MHC class 2 molecules and T lymphocyte Help Immunology lecture 20 November 18 th 2010 Quiz two will...
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MHC class 2 molecules and T lymphocyte Help
Immunology lecture 20 November 18th 2010
Quiz two will be on Tuesday November 23rd
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Peptides in MHC2 can slide across binding region to fit.
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So how do peptides get into MHC1 and MHC2 class molecules?
• Class 1 molecules use the Endogenous pathway.
• Class 2 molecules use the Exogenous pathway.
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No infection on a normal day…..
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Third method of
Cytotoxic T cell killing
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First method of cytotoxic T cell killing of target cells
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MHC 2 molecules on surface
• Everyday MHC 2 molecules produced and transported to the membrane of antigen presenting cells.
• What does this look like on a good day when there is no infection …..
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B cell,
Macrophage
Dendritic cell not in the presence of antigen.
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What if B cells binds antigen ?What if dendritic cell pinocytoses
antigen ?What if macrophage phagocytosis antigen ?
Antigen is internalized, processed and presented on the surface of the cell
bound to MHC 2 molecules and can be recognized only by CD 4+ T helper cells
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1ST
2nd
B- lymphocyte as a antigen presenting cell
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Dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes.
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While in RER, MHC2 being made
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While in the cell, antigen is being internalized
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T cells are MHC restricted. They only help or kill cells with whom they share MHC.
Zinkernagel 1994
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Helper T cells are also MHC restricted .
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This work indicated that T cells recognize both MHC and specific antigen fragments.
Does one receptor recognize the MHC and another receptor recognize the antigen fragment embedded in
the binding site on the MHC ? Or is there one receptor with specificity for MHC in combination with a specific
antigen fragment ?
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Dual Receptor Theory
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Experiment demonstrating the thymus selects this MHC specificity.
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T cell differentiation in the thymus
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T cell differentiation :How to explain MHC restriction and double the
number of T helper cells
compared to cytotoxic cells.