Net Migratory BalanceThe Americas and Europe

Jorge Durand UdG

"Shifting Contexts and Patterns of Migration - Comparing Europe and

Central-North-America“

COLMEX, 24-25 de mayo

EU: net migratory balance

EU: RECEIVING COUNTRIESCOUNTRIES Total Population Emigrants % Immigrants % Balance + 3

Luxemburg 556.1 12.1 42.2 +30.1

Espain 46.4 2.6 14.2 +11.6

Sweden 9.7 3.7 15.1 +11.4

Belgium 11.2 4.7 15.2 +10.5

Austria 8.5 6.2 16.5 +10.3

Slovenia 2.1 8.3 17.7 +9.4

Germany 80.9 5.1 13.8 +8.7

France 66.2 3.3 11.3 +8.0

The Neederlands 16.9 6 11.7 +5.7

Cyprus 1.2 13 18.2 +5.2

DenmarK 5.6 4.7 9.9 +5.2

Italy 61.3 4.9 9.6 +4.7

United Kingdom 64.5 8 12.2 +4.2

Historical and regional immigration UK. Top 10

Espain: Top 10

Morocco

EU: COUNTRIES IN MIGRATORYBALANCE

Countrie Total Pop.

Emigrants%

Immigrants%

Balance+ or - 3

Czech Rep. 10.5 5 7.1 +2.1

Estonia 1.3 14.5 15 +0.5

Hungría 9.9 5.8 4.8 -1.0

Letonia 2.0 17 16.1 -0.9

Ireland 4.6 17 16.4 -0.6

Finland 5.5 5.8 5.4 -0.4

Greece 11.0 9.1 9 -0.1Fuente: Elaboración propia con base en Ratha, D., Eigen-Zucchi, C., & Plaza, S. (2016). Migration and remittancesFactbook 2016. World Bank Publications. Datos a 2013 Nota: Población en **miles, *millones

EU: SENDING COUNTRIESPaís Population Emigrants

%Immigrants%

Balance- 3

Bulgaria 7.2 19.5 1.2 -18.3

Malta 427.4 26 8.1 -17.9

Rumania 19.9 17.2 1 -16.2

Lituania 2.9 19.9 7.5 -12.4

Portugal 10.4 19.4 8.5 -10.9

Polonia 38.0 10.2 1.7 -8.5

Eslovaquia 5.4 10.9 2.9 -8.0

Croacia 4.2 20.9 17.8 -3.1Fuente: Elaboración propia con base en Ratha, D., Eigen-Zucchi, C., & Plaza, S. (2016). Migration and remittancesFactbook 2016. World Bank Publications. Datos a 2013 Nota: Población en **miles, *millones

Portugal: immigration & emigration

Portugal(Immigration)

8.5%

Brazil

Angola

Ukraine

Romania

Venezuela

Germany

Guinea - Bissau

Cabo Verde

Mozambique

France

Portugal(Emmigration)

19.4%

South Africa

Germany

Unites States

Spain

The United Kingdom

Switzerland

France

Brazil

Canada

Luxembourg

pp 210

Europe

• Intra regional migration, circulation (Schengen)

• East Europe is a sending “region” to EU

• Africa, Middle East and Asian immigration isrelevant

• The colonial link (History, lenguage, culture)

• The connection of southern Europe with LAC

MIGRATORORYBALANCE

IN THE

RECEIVING COUNTRIES

Countries Population Emigrants %

Immigrants %

Balance+ 6

Canadá 35.,5 3.8 21.1 +17.3

Estados Unidos

318.9 1.0 14.6 +13.6

Costa Rica 4.8 2.8 8.8 +6

Fuente: Elaboración propia con base en Ratha, D., Eigen-Zucchi, C., & Plaza, S. (2016). Migration and remittancesFactbook 2016. World Bank Publications. Datos a 2013 Nota: Población en **miles, *millones

Top 10 sending countries to Canada

Canadá21.1%

China

The Phillippines

Italy

Vietman

Poland

The United Kingdom

Unites States

Germany

Hong Kong SAR

India

pp91

Top 10 Sending countries to USA

Estados Unidos14.6%

China

The Phillippines

Puerto Rico

VietmanEl Salvador

Cuba

Mexico

The Republic of Korea

The Dominican Republic

India

pp 260

United States , inmigration

regional & global

LAC: SENDING C0UNTRIES Countries Population Emigrants Immigrants % Balance + 3

El Salvador 6.1 25.0 0.7 -24.3

Cuba 11.4 13.1 0.1 -13

Haití 10.6 13.2 0.4 -12.8

Paraguay 6.6 14.8 2.8 -12

Nicaragua 6.0 10.6 0.7 -9.9

México 12.5 10.7 0.9 -9.8

Honduras 8-0 8.4 0.4 -8

Uruguay 3.4 10.0 2.3 -7.7

R Dominicana 10.4 13.4 5.9 -7.5

Bolivia 10.6 8.5 1.1 -7.4

Guatemala 16.0 6.7 0.5 -6.2

Ecuador 15.9 7.4 2.3 -5.1

Colombia 47.8 5.3 0.3 -5

Perú 31.0 4.8 0.3 -4.5

Belice 351.7 18.0 14.8 -3.2

RECEIVING AND SENDING COUNTRIES

Countries Population Emigrants %

Immigrants %

Balance

Panamá 3.9 3.8 4.2 +0.4

Argentina 43.0 2.3 5.6 +3.3

Venezuela 30.7 2.2 3.9 -1.7

Chile 17.8 3.5 2.4 -1.1

Fuente: Elaboración propia con base en Ratha, D., Eigen-Zucchi, C., & Plaza, S. (2016). Migration and remittancesFactbook 2016. World Bank Publications. Datos a 2013 Nota: Población en **miles, *millones

Argentina: top 10 sending countries

Argentina5.6%

ParaguayBolivia

Peru

ItalyUruguay

Spain

Brazil

Colombia

Unites States

Chile

pp 64

STATIC COUNTRY IN TERMS OF

MIGRATORY FLOWS

Country Populatiion Emigrants %

Immigrants %

Balance - 1

Brasil 206 0.9 0.3 -0.6

Fuente: Elaboración propia con base en Ratha, D., Eigen-Zucchi, C., & Plaza, S. (2016). Migration and remittancesFactbook 2016. World Bank Publications. Datos a 2013 Nota: Población en **miles, *millones

The Americas

• Intra regional migration: USA, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Argentina, Chile, Ecuador, Colombia, México

• Free circulation South America and CA4

• Unidirectional to the US: México, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador

• Multidireccional: Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia. Rep Dominicana, Cuba

• Transit migration to the USA

• The Americas and the Pacific link

General conclusions

• Intraregional migration and circulation: theAmericas, Europe, Russia & others and themediterranean region.

• The Pacific link for the Americas

• For Europe: The Orient Express link

The Silk Road

The African and colonial conecction

The chinise diaspora 2000-2005

35 a 40 millons by Ma Mung

Questions

• Why Mexico and Brazil do not attract migrants

• Why Mexico and the Northern Triangle of Central America are Unidirectional to the USA

• Why El Salvador and Nicaragua are different

• What will be the future of extreme cases of emigration, up from 50%, such as Grenada (65%); Guyana (59%), even Puerto Rico

What will be the impact of aging onmigration?

Diversity in the Americas &The old continent is older

Region Mediun Age2015

2050

LAC 28.5 34.5

North America 36.5 36.4

Europe 40.9 40.8

çççççç Thanks…

• Facebook.com/Dr.JorgeDurand

Brasil saldo migratorio nulo, estático: 0.9 0.3 = -0.6

• País más poblado • 1ra economía en LAC • Aislado lingüísticamente • Débil identidad latinoamericana• Cerrado legalmente• Naturalización: 1 año para los residentes de

países lusófonos 30 para los otros extranjeros • Económicamente Proteccionista• Imperialista fallido: Odebrecht• Atrae migrantes y los expulsa: haitianos• Emigración reciente a USA y Japón

Las Guyanas, la colonia y la ex-colonia

• Guyana 60.8 % emigración /

• Guyana Francesa 31% de immigración, 260 mil hab

• Status de “Región Ultraperiférica de la UE”

• 1960 Centro aeroespacial

• Desde 1986 explotación aurífera ilegal

• 31% de población extranjera: Haití, Brasil, Rep. Dominicana, China, Senegal, Togo, Benín. Niger

• Para los brasileños es una colonia para los haitianos C’est la France. Frederic Plantoni