THE EARTH

AND THE UNIVERSE

Show directions

Indicates Seasons

A group of stars that form a

certain pattern in the sky

Importance of constellation

Identify constellation

What constellation is

1.1 Understanding the constellation

Constellation

Big dipper

Scorpion

Orion

Southern Cross

North

NorthSouth April – June

Kite or Cross

Scorpion

Hunter

Water dipper

south

December - January

June - August

planting harvesting

desert

sea

2.1 The movements

of the Earth, the Moon and the Sun

Earth rotates on it axis

Earth rotates and at the same time

moves around the sun

Moon rotates on it axis

Moon rotates and at the same time

moves around the Earth

The Moon and the Earth move

round the Sun at the same time

The earth rotates on its axis from west to east

The changes in length and position

of the shadow throughout the day

THE EARTH , THE MOON AND THE SUN

2.2 The occurrence of day and night

It is day time for the part of the Earth facing the Sun.

It is night time for the part of the Earth facing

away from the Sun.

Day and night occurdue to the rotation of the Earth

on its axis.

the Sun the Earth

night-timenight-time

daytimedaytime

axisaxis

westwest easteast

2.3 Phases Of The Moon

The Moon Does Not Emit Light

The Moon appear bright when it reflect sunlight

Describe the phases of the moon

1-New moon, 3- New half moon, 5- Full moon

7- Old half moon

INVESTIGATING TECHNOLOGY

1.1 The shapes of objects in a structure

The shape of objects Identify shape in structure

CuboidCube Cylinder

Sphere ConePyramid

Sphere

Cylinder

Strength and

Stability

Shapes of objects that are stable

The factors that affect stability of objects

How base area affects stability

How height affects stability

1.2 The strength

and stability

of a structure

The factors that affect the strength of a structure

Design a model thatis strong and stable

Cube, cone, cylinder

Height , base area

Bigger base area more stableSmaller base area less stable

Lower object more stableHigher object less stable

Types of materials usedSteel ,Iron, Wood

Suggested design strong and stableBridge – one with manila card

one with wood