TeachAIR/LearnAIRAwareness – Integration - Respect

2016-2018

THE MIGRATION IN ROMANIA

WHAT IS MIGRATION ? Migration is a mass

movement of tribes or populations from one territory to another, determined by economic, social, political or natural causes.

Migration of peoples was a historical phenomenon that consisted of an intense period of massive migrations of populations of Germanic, Slavic or Asian origin in Europe between the 3rd and 11th centuries.

CAUSES OF MIGRATION IN ROMANIA

There were two major populations that came in the territories inhabited by the Romanian-Slavic population: the Hungarians and the Saxons.

The Hungarians came to Transylvania because they expanded their territory and brought Christianity.

The Saxons were called by the kings of Hungary to strengthen the Hungarian domination in the south of Transylvania and to support the economic development of this area.

Coming to Transylvania, the Saxons got privileges provided by a document called “ The Golden Bull” issued in 1224 by the Hungarian King, Andrew II .

THE ORIGINS OF THE HUNGARIANS The Hungarians The Finno-Ugric population of

origin, the Hungarians colonized the territories at the east of the Urals Mountains in the 4th to the 2nd centuries BC.

Around the year 830 the Hungarians migrated westward, to the north of the Black Sea and later in the year 895 settled in the Carpathian Basin and began the conquest of Transylvania until the 12th century.

Nowadays, the number of inhabitants of Hungarian origin in Sibiu was 2,169 (1.4%) in 2011.

THE ORIGINS OF THE SAXONS They originally came from the Rhine, Mosel, Luxembourg and Belgium and

settled in Transylvania. They occupied the territories between the middle stream of Mureș river and

the lower stream of Olt river with the administrative center in Sibiu area. The Saxons called this region Siebenbürgen or the Seven Citadels that

comprised the following cities: ● Sibiu - Hermannstdat ● Brașov – Kronstadt ● Sighișoara - Schäßurg ● Mediaș - Mediasch ● Sebeș - Mühlbach ● Bistrița – Bistritz ● Orăștie - Brosz

In the year 1486 the Saxons set up the Saxon University. Both Hungarians and Saxons were organized in counties and were led by a

representative from the King. Both Hungarians and Saxons were Catholics, but the Saxons also adopted

the Lutheran reform in 1550. Nowadays, the number of inhabitants of German origin in Sibiu was 1,561

(1%) in 2011.

SIEBENBÜRGEN OR THE SEVEN CITADELS - COAT OF ARMS -

Brașov KronstadtSibiu

Hermannstdat

Sebeș Mühlbach

Sighișoara Schäßurg Bistrița

Bistritz

Orăștie Brosz

Mediaș Mediasch

Today in Sibiu / Hermannstadt / Nagyszeben these minorities have schools in their mother tongue :

Liceul Teoretic „Onisifor Ghibu” -German

Colegiul Național „Samuel von Brukenthal” -German

Colegiul Național „Octavian Goga” – German and Hungarian

Colegiul Național Pedagogic „Andrei Şaguna” -German

THANK YOU

FOR YOUR ATTENTION !