Microsoft Windows 2003 Network Infrastructure MCSE Exam 70-293.
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Transcript of Microsoft Windows 2003 Network Infrastructure MCSE Exam 70-293.
Microsoft
Windows 2003Network Infrastructure
MCSEExam 70-293
Planning a Planning a Network TopologyNetwork Topology
ChapterOne
Exam Objectives in this Chapter: Plan and modify a network topology Plan the physical placement of network
resources Identify network protocols to be used
Lessons in this Chapter: Windows Server 2003 and the Network
Infrastructure Selecting Data-Link Layer Protocols Selecting Network/Transport Layer
Protocols Locating Network Resources
Windows Server 2003 and the NetworkInfrastructure A network infrastructure is a set of
physical and logical components that provide connectivity, security, routing, management, access, and other integral features on a network.
During a network’s planning phase, engineers select the hardware and software components that will compose the network infrastructure and specify the particular location, installation, and configuration of those components.
A Network Infrastructure Implementing a network infrastructure is
the process of evaluating, purchasing, and assembling the specified components, and installing them in the manner prescribed by the design plan.
Physical Infrastructure A network’s physical infrastructure is its
topology—the physical design of the network—along with hardware components such as cabling, routers, switches, hubs, servers, and workstations.
Exam Tip Familiarity with the physical infrastructure
of a network is prerequisite knowledgefor the 70-293 exam.
You should be familiar with the functions of all the basic hardware components and how to connect them to construct a network.
Logical Infrastructure A network’s logical infrastructure comprises the
many software elements that connect, manage, and secure hosts on the network.
The logical infrastructure allows communication between computers over the pathways described in the physical topology.
The logical infrastructure of a network consists of both abstract software elements, such as networking protocols, and concrete elements, such as specific software products.
Planning a Network Infrastructure To plan the infrastructure properly, a
network designer must consider the requirements of the network’s users, its owners, and its hardware and software components.
A basic question What tasks do the network users have to
accomplish?
Exam Tip A large part of the 70-293 exam is devoted
to the planning, implementation, and maintenance of Windows Server 2003 services, such as the DHCP Server service, the DNS Server service, and the Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) service. The planning process for services like these involves not only determining whether to use them, but also designingan IP addressing strategy and a Domain Name System (DNS) namespace
Implementing a Network Infrastructure The elements of the implementation process that
are covered in the 70-293 exam focus largely on the selection of protocols, operating systems, applications, and security mechanisms that satisfy the requirements of a network’s owners, administrators, and users, as determined in the planning process.
The exam also covers the process of deploying technologies such as the TCP/IP protocols, the DNS and WINS name-resolution mechanisms, and the IPSec protocol extensions.
Maintaining a Network Infrastructure To maintain the network properly,
administrators must have an intimate knowledge of the infrastructure and the technologies used to implement it.
Selecting Data-Link Layer Protocols Connecting a group of computers to the
same physical network gives them a medium for communication, but unless the computers can speak the same language, no meaningful exchanges are possible.
Understand the OSI reference model.
OSI Reference Model
Physical
Data-Link
Network
Transport
Session
Presentation
ApplicationAll
People
Seem
To
Need
Data
Processing
OSI Reference Model Layer Layer Name Header Protocols & Services Details
7Application
(All)Protocol Data Unit
Telnet, FTP, SMTP, HTTP, File and Print, E mail, (WWW), EDI, SMB, NCP
User requests network services here. Database and application services but not the applications
6Presentation
(People)Protocol Data Unit
ASCII, EBCDIC, TIFF, JPEG, GIF, PICT, MIDI, MPEG, QuickTime
Data representation and translation. Formats data for “presentation” to the layers above and below. Encryption, compression and translation.
5Session (Seem)
Protocol Data UnitRPC, ZIP, SCP, SQL, X Window, NetBIOS, NFS, ASP, DNA SCP
Establishes, maintains and manages communication sessions between computers. Think dialog control.
4Transport
(To)Segments
TCP, NBP, UDP, NCP, SPX, ADP, Windowing, flow control, synchronization
Reliable transmission of data segments. Sets the stage for disassembly and assembly of data before and after transmission. Remember: end-to-end connectivity.
3Network (Need)
Datagrams or Packets
IP, IPX, RARP, ARP, BootP, DHCP, ICMP, BGP, OSPF, RIP.
If it’s routing, it takes place here. Decides how data will be routed across the network, in addition to the structure and use of logical (IP) addressing. Routers operate here.
2
Data Link Sublayers are MAC and LLC
(Data)
Frames
MAC, LLC, Frame Relay, LAPB, PPP, calculating CRC or FCS, controls access to the physical medium
Deals with the links and mechanisms to move data. Topology (Ethernet or Token Ring) is defined here. Switches and Bridges operate here. Remember: Framing.
1Physical
(Processing) Bits (1s and 0s)
Ethernet, Token Ring, HSSI, 802.3, bit synchronization, physical connector specifications.
The electrical and physical specifications for the network media that carry data bits across a network. Hubs and repeaters operate here.
Selecting a Data-Link Layer Protocol Selecting a Media Type
Unshielded Twisted Pair UTP 10 Mbps Ethernet standard uses the 5-4-3 rule, which
says that a network can consist of no more than five network segments, connected by four repeaters, with no more than three of those segments being mixing segments
Fiber Optic Fiber-optic cables are also much less susceptible to
attenuation than copper cables. Wireless Networking
Selecting a Transmission Speed Standard Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet
EthernetDesignation
Media Type
Max Cable Length Max Transfer
Speed Connector Topology
10BASE-T Cat 3 or better
Unshielded Twisted Pair
(UTP)
100 meters 10MBps RJ-45 Star
100BASE-TX Cat 5 UTP 100 meters 100MBps RJ-45 Star
10BASE2 Thin Coaxial(RG-58 A/U)
185 meters 10MBps BNC Bus
10BASE5 Coaxial 500 meters 10MBps AUI/DIX Bus
100BASE-FX Fiber optic 412 meters (half duplex) or 2000
meters (full duplex)
100 MBps (half duplex) or 200
MBps (full duplex)
Fiber optic
connector
Star (often setup
only as point-to-point)
Gigabit EthernetDesignation
Media Type
Max Cable Length
Max Transfer Speed
Connector Topology
1000BASE-SX Fiber optic 260 meters 1GBps SC Fiber
Optic connector
Star (either buffered
distributor hub or point-to-point)
1000BASE-LX Fiber optic
440 meters (multimode) or 5000 meters (singlemode)
1GBps SC Fiber
Optic connector
Star (either buffered
distributor hub or point-to-point)
1000BASE-CX
Twinax (usually a specialty cable)
25 meters 1 GBps DB-9 Fiber
Optic connector
Star
1000BASE-T Cat 5 100 meters 1GBps RJ-45 Star
Using Token Ring802.4 Token Bus
802.5 Token Ring
Mixing Media A router can connect any type of network
to any other, so it is possible to select a different data-link layer protocol for each LAN.
Practice: Choosing an Ethernet Variant
Page 1-23
Selecting Network/Transport Layer Protocols Using TCP/IP
TCP/IP is a large collection of protocols that provides a comprehensive array of networking services in addition to basic Windows file sharing.
TCP UDP
IP
Transport Layer
Network Layer
IP Almost all TCP/IP traffic is carried using IP
packets called datagrams. An IP datagram is something like the
envelope you use to mail a letter.
TCP TCP is a connection-oriented protocol,
which means that before two computers can communicate, they exchange a series of messages that establish a connection between them.
Reliable.
UDP UDP is a connectionless protocol, which
means that two computers can communicate without establishing a connection first, and they do not transmit dedicated acknowledgment messages.
Unreliable.
IPX IPX is also a suite of protocols that
provides some of the same basic communications features as TCP/IP.
The IPX protocols were developed by Novell for use with their Net-Ware operating system.
NetBEUI NetBEUI was the default networking
protocol of the Windows NT 3.1 and Windows for Workgroups operating systems when these systems were first released in 1993.
NetBEUI is a relatively simple NetBEUI is intended for use on small LANs
and is not suitable for a large enterprise network.
Locating Network Resources Determining Location Criteria
The network blueprint also determines where the workstations for the network’s users will be located, and this obviously concerns thepeople responsible for the office floor plan.
Locating Workstations Locating Peripherals Locating Cables Locating Connectivity Devices Locating Servers
Example Network PlanHub
Hub
Hub
Router
Router
Router
Practice: Blueprinting a Network Infrastructure
Page 1-35
Summary Case Scenario Exercise
Page 1-37 Exam Highlights
Key Points Key Terms
Page 1-40