Midterm Hrm 624

8/3/2019 Midterm Hrm 624

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MIDTERM EXAMINATION

Fall 2009

HRM624- Conflict Management (Session - 5)

Question No: 1 ( M a r k s: 1 ) http://vuzs.net

Which of the following statement is misperception about conflict?

Conflict levels are segregated into multiple situations

Delaying the conflicts may leads to destructive behavior

Conflicts are only created to gain benefits

Conflict not always leads to an anger


Which of the following does not restrict innovations?

Proficiency lack

Efficient outcomes

Limited resources

Ongoing systems


Application of ADR is promoted in which of the following type of culture?

Collectivist

Communist

Monopolistic

Individualistic


Customer remained dissatisfied with the shopkeepers demonstrationabout the product, it leads to which of the following?

Dispute

Collision

Distortion

Confusion



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Which of the following is NOT an important tip for a driver to survive in aFender-Bender?

Exchange information

Keep calm

Call the police

Start a row


All of the following are dimensions of issue perspective of conflictEXCEPT:

Joint Vs Individual

Process Vs Outcome

Tangible Vs Intangible

Narrow Vs Broad focus


A conflict which is purely internal and does not involve any other person,is:

Interpersonal conflict

Intrapersonal conflict

Interpretive conflict

Not a conflict


Which of the following is an internal urge to give good performance andwhich forces for creativity & innovation?

Reinforcement

Determination

Confidence Motivation


While identifying interpersonal conflicts, it is necessary to indicate:

The interests of all involved parties


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The disputants of a particular conflict

The divergent goals of all disputants

All of the given options

Question No: 10 ( M a r k s: 1 ) http://vuzs.netMany conflicting situations may have more than one:

Activity conflict

Interpersonal conflict

Intrapersonal conflict

Agency conflict


Why it is important to focus on resources in order to diagnose a conflict?

Helpful in finding other sources of conflict

Identify underlying reasons of conflict

Identify best available option



The conflict which arises over personal beliefs and deeply held morals &

ethics is termed as: Differences in orientation

Conflict over facts

Conflicts over deeply held values

Threats to self-concept and world view


Which of the following truly explains the situation in which the disputantsare not focusing the real facts and figures of conflict?

Dislodged conflict

Misplaced conflict

misaligned conflict

Misattributed conflict



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Conflict can be taken as a challenge and could be transformed into a/an:

Threat

System

Opportunity Weakness


You are a negotiator of party A and negotiator of party B is exchangingthe ideas about his party's principles, values and preferences. You areanalyzing the:

Constituents & stake holders interests

Other disputants interests

Disputants interests

Own interests


All of the following are advantages of understanding the other disputant'sinterests, EXCEPT:

Disputant is restricted with his own ideas

Craft proposals that are acceptable to others

Avoidance of positional bargaining

Limit later sabotage that may arouse


According to Abraham Maslow, the most basic needs are:

Safety needs

Security needs

Physiological needs

Psychological needs


The stances of disputants in an interpersonal conflict are known as:

Position

Interests


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Bargaining

Negotiation


According to the Deutsch's theory which of the following is thatcooperation begets?

Exacerbation

Competition

Cooperation (Correct)

Escalation


Who said, If thou are a master, be some time blind; if a servant,

sometimes deaf?

Robert Gaits

Robert Frost

Thomas Fuller

Thomas Millar


Which of the following negotiation style causes loss of both opportunities

and benefits?

Accommodating style

Compromising style

Dominating style

Avoiding style


Which of the following is relevant to the misperception about conflict

management? Increases the possibility to impair a positive resolution

Reduces the alternative ways to handle conflict

It always leads to become more vicious



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Which of the following is a clear picture of Individualistic culture?

It provides more opportunities to promote an individual

Its preferences and structures tend to be invisible to inhabitants It provides more opportunities to handle a conflict in a better way



A social conflict as compared to the corporate conflicts can be consideredas:

Low risky

More risky

Risk free

None of the given options


Conflict is largely considered as:

Global phenomenon

Perceived phenomenon

Destructive phenomenon Constructive phenomenon


Theory of Social Ecology includes which of the following importantinstitutions for operation of all human beings?

Mass media

Court systems

School Organizations

All of the given institutions


Which of the following outcomes of a conflict are being observed in thespecific context of Pakistan?

Opportunity for change


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Win-win situation

Competition

Positive

Question No: 28 ( M a r k s: 1 ) http://vuzs.netWhich of the following is the purpose of adoption of ADR by EfficiencyWing?

Divert cases to litigation

Save time & money

Elapse conflict for long time

Create win-win situation


After receiving social stimuli, people assign meaning to what they haveexperienced, which is known as:

Interpretation (Correct)

Perception

Reception

Stimulus


Which of the following type of justice refers to the fairness of the process?

Distributive

Competitive

Procedural (Correct)

Substantive

Question No: 31 ( M a r k s: 5 )

What aspect enhance the importance of conflict management?

Question No: 32 ( M a r k s: 10 )


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: Maryam

Quiz Start Time: 10:11 AM

Time Left 71sec(s)

Question # 14 of 15 ( Start time: 10:30:37 AM ) Total M a r k s: 1

Which of the following is often unconscious to be given good performance in every situation?

Select correct option:

Reinforcement

Determination

Confidence

Motivation

Click here to Save Answ er & Move to Next Question


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: Maryam

Quiz Start Time: 10:11 AM

Time Left 54sec(s)

Question # 15 of 15 ( Start time: 10:31:17 AM ) Total M a r k s: 1

Who said, The shortest and best way to make your fortune is to let people see clearly that is in their best interests topromote yours.

Select correct option:

Aristotle

Walt Kelly

La Bruyere

Mark D. Burn

Click here to Save Answ er & Move to Next Question

In dual concern model the style which represents a low level of concern for both self and other knownas__________.AvoidingDominatingObligingCompromising


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Third party usually helps, clarifies and grounds each disputing partys alternatives to agreementin___________.Reality testingLitigationNegotiationDisputeA person holds_____ power when he influences others by coercing, threatening, harming and irritating.Reward

CoerciveNormativeExpertResearch and investigation can be examples of sources of _________power.ExpertReward

NormativeDemocraticA dispute between two neighbors can be example of _________power.ExpertRewardEcological

SocialFormal power is exercised in a ________manner.Bottom-up

Top-downHorizontalVerticalThe influence which is deliberate or purposive in nature may be called_____.Motivation

PowerIntegrationNone of the given optionsWhen one disputant is forced to litigation then __________style is not possible.CompromisingIntegration

AuthoritativeAvoidingDual concern model assumes that no disputant has ________orientation.PositiveNegative

NeutralZero-SumIn dual concern model the style which represents a moderate level of concern for self and other knownas__________.AvoidingDominatingObligingCompromisingNegotiation in which the disputants are the only participants is called________.

AdjudicationMediationSimple negotiationFacilitated negotiationAn interpersonal conflict in which no participant is aware of the divergence of goals, needs, or interests isknown as__________.

Latent conflict

False conflictCause of actionNone of the given optionsA conflict situation in which the disputants believe that when one disputant helps him/herself, the otherdisputant is also helped is_______________.Constructive conflictCompetitive conflictDestructive conflictCooperative conflictA situation involving actual incompatibility of needs, interests or goals is definedas__________.


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False conflictTrue conflictVeridical conflictBoth true and veridical conflictConflict causes predictable and destructive changes in the disputants attitudes, perceptions andinteractions is called____________.Perceived conflictReal conflict

Escalating conflictData type conflictMeeting one partys goals is just like promoting other partys goals known as:Promotive InterdependenceContrient InterdependencePositive Interdependence

None of the given optionsThe first step in conflict diagnosis is to describe the______________.ConflictDisputantMotivesPosition

In interpersonal conflict the reality understood by each participant is highly__________.ObjectivePersonal

SubjectiveBiasedThere is/are usually ___________ source /sources of any given conflict.SingleMultiple

SoleDistinctOne can infer attitudes and make judgments about people and things through _____________.PerceptionGeneral attribution theoryStimuli

Cognitive StructureHigh levels of trust between disputants makes:Negotiation more efficientDisputants less responsiveDecrease disputants willingness to try to find additional ways to trust each other

A competitive conflict cycle more likelyWhich type of trust is founded on control?Calculus-based trustKnowledge-based trustIdentification-based trustProductive based trustThere is a contest among all employees of organization about valuable suggestions for improving policiesfor employees. What type of conflict it may be?Constructive

DestructiveCompetitive but constructiveCooperative but destructiveAll of the following are advantages of understanding the other disputant's interests except:It helps user visualize and recognize alternate ways to meet goalsIt creates greater inflexibility in coming to settlement

It ensures user doesnt miss an optimal resolution

It enables user to evaluate whether some interests could be met outside the conflictFocusing only on resource aspects of a conflict leads toZero-sum thinkingA competitive approach to resolutionA cooperative approach to resolutionZero-sum thinking and a competitive approach to resolutionWhere the disputants aren't fighting about what's really bothering them, the conflict is:MisplacedMisattributedMisalignedDisplaced


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The meaning of language or behavior may be misunderstood, causing a _____ conflict.Preferences and nuisancesData-typeResourceCommunicationIn the final step, Step Seven, disputants put the option into practice, which in turn creates a new:StimulusAction

OptionNone of the above is correctThe conflict gamer reacts to conflict by:Avoiding itFeeling traumatized by itNot preparing for it

Postponing negotiationThe form of negotiation in which the negotiation is facilitated by a neutral third party is:MediationAgent or advocate-assisted negotiationNonbinding evaluationArbitration

In dual concern model the style which represents a low level of concern for both self and other knownas__________.Avoiding

DominatingObligingCompromisingThird party usually helps, clarifies and grounds each disputing partys alternatives to agreementin___________.

Reality testingLitigationNegotiationDisputeA person holds_____ power when he influences others by coercing, threatening, harming and irritating.Reward

CoerciveNormativeExpertResearch and investigation can be examples of sources of _________power.Expert

RewardNormativeDemocraticA dispute between two neighbors can be example of _________power.ExpertRewardEcologicalSocialFormal power is exercised in a ________manner.

Bottom-upTop-downHorizontalVerticalThe influence which is deliberate or purposive in nature may be called_____.Motivation

Power

IntegrationNone of the given optionsWhen one disputant is forced to litigation then __________style is not possible.CompromisingIntegrationAuthoritativeAvoidingDual concern model assumes that no disputant has ________orientation.PositiveNegativeNeutral


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Zero-SumIn dual concern model the style which represents a moderate level of concern for self and other knownas__________.AvoidingDominatingObligingCompromisingAn accurate estimate of BATNA:

Allows disputant in making irrational choices about when to continuenegotiating, when to accept an offer, and when to stopAllows being unduly pressured into settlementPrevents team to accept a deal better than the BATNA without hesitation;prevents lost opportunities to make good dealsAllows team to make better choices about how to exert its relationship power in the negotiation

Impressions formed about people that are based upon fitting the person into various categories are a typeof impression called:Data processingSystemic processingCategory-based processingDetail processing

The mental processes which are used unconsciously to reinforce stereotypes include all of the followingexcept:Ignoring

Over interpretationExplaining awayAll of the above are correctWhen we try to associate with the information previously assumed even if we get information about acertain phenomenon, we tend to___________ in process of stereotype.

IgnoreExplain awayAgreeChallengeExtending a pre assumed perception and confirming it with small piece of information is which type ofmental process of stereotyping?

Selecting Weighting ProcessesStereotype over interpretationStereotype-consistent perceptionExplaining away

_____________ processing is more accurate, but ________ processing is faster

and easier.Systematic, category-basedCategory-based, systematicDual, systematicGroup, SystematicThe mediators primary function is to promote effective negotiation in:Facilitative mediationEvaluative mediationNonbinding evaluations

MediationIn mediation:There may not be a settlement since the disputants may not come to agreementIf there is some settlement it is permanentThe settlement is usually verbalSettlements reached in mediation are not enforceable contracts

An advantage of evaluative mediation is that it:

Helps each disputant to fine-tune his or her BATNA for accuracy and to modify it if it is too optimisticIs the best form of mediation in inducing the disputants to use principlednegotiationIs the best form of mediation in improving the disputants relationshipAll of mentioned optionsIn general, settlements reached in mediation, once formalized, are:UnenforceableEnforceable to the same extent as court ordersEnforceable to the same extent as contracts, and subject to the same defensesEnforceable, but void able by any disputant who wishes to opt out of theagreement


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To facilitate Collaborating/Integrating negotiation between the disputants is the goal of which type ofmediation?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediationTherapeutic mediationPure mediationWhich of the following types of mediation has narrow and evaluative focus?Triage mediation

Bargaining-based mediationPure mediationTherapeutic mediationIn which sort of mediation are due process problems the most likely to occur?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediation

Pure mediationTransformative mediationSara is a triage mediator, Warda is a pure mediator, Afifa is a transformative mediator, and Faria is abargaining-based mediator. Which of these mediators is more likely to try to encourage her clients to geta fair agreement through compromising?Sara

WardaAfifaFaria

Most informal arbitration is probably __________________ than mostfacilitative mediation.Quicker and less expensiveQuicker but more expensiveSlower but less expensive

Slower and more expensiveThe purpose of pure mediation would be most accurately stated as:Getting a settlement as quickly as possibleGetting a fair compromiseFacilitating principled bargaining or similar collaborative negotiation so that settlement can resultHealing the disputants emotionally

Potential mediation client Ms. B complained that she wanted to reach settlement in mediation, but themediator didnt seem at all concerned with helping the parties reach settlement, or even to negotiate.Which of the following forms of mediation did this mediator probably practice?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediation

Pure mediationTransformative mediationMost informal arbitration is probably __________________ than most facilitative mediation.Quicker and less expensiveQuicker but more expensiveSlower but less expensiveSlower and more expensiveMediation:Indirectly promotes cooperation

Can enhance or preserve relationshipsCan create mistrustSome time unable to create more optimal solutions than processes that do not directly promotecooperationI want to save time and money. Taking in to consideration the advantages and disadvantages of differenttype of dispute resolution methods, which of the following is best method to be adopted for the statement

given above?

LegislationMediationNegotiationAdjudicationIn issue clarification stage in the process of mediation, _______________ mediation generally focuses onanalyzing interests of disputants and on avoiding positional bargaining.EvaluativeFacilitativeCategory basedNon-binding


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In which type of mediation mediator takes the time to ensure that he or she has no prior dealings witheither disputant that might create a conflict of interest?FacilitativeEvaluativeBoth facilitative and evaluativeNeither facilitative nor evaluativeWhich of the following introductory statements by a mediator is MOST LIKELY to lead to improvedcooperation between the mediating disputants?

The purpose of this mediation is for you to decide whether plaintiffs or defendants version of the issuewill prevail.

Mediation is a way for the two of you to seek creative solutions to your conflict that address your uniquesituation and leave neither of you feeling victimized.

Now Id like each of you to state your positions.One DISADVANTAGE of caucusing in mediation is that:

The mediator is prevented from using evaluative tacticsCaucusing does not promote integrating/collaboratingCaucusing prevents the mediator from learning about issues the disputants feel uncomfortable discussingin front of one anotherCaucusing promotes principled negotiationConfidentiality in mediation is:

Entirely determined by statuteDetermined by statute, court rule, or contract, depending on the jurisdiction and the type of mediationOrdered by the mediator in appropriate cases

A myth; mediation is not confidentialConcerns over whether a mediator should be able to testify in subsequent litigation raise issues of:

Effectiveness

Confidentiality

ParticipationEnforceabilityMany scholars recognize advantages of arbitration over litigation. These advantages include:Expertise of a specialized tribunal

Fewer saving in time and expenseLess compliance with arbitration awardsArbitrators decision serves as precedent in all similar cases throughout the country

Which of the following is not advantage of arbitration?Low Cost relative to LitigationIntermediary involvedLegally Binding NatureInternational Enforceability

__________ is potentially cheaper and faster than______________.

Non-binding evaluation, litigationLitigation, Non-binding evaluationLitigation, ADRADR, LitigationNegotiation in which the disputants are the only participants is called________.AdjudicationMediationSimple negotiationFacilitated negotiationAn interpersonal conflict in which no participant is aware of the divergence of goals, needs, or interests isknown as__________.Latent conflictFalse conflictCause of action

None of the given optionsA conflict situation in which the disputants believe that when one disputant helps him/herself, the otherdisputant is also helped is_______________.Constructive conflict


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Competitive conflictDestructive conflictCooperative conflictA situation involving actual incompatibility of needs, interests or goals is definedas__________.False conflictTrue conflictVeridical conflict

Both true and veridical conflictConflict causes predictable and destructive changes in the disputants attitudes, perceptions andinteractions is called____________.Perceived conflictReal conflictEscalating conflict

Data type conflictMeeting one partys goals is just like promoting other partys goals known as:Promotive InterdependenceContrient InterdependencePositive InterdependenceNone of the given options

The first step in conflict diagnosis is to describe the______________.ConflictDisputant

MotivesPositionIn interpersonal conflict the reality understood by each participant is highly__________.ObjectivePersonal

SubjectiveBiasedThere is/are usually ___________ source /sources of any given conflict.SingleMultipleSole

DistinctOne can infer attitudes and make judgments about people and things through _____________.PerceptionGeneral attribution theoryStimuli

Cognitive StructureWhich of the following statement is misperception about conflict?Conflict levels are segregated into multiple situationsDelaying the conflicts may leads to destructive behaviorConflicts are only created to gain benefitsConflict not always leads to an angerWhich of the following does not restrict innovations?Proficiency lackEfficient outcomes

Limited resourcesOngoing systemsApplication of ADR is promoted in which of the following type of culture?CollectivistCommunistMonopolistic

Individualistic

Customer remained dissatisfied with the shopkeepers demonstration about the product, it leads to whichof the following?DisputeCollisionDistortionConfusionWhich of the following is NOT an important tip for a driver to survive in a Fender-Bender?Exchange informationKeep calmCall the policeStart a row


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All of the following are dimensions of issue perspective of conflict EXCEPT:Joint Vs IndividualProcess Vs OutcomeTangible Vs IntangibleNarrow Vs Broad focusA conflict which is purely internal and does not involve any other person, is:Interpersonal conflictIntrapersonal conflict

Interpretive conflictNot a conflictWhich of the following is an internal urge to give good performance and which forces for creativity &innovation?ReinforcementDetermination

ConfidenceMotivationWhile identifying interpersonal conflicts, it is necessary to indicate:The interests of all involved partiesThe disputants of a particular conflictThe divergent goals of all disputants

All of the given optionsMany conflicting situations may have more than one:Activity conflict

Interpersonal conflictIntrapersonal conflictAgency conflictWhy it is important to focus on resources in order to diagnose a conflict?Helpful in finding other sources of conflict

Identify underlying reasons of conflictIdentify best available optionAll of the given optionsThe conflict which arises over personal beliefs and deeply held morals & ethics is termed as:Differences in orientationConflict over facts

Conflicts over deeply held valuesThreats to self-concept and world viewWhich of the following truly explains the situation in which the disputants are not focusing the real factsand figures of conflict?Dislodged conflict

Misplaced conflictmisaligned conflictMisattributed conflictConflict can be taken as a challenge and could be transformed into a/an:ThreatSystemOpportunityWeaknessYou are a negotiator of party A and negotiator of party B is exchanging the ideas about his party's

principles, values and preferences. You are analyzing the:Constituents & stake holders interestsOther disputants interestsDisputants interestsOwn interestsAll of the following are advantages of understanding the other disputant's interests, EXCEPT:

Disputant is restricted with his own ideas

Craft proposals that are acceptable to othersAvoidance of positional bargainingLimit later sabotage that may arouseAccording to Abraham Maslow, the most basic needs are:Safety needsSecurity needsPhysiological needsPsychological needsThe stances of disputants in an interpersonal conflict are known as:PositionInterests


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BargainingNegotiationAccording to the Deutsch's theory which of the following is that cooperation begets?ExacerbationCompetitionCooperationEscalationWho said, If thou are a master, be some time blind; if a servant, sometimes deaf?

Robert GaitsRobert FrostThomas FullerThomas MillarWhich of the following negotiation style causes loss of both opportunities and benefits?Accommodating style

Compromising styleDominating styleAvoiding styleWhich of the following is relevant to the misperception about conflict management?Increases the possibility to impair a positive resolutionReduces the alternative ways to handle conflict

It always leads to become more viciousAll of the given optionsWhich of the following is a clear picture of Individualistic culture?

It provides more opportunities to promote an individualIts preferences and structures tend to be invisible to inhabitantsIt provides more opportunities to handle a conflict in a better wayAll of the given optionsA social conflict as compared to the corporate conflicts can be considered as:

Low riskyMore riskyRisk freeNone of the given optionsConflict is largely considered as:Global phenomenon

Perceived phenomenonDestructive phenomenonConstructive phenomenonTheory of Social Ecology includes which of the following important institutions for operation of all humanbeings?

Mass mediaCourt systemsSchool OrganizationsAll of the given institutionsWhich of the following outcomes of a conflict are being observed in the specific context of Pakistan?Opportunity for changeWin-win situationCompetitionPositive

Which of the following is the purpose of adoption of ADR by Efficiency Wing?Divert cases to litigationSave time & moneyElapse conflict for long timeCreate win-win situationAfter receiving social stimuli, people assign meaning to what they have experienced, which is known as:

Interpretation

PerceptionReceptionStimulusWhich of the following type of justice refers to the fairness of the process?DistributiveCompetitiveProceduralSubstantiveThe only constant thing in this world is:ValuesChange


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ConflictPerceptionWhich of the following method of negotiation involves only one neutral party to resolve a conflict amongdisputants?MediationSimple negotiationUnassisted negotiation

Negotiation with advocatesWhich one of the following is likely to be highest level of trust?Calculus-basedExperience-basedKnowledge-based

Identification-basedOne of the parties is willing to take a risk that s/he will lose for the opportunity to obtain a huge recoveryis what type of barrier in conflict resolution?Jackpot syndromeLack of ripeness

Loss aversionMistrust

Which of the following style demonstrates a low level of concern for a person himself and a high level ofconcern for others?CompromisingIntegratingObliging

AvoidingA manager of the restaurant has dismissed the waiter from his job because he served rotten food to acustomer. This is the example of what type of power?Referent power

Coercive powerNormative powerReward powerPhysical strength is the source of which power?

Coercive powerReferent powerNormative powerExpert powerDiversity issues are related to all of the following, EXCEPT:

PowerCulture

StereotypingCompromiseThe type of power which influences people by offering them something they want, is known as:Reward powerNormative power

Coercive power

Referent powerIn stereotyping we draw inferences about a persons:Past, present and futureAnticipated traits and behaviors based on logicAnticipated behaviors based on his/her social categoryAll of the given optionsOver emphasis on a piece of information which may not be so important to determine a certain event, isrepresenting which of the following aspect of stereotype?


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Explaining awaySelecting Weighting ProcessesStereotype over interpretationStereotype consistent perceptionThe mediators primary function is to narrow the gap between extreme disputants' positions by providingevaluations of the merits of the dispute in:Mediation

Evaluative mediationFacilitative mediationNonbinding evaluationsWhich of the following is the most basic form of nonbinding evaluation consisting of an adjudicationprocess and its outcome is not obligatory?

Summary jury trialNeutral evaluationMinitrialNonbinding arbitration

In which of the following, entities are created by contract to resolve disputes as they arise in the course ofongoing projects?Nonbinding arbitration

Summary jury trialNeutral evaluationDispute review boardThe process of negotiation refers to all of the following, EXCEPT:

The communication between partiesThe relationships among partiesThe bone of contentionThe styles parties adoptWhich of the following is a legal process whereby a neutral third party hears the dispute and issues an

award?LitigationMediationArbitrationCollaboration

The suggested hierarchy of ADR methods suggests that:Evaluative mediation should come firstFacilitative mediation should come firstNonbinding evaluation should come firstNonconsensual processes should come firstWhich of the following is a clear picture of Individualistic culture?It provides more opportunities to promote an individual

Its preferences and structures tend to be invisible to inhabitantsIt provides more opportunities to handle a conflict in a better wayAll of the given optionsTheory of Social Ecology includes which of the following important institutions for operation of all humanbeings?

Mass mediaCourt systemsSchool OrganizationsAll of the given institutionsWhich of the following is/are the motivating factor/s for the individual during a conflict?PrinciplesAspirationsValuesAll of the given options


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Which of the following power is the flip side of Coercive power?Reward/exchange powerNormative powerExpert powerReferent powerThe major problem with stereotyping is/are:It is undignified to be stereotyped

The attributions one makes may be totally wrongStereotypes are usually based on limited knowledgeAll of the given optionsWho has no independent decision-making power?Civil Judge

MediatorAdvocateCouncilorMediation is distinguished from other ADR processes in which of the following way?In mediation, the neutral party issues a decision

In mediation, the neutral party does not issue a decisionIn mediation, the disputants do not retain the power to settleAll of the given options

In which type of mediation, mediator provides a range of suggested settlements?FacilitativeEvaluativeBoth facilitative and evaluative

Neither facilitative nor evaluativeHow mediators deal with legal issues during the mediation process?Through Privileged communicationsAdvice to seek guidance from legal expertDo not face any legal issues during mediation

Use their own expertise of lawIn which of the following nonbinding evaluation process representatives of the disputants have theauthority to settle the case?Summary jury trial

Neutral evaluationMinitrialDispute Review Board

The effectiveness of organizational conflict management has been recognized lately by the developmentof:Dispute resolution systemsCourt connected ADROnline ADR

Med-ArbIn which of the following process the case is presented to an arbitrator who decides but keeps the decisionsecret and then the disputants attempt to mediate a settlement?Med-ArbArb-Med

Incentive Arbitration

OmbudsConflicts can be prevented and minimized by addressing them at:Provincial LevelFederal LevelLocal community levelCentral LevelAll of the following are tactics used in evaluative mediation EXCEPT:Conflict escalationInstilling doubt


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Case evaluationCaucusingAll of the following are tactics used in integrating style of negotiation EXCEPT:Expanding the pieUndercuttingLogrollingBridging

The purpose of pure mediation would be most accurately stated as:Getting a settlement as quickly as possibleGetting a fair compromiseFacilitating principled bargaining or similar collaborative negotiation so that settlement can resultHealing the disputants emotionallyPotential mediation client Ms. B complained that she wanted to reach settlement in mediation, but the

mediator didnt seem at all concerned with helping the parties reach settlement, or even to negotiate.Which of the following forms of mediation did this mediator probably practice?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediationPure mediationTransformative mediation

Most informal arbitration is probably __________________ than most facilitative mediation.Quicker and less expensiveQuicker but more expensive

Slower but less expensiveSlower and more expensiveMediation:Indirectly promotes cooperationCan enhance or preserve relationships

Can create mistrustSome time unable to create more optimal solutions than processes that do not directly promotecooperationI want to save time and money. Taking in to consideration the advantages and disadvantages of differenttype of dispute resolution methods, which of the following is best method to be adopted for the statementgiven above?

LegislationMediationNegotiationAdjudicationMediator (and clients) sets ground rules for conduct in which stage of mediation?

The introductory stageIssues clarification and communicationThe productive stageAgreement consummationIn issue clarification stage in the process of mediation, _______________ mediation generally focuses onanalyzing interests of disputants and on avoiding positional bargaining.EvaluativeFacilitativeCategory based

Non-bindingIn which type of mediation mediator takes the time to ensure that he or she has no prior dealings witheither disputant that might create a conflict of interest?FacilitativeEvaluativeBoth facilitative and evaluative

Neither facilitative nor evaluative

Which of the following introductory statements by a mediator is MOST LIKELY to lead to improvedcooperation between the mediating disputants?


In mediation, I listen to both sides of the case and then we choose who wins.Mediation is a way for the two of you to seek creative solutions to your conflict that address your uniquesituation and leave neither of you feeling victimized.

Now Id like each of you to state your positions.One DISADVANTAGE of caucusing in mediation is that:The mediator is prevented from using evaluative tacticsCaucusing does not promote integrating/collaborating


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Caucusing prevents the mediator from learning about issues the disputants feel uncomfortable discussingin front of one anotherCaucusing promotes principled negotiationConfidentiality in mediation is:Entirely determined by statuteDetermined by statute, court rule, or contract, depending on the jurisdiction and the type of mediationOrdered by the mediator in appropriate casesA myth; mediation is not confidential

Concerns over whether a mediator should be able to testify in subsequent litigation raise issues of:

Effectiveness

Confidentiality

ParticipationEnforceabilityMany scholars recognize advantages of arbitration over litigation. These advantages include:

Expertise of a specialized tribunal

Fewer saving in time and expenseLess compliance with arbitration awardsArbitrators decision serves as precedent in all similar cases throughout the countryWhich of the following is not advantage of arbitration?Low Cost relative to Litigation

Intermediary involvedLegally Binding NatureInternational Enforceability

__________ is potentially cheaper and faster than______________.Non-binding evaluation, litigationLitigation, Non-binding evaluationLitigation, ADRADR, LitigationAn accurate estimate of BATNA:Allows disputant in making irrational choices about when to continuenegotiating, when to accept an offer, and when to stop

Allows being unduly pressured into settlementPrevents team to accept a deal better than the BATNA without hesitation;prevents lost opportunities to make good deals

Allows team to make better choices about how to exert its relationship power in the negotiationImpressions formed about people that are based upon fitting the person into various categories are a typeof impression called:Data processingSystemic processingCategory-based processing

Detail processingThe mental processes which are used unconsciously to reinforce stereotypes include all of the followingexcept:IgnoringOver interpretationExplaining awayAll of the above are correctWhen we try to associate with the information previously assumed even if we get information about acertain phenomenon, we tend to___________ in process ofstereotype.IgnoreExplain awayAgreeChallenge

Extending a pre assumed perception and confirming it with small piece of information is which type ofmental process of stereotyping?Selecting Weighting ProcessesStereotype over interpretation


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Stereotype-consistent perceptionExplaining away

_____________ processing is more accurate, but ________ processing is fasterand easier.Systematic, category-basedCategory-based, systematicDual, systematicGroup, Systematic

The mediators primary function is to promote effective negotiation in:Facilitative mediationEvaluative mediationNonbinding evaluationsMediationIn mediation:

There may not be a settlement since the disputants may not come to agreementIf there is some settlement it is permanentThe settlement is usually verbalSettlements reached in mediation are not enforceable contractsAn advantage of evaluative mediation is that it:Helps each disputant to fine-tune his or her BATNA for accuracy and to modify it if it is too optimistic

Is the best form of mediation in inducing the disputants to use principlednegotiationIs the best form of mediation in improving the disputants relationship

All of mentioned optionsIn general, settlements reached in mediation, once formalized, are:UnenforceableEnforceable to the same extent as court ordersEnforceable to the same extent as contracts, and subject to the same defenses

Enforceable, but void able by any disputant who wishes to opt out of theagreement

To facilitate Collaborating/Integrating negotiation between the disputants is the goal of which type ofmediation?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediation

Therapeutic mediationPure mediationWhich of the following types of mediation has narrow and evaluative focus?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediation

Pure mediationTherapeutic mediationIn which sort of mediation are due process problems the most likely to occur?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediationPure mediationTransformative mediationSara is a triage mediator, Warda is a pure mediator, Afifa is a transformative mediator, and Faria is abargaining-based mediator. Which of these mediators is more likely to try to encourage her clients to get

a fair agreement through compromising?SaraWardaAfifaFariaMost informal arbitration is probably __________________ than most

facilitative mediation.

Quicker and less expensiveQuicker but more expensiveSlower but less expensiveSlower and more expensiveWhich is the most important issue in conflict management?Deciding intensity of conflictFinding the frequency of conflictFinding methods of resolving conflictDistinguishing compatible and incompatible goalsWhich of the following statement is NOT true for competitive way of conflict resolution?This is a destructive way


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People negotiate for problem solvingPeople fight with each otherAll of the given options are falseWhich of the following is seldom recommended in conflict resolution?NegotiationArbitrationMeditationAdjudication

The conflict phobic reacts to conflict by:Not preparing for conflictPostponing negotiationsMaking extreme demandsValuing interpersonal conflictThe second step of social interaction in which the perceiver sees, hears or otherwise uses his/her senses

to receive the event, is known as:StimulusReceptionPerceptionInterpretation

A conflict which is purely internal and does not involve any other person, is:Interpersonal conflictIntrapersonal conflict

Interpretive conflictNot a conflictConflict over the ownership or control of something valuable is known as:Preferences conflictCommunication conflict

Data-type conflictResource conflictConflict participants often surround themselves in their own rigid thoughts & close all the possibilities ofany other options. This general attitude of conflict participants is termed as:Teamwork effortNegotiation strategy

Positional bargainingAll of the given optionsThe bottom line that disputant is willing to accept is represented by which of the following term in aconflict onion?Position

AspirationUnderlying interestPrinciples and valuesWhich of the following is the feature of competitive pattern of a conflict in organizations?It results in missed opportunitiesIt increases productivityIt results in fewer turnoversIt has less destructive political behaviorWhich of the following statement is true regarding 'power'?

Power is always perceived by individualsPower is always used to harm othersPower has usually negative dimensionsPower can psychologically affect the negotiationAccording to which of the given power, an individual is able to influence others byConferring(reward)benefit?

Reward power

Normative powerCoercive powerReferent powerMr. Jahanzaib has changed the sitting arrangement of his subordinates to make them more comfortable inorder to get good output. He is exercising which type of power?Reward powerNormative powerExpert powerEcological powerInnocent faces can distract others from actual facts ; this statement justifies which of the given power?Coercive power


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Expert powerReferent powerNormative powerHow does power affect BATNA (Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement)?The more power a disputant has, the poorer the disputant s BATNAThe more power a disputant has, the better the disputant s BATNAThe power of one party may dominates the other party in BATNAThere is no affect of power in BATNA

The main problem of relying on BATNA is that:It is not as much usefulIt often leads to poor outcomesIt makes the situation more complexIt is often very expensive in terms of timeAll of the following are tactics used in 'integration' phase of negotiation, EXCEPT:

Expanding the pieUndercuttingLogrollingBridgingThe type of power which influences people by offering them something they want, is known as:Reward power

Normative powerCoercive powerReferent power

In order to arrive at one's BATNA in a legal dispute, it is necessary to do an analysis of the costs andbenefits of litigation. It is known as:ValuationResolutionNegotiation

ManagementThe impression formed about people by gathering information from scratch is a type of impressioncalled:Data processingDetail processingSystematic processing

Category based processingWhich of the following is true about stereotypes?These are wrong, leading to strategic errorsThese are accurate, leading a right decision

These are accurate but may result in leading to a wrong directionThese are wrong but may result in leading to a right directionIn stereotyping we draw inferences about a person s:Past, present and futureAnticipated traits and behaviors based on logicAnticipated behaviors based on his/her social categoryAll of the given optionsA major problem with stereotyping is that:It is based on logic

Stereotypes are usually correctIt is honored to be stereotypedThe attributions, one made may be totally wrongIf we try to thoroughly process the information about each & every individual in all situations, it willbecome:Highly inefficient

Highly efficient

Highly effectiveHighly ineffectiveWhich of the following class of people see their own characteristics as changeable?Disputed-selfDependent-selfIndependent-selfInterdependent-selfIn which of the following method individuals gather information form the scratch during impressionformation?Dual processingGroup processing


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Systematic processingCategory-based processingIn which of the following process, an expert in the subject matter of the dispute or legal expert gives anopinion of the strengths and weaknesses of each side's case?Summary jury trialNeutral evaluationDispute review boardNonbinding arbitration

If a disputant refuses to participate, what effect can it make on the usefulness of facilitative mediation?Facilitative mediation can not be usedQuality of facilitative mediation will sufferQuality of consent may be impairedFacilitative mediation will take a long time than usual

If one or both disputants are unsure about their BATNA s, what effect can it make on the usefulness offacilitative mediation?Facilitative mediation can not be usedQuality of facilitative mediation will sufferFacilitative mediation will take a long time than usualQuality of consent may be impaired

To promote empowerment and recognition of each disputant is the goal of which type of mediation?Pure mediationTriage mediation

Transformative mediationBargaining-based mediationOne of the most significant features of mediation is its effectiveness in preserving Ongoing:ConflictCompetition

ControversyRelationshipIn which stage of mediation mediator will inform clients about mediator s style, explain process, andexplain advantages of cooperative dispute resolution and mediation?Issues clarification and communication

Agreement consummationThe introductory stageThe productive stageWhat important role, ethics play in mediation?Enhance effectiveness of mediation

Helps in achieving extra compromisesAssists in avoiding the courts involvementSimply a waste of time & money, if it failsWhich of the following rule requires that the mediators should not favor or impose their will on onedisputant?RevolutionaryConfidentialityNeutralityAdversary

The law of arbitration in Pakistan is contained in which of the following ArbitrationAct?1960199019401945

Which of the following class of arbitration is mentioned in chapter III, section 20 of the 'Arbitration Act'?

Arbitration in suits through courtArbitration where no suit is pendingArbitration without court interventionArbitration investigation through agencyAgreements to submit future disputes not yet in existence to arbitration are which of the followingcategory of arbitration agreements?Non-executoryUnexecutedExecutoryExecutedIn the Neutral evaluation, who is typically neutral?


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ArbitratorCorporate executiveMembers in jury poolExperts in technical areaExtensive preparation often creates hindrance in settlement. All of the following are suggestions foravoiding it, EXCEPT:Set limits to involvementNo financial constraints

Periodically reappraise strategiesIntention to save one special personIn which of the following a mediator shall fully disclose and explain the involvement of money?FeeQualityMorality

Competence'Positional bargaining' leads to which of the following consequence?impasses the bad feelings among disputantsBetter position for each of the bargainersCreative approaches to conflict resolution

The most integrative outcome in conflictIn what type of conflict the disputants duplicate efforts to gather information?Constructive Conflict

Cooperative ConflictCompetitive ConflictDestructive ConflictWhich is the most important issue in conflict management?Deciding intensity of conflict

Finding the frequency of conflictFinding methods of resolving conflict (not confrm)Distinguishing compatible and incompatible goalsWhich of the following statement is NOT true for competitive way of conflict resolution?This is a destructive wayPeople negotiate for problem solving

People fight with each otherAll of the given options are falseThe conflict phobic reacts to conflict by:Not preparing for conflictPostponing negotiations

Making extreme demandsValuing interpersonal conflictThe second step of social interaction in which the perceiver sees, hears or Otherwise uses his/her sensesto receive the event, is known as:StimulusReceptionPerceptionInterpretationConflict over the ownership or control of something valuable is known as:

Preferences conflictCommunication conflictData-type conflictResource conflictAccording to which of the given power, an individual is able to influence others by Conferring(reward)benefit?

Reward power

Normative powerCoercive powerReferent powerThe main problem of relying on BATNA is that:It is not as much usefulIt often leads to poor outcomesIt makes the situation more complexIt is often very expensive in terms of timeAll of the following are tactics used in 'integration' phase of negotiation,EXCEPT:Expanding the pie


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UndercuttingLogrollingBridgingThe type of power which influences people by offering them something they want, is known as:Reward powerNormative powerCoercive powerReferent power

The impression formed about people by gathering information from scratch is a type of impression called:Data processingDetail processingSystematic processing Category based processingIn stereotyping we draw inferences about a person s:Past, present and future

Anticipated traits and behaviors based on logicAnticipated behaviors based on his/her social categoryAll of the given optionsA major problem with stereotyping is that:It is based on logicStereotypes are usually correct

It is honored to be stereotypedThe attributions, one made may be totally wrongIf we try to thoroughly process the information about each & every individual in all situations, it will

become:Highly inefficientHighly efficientHighly effectiveHighly ineffective

Which of the following class of people see their own characteristics as changeable?Disputed-selfDependent-selfIndependent-selfInterdependent-selfIn which of the following method individuals gather information form the Scratch during impression

formation?Dual processingGroup processingSystematic processingCategory-based processing

In which of the following process, an expert in the subject matter of the dispute or legal expert gives anopinion of the strengths and weaknesses of each side's case?Summary jury trialNeutral evaluationDispute review boardNonbinding arbitrationTo promote empowerment and recognition of each disputantis the goal of which type of mediation?Pure mediation

Triage mediationTransformative mediationBargaining-based mediationOne of the most significant features of mediation is its effectiveness in Preserving Ongoing:ConflictCompetition

Controversy

RelationshipIn which stage of mediation mediator will inform clients about mediator s style, explain process, andexplain advantages of cooperative dispute resolution and mediation?Issues clarification and communicationAgreement consummationThe introductory stageThe productive stageThe law of arbitration in Pakistan is contained in which of the following Arbitration Act?196019901940


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1945Which of the following class of arbitration is mentioned in chapter III, section 20 of? the 'Arbitration Act'?Arbitration in suits through courtArbitration where no suit is pendingArbitration without court interventionArbitration investigation through agencyAgreements to submit future disputes not yet in existence to arbitration are which of the followingcategory of arbitration agreements?

Non-executoryUnexecutedExecutoryExecutedIn which of the following a mediator shall fully disclose and explain theInvolvement of money?

FeeQualityMoralityCompetenceIn what type of conflict the disputants duplicate efforts to gatherinformation?

Constructive ConflictCooperative ConflictCompetitive Conflict

Destructive ConflictA dispute in which some of the contentions can be expressed as a cause of action or as a defense to acause of action is known as:WarCollision

Legal disputeFender-benderWhich of the following type of justice prescribes whether the outcome of a conflict is fair?SubstantiveProceduralDistributive

ConflictAll of the following are steps which might influence the conflict cycle EXCEPT:Establishing ground rules for civilityPointing out areas of agreementUsing competitive language

Assigning joint tasksWhich of the following is a disagreement or difference of opinion of two persons or two parties?DisputeCollisionConciliationAdjudicationWhich of the following power has ability to disempowered to the others?Expert powerReferent power

Coercive powerNormative powerPremise Three of Deutsch's theory is that cooperation begets:ExacerbationCompetitionCooperation

Escalation

Which of the following emotion led to more integrative and compromised strategies by the partner?DisappointmentAngerPrideGuiltA conflict revolving around two people perceiving the same event like "an accident" differently is known as

__________.Resurce conflictData-type conflictCommunication conflictPreferences and nuisances conflict


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Efforts to apply alternative blueprints largely fail because:There is little support from othersPeople lack of proficiencyPeople try to use old tools to address alternative blue printsAll of the given optionsA conflict which is purely internal and does not involve another person is a(n):Interpersonal conflictIntrapersonal conflict

Interpretive conflictNot a conflictIn mediation:There may not be a settlement since the disputant may not come to agreementIf there is some settlement it is permanentThe settlement usually verbal

Settlements reached in mediation are not enforceableWe have met the enemy and it is us, quoted by the:Ben okriWalt KellyMao zedingStuart Hampshire

A mans greatest battles are the ones he fights within himself, is quoted by the:Ben okriWalt Kelly

Mao zedingStuart HampshireAnger can be an effective negotiating tool, is quoted by:Paul GettyAdam smith

John DrydenMark McCormackWhich of the following is a type of assisted negotiation that uses a third party to help disputants negotiatetheir settlement?AdvocacyMediation

ProvocationAggravationIn a conflict diagram participants are indicated by:Double-ended block arrowOne-tailed arrows

Straight linesCirclesGetting information form scratch is called:Systematic processingCategory based processingDual processingGroup processingGetting information form scratch is called:Reinforcement

DeterminationConfidenceMotivationOf the two types of mediation, ________ would be more likely to encourage positional bargaining.Facilitative mediationEvaluation mediation

Nonbinding mediation

MediationAll of the following are dimensions of person perspective of conflict EXCEPT:Joint-disputantSocial disputantIndividual disputantInstitution and societyWhich one of the following mainly shows individuals and their relationships to one another?SociomapSociogramInterceptionDetermination


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The Meta-disputes generally are based on:AngerBad feelingsRevengeful attitudeMisunderstandingsThe theorists who developed this model proposed five basic negotiation styles which include all of thefollowingEXCEPT:

DominatingAvoidingObligingSettlingAll of the following are dimensions of person perspective of conflict EXCEPT:Joint-disputant

Social disputantIndividual disputantInstitution or societyIn an interpersonal conflict where the disputants do not wish to do the work necessary to resolve theconflict until they feel there is no other alternative, the impediment to resolution is __________.Mistrust

Lack of ripenessExcluded stakeholdersOver commitment & entrapment

All of the following are advantages of understanding the other disputant's interests EXCEPT:It ensures user doesnt miss an optimal resolutionIt creates greater flexibility in coming to settlementIt ensures user isnt diverted by details, heat of the moment and so onIt prevents user to evaluate whether some interests could be met outside the conflict

In dual concern model the style which represents a low level of concern for both self And other knownas__________.AvoidingDominatingObligingCompromising

Third party usually helps, clarifies and grounds each disputing partys alternatives to agreementin___________.Reality testingLitigationNegotiation

DisputeA person holds_____ power when he influences others by coercing, threatening, Harming and irritating.RewardCoerciveNormativeExpertResearch and investigation can be examples of sources of _________power.ExpertReward

NormativeDemocraticA dispute between two neighbors can be example of _________power.ExpertRewardEcological

Social

Formal power is exercised in a ________manner.Bottom-upTop-downHorizontalVerticalThe influence which is deliberate or purposive in nature may be called_____.MotivationPowerIntegrationNone of the given optionsWhen one disputant is forced to litigation then __________style is not possible.


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CompromisingIntegrationAuthoritativeAvoidingDual concern model assumes that no disputant has ________orientation.PositiveNegativeNeutral

Zero-SumIn dual concern model the style which represents a moderate level of concern for self And other knownas__________.AvoidingDominatingObliging

CompromisingAn accurate estimate of BATNA:Allows disputant in making irrational choices about when to continuenegotiating, when to accept an offer, and when to stopAllows being unduly pressured into settlementPrevents team to accept a deal better than the BATNA without hesitation;

prevents lost opportunities to make good dealsAllows team to make better choices about how to exert its relationship power in the negotiationImpressions formed about people that are based upon fitting the person into various categories are a type

of impression called:Data processingSystemic processingCategory-based processingDetail processing

The mental processes which are used unconsciously to reinforce stereotypes include all of the followingexcept:IgnoringOver interpretationExplaining awayAll of the above are correct

When we try to associate with the information previously assumed even if we get information about acertain phenomenon, we tend to___________ in process ofstereotype.IgnoreExplain away

AgreeChallengeExtending a pre assumed perception and confirming it with small piece of information is which type ofmental process of stereotyping?Selecting Weighting ProcessesStereotype over interpretationStereotype-consistent perceptionExplaining away

_____________ processing is more accurate, but ________ processing is faster

and easier.Systematic, category-basedCategory-based, systematicDual, systematicGroup, SystematicThe mediators primary function is to promote effective negotiation in:

Facilitative mediation

Evaluative mediationNonbinding evaluationsMediationIn mediation:There may not be a settlement since the disputants may not come to agreementIf there is some settlement it is permanentThe settlement is usually verbalSettlements reached in mediation are not enforceable contractsAn advantage of evaluative mediation is that it:Helps each disputant to fine-tune his or her BATNA for accuracy and to modify it if it is too optimisticIs the best form of mediation in inducing the disputants to use principled


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negotiationIs the best form of mediation in improving the disputants relationshipAll of mentioned optionsIn general, settlements reached in mediation, once formalized, are:UnenforceableEnforceable to the same extent as court ordersEnforceable to the same extent as contracts, and subject to the same defensesEnforceable, but void able by any disputant who wishes to opt out of the

agreementTo facilitate Collaborating/Integrating negotiation between the disputants is the goal of which type of

mediation?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediationTherapeutic mediation

Pure mediationWhich of the following types of mediation has narrow and evaluative focus?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediationPure mediationTherapeutic mediation

In which sort of mediation are due process problems the most likely to occur?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediation

Pure mediationTransformative mediationSara is a triage mediator, Warda is a pure mediator, Afifa is a transformative mediator, and Faria is abargaining-based mediator. Which of these mediators is more likely to try to encourage her clients to geta fair agreement through compromising?

SaraWardaAfifaFariaMost informal arbitration is probably __________________ than most facilitative mediation.Quicker and less expensive

Quicker but more expensiveSlower but less expensiveSlower and more expensiveThe purpose of pure mediation would be most accurately stated as:Getting a settlement as quickly as possible

Getting a fair compromiseFacilitating principled bargaining or similar collaborative negotiation so that settlement can resultHealing the disputants emotionallyPotential mediation client Ms. B complained that she wanted to reach settlement in mediation, but themediator didnt seem at all concerned with helping the parties reach settlement, or even to negotiate.Which of the following forms of mediation did this mediator probably practice?Triage mediationBargaining-based mediationPure mediation

Transformative mediationMost informal arbitration is probably __________________ than most facilitative mediation.Quicker and less expensiveQuicker but more expensiveSlower but less expensiveSlower and more expensive

Mediation:

Indirectly promotes cooperationCan enhance or preserve relationshipsCan create mistrustSome time unable to create more optimal solutions than processes that do notdirectly promote cooperationI want to save time and money. Taking in to consideration the advantages and disadvantages of differenttype of dispute resolution methods, which of the following is best method to be adopted for the statementgiven above?LegislationMediationNegotiation


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AdjudicationMediator (and clients) sets ground rules for conduct in which stage of mediation?The introductory stageIssues clarification and communicationThe productive stageAgreement consummationIn issue clarification stage in the process of mediation, _______________ mediation generally focuses onanalyzing interests of disputants and on avoiding positional bargaining.

EvaluativeFacilitativeCategory basedNon-bindingIn which type of mediation mediator takes the time to ensure that he or she has no prior dealings witheither disputant that might create a conflict of interest?

FacilitativeEvaluativeBoth facilitative and evaluativeNeither facilitative nor evaluativeWhich of the following introductory statements by a mediator is MOST LIKELY to lead to improvedcooperation between the mediating disputants?

The purpose of this mediation is for you to decide whether plaintiffs ordefendants version of the issue will prevail.In mediation, I listen to both sides of the case and then we choose who

wins.Mediation is a way for the two of you to seek creative solutions to yourconflict that address your unique situation and leave neither of youfeeling victimized.Now Id like each of you to state your positions.

One DISADVANTAGE of caucusing in mediation is that:The mediator is prevented from using evaluative tacticsCaucusing does not promote integrating/collaboratingCaucusing prevents the mediator from learning about issues the disputants feeluncomfortable discussing in front of one anotherCaucusing promotes principled negotiation

Confidentiality in mediation is:Entirely determined by statuteDetermined by statute, court rule, or contract, depending on the

jurisdiction and the type of mediationOrdered by the mediator in appropriate cases

A myth; mediation is not confidentialConcerns over whether a mediator should be able to testify in subsequent litigation raise issues of:EffectivenessConfidentialityParticipationEnforceabilityMany scholars recognize advantages of arbitration over litigation. These advantages include:Expertise of a specialized tribunalFewer saving in time and expense

Less compliance with arbitration awardsArbitrators decision serves as precedent in all similar cases throughout thecountryWhich of the following is not advantage of arbitration?Low Cost relative to LitigationIntermediary involved

Legally Binding Nature

International Enforceability__________ is potentially cheaper and faster than______________.Non-binding evaluation, litigationLitigation, Non-binding evaluationLitigation, ADRADR, LitigationNegotiation in which the disputants are the only participants is called________.AdjudicationMediationSimple negotiationFacilitated negotiation


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An interpersonal conflict in which no participant is aware of the divergence of goals, needs, or interests isknown as__________.Latent conflictFalse conflictCause of actionNone of the given optionsA conflict situation in which the disputants believe that when one disputant helps him/herself, the otherdisputant is also helped is_______________.

Constructive conflictCompetitive conflictDestructive conflictCooperative conflictA situation involving actual incompatibility of needs, interests or goals is definedas__________.

False conflictTrue conflictVeridical conflictBoth true and veridical conflictConflict causes predictable and destructive changes in the disputants attitudes, perceptions andinteractions is called____________.

Perceived conflictReal conflictEscalating conflict

Data type conflictMeeting one partys goals is just like promoting other partys goals known as:Promotive InterdependenceContrient InterdependencePositive Interdependence

None of the given optionsThe first step in conflict diagnosis is to describe the______________.ConflictDisputantMotivesPosition

In interpersonal conflict the reality understood by each participant is highly__________.ObjectivePersonalSubjectiveBiased

There is/are usually ___________ source /sources of any given conflict.SingleMultipleSoleDistinctOne can infer attitudes and make judgments about people and things through

_____________.a) Perceptionb) General attribution theory

c) Stimulid) Cognitive StructureWhich of the following provides a rigorous and clear framework for understanding and appreciating themultiple facets of any conflict?Commercial conflictConflict resolution

Conflict diagnosis

Systematic conflictWe have met the enemy and it is us, quoted by the:Ben OkriWalt KellyMao ZedongStuart HampshireTen themes of conflict diagnosis are helpful in:Understanding nature of conflictMaking better use of ADRResolving conflictAll of the given options


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Which of the following is often unconscious to be given good performance in every situation?ReinforcementDeterminationConfidenceMotivationWhich one of the following mainly shows individuals and their relationships to one another?SociomapSociogram

InterceptionDetermination

________________ allows the user to choose the best blueprint and the best tools to handle a conflictwell.Conflict diagnosisCommercial conflict

Conflict resolutionSystematic conflictUsually the sources of conflict are __________ and many of them are __________.Multiple, hiddenMultiple, obviousLess than 5, hidden

Less than 5, obviousWhich of the following emotion led to more integrative and compromised strategies by the partner?Disappointment

AngerPrideGuiltWho said that It is essential to the sanity of mankind that each should think the other crazy?Walt Kelly

Neil JohnsonHillarie BellocEmily DickinsonThe purpose of pure mediation would be most accurately stated as:Getting a settlement as quickly as possibleGetting a fair compromise

Facilitating principled bargaining or similar collaborative negotiation so that settlement can resultHealing the disputants emotionallyPotential mediation client Ms. B complained that she wanted to reach settlement in mediation, but themediator didnt seem at all concerned with helping the parties reach settlement, or even to negotiate.Which of the following forms of mediation did this mediator probably practice?

Triage mediationBargaining-based mediationPure mediationTransformative mediationMost informal arbitration is probably __________________ than most facilitative mediation.Quicker and less expensiveQuicker but more expensiveSlower but less expensiveSlower and more expensive

Mediation:Indirectly promotes cooperationCan enhance or preserve relationshipsCan create mistrustSome time unable to create more optimal solutions than processes that do not directly promotecooperation

I want to save time and money. Taking in to consideration the advantages and disadvantages of different

type of dispute resolution methods, which of the following is best method to be adopted for the statementgiven above?LegislationMediationNegotiationAdjudicationMediator (and clients) sets ground rules for conduct in which stage of mediation?The introductory stageIssues clarification and communicationThe productive stageAgreement consummation


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In issue clarification stage in the process of mediation, _______________ mediation generally focuses onanalyzing interests of disputants and on avoiding positional bargaining.EvaluativeFacilitativeCategory basedNon-bindingIn which type of mediation mediator takes the time to ensure that he or she has no prior dealings witheither disputant that might create a conflict of interest?

FacilitativeEvaluativeBoth facilitative and evaluativeNeither facilitative nor evaluativeWhich of the following introductory statements by a mediator is MOST LIKELY to lead to improvedcooperation between the mediating disputants?


In mediation, I listen to both sides of the case and then we choose who wins.Mediation is a way for the two of you to seek creative solutions to your conflict that address your uniquesituation and leave neither of you feeling victimized.

Now Id like each of you to state your positions.

One DISADVANTAGE of caucusing in mediation is that:The mediator is prevented from using evaluative tacticsCaucusing does not promote integrating/collaborating

Caucusing prevents the mediator from learning about issues the disputants feel uncomfortable discussingin front of one anotherCaucusing promotes principled negotiationConfidentiality in mediation is:Entirely determined by statute

Determined by statute, court rule, or contract, depending on the jurisdiction and the type of mediationOrdered by the mediator in appropriate casesA myth; mediation is not confidentialConcerns over whether a mediator should be able to testify in subsequent litigation raise issues of:

Effectiveness

Confidentiality

ParticipationEnforceabilityMany scholars recognize advantages of arbitration over litigation. These advantages include:Expertise of a specialized tribunalFewer saving in time and expenseLess compliance with arbitration awards

Arbitrators decision serves as precedent in all similar cases throughout the countryWhich of the following is not advantage of arbitration?Low Cost relative to LitigationIntermediary involvedLegally Binding NatureInternational Enforceability

__________ is potentially cheaper and faster than______________.Non-binding evaluation, litigationLitigation, Non-binding evaluationLitigation, ADRADR, LitigationA conflict in which the parties' goals are violently manifested, the parties treat one another as:Advocates.

Disputants.Adversaries.Agents.


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A conflict which can only be resolved by having a winner and a loser of "splitting the difference" theparties are:Continently interdependent.Promotively interdependent.Positively interdependent.Falsely interdependent.Where parties are unaware of the existence of divergent goals, needs of interests, the conflict is:Latent.

Zero sum.Contrient.Veridical.Where the goals of one party enhance the goals of the other, the parties are:Not interdependent.Latently interdependent.

Continently interdependent.Promotively interdependent.Most transactions contain both compatible and incompatible goals and are known as:False conflicts.Zero-sum situations.Win-win situations.

Mixed-motive situations.Forward-looking arrangements which satisfy compatible goals and there is no obvious disagreementalmost always involves some divergent goals and is known as:

Transactions.Disputes.Zero-sum situations.False conflicts.A non latent interpersonal conflict characterized by emphasizing the incompatible goals of disputants is a:

Transaction.False conflict.Dispute.Win-win situation.A type of representative of a disputant who has legal and ethical responsibility to represent disputant'sinterest is a:

Stakeholder.Agent.Advocate.ConstituentA party to a conflict who is powerful enough to significantly alter its course is a:

Stakeholder.Agent.Advocate.ConstituentThe various dispute resolution processes can be distinguished by all of the following factors except:Who participatesWho decides the outcome.Where it is held.Under what authority the process takes place.

The two main categories of dispute resolution, according to who decides the outcome, are:Arbitration and mediation.Negotiation and adjudication.Assisted and unassisted negotiation.Litigation and arbitration.The principal distinction between negotiation and adjudication is:

The person in charge of deciding the outcome.

The binding effect.Whether or not the parties are assisted.None of these is correct.A form of negotiation where the disputants are the only participants is known as:Unassisted negotiation.Assisted negotiation.Simple negotiation.Both 1 and 3 are correctThe three principal forms of assisted or facilitated negotiation include all of the following except:Agent- or advocate-assisted negotiation.Mediation.


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Nonbinding evaluation.Arbitration.The form of negotiation in which the disputants are represented by assistants who stand in their shoesand negotiate on their behalf is:Mediation.Agent or advocate assisted negotiation.Nonbinding evaluation.Arbitration.

The form of negotiation in which the negotiation is facilitated by a neutral third party is:Mediation.Agent or advocate-assisted negotiation.Nonbinding evaluation.Arbitration.In_____ the disputants present their side to a third party or panel which renders a nonbinding decision or

opinion.MediationAgent- or advocate-assisted negotiationNonbinding evaluationArbitrationWhat differentiates nonbinding evaluation from evaluative mediation is that nonbinding evaluation:

The evaluation is just a beginning point.The parties do not participate in the process.In evaluative mediation the evaluation is just a beginning point of the settlement

process.None of the above is correct.The three major forms of adjudication include all of the following except:Litigation.Mediation.

Agency Adjudication.ArbitrationOur narrow perspective on how conflict is best managed and resolved:Is fostered by cultural beliefs and practices.Impairs our ability to understand conflict.Impairs out ability to choose effective methods to resolve conflict.

All of the above are correct.In order to create a quality product, a master artisan needs all of the following except:An effective plan or blueprint.An innovative approach.A set of tools suited to the craft.

Proficiency in using the tools.The part of a person's environment consisting of overall societal social structures is a:Microsystem.Macrosystem.Microcosm.None of the above is correct.Bronfenbrenner's theory of Social Ecology includes as the important institutions in which we operate thefollowing institution(s)Mass media.

Court systems.School Organizations.All of the above are correct.Children with_____ parents are more likely to learn that all disputants matter in aconflict.Authoritative

Authoritarian

PermissiveStrictThe American legal system tends to emphasize all of the following except:Individual rights.Individualism.Cooperation.Competition.Efforts to apply alternative blueprints largely fail because:There is little support from others.People try to use old tools to address alternative blueprints.


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People lack proficiency in using new tools.All of the above are correct.People confronted with conflict in our culture typically react by seeing the situation as a_____ where therecan only be one winner.Opportunity for changeCompetitionWin-win situationPositive

The American legal system is a(n)_____ process built on the notion that justice is achievable throughcompetition.Win-winCooperativeAdversarialNone of the above is correct

Our cultural perspective leads us to view conflict as all of the following except:War.Dangerous.A way to spur reform.Emotionally painful.In order to select the best dispute resolution method, it is necessary to engage in the

process of:Litigation.Conflict diagnosis.

Negotiation.None of the above is correct.All of the following are steps in the process of conflict diagnosis except:Identify sources and causes of the conflict.Identify impediments to settlement.

Choose an appropriate dispute resolution process.All of the above are steps in the process.The conflict phobic reacts to conflict by:Making extreme demands.Not preparing.Loving interpersonal conflict.

Postponing negotiations.The conflict gamer reacts to conflict by:Avoiding it.Feeling traumatized by it.Not preparing for it.

Postponing negotiation.The two "camps" of the ADR movement are the:Right and left wings.Radical and efficiency wings.Radical and left wings.Right and efficiency wings.An effective ADR program will have the effect of:Relieving crowded court dockets.Avoiding litigation down the line.

Leaving parties feeling more empoweredAll of the above are true.The ADR movement in the U.S. has been dominated by the:Efficiency wing.Right wing.Radical wing.

Left wing.

The following people could benefit from understanding conflict diagnosis:Lawyers.Negotiators.Dispute professionals.All of the above are correct.In Step One of responding to conflict, an event which causes a reaction in someone is known as a (n):Perception.Reception.Stimulus.Interpretation.


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In the second step of social interaction the perceiver sees, hears, or otherwise uses his or her senses toreceive the event, known as:Perception.Reception.Stimulus.Interpretation.After having received social stimuli, people assign meaning to what they have experienced, which isknown as:

Perception.Reception.Stimulus.InterpretationIn social science, the phrase for mental shortcuts people use to make quick assessments of others insocial interactions is known as:

Heuristics.Holistics.Mapping.Salience.The tendency of a disputant in an interpersonal conflict to see themselves as "good" and to characterizethe other side as "evil" is known as:

Demonization.Salience.Heuristics.

Context.In Step Four a disputant considers a range of possible responses. This step is known As:Interpreting.Responding.Generating options.

Weighing options.Step Five in the process is a cost benefit analysis of those options known as:Interpreting.Responding.Generating options.Weighing options.

As part of the cost benefit analysis, a disputant makes assumptions about what results his or her actionswill have, known as:Expectancy of success.Expectancy of reinforcement.Expectancy of conflict.

Expectancy of resolution.In Step Six, which is a culmination of all the previous ones, the disputant decides what to do or:Acts.Chooses an option.Plans.Perceives.In the final step, Step Seven, disputants put the option into practice, which in turn creates a new:Stimulus.Action.

Option.None of the above is correct.The purposes of describing the conflict include all of the following except:Understanding the interests of those involved.Analyzing who is involved in the conflict.Clarifying what the conflict is about.

All of the above are purposes of describing the conflict.

Writing down a description of the conflict and putting it aside for a while serves the purpose(s) of:Forgetting the conflictClarifying the divergent goals.Seeing where you need more information.Both 2 and 3 are correct.A conflict which is purely internal and does not involve another person is a(n):Interpersonal conflict.Intrapersonal conflict.Interpretive conflict.Not a conflict.


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After completing a written description of the conflict, it is important to map out the conflict. This map isknown in the field of psychology as a:Sociomap.Sociogram.Picture.Diagramatic.In a conflict diagram participants are indicated by:Circles.

A double-ended block arrow.One-tailed arrows.Straight lines.In a conflict diagram conflict is indicated by_____ with the parties at both ends.CirclesA double ended block arrow

One-tailed arrowsStraight linesIn a conflict diagram the purpose of one tailed arrows is to indicate_____ between participants.RelationshipsConflictsCommunication

ParticipationIn a conflict diagram relationships between participants are indicated by:Circles.

A double-ended block arrow.One-tailed arrows.Straight linesConflicts over ownership or control of something of value are known as_____ conflicts.Preferences and nuisances.

Data-type.Resource.Communication.A conflict revolving around two people perceiving the same event, like an accident, differently, is known asa_____ conflict.Preferences and nuisances

Data-typeResourceCommunicationWhen one disputant is doing something which harms or bothers the other, it is a _____conflict.Preferences and nuisances

Data-typeResourceCommunicationThe meaning of language or behavior may be misunderstood, causing a_____ conflict.Preferences and nuisancesData-typeResourceCommunicationWhere each disputant believes the conflict is due to a different cause, there are:

Differences in conflict orientation.Threats to self-concept and world view.Conflicts over deeply held values.Differing attributions of causation.Where one disputant's viewpoint threatens the other's central ideas about his or herself, there are:Differences in conflict orientation.

Threats to self-concept and world view.

Conflicts over deeply held values.Differing attributions of causation.Differences in the way people preferentially or automatically respond to conflict are:Differences in conflict orientation.Threats to self-concept and world view.Conflicts over deeply held valuesDiffering attributions of causation.Disputants in conflict over deeply held personal, community, or social beliefs are:Differences in conflict orientation.


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Threats to self-concept and world view.Conflicts over deeply held values.Differing attributions of causation.Being in conflict with the wrong person would be_____ conflict.MisplacedMisattributedMisalignedDisplaced

Where the disputants aren't fighting about what's really bothering them, the conflict is:Misplaced.Misattributed.Misaligned.Displaced.Often conflict participants paint themselves into a corner by firmly demanding what they want at the

outset, in a process known as:Teamwork.Negotiating.Positional bargaining.None of the above are correctAll of the following are advantages of understanding the other disputant's interests except:

Craft proposals the other side wants to accept.Avoidance of later sabotage.Avoidance of positional bargaining.

Blinding the disputant to any position but their own .To insure that they will cooperate in making a resolution work and not sabotage it, it is important toanalyze the interests of those affected by the course and outcome of a conflict known as:Constituents.Advocates.

Stakeholders.Both answers 1 and 3 are correct.The main reason to analyze the interests of agents and advocates is to determine if they have interestsadverse to their principal, known as:Strategy.Conflicts of interest.

Power struggles.None of the above is correct.In a conflict onion, revealing the layers of conflict, the demand the disputant makes to others, is known astheir:Aspirations.

Position.Principles and values.Underlying interests.I

Midterm Hrm 624

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