Microbial Classification. The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea One circular chromosome, not...
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Transcript of Microbial Classification. The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea One circular chromosome, not...
Microbial Microbial ClassificationClassification
The Prokaryotes: The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and ArchaeaDomains Bacteria and Archaea
One circular chromosome, not in One circular chromosome, not in a membranea membrane
No histonesNo histones No organellesNo organelles Peptidoglycan cell wallsPeptidoglycan cell walls Binary fissionBinary fission
ProteobacteriaProteobacteria Mythical Mythical
Greek god, Greek god, Proteus, who Proteus, who could assume could assume many shapesmany shapes
Gram-Gram-negativenegative
Domain BacteriaDomain Bacteria
Human pathogens:Human pathogens: BartonellaBartonella B. henselaB. hensela Cat-scratch diseaseCat-scratch disease BrucellaBrucella BrucellosisBrucellosis
The The (alpha) (alpha) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Obligate intracellular parasites:Obligate intracellular parasites: EhrlichiaEhrlichia. Tick-borne, ehrlichiosis. Tick-borne, ehrlichiosis RickettsiaRickettsia. Arthropod-borne, spotted . Arthropod-borne, spotted
feversfevers R. prowazekiiR. prowazekii Epidemic typhusEpidemic typhus R. typhiR. typhi Endemic murine typhusEndemic murine typhus R. rickettsiiR. rickettsii Rocky Mountain Spotted FeverRocky Mountain Spotted Fever
The The (alpha) (alpha) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
The The (alpha) (alpha) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 11.1
WolbachiaWolbachia. . Live in Live in insects and insects and other other animals animals
The The (alpha) (alpha) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Have prosthecae:Have prosthecae: CaulobacterCaulobacter. Stalked . Stalked
bacteria found in bacteria found in lakeslakes
HyphomicrobiumHyphomicrobium. . Budding bacteria Budding bacteria found in lakesfound in lakes
The The (alpha) (alpha) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 11.2 & 3
Nitrogen-fixing Nitrogen-fixing bacteria:bacteria: AzospirillumAzospirillum
Grow in soil, Grow in soil, using nutrients using nutrients excreted by excreted by plantsplants
Fix nitrogenFix nitrogen RhizobiumRhizobium
Fix nitrogen in Fix nitrogen in the roots of the roots of plantsplants
The The (alpha) (alpha) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 27.5
Produce acetic acid from ethyl Produce acetic acid from ethyl alcohol:alcohol: AcetobacterAcetobacter GluconobacterGluconobacter
The The (alpha) (alpha) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
The The (beta) (beta) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
ThiobacillusThiobacillus Chemoautotrophic, oxidize sulfur: HChemoautotrophic, oxidize sulfur: H22S S
SOSO442–2–
SphaerotilusSphaerotilus Chemoheterotophic, form sheathsChemoheterotophic, form sheaths
The The (beta) (beta) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 11.5
NeisseriaNeisseria ChemoheterotrophicChemoheterotrophic
, cocci, cocci N. meningitidisN. meningitidis N. gonorrhoeaeN. gonorrhoeae
SpirillumSpirillum ChemoheterotrophicChemoheterotrophic
, helical, helical
The The (beta) (beta) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 11.4 & 6
BordetellaBordetella Chemoheterotrophic, rodsChemoheterotrophic, rods B. pertussisB. pertussis
BurkholderiaBurkholderia. Nosocomial infections. Nosocomial infections ZoogloeaZoogloea. Slimy masses in aerobic . Slimy masses in aerobic
sewage-treatment processessewage-treatment processes
The The (beta) (beta) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
The The (gamma) (gamma) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Pseudomonadales:Pseudomonadales: PseudomonasPseudomonas
Opportunistic Opportunistic pathogenspathogens
Metabolically Metabolically diversediverse
Polar flagellaPolar flagella AzotobacterAzotobacter and and
AzomonasAzomonas..
Nitrogen fixingNitrogen fixing MoraxellaMoraxella..
ConjunctivitisConjunctivitis
The The (gamma) (gamma) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 11.7
Legionellales:Legionellales: LegionellaLegionella
Found in Found in streams, warm-streams, warm-water pipes, water pipes, cooling towerscooling towers
L. pneumophiliaL. pneumophilia CoxiellaCoxiella
Q fever Q fever transmitted via transmitted via aerosols or milkaerosols or milk
The The (gamma) (gamma) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 24.15b
Vibrionales:Vibrionales: Found in coastal Found in coastal
waterwater Vibrio choleraeVibrio cholerae
causes choleracauses cholera V. parahaemolyticusV. parahaemolyticus
causes causes gastroenteritisgastroenteritis
The The (gamma) (gamma) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 11.8
The The (gamma) Proteobacteria (gamma) Proteobacteria Enterobacteriales (enterics):Enterobacteriales (enterics):
Peritrichous flagella, facultatively anaerobicPeritrichous flagella, facultatively anaerobic EnterobacterEnterobacter ErwiniaErwinia EscherichiaEscherichia KlebsiellaKlebsiella ProteusProteus SalmonellaSalmonella SerratiaSerratia ShigellaShigella YersiniaYersinia
The The (gamma) (gamma) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
The The (delta) (delta) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
BdellovibrioBdellovibrio. Prey on other bacteria. Prey on other bacteria DesulfovibrionalesDesulfovibrionales. Use S instead of O. Use S instead of O22
as final electron acceptoras final electron acceptor MyxococcalesMyxococcales. Gliding. Cells aggregate . Gliding. Cells aggregate
to form myxosporesto form myxospores
The The (delta) (delta) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
The The (delta) (delta) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 11.10a
The The (delta) (delta) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 11.1b
The The (epsilon) (epsilon) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
CampylobacterCampylobacter One polar One polar
flagellumflagellum GastroenteritisGastroenteritis
The The (epsilon) (epsilon) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 11.1a
HelicobacteHelicobacterr Multiple flagella Multiple flagella Peptic ulcersPeptic ulcers Stomach cancerStomach cancer
The The (epsilon) (epsilon) ProteobacteriaProteobacteria
Figure 11.1b
The Nonproteobacteria The Nonproteobacteria Gram-Negative BacteriaGram-Negative Bacteria
CyanobacteriaCyanobacteria Oxygenic Oxygenic
photosynthesisphotosynthesis Gliding motilityGliding motility Fix nitrogenFix nitrogen
Anoxygenic photosynthesisAnoxygenic photosynthesis Purple and green sulfur bacteriaPurple and green sulfur bacteria
Purple and Green Purple and Green Photosynthetic BacteriaPhotosynthetic Bacteria
2H2O + CO2
light(CH2O) + H2O + O2
2H2S + CO2
light(CH2O) + H2O + 2S0
C. trachomatisC. trachomatis TrachomaTrachoma STD, urethritisSTD, urethritis
C. pneumoniaeC. pneumoniae C. psittaciC. psittaci
Causes psittacosisCauses psittacosis
ChlamydiaeChlamydiae
In In Bergey's ManualBergey's Manual, , Volume 5Volume 5
Figure 11.22a
In In Bergey's ManualBergey's Manual, , Volume 5Volume 5
Figure 11.22b