Mgt 2023 group assignment

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY TWINTECH IN COLLABORATION WITH ALPHA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (MGT2023) GROUP ASSIGNMENT “ARTICLES REVIEW” PREPARED FOR: MISS ANDIK NURULJANNAH BT HJ BACHUK PREPARED BY: ELEVENIE JOHN BAPTIST FELYSITA BT SAMUDIN Page 1

Transcript of Mgt 2023 group assignment

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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE

OF TECHNOLOGY TWINTECH

IN COLLABORATION WITH

ALPHA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (MGT2023)

GROUP ASSIGNMENT

“ARTICLES REVIEW”PREPARED FOR:

MISS ANDIK NURULJANNAH BT HJ BACHUK

PREPARED BY:

ELEVENIE JOHN BAPTIST

FELYSITA BT SAMUDIN

JACQULYN ANNABELLA JAMILUS

MOHD YUSOP BIN MANDU

KASNIDAR BINTI NURDIN

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TABLE OF CONTENT

NO

PARTICULAR PAGE

1 INTRODUCTION 12 1.0) Pekerja tube mogok 48 jam. (Tube workers

strike 48 hours.)

1.1) Summary1.2) Issue1.3) Decision

2-7

3 2.0) Gaji minimum: majikan jangan ambil kesempatan (Minimum wage: employers do not take advantage)2.1) Summary2.2) Issue2.3) Decision

8-12

4 3.0) Id cards to monitor foreign workers3.1) Summary3.2) Issue3.3) Decision

13-17

5 4.0) Commuters fed up with attitudes of some drivers4.1) Summary4.2) Issue4.3) Decision

18-22

6 5.0) Berani teroka peluang antarabangsa (Brave Venture international opportunities)5.1) Summary5.2) Issue5.3) Decision

23-27

7 Conclusion 28-328 References 33

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INTRODUCTION

Organizational Behavior (OB) is the study and application of knowledge about

how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations. It does this by taking a system

approach. That is, it interprets people-organization relationships in terms of the whole

person, whole group, whole organization, and whole social system. Its purpose is to build

better relationships by achieving human objectives, organizational objectives, and social

objectives.

The elements of Organizational Behavior are the organization's base rests on

management's philosophy, values, vision and goals. This in turn drives the organizational

culture which is composed of the formal organization, informal organization, and the social

environment. The culture determines the type of leadership, communication, and group

dynamics within the organization. The workers perceive this as the quality of work life which

directs their degree of motivation. The final outcomes are performance, individual

satisfaction, and personal growth and development. All these elements combine to build the

model or framework that the organization operates from.

In addition, Organizational Behavior (OB) also defined as a field of study devoted to

understanding, explaining, and ultimately improving the attitudes and behaviors of

individuals and groups in organizations. Scholars in management departments of

universities and scientists in business organizations conduct research on OB. The findings

from those research studies are then applied by managers or consultants to see whether they

help meet “real-world” challenges. OB can be contrasted with two other courses commonly

offered in management departments such as human resource management and strategic

management.

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1.0 ARTICLE

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1.1 SUMMARY

From the article that is post in Berita Harian stated that 48-hour strike by workers

shut ticketing centers caused millions of user’s services system underground (tube)

experienced delays. A total of 3 out of 11 routes servicing the tube is closed and a

number of them have reduced operations resulted in service disruptions. This causes

people to have to look for other initiatives such as buses and trains ground to move

into the workplace during peak hours, because road congestion occurs.

48-hour strike action was committed by the RMT and TSSA union protest at the

closure of 278 ticket counter subway London, which caused more than 950 people,

will lose their jobs. Simultaneously, the Mayor of London Boris Johnson said that the

strike action would be a waste because the reforms will be implemented because it is

more important because of the changes to be implemented by closing the ticket

counter 278 subway it will save you the cost of eating at a cost of millions of millions

of pounds just to invest in a tube system and is quite appalling when a small minority of

union members seek to disrupt the lives of millions and millions of people work with a

London with a train station close to the strike.

Due to protest the closure of the ticket office, the two sides continue their discussion

of the consent between the two parties held talks for consensus among RMT leader Bob

Crow and the mayor where the mayor was explaining and making the assertion that the

foreclosure sales office tickets will still be carried out because of the investment will

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occur if the ticket office counter subway was still operating as a large investment in

technology is increasingly less the amount of people using the ticket office.

1.2 ISSUES

Issues that are in the proper newspaper are on the issue of workers gone on strike.

Service system underground (tube) was disrupted by labor strikes that resulted in delays

and traffic congestion in the street of London.

Must commence strike action due to the closure of 278 ticket contest counter

London underground train that cause negligence 950 employees will lose their jobs.

This resulted in a small minority group of union members working to oppose closing the

ticket counter subway (tube) London.

In this case, union leaders should think rationally before doing anything without

thinking about the impact of his actions with a strike does not have an impact to

people who use the subway. In force for change in economic shock closure of

underground counter implemented for saving millions of pounds, has a significant impact

on the implementation of the employee counter sale of train tickets as they will face

pressure where they have lost their jobs even while losing their source of income. This

causes them to suffer emotional distress by removing dissatisfaction through strikes.

Besides that, in force for change in technology and the speed of each system facilities

needed by the railway ticket offices should be reduced to overcome the multi-million

pound investment by the with faster technology it's easy to handle these changes resulted

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in some of the group members union seeks to stop the closure of the railway ticket counter

to defend the rights of those who have worked in the ticketing department subway (tube).

Proceeds from ticket sales office closure protest both the RMT leader, Bob Crow and

Mayor Boris Johnson doing a talk by overcoming resistance to change in Participation

between the two parties should discuss and come out a solution, through the resolution of

issues regarding this strike it can well settled and get quality results through the exchange

of ideas between the two parties.

Issue for 48-hour strike has caused many problems to the people who use the

subway which was causing traffic jams. The issues in this release occurs due to

significant investments have been made just for this technology are causing a lot of use

expenses, enhanced by the use of ticket offices increasingly fewer people are using the

service.

The issues in the proper role of the union are working within the framework of the

relationship between employee and employer. All employees shall be jointly organizing

their union to confront and struggle to improve their working conditions. For example,

this can be done through collective bargaining and to protect the economic interests and

the interests of other employees. Union members unite, and strengthen solidarity.

Union shall be considered as a permanent establishment to be democratic. Therefore, it

is active only when the employee has a problem, but an organization that always preserves

and promotes the interests of its members in whom the Union is supposed to represent and

protect workers without discrimination, both in terms of workers' rights. Each member of

the union should be responsible to promote unity. Therefore, employees should get their

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rights skills, such as the issue of dissatisfaction with the closure of the railway ticketing

counter. This movement reflects the efforts of workers to get their rights to address

unemployment among employees if they are laid off due to the closure of ticket offices.

1.3 DISCUSSION

How to resolve this strike by employees of planed change in organization change and

stress management is making the change different thing through this we can identify

the causes and effects of the problems faced by the workers on strike. For example, by

opening new employment opportunities to those who have lost their jobs due to the

closure of the railway ticketing counter.

Moreover, planed change through counter closure rail ticket offices it reduces

costs, besides that it also can improve the use of new technology in the application of

the system of underground trains in London.

Change agent where mayor Boris Johnson closing counter is more important place to

save millions of pounds to invest in the proper tube system, so to overcome this problem

as a responsible grandfather town close counter manage change trains should compensate

by paying compensation to the 950 workers who lost their jobs due to the closure of

railway ticket offices.

Therefore, to address these changes, the mayor also must have a commitment to

develop employees where employees will lose their jobs will face pressure; therefore a

new way to solve this problem is to do the discussion that there is no

misunderstanding. By creating a new initiative to tackle the problem attacked example of

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this development before they were fired those responsible should compensate them for

their ease of finding a new job to continue with their lives before getting a new job.

Solution should be done so that employees are not on strike is to send the chief

employee representative to follow up on the problem without doing the work stoppage.

How this can stave off problems such as interrupting people's lives by doing strike causes

delays for people to work as a result of system service disruptions due to strike.

Other solutions for this problem is to strike, to make laws that strengthened the

power of those who do strike work more than 48 hours, they will be laid off without

pay because of the troubles of the people, the law is the problem strike can be resolved

without disturbances that interfere with daily work life.

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2.0 ARTICLE

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2.1 SUMMARY

Ministry of human resources in the implementation of a minimum wage policy advises

that employers do not take advantage of the flexibility provided. President Datuk Omar

Osman is congress union workers in the public service (CUEPACS) said, flexibility is

necessary so that the fate of term employees are not neglected.

"The welfare of workers must be a priority if the employer want to ensure that the

company or business more developed and competitive." And "The government should

consider several aspects such as operating costs incurred by the employer in assessing the

eligibility given leeway".

Release reporting that employers have problems in implementing the minimum wage

policy should be given the flexibility to provide a reasonable explanation to the ministry of

human resources.

Minister Datuk Richard Riot said input from the employer will be discussed by

representatives of the ministries, the results will determine whether the employer may extend

the initial implementation of the minimum wage or otherwise.

Meanwhile, Abdul Halim Mansor the Secretary General of the Malaysian Trades

Union Congress (MTUC), the flexibility of the view that it is not appropriate due to the

minimum wage policy plays an important role of improving the welfare low-income workers.

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"Accordance with the government's main objective in generating economic growth,

they are believed that the minimum wage could benefit to the country in the long term".

2.2 ISSUES

Issue to be discussed in this newspaper is “Minimum wage: Employers do not take

advantage.” In this newspaper report about which employers are advised not to take

advantage of the workers when the relaxation given by the ministry of human resources in the

implementation of the minimum wage policy.

A minimum wage is the lowest hourly, daily or monthly remuneration that employers

may legally pay to workers. Equivalently, it is the lowest wage at which workers may sell

their labor. Although minimum wage laws are in effect in many jurisdictions, differences of

opinion exist about the benefits and drawbacks of a minimum wage.

Supporters of the minimum wage say it increases the standard of living of workers,

reduces poverty, reduces inequality, and boosts morale and forces businesses to be more

efficient. In contrast, opponents of the minimum wage say it increases poverty, increases

unemployment (particularly among low productivity workers) and is damaging to businesses.

In addition, "Welfare workers should be given priority if the employer wants to ensure that

the company or the business they are more advanced and competitive".

Furthermore, this issue can be seen how important an employer or manager has

interpersonal skills in order to avoid the problem of workers that could affect the company, it

can help organization attract and keep high performance employees. For instance in this issue

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is when employers take advantage of workers who do not give a salary commensurate with

the effort, promotion, overtime incurred by employees that it can affect the quality of work.

If a higher minimum wage increases the wage rates of unskilled workers above the

level that would be established by market forces, the quantity of unskilled workers employed

will fall. The minimum wage will price the services of the least productive (and therefore

lowest-wage) workers out of the market.

The direct results of minimum wage legislation are clearly mixed. Some workers, most

likely those previous wages were closest to the minimum, will enjoy higher wages. This is

known as the "ripple effect". The ripple effect shows that when you increase the minimum

wage the wages of all others will consequently increase due the need for relativity. Others,

particularly those with the lowest wage rates, will be unable to find work. They will be

pushed into the ranks of the unemployed or out of the labor force. Some argue that by

increasing the federal minimum wage, however, the economy will be adversely affected due

to small businesses not being able to keep up with the need to subsequently increase all

worker wages.

Supporters of the minimum wage claim it has these effects Increases the standard of

living for the poorest and most vulnerable class in society and raises average and employment

effects, the most frequently studied aspect, effects on the distribution of wages and earnings

among low-paid and higher-paid workers, and effects on the distribution of incomes among

low-income and higher-income families.

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2.3 DISCUSSION

What should employers do to solve the problems in the company, with the four do

function of management. First of all, planning which it shall mean the performance objective

setting and deciding how to achieve them, second is, where the employer must arranging

organizing tasks, people, and other resources to accomplish the work so that employees know

to whom they should report the task and know who report to whom. Next, leading the most

important solution to solve the problems faced by employers is to inspiring people to work

hard to achieve high performance and by using this method.

Importance of managers interpersonal skills can give positive sosial relationship also

associated with lower stress at works and lower intention to quit manager instance must have

a controlling attitude leading to problems in the company in order to motivate employees

understand the problems faced by the company and help the company to Achieve the goal and

directs theirs activities. Therefore, the employer must have good human skills to hold

discussions with employees so that employees know what the problem faced by the company

and motivate employees to increase their efforts to further develop the company this is

because manager get thing done through other people.

In addition, the manager must make decision making provided by the employer is to

identify the problems faced by workers. Further is, Develop alternative solution to correct

those next problem those evaluate alternative solution and the last one is select the best one to

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solve the problem. At the same time, the government should look into the problems faced by

the employer to look at several aspects that have to incurred by the employer as operating

costs and provide flexibility if it is reasonable to the ministry of human resources, it is

consistent with the primary goal of the government in generating economic growth to provide

benefits to country in the long term.

3.0 ARTICLE

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3.1 SUMMARY

The Construction Labor Exchange Centre Bhd ( CLAB ) is a way to screen and

document migrant workers. Chief Executive Officer Abdul Rafik Abdul Rajis said the

center would recruit foreigners who want to work in the construction sector before assigning

them to a local contractors. CLAB is an authorized agency under the construction industry

development board which supplies foreign workers to construction companies that have

fewer than 100 workers. CLAB scrutinizes the background of the applicant company before

deploying their employees. The company will look into the company's financial strength and

also ensure the wellbeing of our employees is taken care.

Introduced in June this year, the card is equipped with quick response codes (QR

codes) as used by Android phones and every detail of the employee and employer can

read. The status of their permit, their salary and their employer's name also can be accessed

from the card using only a smartphone that is directly attributable to our online system and

give free cards to employees. The status of their permit , their salary and their employer's

name also can be accessed from the card using only a smartphone that is directly

attributable to the online system and the card will be provided free of charge to

employees and their contractors. But Rafik emphasized that the card is not a replacement

for their passports. We issue the cards because we know that some of them are working in

extreme weather conditions which make it unsuitable for them to carry along their passports.

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CLAB currently has about 20,000 active workers 70 percent are Indonesia. Rafik also hope

that the government will provide an opportunity to help migrant workers caught

working illegally in the construction industry.

3.2 ISSUES

This article tells the story of an executive officer Rafik Abdul Rajis act with

reforms that introduce foreign workers. This employee id card is due to many companies

and employers to hire foreign workers who do not have passports and valid permit. This

means employers are not concerned with the law and do not care for the welfare of workers

and are not responsible for bringing in foreign workers in the labor exchange center illegal.

Development (CLAB) will recruit foreign nationals who want to work in the construction

sector before they are given to local contractors.

CLAB also is an agency under the construction industry development board to

help companies that need foreign workers. CLAB will assist and supply of foreign

workers to the construction companies that have less than 100 employees and no right to

crop shortages. CLAB will also examine the background of the applicant prior to

mobilize their employees to work at the company and the company's financial strength

in order to ensure the welfare and well-being of employees taken care of.

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Executive officer undertook special identification cards to facilitate closer

monitoring to ensure that employees work in lawful. This ID card is equipped with quick

response codes (QR codes) as used by Android phones and every detail of the employee

and the employer can be read. Even the status of their passport, their salary and their

employer's name also can be accessed from the card using only a smartphone that is

associated directly with the online system.

Chief executive stressed that the card is not a replacement for their passports because

the card is only useful to work only with that can facilitate employee and not have to carry

their passports.

On this article apparently closely related to chapter 3 is a corporate executive

leadership knows the emotional content is essential if employees to buy their future vision of

the company and receive higher-ups change. When offer new visions, especially with clear

goals or away, it is often difficult for employees to accept the changes that they will bring.by

evoke emotions and connect them to an interesting insight, leaders increase the likelihood that

managers and employees alike will accept change.

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3.3 DISCUSSION

All construction companies are required to register under an agency's

construction industry development board that provides foreign workers to development

companies to ease the shortage of employers employing foreign employing to take work with

them.

As the agency (CLAB) should examine the background of the construction

companies that no fraud occurred mainly the financial strength of a company so that the

company can take care of the welfare of migrant workers always awake. Use special ID card

to facilitate employers and other parties.

These special cards are equipped with quick response codes as in use by Android

phones and every detail of the employee and employer can read. This card needs to be

disseminated to the public through newspapers, media, news, internet and more. Party

companies and employers should be aware of the current situation. They need to get this

card immediately at construction labor Exchange Centre Bhd (CLAB) for free.

The authorities and parties concerned should conduct monitoring of construction

companies and employers who employ foreign workers. They that do not follow

procedures and regulations must be given appropriate punishment or penalty.

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4.0 ARTILCE

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4.1 SUMMARY

In this article, was explained about attitudes of some drivers refuse the meter and

also insist on taking two or three passengers at a time. It was complained by Siti Mariam

Yunus works as bank employee who commutes to work daily using commuters at the Kelana

Jaya LRT station. Some driver’s taxi who behaves like "THUGS" to passengers which is

they should suppose to be served politely to them.

Besides that, Siti Mariam was fed up after several bad experiences with taxi drivers

and now she is willing to take the bus instead of taking by taxi while she willing to take up

to an hour at times to arrive at her home. Other than that, Siti Mariam said the taxi drivers

always haggled over the fare and refused to charge according to the meter. When she

wants to ask something, they reply rudely and move to the next passengers waiting in line.

The drivers taxi still take highest prices for short distances and blame it on traffic jams.

Furthermore, other man who have complained the same things about the drivers in

Kelana Jaya and that man is Robert Lim who works as salesman. He said was usually to wait

for other passengers heading in the same direction before the taxi driver would take them in

his car .After that, each passengers will charge at a same rare so the taxi drivers can make

more profit. This is because they don’t care about comfortable of passengers and safety

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passenger unsafe when mixed with a vehicle that does unrecognised .This is can cause

problems for employees taxi to take other passengers may bring disaster to another passenger

who also was in the same vehicle.

4.2 ISSUES

In these issues tells about the passengers commuters are fed up with the attitude of

taxi drivers at the Kelana Jaya LRT station who refuse to use the meter. This is because

taxi drivers who in taking the passengers at that place insistence on the not using the meter

and want to earn more profit.

Taxi workers know that every morning at Kelana Jaya Line LRT stop is fulfilled by

people who want to go to work every day around the area and so also in the afternoon who

want to return to their homes. The passengers using the vehicle to accelerate their journey

to work without waiting for the bus around the area.

Therefore, taxi workers took the opportunity to stop at a stop is to pick up passengers

without using the meter, so more passengers ride taxi, taxi workers earn more profit by

head .If the passenger does not want to ride a cab, taxi workers not will treat the person and

continue to take the other passengers.

After that, the second issues is complained about their attitude is not good. The

passengers behave like thugs to passengers who are shows their characteristic is look

bad and rudely. Let’s take a look about their attitude will become not good. First of all, some

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people work in taxi drivers in that area are from Iranian and the issue of foreign taxi drivers

arose following their involvement in crime as well as depriving locals of the job.

Among the reported cases were Iranian taxi driver Mikaeil Safari Ali, 32, was sentenced

to death by the High Court here after he was found guilty of trafficking in 752.8 gm of syabu,

three years ago.

Passenger Safety Issues Transportation regulations have kept taxi fares low, making

taxis a relatively affordable and widely used form of public transport in that area.

Nonetheless, there are still several pain points in the taxi market that lead passengers to think

twice about taking a taxi in that area. This is especially true for females travelling on their

own, and for anyone travelling alone at night. This broad perception of safety concerns range

from unwanted attention from drivers (for female passengers) to robberies and incidents of

rape in remote locations.

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4.3 DISCUSSION

In my opinion, to settle this discussion is RUDE and DISHONEST of taxi drivers,

they can be suspended work from between one and three months. This is will take

awareness to taxi workers and they must do the right thing what they must suppose to do with

the passengers. After that, all passenger has to do is to get a video or audio recording and

send it to SPAD with the time, place and some information about the driver.

After that, Officers have to get into taxis undercover to find out if drivers are

cheating on the rates or not using meters. They have to alert other enforcement officers to

nab the errant drivers at the end of the trip. As drivers become fully aware of this, a three-

month suspension is going to be normal for those who flout the rules. Adding that the licences

of suspended drivers found to be still picking up passengers would be revoked.

Furthermore, create a new act of the offender is an employee at will taxi to raise

prices and the SPAD should make a schedule to determine the price according to the

distance in the direction of the destination. This can reduce employee attitudes are very

concerned about profit regardless of the Salvation passengers. More than that, if we really

want to change things, we need to empower all uniformed services to enforce regulations

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related to non-criminal activities rather than have separate agencies with each restricted to its

own area.

Last but not least, the solution is to stop importing cars. So many taxis have been

imported these days that they have had to introduce double letter number plates, like AA,

BB, CC and now we’re up to DD. If they don’t stop importing cars there will be too many in

Malaysia and the traffic jams will be even worse.

5.0 ARTICLE

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5.1 SUMMARY

From the article that is post in Berita Harian stated that young people should

dare to explore the opportunity to serve on the international stage. The title on the article

shows that Malaysian people especially young people should dare to explore the opportunity

to serve on the international stage said the receiver Zayed International Prize for the

Environment 2014, Prof Emeritus Datuk Dr. Zakri Abdul Hamid. Besides, he said that

“what I want to do is to encourage them, especially young people and convince them to

altogether equally with other nations in the world in his interview with BERNAMA.

Prof Emeritus Datuk Dr. Zakri Abdul Hamid sharing his experience serving on a

global level said that a lot of sacrifices to do besides being open. Those working with

social organizations will face a variety of situations. Openness is vital for us to adapt to the

environment. This recognition provides positive and constructive news to our country and

hopefully inspires young people that there is a chance for Malaysians work internationally.

They were chosen based on outstanding leadership to bring major changes in global

environmental management. Prof Emeritus Datuk Dr. Zakri Abdul Hamid received the most

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prestigious environmental award for Excellence in Science and Technology category at a

ceremony in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, recently.

5.2 ISSUES

The issues that have been talking in the articles are about “Youth”. Youth is best

understood as a period of transition from the dependence of childhood to adulthood’s

independence and awareness of our interdependence as members of a community.

Besides, youth is a more fluid category than a fixed age-group. From the articles shows that

Malaysian people especially young people should dare to explore the opportunity to serve on

the international stage.

A survey shows that the attitudes of young people towards global economic

change are worth considering. Vladimir Dubsky, citing the results of surveys conducted in

the early to mid-1990s, notes that while 90 per cent of young Czechs supported the transition

to a market economy, only 22 per cent advocated rapid change, compared with 71.8 per cent

who stressed the need for prudence in order to avoid social unrest. The experience of global

economic change in the former communist countries is further evidence of the

unpredictability of globalization and its apparent tendency to provoke disorder not only

within national economies, but also within young people’s lives.

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It is also impact “young people’s transitions into the labor market have been

extended in the West and East, but in the East, for most young people, no destinations

towards which they might head are yet visible because the outcomes of their societies’

transformations are still unclear stated As Ken Roberts. Young people’s experience with

globalization appears to be fraught with uncertainty. However, the degree of that

uncertainty varies according to cultural and social contexts. Much depends upon the extent to

which individuals have the cultural and financial resources to offset the risks associated with

strengthening patterns of inequality.

Bearing in mind geographical and cultural variations, one might ask what active

measures, if any, should be taken to offset the uncertainty and risk engendered in

globalization. In relating the Australian experience, Peter Kelly asserts that the emergence of

a vocational education and training (VET) agenda in post-compulsory secondary schools

represents an attempt to regulate youth transitions.

This author underlines the declining influence of class, gender and family

coordinates in young people’s lives and the fact that youth are becoming more

personally responsible for who they are and where they are going. The VET approach

reflects an acknowledgment of this trend and seeks to manage youth transitions through the

construction of networks or “pathways”, providing young people with information about labor

markets, arranging work placements and facilitating training in ways that are flexible enough

to account for the uncertainties in young people’s lives. VET programmers are particularly

aimed at addressing the more problematic experiences of disadvantaged or socially

excluded young people who inhabit what Kelly calls “wild zones”, while also ensuring that

they are “job ready”.

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5.3 DISCUSSION

The discussion on this article is firstly, supports. Motivational, emotional and

strategic supports to succeed in life. The supports can take many different forms, so young

people must be affirming, respectful, and ongoing. Supports are powerful when offered by

a variety of people, such as parents and close relatives, community social networks, teachers,

youth workers, employers, health providers, and peers who are involved in the lives of young

people.

Secondly are opportunities. Chances for young people to learn how to act in the

world around them, to explore, express, earn, belong, and influence. Opportunities give

young people the chance to test ideas and behaviors, and to experiment with different

roles. It is important to stress that young people, just like adults, learn best through active

participation and that learning occurs in all types of settings and situations.

Thirdly is quality service. Services in such areas as education, health, employment,

and juvenile justice which contribute, to take on new roles, and be a part of the group;

and supportive adults and peers who provide respect, high standards and expectations,

guidance and affirmation to young people.

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Lastly young people should practice this such as cognitive competence, vocational

competence and moral competence. Cognitive competence is good reasoning, problem-

solving and planning skills that the ability to think abstractly, reflectively and flexibly.

Vocational competence is a sense of purpose and belief in the future, educational

aspirations, adequate preparation for work and family life then moral competence is the

development of character, values, and personal responsibility, a desire to be ethical and

to be involved in efforts that contribute to the common good.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, from the article one strike is not the only way to solve this problem,

but with a good discussion between the two parties, namely between union leaders

and mayors it can be resolved amicably without doing walkout at work causing traffic

jams and disrupt the lives of people the work that resulted in delays to the work due to

transportation disruptions.

Overall in article two, managers need to develop their interpersonal, or people,

skills to be effective in their jobs, can help organization attract and keep high

performance employees.

For article three, leader plays a central part in understanding group behavior

because the leader who usually directs us toward our goals. Knowing what makes a

good leader should thus be valuable in improving group performance.

Next, in article four attitudes are evaluative statements either favorable or

unfavorable about objects, people or events. An attitude is a predisposition to respond

in a positive or negative way to someone or something in one’s environment.

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Lastly, for last article it can be concluded that young people should dare to

explore the opportunity to serve on the international stage. It will help them helps

them to know what is right, what is wrong, or good or bad and values develop as a

products of learning and experiences.

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