Migration from GSM network to GPRS seminar report

Seminar Report ’03 Migration from GSM network to GPRS

1. INTRODUCTION

The General Packet Radio System (GPRS) is a new service that

provides actual packet radio access for mobile Global System for Mobile

Communications (GSM) and Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA) users. The

main benefits of GPRS are that it reserves radio resources only when there is

data to send and it reduces reliance on traditional circuit-switched network

elements. The increased functionality of GPRS will decrease the incremental

cost to provide data services, an occurrence that will, in turn, increase the

penetration of data services among consumer and business users. In addition,

GPRS will allow improved quality of data services as measured in terms of

reliability, response time, and features supported. The unique applications that

will be developed with GPRS will appeal to a broad base of mobile subscribers

and allow operators to differentiate their services. These new services will

increase capacity requirements on the radio and base-station subsystem

resources. One method GPRS uses to alleviate the capacity impacts is sharing

the same radio resource among all mobile stations in a cell, providing effective

use of the scarce resources. In addition, new core network elements will be

deployed to support the high burst ness of data services more efficiently.

The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a new non voice value

added service that allows information to be sent and received across a mobile

telephone network. It supplements today's Circuit Switched Data and Short

Message Service. GPRS is NOT related to GPS (the Global Positioning

System), a similar acronym that is often used in mobile contexts.

In addition to providing new services for today's mobile user, GPRS is

important as a migration step toward third-generation (3G) networks. GPRS will

allow network operators to implement a IP-based core architecture for data

applications, which will continue to be used and expanded upon for 3G services

for integrated voice and data applications. In addition, GPRS will prove a testing

Dept. of IT MESCE, Kuttippuram1


and development area for new services and applications, which will also be

used in the development of 3G services.

In addition to the GPRS timeline, it is necessary to investigate the 3G

deployment timeline. Because many GPRS operators are either planning to

deploy or are investigating 3G, GPRS can be seen as a migration step toward

3G. Several proof-of-concept type trials are currently under way, and these

trials will lead to more technical- and application-oriented trials in early 2001. As

with GPRS, terminal and infrastructure availability are driving factors. In

addition, completion of the licensing process is a necessary step for commercial

deployment.



2. GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION

(GSM)

Global system for mobile(GSM) is a second generation cellular system

standard that was developed to solve the fragmentation problems of the first

cellular systems in Europe’s is the world’s first cellular system to specify the

digital modulation and network level architecture and services. Before GSM,

European countries used different cellular standards throughout the continent,

and it was not possible for customer to use a single subscriber unit throughout

Europe. GSM’s success has exceeded the expectations of virtually everyone,

and it is now the world’s most popular standard for new cellular radio and

personal communication equipment throughout the world.

A variety of data service is offered by GSM. GSM users can send and

receive data, at rates up to 9600 bps. A unique feature of GSM is short

message services (SMS). SMS is bidirectional service for alphanumeric (up to

160 bytes) messages. The access method chosen by GSM is combination of

time and frequency division multiple access (TDMA/FDMA).The FDMA part

involves the division by frequency of the (maximum) 25 MHz bandwidth of 124

carrier frequencies spaced 200KHz apart. One or more carrier assigned to each

base station .each of this frequency is then divided in time, using a TDMA

scheme. Eight burst periods are grouped into TDMA frames, which form the

basic unit for definition of logical channels. The type of switching used in GSM

network is circuit switching.

GSM was first introduced in European market in 1991. By the end of

1993, several Non-European countries in North America, Asia and Australia had

adopted GSM and the technically equivalent offshoot, DCS 1800, which

supports personal communication Services (PCS) in the 1.8Ghz to 2Ghz radio

bands recently created by governments throughout the world.



3. FEATURES OF GPRS

3.1 Key user features of GPRS

GPRS has several unique features which can be summarized as:

3.1.1 Speed

Theoretical maximum speeds of up to 171.2 kilobits per second (kbps)

are achievable with GPRS using all eight timeslots at the same time. This is

about three times as fast as the data transmission speeds possible over today's

fixed telecommunications networks and ten times as fast as current Circuit

Switched Data services on GSM networks. By allowing information to be

transmitted more quickly, immediately and efficiently across the mobile network,

GPRS may well be a relatively less costly mobile data service compared to

SMS and Circuit Switched Data.

3.1.2 Immediacy

GPRS facilitates instant connections whereby information can be sent or

received immediately as the need arises, subject to radio coverage. No dial-up

modem connection is necessary. This is why GPRS users are sometimes

referred to be as being "always connected". Immediacy is one of the

advantages of GPRS (and SMS) when compared to Circuit Switched Data. High

immediacy is a very important feature for time critical applications such as

remote credit card authorization where it would be unacceptable to keep the

customer waiting for even thirty extra seconds.

3.1.3 New and better application

GPRS facilitates several new applications that have not previously been

available over GSM networks due to the limitations in speed of Circuit Switched

Data (9.6 kbps) and message length of the Short Message Service (160



characters). GPRS will fully enable the Internet applications you are used to on

your desktop from web browsing to chat over the mobile network..

3.1.4 Service access

To use GPRS, users specifically need:

A mobile phone or terminal that supports GPRS (existing GSM phones

do not support GPRS)

A subscription to a mobile telephone network that supports GPRS

Use of GPRS must be enabled for that user. Automatic access to the

GPRS may be allowed by some mobile network operators.

Knowledge of how to send and/ or receive GPRS information using their

specific model of configuration (this creates a customer service

requirement)

A destination to send or receive information through GPRS. Whereas

with SMS this was often another mobile phone, in the case of GPRS, it is

likely to be an Internet address, since GPRS is designed to make the

Internet fully available to mobile users for the first time.

Having looked at the key user features of GPRS, let’s look at the key

features from a network operator perspective.

3.2 Key Network Features of GPRS

3.2.1 Packet switching

GPRS involves overlaying a packet based air interface on the existing

circuit switched GSM network. This gives the user an option to use a packet-

based data service. To supplement circuit switched network architecture with

packet switching is quite a major upgrade. However, as we shall see later, the

GPRS standard is delivered in a very elegant manner- with network operators



needing only to add a couple of new infrastructure nodes and making a

software upgrade to some existing network elements.

With GPRS, the information is split into separate but related "packets"

before being transmitted and reassembled at the receiving end. Packet

switching is similar to a jigsaw puzzle- the image that the puzzle represents is

divided into pieces at the manufacturing factory and put into a plastic bag.

During transportation of the now boxed jigsaw from the factory to the end user,

the pieces get jumbled up. When the recipient empties the bag with all the

pieces, they are reassembled to form the original image. All the pieces are all

related and fit together, but the way they are transported and assembled varies.

The Internet itself is another example of a packet data network, the most

famous of many such network types.

3.2.2 Spectrum efficiencyPacket switching means that GPRS radio resources are used only when

users are actually sending or receiving data. Rather than dedicating a radio

channel to a mobile data user for a fixed period of time, the available radio

resource can be concurrently shared between several users. This efficient use

of scarce radio resources means that large numbers of GPRS users can

potentially share the same bandwidth and be served from a single cell. The

actual number of users supported depends on the application being used and

how much data is being transferred. Because of the spectrum efficiency of

GPRS, there is less need to build in idle capacity that is only used in peak

hours. GPRS therefore lets network operators maximize the use of their

network resources in a dynamic and flexible way, along with user access to

resources and revenues.

3.2.3 Internet aware

For the first time, GPRS fully enables Mobile Internet functionality by

allowing networking between the existing Internet and the new GPRS network.

Any service that is used over the fixed Internet today- File Transfer Protocol

(FTP), web browsing, chat, email, telnet- will be as available over the mobile



network because of GPRS. In fact, many network operators are considering the

opportunity to use GPRS to help become wireless Internet Service Providers in

their own right.

The World Wide Web is becoming the primary communications interface-

people access the Internet for entertainment and information collection, the

intranet for accessing company information and connecting with colleagues and

the extranet for accessing customers and suppliers. These are all derivatives of

the World Wide Web aimed at connecting different communities of interest..

Hence, web browsing is a very important application for GPRS.

Because it uses the same protocols, the GPRS network can be viewed

as a sub-network of the Internet with GPRS capable mobile phones being

viewed as mobile hosts. This means that each GPRS terminal can potentially

have its own IP address and will be addressable as such.

3.2.4 Supports TDMA and GPRS

It should be noted right that the General Packet Radio Service is not only

a service designed to be deployed on mobile networks that are based on the

GSM digital mobile phone standard. The IS-136 Time Division Multiple Access

(TDMA) standard, popular in North and South America, will also support GPRS.

This follows an agreement to follow the same evolution path towards third

generation mobile phone networks concluded in early 1999 by the industry

associations that support these two network types.



4. GPRS TERMINALS

A complete understanding of the application availability and GPRS

timeline requires understanding of terminal types and availability. The term

"terminal equipment" is generally used to refer to the variety of mobile phones

and mobile stations that can be used in a GPRS environment; the equipment is

defined by terminal classes and types.

4.1 GPRS Terminal Classes

A GPRS terminal can be one of three classes: A, B, or C. A Class A

terminal supports GPRS and other GSM services (such as SMS and voice)

simultaneously. This support includes simultaneous attach, activation, monitor,

and traffic. As such, a Class A terminal can make or receive calls on two

services simultaneously. In the presence of circuit-switched services, GPRS

virtual circuits will be held or placed on busy rather than being cleared.

A Class B terminal can monitor GSM and GPRS channels

simultaneously, but can support only one of these services at a time. Therefore,

a Class B terminal can support simultaneous attach, activation, and monitor, but

not simultaneous traffic. As with Class A, the GPRS virtual circuits will not be

closed down when circuit-switched traffic is present. Instead, they will be

switched to busy or held mode. Thus, users can make or receive calls on either

a packet or a switched call type sequentially, but not simultaneously.

A Class C terminal supports only nonsimultaneous attach. The user must

select which service to connect to. Therefore, a Class C terminal can make or

receive calls from only the manually (or default) selected service. The service

that is not selected is not reachable. Finally, the GPRS specifications state that

support of SMS is optional for Class C terminals.



5. GPRS ARCHITECTURE

From a high level, GPRS can be thought of as an overlay network onto a

second-generation GSM network. This data overlay network provides packet

data transport at rates from 9.6 to 171 kbps. Additionally, multiple users can

share the same air-interface resources.

GPRS attempts to reuse the existing GSM network elements as much as

possible, but in order to effectively build a packet-based mobile cellular network,

some new network elements, interfaces, and protocols that handle packet traffic

are required. Therefore, GPRS requires modifications to numerous network

elements, as summarized in Table 1 and illustrated in Figure 5.1.

Table 5.1: Modifications Required for GPRS

GSM

Network

Element

Modification or Upgrade Required for GPRS

Subscriber

Terminal (TE)

A totally new subscriber terminal is required to access GPRS

services. These new terminals will be backward compatible with

GSM for voice calls.

BTS A software upgrade is required in the existing base transceiver

site (BTS).

BSC The base station controller (BSC) will also require a software

upgrade, as well as the installation of a new piece of hardware



called a packet control unit (PCU). The PCU directs the data

traffic to the GPRS network and can be a separate hardware

element associated with the BSC.

Core Network The deployment of GPRS requires the installation of new core

network elements called the Serving GPRS Support Node

(SGSN) and Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN).

Databases All the databases involved in the network will require software

upgrades to handle the new call models and functions

introduced by GPRS.

5.1. GPRS Reference Architecture


Figure 5.1: Generic GPRS Network Architecture


5.1.1 GPRS Subscriber Terminals

New terminals (TEs) are required because existing GSM phones do not

handle the enhanced air interface, nor do they have the ability to packetize

traffic directly. A variety of terminals will exist, as described in a previous

section, including a high-speed version of current phones to support high-speed

data access, a new kind of PDA device with an embedded GSM phone, and PC

Cards for laptop computers. All these TEs will be backward compatible with

GSM for making voice calls using GSM.

5.1.2 GPRS BSS

Each BSC will require the installation of one or more PCUs and a

software upgrade. The PCU provides a physical and logical data interface out of

the base station system (BSS) for packet data traffic. The BTS may also require

a software upgrade, but typically will not require hardware enhancements.

When either voice or data traffic is originated at the subscriber terminal, it

is transported over the air interface to the BTS, and from the BTS to the BSC in

the same way as a standard GSM call. However, at the output of the BSC the

traffic is separated; voice is sent to the mobile switching center (MSC) per

standard GSM, and data is sent to a new device called the SGSN, via the PCU

over a Frame Relay interface.

5.1.3 GPRS Network

In the core network, the existing MSCs are based upon circuit-switched

central-office technology, and they cannot handle packet traffic. Thus two new

components, called GPRS Support Nodes, are added:

Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)



Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)

The SGSN can be viewed as a "packet-switched MSC;" it delivers

packets to mobile stations (MSs) within its service area. SGSNs send queries to

home location registers (HLRs) to obtain profile data of GPRS subscribers.

SGSNs detect new GPRS MSs in a given service area, process registration of

new mobile subscribers, and keep a record of their location inside a given area.

Therefore, the SGSN performs mobility management functions such as mobile

subscriber attach/detach and location management. The SGSN is connected to

the base-station subsystem via a Frame Relay connection to the PCU in the

BSC.

GGSNs are used as interfaces to external IP networks such as the public

Internet, other mobile service providers' GPRS services, or enterprise intranets.

GGSNs maintain routing information that is necessary to tunnel the protocol

data units (PDUs) to the SGSNs that service particular MSs. Other functions

include network and subscriber screening and address mapping. One (or more)

GGSNs may be provided to support multiple SGSNs. More detailed technical

descriptions of the SGSN and GGSN are provided in a later section.

5.1.4 GPRS Mobility Management

Mobility management within GPRS builds on the mechanisms used in

GSM networks; as a MS moves from one area to another, mobility management

functions are used to track its location within each mobile network. The SGSNs

communicate with each other and update the user location. The MS profiles are

preserved in the visitor location registers (VLRs) that are accessible by the

SGSNs via the local GSM MSC. A logical link is established and maintained

between the MS and the SGSN in each mobile network. At the end of

transmission or when a MS moves out of the area of a specific SGSN, the

logical link is released and the resources associated with it can be reallocated.



6. GPRS APPLICATIONS

GPRS will enable a variety of new and unique services to the mobile

wireless subscriber. These mobile applications contain several unique

characteristics that enhance the value to the customers. First among them is

mobility—the ability to maintain constant voice and data communications while

on the move. Second is immediacy, which allows subscribers to obtain

connectivity when needed, regardless of location and without a lengthy login

session. Finally, localization allows subscribers to obtain information relevant to

their current location. The combination of these characteristics provides a wide

spectrum of possible applications that can be offered to mobile subscribers. In

general, applications can be separated into two high-level categories: corporate

and consumer. These include:

Communications—E-mail; fax; unified messaging; intranet/Internet access

Value-added services (VAS)—Information services; games

E-commerce—Retail; ticket purchasing; banking; financial trading

Location-based applications—Navigation; traffic conditions; airline/rail

schedules; location finder

Vertical applications—Freight delivery; fleet management; sales-force

automation

6.1 Communications

Communications applications include all those in which it appears to the

users that they are using the mobile communications network purely as a pipe

to access messages or information. This differs from those applications in which



users believe that they are accessing a service provided or forwarded by the

network operator.

6.1.1 Intranet Access

The first stage of enabling users to maintain contact with their office is

through access to e-mail, fax, and voice mail using unified messaging systems.

Increasingly, files and data on corporate networks are becoming accessible

through corporate intranets that can be protected through firewalls, by enabling

secure tunnels (virtual private networks [VPNs]).

6.1.2 Internet Access

As a critical mass of users is approached, more and more applications

aimed at general consumers are being placed on the Internet. The Internet is

becoming an invaluable tool for accessing corporate data as well as for the

provision of product and service information. More recently, companies have

begun using the Internet as an environment for carrying out business,

through e-commerce.

6.1.3 E-Mail and Fax

E-mail on mobile networks may take one of two forms. It is possible for e-

mail to be sent to a mobile user directly, or users can have an e-mail account

maintained by their network operator or their Internet service provider (ISP). In

the latter case, a notification will be forwarded to their mobile terminal; the

notification will include the first few lines of the e-mail as well as details of the

sender, the date/time, and the subject. Fax attachments can also accompany e-

mails.

6.1.4 Unified Messaging

Unified messaging uses a single mailbox for all messages, including

voice mail, faxes, e-mail, short message service (SMS), and pager messages.



With the various mailboxes in one place, unified messaging systems then allow

for a variety of access methods to recover messages of different types. Some

will use text-to-voice systems to read e-mail and, less commonly, faxes over a

normal phone line, while most will allow the interrogation of the contents of the

various mailboxes through data access, such as the Internet. Others may be

configured to alert the user on the terminal type of their choice when messages

are received.

6.1.5 Textual and visual information

A wide range of content can be delivered to mobile phone users ranging

from share prices, sports scores, weather, flight information, news headlines,

prayer reminders, lottery results, jokes, horoscopes, traffic, location sensitive

services and so on. This information need not necessarily be textual- it may be

maps or graphs or other types of visual information.

The length of a short message of 160 characters suffices for delivering

information when it is quantitative- such as a share price or a sports score or

temperature. When the information is of a qualitative nature however, such as a

horoscope or news story, 160 characters is too short other than to tantalize or

annoy the information recipient since they receive the headline or forecast but

little else of substance. As such, GPRS will likely be used for qualitative

information services when end users have GPRS capable devices, but SMS will

continue to be used for delivering most quantitative information services.

Interestingly, chat applications are a form of qualitative information that may

remain delivered using SMS, in order to limit people to brevity and reduce the

incidence of spurious and irrelevant posts to the mailing list that are a common

occurrence on Internet chat groups.

6.1.6 Still images

Still images such as photographs, pictures, postcards, greeting cards

and presentations, static web pages can be sent and received over the mobile

network as they are across fixed telephone networks. It will be possible with



GPRS to post images from a digital camera connected to a GPRS radio device

directly to an Internet site, allowing near real-time desktop publishing.

6.1.7 Moving images

Over time, the nature and form of mobile communication is getting less

textual and more visual. The wireless industry is moving from text messages to

icons and picture messages to photographs and blueprints to video messages

and movie previews being downloaded and on to full blown movie watching via

data streaming on a mobile device.

Sending moving images in a mobile environment has several vertical

market applications including monitoring parking lots or building sites for

intruders or thieves, and sending images of patients from an ambulance to a

hospital. Video-conferencing applications, in travel agent to make a decision.

Anywhere somebody can benefit from having and being able to comment on a

visual depiction of a situation or matter, such collaborative working can be

useful. By providing sufficient bandwidth, GPRS facilitates multimedia

applications such as document sharing.

6.1.8 Home automation

Home automation applications combine remote security with remote

control. Basically, you can monitor your home from wherever you are- on the

road, on holiday, or at the office. If your burglar alarm goes off, not only do you

get alerted, but you get to go live and see who are perpetrators are and perhaps

even lock them in. Not only can you see things at home, but you can do things

too. You can program your video, switch your oven on so that the preheating is

complete by the time you arrive home (traffic jams permitting) and so on. Your

GPRS capable mobile phone really does become like the remote control

devices we use today for our television, video, hi-fi and so on. As the Internet

Protocol (IP) will soon be everywhere- not just in mobile phones because of

GPRS but all manner of household appliances and in every machine- these

devices can be addressed and instructed. A key enabler for home automation



applications will be Bluetoc which allows disparate devices to interwork. In

addition, GPRS will prove a testing and development area for new services and

applications, which will also be used in the development of 3G services.

In addition to the GPRS timeline, it is necessary to investigate the 3G

deployment timeline. Because many GPRS operators are either planning to

deploy or are investigating 3G, GPRS can be seen as a migration step toward

3G. Several proof-of-concept type trials are currently under way, and these

trials will lead to more technical- and application-oriented trials in early 2001. As

with GPRS, terminal and infrastructure availability are driving factors. In

addition, completion of the licensing process is a necessary step for commercial

deployment. These factors are illustrated in Figure 4.

6.1.9 Remote LAN access

When mobile workers are away from their desks, they clearly need to

connect to the Local Area Network in their office. Remote LAN applications

encompasses access to any applications that an employee would use when

sitting at their desk, such as access to the intranet, their corporate email

services such as Microsoft Exchange or Lotus Notes and to database

applications running on Oracle or Sybase or whatever. The mobile terminal

such as handheld or laptop computer has the same software programs as the

desktop on it, or cut down client versions of the applications accessible

through the corporate LAN. This application area is therefore likely to be a

conglomeration of remote access to several different information types- email,

intranet, and databases. This information may all be accessible through web

browsing tools, or require proprietary software applications on the mobile

device. The ideal bearer for Remote LAN Access depends on the amount of

data being transmitted, but the speed and latency of GPRS make it ideal.

6.2 Value-Added Services

Value-added services refer strictly to content provided by network

operators to increase the value of their service to their subscribers. Two terms



that are frequently used with respect to the delivery of data applications are

push and pull, as defined below.

Push refers to the transmission of data at a predetermined time, or under

predetermined conditions. It could also apply to the unsolicited supply of

advertising (for example, delivery of news as it occurs, or stock values when

they fall below a preset value).

Pull refers to the demanding of data in real time by the user (for

example, requesting stock quotes or daily news headlines). To be valuable to

subscribers, this content must posses several characteristics:

Personalized information is tailored to user-specific needs with relevant

information. A stock ticker, focusing on key quotes and news, or an e-

commerce application that knows a user's profile are two examples of

personalized information. Localized content is based on a user's current

location; it can include maps, hotel finders, or restaurant reviews.

Convenience suggests that the user interface and menu screens are

intuitive and easy to navigate. Trust pertains primarily to e-commerce sites

where the exchange of financial or other personal information is required.

Several value-added services are outlined in the following sections.

6.2.1 E-Commerce

E-commerce is defined as the carrying out of business on the Internet or

data service. This would include only those applications where a contract is

established over the data connection, such as for the purchase of goods, or

services, as well as online banking applications because of the similar

requirements of user authentication and secure transmission of sensitive data.

6.2.2 Banking

The popularity among banks of encouraging electronic banking comes

from the comparable costs of making transactions in person in a bank to making



them electronically. Specific banking functions that can be accomplished over a

wireless connection include: balance checking, moving money between

accounts, bill payment, and overdraft alert.

6.2.3 Financial Trading

The immediacy with which transactions can be made using the Internet

and the requirement for up-to-the-minute information has made the purchasing

of stocks a popular application. By providing push services such as those

detailed in the VAS section earlier and coupling these with the ability to make

secure transactions from the mobile terminal, a very valuable service unique to

the mobile environment can be provided.

6.3 Location-Based Services and Telemetric

Location-based services provide the ability to link push or pull information

services with a user's location. Examples include hotel and restaurant finders,

roadside assistance, and city-specific news and information. This technology

also has vertical applications such as workforce management and vehicle

tracking.

6.3.1 Vehicle positioning

This application integrates satellite positioning systems that tell people

where they are with nonvoice mobile services that let people tell others where

they are. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a free-to-use global network

of 24 satellites run by the US Department of Defense. Anyone with a GPS

receiver can receive their satellite position and thereby find out where they are.

Vehicle positioning applications can be used to deliver several services

including remote vehicle diagnostics, ad-hoc stolen vehicle tracking and new

rental car fleet tariffs.

The Short Message Service is ideal for sending Global Positioning System

(GPS) position information such as longitude, latitude, bearing and altitude.



GPS coordinates are typically about 60 characters in length. GPRS could

alternatively be used.

6.4 Vertical Applications

In the mobile environment, vertical applications apply to systems utilizing

mobile architectures to support the carrying out of specific tasks within the value

chain of a company, as opposed to applications that are then being offered for

sale to a consumer. Examples of vertical applications include:

Sales support—Provision of stock and product information for sales staff, as

well as integration of their use of appointment details and the remote placing of

orders

Dispatching—Communication of job details such as location and scheduling;

permitting interrogation of information to support the job

Fleet management—Control of a fleet of delivery or service staff, monitoring

their locations and scheduling work

Parcel delivery—Tracking the locations of packages for feedback to customers

and performance monitoring



7. CONCLUSION

The General Packet Radio System (GPRS) is a new service that

provides actual packet radio access for mobile Global System for Mobile

Communications (GSM) and time-division multiple access (TDMA) users. These

new services will increase capacity requirements on the radio and base-station

subsystem resources

GPRS will provide a massive boost to mobile data usage and usefulness.

That much seems assured from its flexible feature set, its latency and efficiency

and speed. The only question is how soon it takes off in earnest and how to

ensure that the technical and commercial features do not hinder its widespread

use.



8. REFERENCES

[1] G. Brasche and B. Walke. “Concepts, services, and protocols of the new

GSM phase 2+ General Packet Radio Service”, IEEE Communications

Magazine, Vol 35, August 1999. pp 94-104.

[2] J. Cai and D. Goodman. “General packet radio service in GSM”, IEEE

Communications Magazine, Vol 37:, October 1999. pp 122-131.

[3] Dr.Kamilofeher, “Wireless Digital communication”, Prentice Hall of

India, 4th edition, May 2002, pp 102-108.

[4] WWW.GSMWORLD.COM

[5] WWW.WIPRO.COM


http://WWW.WIPRO.COM/

http://WWW.GSMWORLD.COM/


CONTENTS

1. Introduction

2. Global system for mobile communication (GSM)

3. Features of GPRS

4. GPRS Terminals

5. GPRS Architecture

6. GPRS Applications

7. Conclusion

8. References



ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Agnisarman Namboodiri,

Head of Department of Information Technology and Computer

Science, for his guidance and support to shape this paper in a

systematic way.

I am also greatly indebted to Mr. Saheer H.B. and Ms. S.S.

Deepa, Department of IT for their valuable suggestions in the

preparation of the paper.

In addition I would like to thank all staff members of IT

department and all my friends of S7 IT for their suggestions and

constrictive criticism.

Fazil.P.M



ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to understand the architecture of the GPRS

and focus primarily on the issue come up while migrating from existing

GSM network to that of GPRS.The migration path from GSM to GPRS

requires additional packet switching nodes, software upgrades in the

base station subsystem. The existing GSM nodes to upgrade with GPRS

functionally, command data service to provide for this GPRS operation

need to deploy other elements access serves and firewalls

The general packet radio system is a new non-voice value added

service allows information to be sent and received across mobile

telephone networks .it supplements today’s circuit switched data and

short message service.

With the growing data traffic internet world today, the need often

look better methodologies to meet the upcoming demand of internet user

has become inevitable GPRS has evolved the mobile user by enabling

them to access the internet would incessantly.

It would a GPRS uses a packet-mode technique to transfer high-

speed and low-speed data and signaling in an efficient manner over GSM

radio networks. GPRS optimizes the use of network resources and radio

resources. Strict separation between the radio subsystem and network

subsystem is maintained, allowing the network subsystem to be reused

with other radio access technologies. GPRS does not mandate changes

to an installed MSC base also provide a massive boost to the mobile data

communication.


Migration from GSM network to GPRS seminar report

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Transcript of Migration from GSM network to GPRS seminar report