Report on principles of management

Report on principles of management

Certificate Course

Principles of Management

Project on the Organisation Structure of

MICROSOFT

SUBMITTED BYName: SAGAR S. HANCHATESection: C

SUBMITTED TODepartment of General Management,R V Institute of Management

R. V. INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENTCA 17, 36th Cross, 26th Main, 4th T Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore - 560041.2014-2015

Introduction of the company:19751981: Microsoft boots up

Microsoft co-founders Paul Allen (left) and Bill GatesIdea was came into the mind of two friends in 1970s. At work when they rely on typewriters. If they need to copy a document, they likely use a mimeograph or carbon paper & few have heard of microcomputers, but the two young computer enthusiasts, Bill Gates and Paul Allen, see that personal computing is a path to the future.In 1975, Gates and Allen form a partnership called Microsoft. Like most start-ups, Microsoft also begins small, but has a huge visiona computer on every desktop and in every home. During the next years, Microsoft begins to change the ways we work.

The dawn of MSDOSIn June 1980, Gates and Allen hire Gates former Harvard classmate Steve Ballmer to help run the company. The next month, IBM approaches Microsoft about a project code-named "Chess." In response, Microsoft focuses on a new operating systemthe software that manages, or runs, the computer hardware and also serves to bridge the gap between the computer hardware and programs, such as a word processor. Its the foundation on which computer programs can run. They name their new operating system "MSDOS."When the IBM PC running MSDOS ships in 1981, it introduces a whole new language to the general public. Typing C: and various cryptic commands gradually become part of daily work. People discover the backslash (\) key MSDOS is effective, but also proves difficult to understand for many people. There has to be a better way to build an operating system.It also entered the game console market dominated by Sony and Nintendo, launching the first Xbox in 2001, and has begun to take on Apple in the smartphone market with the launch of Windows Phone in 2011, and the purchase of Nokia in 2013.

Organational Structure Diagram :

Organisational structure:Microsoft Corporation is a American public multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions. Established on April 4, 1975 to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800, Microsoft rose to dominate the home computer operating system (OS) market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by the Microsoft Windows line of OSes.Microsoft would also come to dominate the office suite market with Microsoft Office. The company has diversified in recent years into the video game industry with the Xbox and its successor, the Xbox 360 as well as into the consumer electronics market with Zune and the Windows Phone OS. The ensuing rise of stock in the company's 1986 initial public offering (IPO) made an estimated four billionaires and 12,000 millionaires from Microsoft employees.Primarily in the 1990s, critics contend Microsoft used monopolistic business practices and anti-competitive strategies including refusal to deal and tying, put unreasonable restrictions in the use of its software, and used misrepresentative marketing tactics; both the U.S. Department of Justice and European Commission found the company in violation of antitrust laws. Known for its interviewing process with obscure questions, various studies and ratings were generally favorable to Microsoft's diversity within the company as well as its overall environmental impact with the exception of the electronics portion of the business.

Hierarchy of authority:This can be an internal certification authority administrator or an external company or organization that specializes in verifying identities and issuing certificates. This authority is called the root authority. The root authority then certifies other certification authorities, called first-tier certification authorities, who can then issue certificates and also certify additional or second-tier certification authorities. This situation is shown in the following illustration.

The identity of the certification authority issuing a certificate is part of a certificate. That certification authority is called the certificate's issuer. When a certificate's issuer is a tier 1 or tier 2 certification authority, the receiver of that certificate can determine whether the certificate's issuer is certified as a valid certification authority by a certification authority at a level above it, and that the higher level certification authority is certified as a valid certification authority by still a higher level certification authority until it is determined that a chain of trust exists between the lowest level certification authority and the root certification authority.For example, in the preceding illustration, it can be verified that CA #4 was certified as a certification authority by CA #1, and that CA #1 was certified as a certification authority by the root CA. Thus when a certificate from a lower-level certification authority is passed along with the encrypted message, information about all of the certificates in its chain of trust up to the root is passed along with it.Span of control:Relatively wide span of controlRelatively narrow span of control. At lower levels, where tasks are similar and simpler, span of control widens Span of Control As you can see from Figure 6.3, the distribution of authority in an organization also affects the number of people who work for any individual manager. In a flat organizational structure, the number of people directly managed by one supervisor the managers span of controlis usually wide. In tall organizations, span of control tends to be relatively narrower. Span of control, however, depends on many factors. Employees abilities and the supervisors managerial skills help determine whether span of control is wide or narrow, as do the similarity and simplicity of those tasks performed under the managers supervision and the extent to which they are interrelated. If lower-level managers are given more decision-making authority, their supervisors will have less work to do because some of the decisions they previously made will be transferred to their subordinates. By the same token, these managers may then be able to oversee and coordinate the work of more subordinates, resulting in an increased span of control. Similarly, when several employees perform either the same simple task or a group of interrelated tasks, a wide span of control is possible and often desirable. For instance, because all the jobs are routine, one supervisor may well control an entire assembly line. Moreover, each task depends on another. If one station stops, everyone stops. Having one supervisor for all stations ensures that all stations receive equal attention and function equally well.

Future development of company:Microsoft unveiled its next Windows operating system, Windows 10, and gave a first look at an early technical preview for the PC available Oct. 1. The announcement highlighted advancements designed for business, including an updated user experience and enhanced security and management capabilities. The company also introduced the Windows Insider Program, kicking off its largest-ever open collaborative development effort to change the way Windows is built and delivered to best meet the needs of customers. Program participants will receive the technical preview of Windows 10 and a steady stream of builds through the development cycle to use and give feedback on.Windows 10 represents the first step of a whole new generation of Windows, unlocking new experiences to give customers new ways to work, play and connect, said Terry Myerson, executive vice president of the Operating Systems group at Microsoft. This will be our most comprehensive operating system and the best release Microsoft has ever done for our business customers, and we look forward to working together with our broader Windows community to bring Windows 10 to life in the months aheadEffective communication by employees in organisation:Communicate with employeesIt may sound like a very basic point, but employee communication is overlooked in too many organisations. Staff members need to know that they are valued, understood and perhaps most importantly, listened to. If an employee has a concern or some other issue that may prevent them from working productively, they need to know that communication channels are open.

Reward strong performanceIf employees perform well, they need to be rewarded. This can be in terms of extrinsic rewards - such as additional pay, benefits or opportunities for promotion - or intrinsic - through simple gratitude and recognition for a job well done. Employers need to gauge which type of reward is appropriate in each individual situation, based upon overall aims and the expectations of staff members.If a key employee has put in a significant amount of extra work on a project, it may not be sufficient to simply thank them for their efforts - they may expect some pecuniary reward for the additional effort they have made. But equally, businesses need to ensure they do not over-stretch their budgets and create unrealistic expectations where pay and benefits are concerned.Involve employees in decision makingMajor business decisions will always be made in the boardroom by the executive team, but this does not mean employees should be excluded from this process. Hundreds of different decisions are made every day within companies - from the ground level right up to the top of the enterprise. And giving staff members the autonomy to make them - where appropriate - can boost morale and help increase job satisfaction.Offer training and developmentEmployees want to feel as if they are constantly developing in the workplace - learning new skills and gaining experience which will stand them in good stead in the future. Each individual worker will have ambitions of their own, and as such it is important that employers support their professional development.

Define the employees' roleEmployees should have the opportunity to move up the ranks and better themselves within the company they work for - otherwise they are likely to go and work elsewhere. But at whatever level they are working at a particular time, they should have a well-defined job description, and understand the role they are working in. This provides a context for everything they do, and ensures they feel a sense of purpose while at work.

CSR Activities Of Microsoft Company:Microsoft has formally collaborated with Smile Foundation as a funding partner under its corporate social responsibility initiative. Microsoft is supporting one of Smiles national level programmes named smile twin learning projectwhich focuses on technology skills building for employment generation of underprivileged youth.The grant amounting to Rs. 7.12 Million will be utilized by Smile across16 Indian statesfor strengthening the on-goingstep initiativebenefiting thousands of underprivileged youth. With the significant and timely support from Microsoft, Smile is planning to expand this programme to cover more youth from the deprived section of the society.Under its Unlimited Potential Community Technology Skills Programme, christened Project Jyoti, Microsoft Corporation India Private Limited has announced the funding of Rs. 1.9 crore to three NGOs for enabling IT access to underserved communities in urban slums and rural India.Besides Smile Foundation, NASSCOM Foundation and Saath Charitable Trust are the other two organizations to have received grants from Microsoft. Till date, Microsoft has invested Rs. 37.5 crores under this initiative, impacting 20 states and Union Territories across India.

Conclusion:Learning about American companies and their social responsibilities, I found a lot of interesting things in how they care about their employees. As all we know, American business is the best example of successful business. And the reason of it, in my opinion, is that Americans think through all the details and, what is one of the most important, pay attention on how their employees do their job. Because a good head understand, that each member of their company is an important part of the team and only when each of them will be work the best he or she can and in team, only then the company will reach prosperity and great success. Microsoft Corporation is engaged in developing, licensing and supporting a range of software products and services. The Company also designs and sells hardware, and delivers online advertising to the customers. It operates in five segments: Windows & Windows Live Division (Windows Division), Server and Tools, Online Services Division (OSD), Microsoft Business Division (MBD), and Entertainment and Devices Division (EDD). The Company' products include operating systems for personal computers (PCs), servers, phones, and other intelligent devices; server applications for distributed computing environments; productivity applications; business solution applications; desktop and server management tools. In July 2012, the Company purchased Edgewater Fullscope's Process Industries 2 (PI2) software and intellectual property. In July 2012, Comcast Corp. acquired the Company's 50% stake in MSNBC.com. In October 2012, it acquired Phone Factor Inc. On July 18, 2012, it acquired Yammer, Inc. (Yammer).

R.V. Institute of management Page 2