ORGANISATIONS PARTICIPATING IN CONSOLIDATED APPEALS DURING 2005:

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HIAHorn ReliefHWA IFRCILOIMCINTERMONINTERSOSIOMIRCIRINIslamic ReliefJVSFKOCLIBALSTGMAGMani TeseMATMDANE

Non-Violence Int'lNPANRCOCHAOCPHOHCHROpen ContinentOrphan's AidOXFAM-GBPAPPPINPRCRUFOUSBFSCF / SC-UKSCUSERLOSFPSolidaritésTASOTEARFUND

TEWPAUNAIDSUNDPUNESCOUNFPAUN-HABITAT UNHCRUNICEFUNIFEMUNMASUNODCUNRWAUNSECOORDVESTAVETAIDWACROWANEP/APDHWFPWHOWV Int'l

Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP)

The CAP is much more than an appeal for money. It is an inclusive and coordinated programme cycle of:

strategic planning leading to a Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP); resource mobilisation (leading to a Consolidated Appeal or a Flash Appeal); coordinated programme implementation; joint monitoring and evaluation; revision, if necessary; and reporting on results.

The CHAP is a strategic plan for humanitarian response in a given country or region and includes the following elements:

a common analysis of the context in which humanitarian action takes place; an assessment of needs; best, worst, and most likely scenarios; stakeholder analysis, i.e. who does what and where; a clear statement of longer-term objectives and goals; prioritised response plans; and a framework for monitoring the strategy and revising it if necessary.

The CHAP is the foundation for developing a Consolidated Appeal or, when crises break or natural disasters occur, a Flash Appeal. The CHAP can also serve as a reference for organisations deciding not to appeal for funds through a common framework. Under the leadership of the Humanitarian Coordinator, the CHAP is developed at the field level by the Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) Country Team. This team mirrors the IASC structure at headquarters and includes UN agencies, and standing invitees, i.e. the International Organization for Migration, the Red Cross Movement, and NGOs that belong to ICVA, Interaction, or SCHR. Non-IASC members, such as national NGOs, can be included, and other key stakeholders in humanitarian action, in particular host governments and donors, should be consulted.

The Humanitarian Coordinator is responsible for the annual preparation of the consolidated appeal document. The document is launched globally each November to enhance advocacy and resource mobilisation. An update, known as the Mid-Year Review, is presented to donors in June of each year.

Donors provide resources to appealing agencies directly in response to project proposals. The Financial Tracking Service (FTS), managed by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), is a database of donor contributions and can be found on www.reliefweb.int/fts

In sum, the CAP is about how the aid community collaborates to provide civilians in need the best protection and assistance available, on time.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY......................................................................................................1

2. CHANGES IN THE CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES........................2

3. REVIEW OF THE COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN..........................................3

3.1 Summary...................................................................................................................... 33.1.A Impact of Funding Levels on CHAP Implementation:...................................................3

3.2 Scenarios:..................................................................................................................... 4

3.3 Strategic Priorities:........................................................................................................4

3.4 Response Plans:...........................................................................................................53.4.A Agriculture and, Economic Recovery and Infrastructure...............................................53.4.B Coordination and Support Services..............................................................................53.4.C Environment.................................................................................................................. 63.4.D Education...................................................................................................................... 63.4.E Family Shelter and Non-Food Items.............................................................................73.4.F Food............................................................................................................................. 73.4.G Health........................................................................................................................... 73.4.H Mine Action................................................................................................................... 83.4.I Protection and Human Rights.......................................................................................83.4.J Multi sector, Assistance to Refugees............................................................................93.4.K Security.......................................................................................................................103.4.L Water and Sanitation..................................................................................................10

4. PROJECTS AND BUDGET................................................................................................10

5. CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................... 12

PROJECTS.......................................................................................................................................... 13EDUCATION.................................................................................................................................... 13MULTI SECTOR.............................................................................................................................. 14

ANNEX I. TABLE I. SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS AND CONTRIBUTIONSBY APPEALING ORGANISATION AND BY SECTOR......................................................15

ANNEX II. ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS.................................................................................16

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1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The period following the launch of the Consolidated Appeal for 2005 has been marked by increased pressure from government authorities on humanitarian agencies in country to boost assistance for host populations in Chad. The prolonged presence of Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad - one the most inhospitable, fragile and dry environments on earth - has indeed further strained local populations’ already tenuous coping mechanisms. Following violent incidents in several refugee camps, humanitarian operations were temporarily suspended for few days in May. This violence highlighted the volatility of the security situation and raised concerns of the humanitarian community.

The on-going deterioration of host communities’ living conditions has long been a major concern for the humanitarian community.1 Competition for scarce natural resources has led to increase tensions between refugees and local populations.2 United Nations (UN) Agencies and implementing partners have hence progressively adapted their response strategy in order to include host populations: the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCR) launched small-scale rapid impact projects (PIR), the World Food Programme (WFP) plans to assist an estimated 150,000 Chadians following the revision of its current emergency operation.

In eastern Chad, Sudanese refugees (around 200,000) are hosted in 12 camps3 spread over a 700-kilometre (km) border. Two additional settlements in the South of Chad host an estimated 30,000 refugees. A new influx of Central African refugees in the south was recently being reported, due to renewed violence and instability in northern Central African Republic (CAR). In all camps, UN agencies and their partners keep working in order to meet minimal standards in the provision of water, health and nutrition to the refugee population. Despite an overall improvement of the situation of refugees, including in the sectors of health and nutrition needs remain acute. In the absence of possible alternative survival strategies refugees continue to depend on outside assistance.

As insecurity in Darfur continues, possible scenarios considered in the contingency plan, including a potential additional influx of Sudanese refugees, remain valid. WFP foresees the possibility to assist an additional 150,000 Sudanese refugees in case the situation in Darfur further deteriorates.

The logistical challenges of humanitarian operations in the remote and desert Eastern Chad are enormous. They are further exacerbated by the poor level of existing infrastructure in the region. This leads to a considerable increase of costs of humanitarian operations.

The Mid-Year Review (MYR) strives to reflect these trends. In addition to assistance to refugees, it foresees significant additional financial requirements in order to address needs of host populations and to provide agencies the ability to react adequately to a possible further deterioration of the situation in Darfur, including a massive influx of refugees in eastern Chad. It also anticipates an increase in operational costs, given the difficulties to reach populations in need in the particularly harsh and under-developed Eastern-Chad environment. The CAP 2005 for Chad encompassed 65 projects in 12 sectors. In order to address the urgent protection and assist needs of 300,000 people for the rest of the year, financial requirements have been revised to US$ 223,881,823. With the donor response standing at US$ 60 million as of 10 June 2005, requirements for the remainder of 2005 total US $163,963,164.

1 Major constraints being placed by the increased presence of the refugee influx onto the local population include, among others, the high pressure on food stocks, leading to inflation and food deficits; the arrival of non immunised livestock, with risks of telluric diseases and overuse of existing natural resources (water, pasture land); the overuse of arable areas, without any possibility of natural fallow, and sometimes, the disappearance of those areas where refugees’ camps have been settled; increasing scarcity of wild harvest products (fruits, wild cereals) emphasising food insecurity for local populations; and problems of water supply for the population, livestock and gardening. This last issue has even compounded as a result of the low rainfall, decreasing food and biomass production, and the early dry up of water points. 2An incident pitted residents of the Kounoungo refugee camp against members of the local community This incident took place when residents of the Kounoungo camp were gathering wood outside the camp despite the existence of an organised wood collection scheme (whereby refugees travel together to collect wood in a government-approved site). 3 Camps include Oure Cassoni, Iridimi, Touloum, Kounoungo, Mile, Farchana, Bredjing, Treguine, Gaga, Djabal, Goz Amer, and Am Nabak.

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2. CHANGES IN THE CONTEXT AND HUMANITARIAN CONSEQUENCES

The years 2003 and 2004 had been marked by an influx of about 200,000 Sudanese refugees from Darfur in eastern Chad. Though isolated arrivals of new refugees have occasionally been reported during the past six months, there has been no significant increase in the number of refugees. Similarly, although Sudanese refugees generally express a willingness to return to their place of origin, as of today the volatile security situation in Darfur prevent any large-scale return4 (few isolated returns to Sudan have actually been reported).

Chad remains one of least developed and poorest country in the world.5 Worrisome humanitarian indicators such as under-five mortality (200/1,000), maternal mortality (830/100,000), malnutrition rates (moderate & severe: 28%; severe: 3.5%), and life expectancy at 44,7 years highlight the difficult context in which the refugee crisis occurred.6 The influx of refugees weighs heavily on eastern Chad populations and fragile environment, characterised by poor infrastructure and absence of basic social services. In addition to on-going insecurity in the region, which directly affects rural activities in Chad, overuse of arable areas (in particular in the ouadis), the loss of fields to host refugees camps7, and the high demographic growth increased pressure on food stocks and natural resources of host populations and made them more vulnerable and food insecure. The situation resulted in growing inflation and food deficit in some areas where crops used to exceed requirements. The arrival of non-immunised livestock8 in Chad increased risks of diseases. Competition for water, firewood and grazing land and roaming livestock that destroy fields have led to increased tensions between refugees and host populations. While assessment missions led in eastern Chad at the end of 2004 revealed that the health and nutritional condition of refugees had largely improved since June 2004, they also concluded that the local population had become ‘as vulnerable as the refugees as a result of a poor agricultural season.’9 As an additional factor compounding the crisis, the on-going exhaustion of natural resources raises major environmental concerns.

In early May, UNHCR opened a 12th camp, named Gaga, in order to face overcrowding and lack of water resources in central eastern Chad camps. As of 10 June, 3,942 refugees have already been transferred from the border areas and Bredjing camp to Gaga. UNHCR will proceed to the transfer of additional refugees from the border areas and from two other camps (Farchana, and Djabal) once the infrastructure will have been put in place (tents, water and sanitation facilities, clinics, etc.). The plan is to relocate a total of 15,000 refugees to Gaga.

Re-registration exercises that UNHCR carried out in April and May showed that eastern Chad currently hosts an estimated 193,300 refugees.10 Unfortunately, violent incidents, which the re-registration generated in refugee camps, did not allow the completion of the exercise. Incidents forced humanitarian agencies to suspend their activities for several days in the camps of Touloum and Iridimi, and for precautionary measures in Mile and Kounoungo. As of 10 June, humanitarian assistance has resumed normally in Iridimi, Kounoungo and Mile following the signature by refugees and Chadian authorities/humanitarian actors of agreements for the completion of the re-registration and the recognition of the Government of Chad’s authority over the camps. The situation in Touloum remains in a stalemate. Violent incidents also occurred in the camp of Am Nabak, in May, following alleged mishandling in the distribution of plastic sheeting. As a result, two refugees and one gendarme were killed. These incidents highlight the deterioration of the security situation in refugee camps. Discussions with local authorities to address this issue are in progress.

4 Following statements of Sheiks allegedly representing refugees, UNHCR approached refugees in Kounoungo camp. The refugees indicated that even though they are willing to return to their places of origin in the future, security remains a major concern, which prevents them to do so. 5Human Development Index of 0.379 for Chad, see United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Human Development Report 2004. 6 Moreover, considering that the eastern part of the country has been traditionally neglected, such indicators should still be lower. 7 The camps of Bredjing, Treguine, Kounoungo, Goz Amir and Djabal would have settled on 600 former fields. 8 Estimated to be around 1.5 million.9 According to a Comité Inter-Etats de la lutte contre la sécheresse dans le Sahel/Famine Early Warning System (CILSS/FEWS) Net first estimation, harvest of cereals in 2004 in Chad should reach 36% less than 2003, and 17% less than the average for the last 5 years. The low rainfall levels and the locusts invasion should account for this fall in production.10 In addition, the region also hosts an unspecified number of non-registered refugees that have been hosted by host populations along the border and further inland

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The volatility of Chad-Sudan relations is arising as an additional source of concerns. In April, Chadian authorities accused the Sudanese government of hosting 3,000 Chadian rebels and to attempt destabilising the country. As a result, the Chadian government suspended temporarily its mediation between Darfur rebel groups and Sudanese authorities. Though relations between the two countries have since cooled down, military presence in eastern Chad has reportedly increased, raising concerns of humanitarian agencies operating in that part of the country.

3. REVIEW OF THE COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN

3.1 SUMMARY

Though the situation of Sudanese refugees has stabilised, their continuous presence further strain already fragile coping mechanisms of local populations and heavily weighs on eastern Chad hostile and poor environment. Over the past 6 months government authorities have been increasing pressure on humanitarian agencies to boost assistance for Chadian host communities.

UN agencies have progressively started addressing the needs of local populations. UNHCR has decided to allocate part of its resources for projects geared towards host populations and launched a programme for small-scale PIRs11. Similarly, WFP has increased food assistance to local populations, targeting particularly vulnerable groups such as young children, pregnant women, nursing mothers and the elderly. WFP also initiated several food-for-work schemes with its partners in order to build local assets and infrastructure. During the supplementary measles and polio vaccination campaigns, children in host communities were vaccinated. As of today, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) supports five Therapeutic Feeding Centres (TFCs) in host communities, as well as schools, and is expected to expand its assistance to local populations in this field. Besides, UNICEF is constructing 20 wells in the host communities of Djabal and Goz Amer and implements hygiene promotion programmes. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is preparing to assist host families with essential agricultural inputs12 and to vaccinate part of livestock against telluric diseases and to reinforce and optimise emergency operations and agricultural rehabilitation.

As the implementation of humanitarian programmes progresses, important challenges remain. Lessons learned from previous years continue to be of relevance in maintaining a close and constructive relationship with the host government. They also help manage a common UN/Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs)/Donors/Government information service and keep the aid community informed on activities, plans, issues of common concern, priorities and response strategies, progress made and recommendations for action.

3.1.A Impact of Funding Levels on CHAP ImplementationAs of 10 June, the Consolidated Appeal 2005 (US$ 223 million) is 27% funded. Agencies have been prompted to revise or sensitise donors on their appealing figures in order to address humanitarian needs in Chad.

On 12 April, WFP appealed for US$ 87 million in food aid to cover refugees’ needs until the end of next year, including sufficient delivery of stocks to camps ahead of the rainy season.13 WFP also appealed for an additional US$ 7 million to maintain the vital air service that transports humanitarian personnel and material between N’Djaména and Abéché, and to airstrips near the refugee camps in eastern and southern Chad. With the refugee population settled in camps strung out along a 700-kilometre strip in eastern Chad, and given the poor transport infrastructure, the air link turns essential at the height of the rainy season.

11 Recently in May 2005, UNHCR organised a joint field visit with local government authorities to the departments of Dar Sila and Assoungha in the East to identify needs and the most relevant projects to be funded under this UNHCR arrangement for small-scale rapid impact projects. Approval committees have been put in place in these areas and will soon start approving projects. 12 Such as millet, sorghum and peanuts seeds for the next 2005 rainy season, seeds for dropping of the water level farming, such as sorghum, watermelon, and peas; and seeds for gardening and tools to vulnerable families having favourable conditions (fields, water). 13 Considering that most of the camps cannot be access by road during the rainy season, a minimum three months’ requirements need to be pre-positioned.

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On 11 April, UNHCR released a supplementary appeal with the aim of further strengthening its protection activities in Eastern Chad and Darfur (US$ 81,225,813 has been budgeted for Eastern Chad). UNHCR will continue its efforts to meet basic humanitarian standards through a combination of protection monitoring and multi-sectoral assistance. UNHCR will also strive to ensure that refugee camps maintain their civilian character.

The FAO is planning to set up a Coordination Unit for Emergency Projects and Agricultural Rehabilitation, as requested in the current Consolidated Appeal. The organisation submitted supplementary projects to the United States Agency for International Development (USAID)/Office for the United States Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA) and to the European Union (EU). The implementation of this plan will permit the reinforcement of the Abéché sub-office. It will also allow setting up a linkage of cooperation between line ministries delegations and the central administrations, NGOs, and other international organisations.

3.2 SCENARIOS CHAP planning scenarios as included in the 2005 Consolidated Appeal remain valid:

Best-case scenario The conflict in Darfur is settled. Peace is signed between the Sudanese Government and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) and the Sudanese Liberation Army (SLA) rebel movements. Sudanese refugees return to their places of origin.

Most realistic scenarioThe situation in Darfur continues to be unstable and the number of refugees increases.14 Given the persisting insecurity in Sudan, refugees are unable to return to their place of origin. Issues raised by their likely long-term presence in Chad must be addressed. Tensions between the local population and refugees derive into security incidents. Increased assistance to host populations is required.

Worst scenarioAs the situation in Darfur keeps impacting on neighbouring Chad, including new influx of refugees, the internal situation deteriorates. Political instability leads to a conflict in Chad and generates population and refugee displacements. Humanitarian agencies operate in a reduced humanitarian space.15

3.3 STRATEGIC PRIORITIES

The CAP 2005 strategic priorities for the humanitarian response remain valid:

Reduce tensions between host populations and refugees; Cover basic needs of refugees; Cover basic needs of local populations affected by the influx of refugees.

UN agencies and their partners will keep focusing on strategic priorities defined in the CAP 2005 to address the on-going crisis. Assistance in the sector of food, health and education is already being provided to both refugees and host communities. However, given the destitute state of Chadian populations in areas affected by the refugee crisis, as well as the increasing pressure of Chadian authorities for more assistance to host populations, an increase of the cost of humanitarian operations is foreseen.

14 Even though the situation in Darfur remains volatile and the number of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) is increasing, the refugee population in Chad has remained stable since the end of 2004.15 Though the country has not experienced serious incidents recently, the political situation remains blurred. Sparse participation to the 6 June referendum on the amendment of the constitution suggests either opposition or apathy.

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3.4 RESPONSE PLANS 3.4.A Agriculture and, Economic Recovery and Infrastructure Food security conditions of host communities have seriously been affected by the refugee crisis. They have further been compounded by the drought in 2004 and the locusts’ invasion—leading around one million animals to search for other agricultural areas after destruction of fields. Host communities, who shared their scarce resources with Sudanese refugees at the beginning of the crisis, no longer have seeds for the next agricultural campaign.16

Priority must be given to the improvement of food security and income generating activities for host communities through the distribution of seeds and tools. Securing gardening and livestock, through the development of vaccination programmes against telluric diseases, is of utmost importance. Finally, income-generating activities for the rehabilitation of women and youth must be given special attention. In that line, upcoming FAO activities will include the provision of food crops seeds to compensate the current gap and increase yields of next campaign; the provision of gardening seeds and tools to support local populations in increasing their income and diversify their food baskets; the immunisation of livestock against telluric diseases; the management in a sustainable way of natural resources; and the coordination of agricultural, forestry and pastoral activities.

To support the local population, WFP will participate in implementing a seed protection programme by providing food assistance to local farmers. The project has not started yet due to FAO lack of resources for this programme. UN agencies and partners are exploring alternative solutions to ensure the immediate purchase of necessary seeds. FAO is currently supporting Chadian authorities in addressing the locusts’ invasion.

Since their access to fertile land and water remains limited, refugees in eastern Chad cannot be expected to increase self-reliance through agricultural activities. Besides, making land available for refugees would conflict with the needs of local populations. Therefore, WFP’s priorities remain twofold: to support the local population with income generating activities; to continue providing full food rations to refugees.

In order to strengthen the self-reliance of more than 30,000 CAR refugees in southern Chad, WFP plans to reinforce its support to agricultural production for those who are farmers and to promote income-generating activities for others. These activities will include rehabilitation of basic infrastructures and environmental preservation.

3.4.B Coordination and Support ServicesWith a permanent in-country presence since 2005, the objective of the Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) is to support the Humanitarian Coordinator in its coordinating role of the humanitarian response to the crisis. Currently based in N’Djamena, OCHA staff regularly travels to Abéché to take part in Coordination meetings and to liase with UN agencies and NGOs. OCHA focuses on the coordination of assistance to local populations and endeavours to ensure that needs of both refugees and host communities are addressed. With that aim OCHA is currently building a database of projects for host populations. An assessment mission was conducted in September 2004 to identify needs of host communities in the eastern part of the country. The Humanitarian Coordinator, with the support of OCHA, is striving to implement an information centre where relevant data would be made accessible to the humanitarian community.

However, exhaustive reliable baseline data to assess local populations’ needs and reliable statistics on which to base assistance are still missing. Most population figures available are projections made from the 1993 national census. Figures of the census conducted to prepare the 6 June 2005 referendum have not been made available yet. Gathering credible database and available information on host communities is a critical prerequisite to address adequately the needs of local populations. The full implementation of the CAP United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) project aiming for a census of host populations in the East of the country is therefore a priority for the humanitarian community.

16 In the southeastern camps of Goz Beida and Farchana, seeds are available but farmers do not have enough resources to purchase them.

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3.4.C EnvironmentRedressing the heightened environmental degradation caused by the arrival of 200,000 people in eastern Chad is perhaps the greatest single challenge to humanitarian and development actors in the country. A comprehensive environmental strategy focusing on organised, safe and approved firewood collection, diminished firewood needs through increased use of more efficient firewood stoves (or fuel substitution, to kerosene), reforestation, stepped up food production activities, improved animal health (vaccination of animals maintained by refugees), environmental sensitisation (i.e. information) campaigns and improved data collection concerning natural resources in the region, in particular through partnership with the France-based Centre for International Cooperation for Agricultural Research for Development (CIRAD) is needed.

UNHCR has introduced numerous measures to reduce the refugees’ environmental footprint: the institution of controlled fuel wood collection in government-approved areas, the introduction of kerosene stoves and improved efficiency stoves. It has also piloted projects with solar cookers and very efficient stoves. Similar efforts are foreseen by UNHCR for the south. Agricultural production by refugees on lands made available to them by the Chadian government and with seeds and tools made available by FAO already allow for refugees to grow a proportion of their own food. It is anticipated that of the refugees opting to integrate locally 50% of their food needs will be met by such food production within two years. Limited reforestation efforts have already commenced and will be stepped up.

According to FAO, priorities in this sector should include the rational management of the natural resources and the use of alternate sources of energy. The high degradation of the environment, linked to excessive woodcutting, and over pasture, have led to an increased disappearance of the vegetal cover and increased the process of erosion.

3.4.D EducationOverall objectives for the education sector for the rest of 2005 remain unchanged, with some activities having been included, such as the construction of semi-permanent classrooms, the provision and distribution of uniforms and the provision of additional textbooks, adding to an extra requirement of approximately US$ 3 million.17

A major constraint in planning assistance to host populations is the lack of information regarding the exact number of children enrolled in schools in host communities. Notwithstanding that, more than 48,000 children between 6 and 14 years old have been enrolled up-to-date in primary schools in the refugee camps. As for teachers training in the refugee camps, 16 trainers and approximately350 teachers were trained in methodology. Pre-school animators also received training and monitoring visits have been scheduled for June.

In 2005, construction of semi-permanent classrooms started in ten refugee camps in the East, financed by UNICEF and UNHCR18. Meanwhile, pre-school facilities are already in place in 11 camps and related activities are foreseen for the host communities. Recently, the Governors of Ouaddai and Biltine regions, in agreement with UNICEF, signed a list of 45 host community schools to be assisted. WFP, under its School Feeding programme, is currently assisting some 241 schools in host communities in eastern Chad and 37,500 children are receiving daily hot meals19. So far, about5,000 children in three host communities have also benefited from the distribution of 50 school-in-a-box kits, five recreation kits and two tents. In the host community of Hadjer Hadid, ten semi-permanent classrooms are currently under construction.

For the rest of the year, ongoing activities will continue. It is envisaged that semi-permanent school construction will end before the rainy season starts. Additional learning and teaching materials, such as recreational kits, notebooks, textbooks, uniforms, and furniture, will be distributed in the 12 eastern camps and surrounding host communities. In addition to the training of teachers and pre-school

17 In 2005, UNICEF has already distributed 170 school tents and various school materials in 11 camps: about 300 school-in-a-kits, 180 recreation kits, 170 pre-school kits, 27,500 textbooks and more than 3,000 teachers’ kits.18 474 semi-permanent classrooms, out of which UNICEF is financing the construction of 256 classrooms, and UNHCR the construction of another 218. 19 This number includes 1,628 pupils in 10 schools under the Emergency Operation, and 35,901 pupils in 231 schools under the Country Programme in eastern Chad.

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animators in methodology, complementary trainings of teachers in life skills—including Human Immuno-deficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)—peace education, human and children’s rights and non-formal education activities for adolescents, are all planned to take place in the camps and surrounding host communities before the end of 2005.

3.4.E Family Shelter and Non-Food Items Objectives and priorities for this sector remain the same. However, the strategy is now under implementation by UNHCR and other partners. UNHCR plans to replace 30% of non-food items provided to refugees in 2004. UNHCR also has a contingency stock for 50,000 potential new arrivals.

3.4.F Food Despite delays faced in the dispatch of food through the Libyan corridor in late 2004 and early 2005, WFP has managed to adequately, and continuously, assist some 200,000 refugees. Since March 2005, refugees have received a full monthly ration, providing 2,100 Kilocalories (Kcal) per person per day. Moving food through Libya, in an effort to increase the logistics capacity and food deliveries into Chad, has been a major challenge for WFP. New warehouse facilities are ready in Abéché to receive food convoys coming through Libya.

The long-standing presence of Sudanese refugees has placed food security of local communities under intense pressure. In many cases, they have even become more vulnerable than the refugees themselves. Consequently, and in collaboration with various partners, WFP has initiated a number of food-for-work activities for host communities, targeting over 4,600 households (23,000 beneficiaries).

To ensure uninterrupted food distributions in the refugee camps, WFP is currently pre-positioning food before roads become impassable at the onset of the rainy season. In the southeastern camps - Goz Amir and Djabal – pre-positioning has been completed, and is sufficient to meet requirements up to November and October respectively. While the eastern central camps were expected to be covered by the end of May, WFP expects to have covered all camps in eastern Chad by June 2005. So far, almost 11,000 metric tonnes (MTs) of food have been stored at the camps, out of a total requirement of 17,000 MTs. However, additional resources are needed to cover the most urgent food needs of refugees and host populations in eastern Chad until the end of the year.

Due to lack of funding, the situation for more than 30,000 CAR refugees living in the Amboko and Yaroungo camps in southern Chad continues to be precarious. Constant pipeline breaks have not allowed WFP to fully meet the nutritional needs of beneficiaries.

While some refugees are engaging in agricultural production, small trade and other income-generating activities, support is still needed to avoid a deterioration of their nutritional condition as well as increased tension with host communities. Resources permitting, WFP aims at increasing the refugees’ self-reliance by reinforcing agricultural production and income generating activities in the second half of 2005.

3.4.G Health The health sector objectives and priorities as described in the CAP 2005 continue to be valid. The World Health Organization (WHO) has managed to make progress in the epidemiological monitoring of the refugee camps and host populations in the East of Chad, by putting in place an Epidemiological Surveillance and Early Warning system. The early detection of meningitis in refugee camps and host communities in January 2005 proved the efficacy of this system, funded through a 2004 bilateral fund of approximately US$ 600,000 that however needs reinforcement. The Nutritional Surveillance component has not been fully funded and in that respect, the response plan needs to be modified. The strategy for cholera prevention by oral cholera vaccine, costing US$ 2,650,000 will need to be cancelled also.

UNICEF has been able to support one measles and three polio vaccination campaigns with materials and technical expertise, and has provided blankets and mosquito nets as preventive measures—the former for acute respiratory infections during the cold season, the latter for malaria prevention. UNICEF also plans other measles and polio vaccination activities by the end of 2005, and to support

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vaccination against tetanus for women of childbearing age. There is still a need to reinforce the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) (routine vaccination) for under-two children in the refugee camps and under-one in host communities.

Provision of WFP food assistance to the Sudanese refugees residing in camps in northeastern Chad has considerably improved their nutritional status when compared to the results of a nutritional survey undertaken by the Centre for Disease Control in June 200420. Other efforts are also accountable in this improvement, as has been UNICEF’s support with materials and technical expertise of 11 TFCs in similar number of camps, and of five TFCs in host communities’ hospitals. UNICEF has also financed a nutritional survey in five refugee camps and their corresponding host communities, de-worming activities in schools in refugee camps, training of health and community agents in nutrition issues, HIV/AIDS, hygiene education and in measles vaccination. Supplementary Feeding Centres (SFCs) were supported with nutritional supplements, training and high-energy biscuits. Lack of funds for the nutrition component could have severe consequences, especially in the support given to host communities.

HIV/AIDS initiatives in the Chadian refugee camps have been limited to awareness raising. The epidemic, not viewed as a direct threat to life, has prompted such limited initiatives, as it is not seen as a priority during the acute phase of emergency. However, with the arrival of thousands of refugees from Darfur and CAR, there is a large potential of HIV spread. While the implementation of HIV/AIDS related activities would give the opportunity to provide access to basic HIV/AIDS related services, it would also provide those long time missing skills to combat this disease in the refugee camps in eastern and southern Chad.

3.4.H Mine Action As part of the CAP revision, in an acknowledgement that not all projects proposed in the mine action sector were directly related to the refugee crisis in Chad, and that some bilateral funding has been secured for its implementation, agencies have agreed to reduce this component in the CAP for the remaining of the year. In that regard, the UNICEF mine-risk education project limited to the East has decreased to US$ 112,000.  The objectives and priorities for the sector are still valid, and UNDP and implementing partners have agreed to take a number of smaller projects out of the CAP and focus their attention on one larger scale humanitarian Mine Action project.

3.4.I Protection and Human RightsTwo camps in eastern Chad, Oure Cassoni and Am Nabak, remain closer to the Sudanese border than the minimum 50 kms required by UNHCR policy. Lengthy negotiations with the central and regional authorities have not resulted in an agreement to move the refugees in the two camps further inland. Obstacles to such a move included the failure to find adequate water supplies and the Chadian Government’ concerns about the impact of such a move on the relatively sparse population in the surrounding areas. The possibility that a move at this time would be misperceived by the Chadian population as an invitation to the refugees to remain indefinitely is also an obstacle. No final decision has been taken by UNHCR on what to do with the camps which, interestingly, were free from the problems seen in Iridimi, Touloum, Kounoungou and Goz Amer camps in early May, all of which are significantly further inland.

UNHCR has had very limited success sensitising refugees of their obligations and rights. This will be redressed in part by a significant mass information campaign to begin later in 2005. This project will strengthen the appreciation of refugees for what Chad has done for them, including the high order of rights extension (movement, work, association, access to courts, non-discrimination). It will also provide a basis for mass information efforts in respect of repatriation, as soon as conditions for return in safety and dignity prevail. This initiative will need to be kept going and, ideally, expanded in 2006.

20 While the current situation can be considered stable, recent nutritional screenings conducted by Médecins sans Frontières-Luxembourg (MSF-L) and Action Against Hunger (ACF) have also shown that the ongoing malnutrition is mainly attributable to non-food factors, including lack of water, poor sanitation, cultural habits (use of traditional medicine) and mothers’ neglect of their children.

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Protection activities relating to sexual and gender based violence (SGBV) remain a priority in eastern, southern and urban programming. The women’s vigilance committees established in the two southern settlements are being reinforced and closer liaison with domestic human rights NGOs will improve the likelihood of prosecutions for gender-related violence as well as women’s access to legal assistance.

In terms of Child Protection, 32 social workers in the refugee camps have received training in psychosocial support. UNICEF has also opened four child friendly spaces in the camps of Iridimi and Touloum and their corresponding host communities, where approximately 2,650 children per week benefit from this psychosocial support. For the future, the training of teachers in children rights and prevention of abuse, and youth groups in children rights, SGBV, and life skills will be provided in all camps. Other planned activities include a baseline survey on SGBV in four camps, provide support to income generating activities for foster care givers, train 55 social workers and 20 trainers in psycho-social support, and establish one child friendly space per camp.

A human rights adviser will be deployed during the latter part of this year to advise the United Nations Country/Inter-Agency Standing Committee (UNC/IASC) Team in Chad on mainstreaming Human Rights in humanitarian assistance programmes and activities, as well as the development of strategies for possible strengthening of human rights presence.

3.4.J Multi sector, Assistance to RefugeesThe objectives set out in the Consolidated Appeal – adequate protection inside and around the camps while maintaining their civilian character, access by refugees to adequate resources, education and community services, attracting development agencies to the region to assist local populations, monitor new arrivals, register refugees, develop partner capacity — related only to the situation in eastern Chad.

Water remains the pre-eminent challenge. Identifying and sustaining adequate supplies will grow harder in light of the depletion of existing reserves by unexpected demand and if the widespread predictions of drought come to pass. Refugees in several camps are already not receiving the minimum recommended 15 litres per person per day. It is simply not possible to drain every drop of known water in eastern Chad: it is not sustainable even over the short term and it is not fair to the local population. It will lead to clashes and potentially incalculable costs.

Seeking to have it sustain an additional 200,000 persons often overlooks the heavy cost of the assistance provided by the natural environment in Chad to refugees. To date, despite occasional flare-ups, there has not been significant, widespread fighting between refugees and Chadians. Without radically increased attention to the needs of this sector however, such clashes are inevitable. As set out in section 3.4.C, UNHCR is expanding its alternative energy, improved efficiency, tree planting and other environmental efforts on behalf of refugees and local populations. It must do so in conjunction with partners and rely on them as well as its own ability to bring the needed financial resources. To continue in its catalytic role, UNHCR needs the funds to underwrite jump-start activities such as studies, conferences, pilots and training.

The 30,000 CAR refugees residing in Yaroungou and Amboko settlements were overlooked completely in the Consolidated Appeal and need to be brought into it. UNHCR’s efforts on behalf of these refugees are split between preparations for the anticipated repatriation of those willing to return and enhanced local integration activities for those who will remain. While circumstances for return were looking propitious even a few weeks ago with the largely peaceful conclusion of the Presidential elections in CAR, the results having been deemed adequately free and fair by the international community and apparently accepted by the citizens of CAR, very recent violence in northern CAR has prompted a new movement of CAR refugees to come to Chad. UNHCR had not planned or budgeted for any such influx and if the situation in CAR continues to deteriorate, there will undoubtedly be fewer if any refugees opting to repatriate. The need for additional resources and in particular the increased presence of UN and other development actors must necessarily grow more acute.

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3.4.K Security Following a series of incidents in some of the eastern camps and given increasing worries of the humanitarian community regarding its own safety, the priorities for the security component in the CAP 2005 remain valid. This component remains un-funded as of 10 June.

3.4.L Water and Sanitation Sector objectives in the water and sanitation sector remain effectively the same since there has been no major change in the context and needs. UNHCR and partners have made progress in addressing the pressing issue of overcrowding in some of the refugee camps in the eastern part of Chad and its consequences on the access to and availability of potable water and sanitation facilities. With the opening of a new camp in Gaga, approximately 5,000 refugees have already been transferred from the bordering areas of Adre, and from the camps of Bredjing, and Djabal. The Coordenacã das Organizações de Serviço Voluntário (INTERSOS) is finalising agreements with UNHCR and the European Commission on Humanitarian Affairs (ECHO) to build new water systems for the camps of Djabal and Goz Amir to provide access to safe and potable water under the Project on a Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response (SPHERE) standards. Other efforts have been made since the beginning of the year to increase the water capacity and the number of sewage disposal facilities in the other camps: Norwegian Church Aid (NCA) in Iridimi and Touloum camps, and OXFAM-UK in Am Nabak and Kounoungo camps. Some key indicators in retrospective underline the improving conditions for refugees in camps in the East21:

Key water and sanitation average indicators for refugee camps in the East of Chad

Indicators Week 51, 2004 Week 14, 2005

Access to safe water (litres/person/day) Average: 12.6 Range: 7.4 – 16.3

Average: 15.27Range: 7.1 – 21.0

Access to excreta disposal facilities (persons/latrine) Average: 33Range: 13 – 426

Average: 26.63Range: 16 - 50

Persons/water distribution point Average: 163Range: 64 – 337

Average: 146Range: 75 - 290

Source: Weekly Reports, UNHCR

In terms of assistance to host communities, a monthly working group on water and sanitation has been created. It has developed and agreed upon a strategy for the construction and rehabilitation of water points focusing on villages’ selection criteria’s and technical standards for the implementation of project in the host communities. Through the general humanitarian coordination mechanism in place in eastern Chad, co-chaired by the Governors of Wadi Fira and Biltine and UNHCR, at least40 projects have been finalised in this sector in host communities.

The sectoral response plan would need to: (a) increase focus on sanitation, solid waste management and hygiene promotion; and (b) balance the humanitarian assistance in the sector by addressing equity concerns for affected host communities.

4. PROJECTS AND BUDGET

As of 10 June 2005, 27% of the 2005 Consolidated Appeal for Chad has been covered thanks to donors. Yet, considering the scale of unmet needs in the country and the increased pressure on already strained Chadian populations, funds available remain insufficient. Several components of the CAP, such as agriculture, education, health, protection, and water and sanitation remain severely under funded. The foreseeable long-term presence of Sudanese refugees in eastern Chad and its impact on host populations calls for increase aid for Chadian populations. At the same time, it drives considering longer-term scope for projects targeting refugees. In this context, the Infrastructure and

21 However, there remains a gap in terms of translating water and sanitation benefits into health outcomes as has been shown by the Hepatitis E outbreak in six camps (Djabal, Goz Amir, Bredjing, Farchana, Iridimi and Toulom). Those health outcomes can be attributed to, inter alia, inadequate consistent maintenance of water quality standards, access to sewage disposal facilities, hygiene promotion and good hygiene practices.

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Economic Recovery sector arises as critical sectors to be funded. As of 10 June, no funding has been committed towards projects in this sector.

In line with the Mid-Year Review, agencies and implementing partners have reviewed the projects included. In the agriculture sector, FAO is still appealing for the same projects except for theCHD-05/A02: Urgent provision of essential agriculture inputs for the Sudanese refugees and host communities, and reinsertion of women and youth in productive activities, which had considered a total amount of US$ 3,322,800. World Vision International (WVI), not operational in the East of Chad anymore, is removing its project CHD-O5/A08: Seeds and tools for refugees and local population, as well as all its other projects included in the CAP.

OCHA is also revising its appeal for the amount that has already been raised through the CAP(US$ 284,495). It maintains its project for Emergency Humanitarian Actions (US$ 339,000), which has received no funding so far. All other projects in the Coordination and Support Services section remain, with the exception of one WFP project CHD-05/CSS05: UN Humanitarian Air Service in Chad supporting the EMOP 10327.0 - Emergency assistance for the Sudanese refugees in the east of Chad (WFP SO 10338.0), which due to increasing operational costs since the preparation of the initial CAP budget (the number of hours required for the air operation as well as aircraft costs have increased) WFP is increasing its appeal to US$ 8,513,514 for 2005.

In the food sector, WFP is also revising the amounts requested for its two projects in favour of refugee populations:

CHD-05/F01: Emergency Assistance for Sudanese refugees and the local population in north-eastern Chad (WFP EMOP 10327.0), has been increased to an overall net requirement ofUS$ 70,703,950 for 2005 due to an increase in the refugee caseload from 225,000 to 250,000;

CHD-05/F02: Emergency assistance for refugees from Central African Republic refugees in the south of Chad (WFP EMOP 10295), has been adjusted to a reduced amount of US$ 4,145,143 for 2005, as a result of a reduction in food rations, and consequently food requirements, as compared to initial CAP inputs. All other projects in the Coordination and Support Services section remain, with revisions for the WFP projects in this component:

In the health sector the same projects remain as they were considered in the CAP, with the sole exception of the UNFPA project, CHD-05/H08, Provision of reproductive health services for the Sudanese refugees and the host communities in the East of Chad, which is revised downward to an amount of US$ 1,025,100. While UNICEF has received a strong funding of around US$ 1.8 million for the health component of its projects, it still needs to raise around US$ 1.7 million for the nutrition part, and US$ 106,000 for the HIV/AIDS component. In this regard, the United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) provides support to the CHAD National Coordinating body on HIV/AIDS. Focusing on the Sudanese and CAR refugees and host populations, the National AIDS Control Programme has developed a plan of action that still waits to be funded.

In the education sector, UNICEF is in need of supplementary funding for its Basic education in emergencies project, for an approximate US$ 3 million. The funds are needed for the construction of 31 semi-permanent schools in five camps, for purchasing and distributing 100,000 uniforms and 240,000 textbooks for the Sudanese refugee children.

UNDP will also revise the section on mine action following a consensus within the country team that the CAP should focus on the actual refugee crisis in the country. UNDP has thus agreed to take a number of smaller projects out of the CAP and focus its attention on one larger scale humanitarian Mine Action project. Two other projects not directly related to the refugee crisis are also taken out, while the projects in the field of human rights and local conflict prevention that seeks to address the tensions between refugees and the host population are maintained.

UNHCR has revised its multi-sector project CHD-05/MS01: Protection and assistance for the Sudanese refugees from Darfur in eastern Chad from US$ 59,500,000 to US$ 81,225,813. A multi sector project for refugees from CAR, which was previously not part of the CAP, has been included amounting to US$ 5,471,342. Consequently, UNHCR’s total revised requirements have increased by US$ 27,197,155.

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Of the US$ 1.57 million UNICEF has requested in the CAP for child protection activities,US$ 1,302,620 has been raised. UNICEF will either reduce or, provided it receives funds, implement its project CHD-05/P/HR/RL-09 on adolescent protection. UNICEF project CHD-05/P/HR/RL-08 on SGBV will be only partially implemented, with a reduced budget of US$ 168,000 limited to conducting a SGBV baseline survey in four camps and SGBV training of certain target groups.

Finally, in the water and sanitation sector, INTERSOS is removing its project CHD-05/WS06: Improvement of health and water availability at water points. In the case of the Oxfam UK project, CHD-05/WS07, the target population is revised to include beneficiaries in the camps and host communities where it is currently working: Bredjing, Treguine, Kounoungo, Am Nabak and Gaga camps (80,000 refugees) and in the host communities of Hadjar Hadid and Guereda (25,000).

All these revisions have brought the CAP review for Chad up to a total amount of US$ 223,881,823, reflecting a rising need to devote more resources for assistance to host populations and increasing operational costs deriving from the specificity of the Chadian environment.

5. CONCLUSION

During the remaining part of 2005 UN agencies and partners will continue to provide assistance to nearly 200,000 Sudanese and more than 30,000 CAR refugees. In order to face high unmet humanitarian needs in the country and to avoid a deterioration of the situation between refugees and local communities, agencies will also increase their assistance to host populations. However, given the foreseeable continuation of the crisis in Darfur and the subsequent likely durable presence of Sudanese refugees in Chad, the humanitarian response should start considering longer-term actions. A CAP for 2006 is therefore foreseen.

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PROJECTS

EDUCATIONAppealing Agency: UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN’S FUNDProject Title: Basic education in an emergency situation.Project Code: CHD-05/E01Sector: EducationObjective: To ensure quality teaching for basic life skills for Sudanese school

age children in the 12 refugee camps, and 30,000 children registered at schools in the neighbouring host communities. To support training activities and non-formal education for teenagers in the refugee camps and the host communities.

Targeted Beneficiaries: 65,000 primary school age children in the 12 refugee camps30,000 children in the host communities 5,000 adolescents, (4,000 in the camps, 1,000 in the host communities)

Implementing Partners: Ministry of National Education, UNHCR, WFP, Care International, Christian Outreach, Relief and Development (CORD),

Project Duration: June – December 2005 Funds requested: US$ 5,488,636

Project SummaryApproximately 200,000 Sudanese refugees fled Darfur into eastern Chad and the number could reach 300,000. To ensure refugee children’s right to education and to assist them in coping with traumas, UNICEF plans emergency actions for 65,000 primary school age children in refugee camps, and 30,000 in surrounding host communities. UNICEF will respond to information needs, competencies for basic life skills (education on peaceful conflict resolution, stress management and prevention of STD/AIDS, etc.) and support recreational activities for 5,000 adolescents, including 1,000 in the host communities.

Activities Development of training and pedagogic/didactic material based on the Sudanese curriculum; Reinforcing the capacities of the supervisors, teachers and facilitators; Supply of school tents and consolidation of 170 school tents; construction of 256 semi-

permanent classrooms in the refugee camps of Iridimi, Touloum, Bredjing, Treguine and Gaga; Purchase and distribution of 100,000 school uniforms for 50,000 refugee school children Supply of 260,000 textbooks, furniture for teachers for 256 semi-permanent classrooms,

educational kits and leisure equipment; Coordination, monitoring and evaluation of the activities of education on the ground.

Expected OutcomesActivities will provide for educational continuity for 65,000 children in 12 refugee camps, of 30,000 children in host community schools and the education of 5,000 teenagers on basic life skills.

FINANCIAL SUMMARYDescription US$

Writing/translating and publishing teaching materials 190,000Teacher training on pedagogy, the basic curriculum and the competencies for everyday life 200,000Training of non-formal supervisors and facilitators 100,000Training of educators and adolescents on the competencies for everyday life 100,000Purchasing furniture, equipment, materials and leisure equipment , including 240,000 textbooks and 100,000 uniforms

1,850,000

Providing school kits 450,000Materials and accessories for constructions in the camps, including for the construction of 256 classrooms and consolidation of 170 tents

1,780,000

Coordination, monitoring and evaluation 200,000Sub-Total 4,870,000Indirect costs for the supervision of the programme* 618,636Total 5,488,636

*The rate is calculated according to the decision of the UNICEF Administration Council 2003/9, 5 June 2003.

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MULTI SECTORAppealing Agency: UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEESProject Title: Assistance to refugees from Central African Republic in southern

ChadProject Code: CHD-05/MS02Sector: Multi Sector (Refugees)Objective: To provide necessary assistance while pursuing repatriation and

local integration solutions for 30,000 refugees from Central African Republic in southern Chad.

Targeted Beneficiaries: 14,500 refugees in Amboko settlement (near Gore) and 15,500 refugees in Yaroungou settlement (near Damanadji) in southern Chad

Implementing Partners: WFP, Cooperazione Internazionale (COOPI) and African Concern Project Duration: January – December 2005 Funds requested: US$ 5,471,342

Project Summary: Ensure continuing protection to prima facie refugees in two settlements in southern Chad (Amboko and Yaroungou). Identify and ready refugees willing to repatriate to northern CAR. Prepare for the return and assist in the speedy reintegration of refugee populations from neighbouring countries, in particular 1,500 Chadian refugees in CAR. Promote self-reliance where repatriation or fully-fledged local integration is not yet possible, emphasising food production. Activate the process of local integration for about 10,500 refugees who wish to stay in Chad, in cooperation with local authorities, local communities, refugees and development actors. Increase significantly attention to and resources for the refugee situation in the south by mobilising donor, NGO and UN agency involvement and establishing and strengthening strategic partnerships. Prioritise support for environmental and host community programming which in turn prioritise women and children

Activities: Food distribution (together with WFP), transportation support to partners and limited road and airstrip rehabilitation where necessary, distribution of non-food items including high efficiency stoves, identifying and securing adequate water supplies, improved sanitation systems and awareness, provision of basic health services (together with phased and supported integration of health services into national health service), facilitate construction of semi-permanent dwellings for increased proportion of settlement residents, establishment of community-based anti-SGBV mechanisms, teacher and skills training (exploring opportunities to integrate and support national educational structures), distribution of seeds and tools, increase proportion of land under cultivation by refugees, reforestation of 40 hectares, training of local authorities on human rights law, acquisition of accurate population statistics.

Expected Outcomes: Facilitated repatriation to Chad of approximately 1,500 Chadian refugees in Central African Republic; facilitated repatriation for up to 19,500 CAR refugees to northern CAR; increased self-reliance for refugees remaining in Chad.

FINANCIAL SUMMARYDescription US$

Protection, monitoring and coordination 1,375,741Community services 125,356Crop production 116,897Domestic needs 146,498Education 252,399Forestry 28,671Health/nutrition 692,965Income generation 44,489Legal assistance 302,893Operational support (to agencies) 326,572Sanitation 38,093Shelter/other infrastructure 90,555Transport/logistics 478,102Water 229,791Sub-Total 4,249,022Programme support 1,222,320Total 5,471,342

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ANNEX I.TABLE I. SUMMARY OF REQUIREMENTS AND CONTRIBUTIONS

BY APPEALING ORGANISATION AND BY SECTOR

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ANNEX II.ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

ACF Action Against HungerAIDS Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome

CAP Consolidated Appeals ProcessCAR Central African RepublicCILSS/FEWS NET Comité inter-Etats de la lutte contre la sécheresse dans le Sahel/Famine

Early Warning SystemCIRAD Centre for International Cooperation for Agricultural Research for

DevelopmentCOOPI Cooperazione InternazionaleCORD Christian Outreach, Relief and Development

DFID Department for International Development, United Kingdom

ECHO European Commission on Humanitarian AffairsEPI Expanded Programme on ImmunisationEU European Union

FAO Food and Agriculture Organization

HIV Human Immuno-deficiency Virus

IDP Internally Displaced PersonINTERSOS Coordenacã das Organizações de Serviço Voluntário

JEM Justice and Equality Movement

Kcal KilocaloriesKM Kilometres

MSF-L Médecins sans Frontières – LuxembourgMTs Metric TonnesMYR Mid-Year Review

NCA Norwegian Church AidNGO Non-Governmental Organization

OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian AffairsOFDA Office for the United States Foreign Disaster AssistanceOXFAM-UK Oxfam – United Kingdom

PIR Rapid Impact Projects

SFC Supplementary Feeding CentresSGBV Sexual and Gender Based ViolenceSLA Sudanese Liberation ArmySPHERE Project on a Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response

TFC Therapeutic Feeding Centre

UN United NationsUNAIDS United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDSUNC/IASC United Nations Country/Inter-Agency Standing CommitteeUNDP United Nations Development ProgrammeUNFPA United Nations Population FundUNHCR United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

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UNICEF United Nations Children’s FundUSAID United States Agency for International Development

WFP World Food ProgrammeWHO World Health OrganizationWVI World Vision International

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Consolidated Appeal Feedback Sheet

If you would like to comment on this document please do so below and fax this sheet to + 41–22–917–0368 (Attn: CAP Section) or scan it and email us: CAP@ReliefWeb.int Comments reaching us before 1 September 2005 will help us improve the CAP in time for 2006. Thank you very much for your time.

Consolidated Appeals Process (CAP) Section, OCHA

Please write the name of the Consolidated Appeal on which you are commenting:

1. What did you think of the review of 2005?How could it be improved?

2. Is the context and prioritised humanitarian need clearly presented?How could it be improved?

3. To what extent do response plans address humanitarian needs?How could it be improved?

4. To what extent are roles, responsibilities, and coordination mechanisms clearly presented?How could it be improved?

5. To what extent are budgets realistic and in line with the proposed actions?How could it be improved?

6. Is the document lay-out and format clear and well written?How could it be improved?

Please make any additional comments on another sheet or by email.

Name:Title & Organisation:Email Address:

OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS(OCHA)

NEW YORK GENEVA OFFICEUNITED NATIONS PALAIS DES NATIONS

NEW YORK, N.Y. 10017 1211 GENEVA 10USA SWITZERLAND

TELEFAX: (1 212) 963.3630 TELEFAX: (41 22) 917.0368

Appeal for Funds

CHAP

The Consolidated Appeals Process: an inclusive, coordinated programme cycle in emergencies to:

Report

Revise the Plan

Monitor &Evaluate

Implement a CoordinatedProgramme

Plan theResponse

Identify Roles &Responsibilities

Set Goals

BuildScenarios

Assess Needs

Analyse the Context

Appeal for Funds

CHAP

The Consolidated Appeals Process: an inclusive, coordinated programme cycle in emergencies to:

Report

Revise the Plan

Monitor &Evaluate

Implement a CoordinatedProgramme

Plan theResponse

Identify Roles &Responsibilities

Set Goals

BuildScenarios

Assess Needs

Analyse the Context

Appeal for Funds

CHAP

The Consolidated Appeals Process: an inclusive, coordinated programme cycle in emergencies to:

Report

Revise the Plan

Monitor &Evaluate

Implement a CoordinatedProgramme

Plan theResponse

Identify Roles &Responsibilities

Set Goals

BuildScenarios

Assess Needs

Analyse the Context