Mevalonic acid pathway

Terpenoids is a form of the compound with large structural diversity in natural products derived and isoprene units (C5) which is coupled to a model head to tail (head-to-tail), whereas isoprene units derived from the metabolism of acetic acid by mevalonic acid pathway (mevalonic acid : MVA). The reaction is as follows:

Figure 1. Line acetate in the formation of IPP that is a brick forming terpenoids via mevalonic acid (Dewick, 1997)

TERPENOID

In general, the biosynthesis of terpenoids with the three basic reactions are:

1. Formation of active isoprene derived from acetic acid via mevalonic acid

2. Pengganbungan head and tail of two isoprene units will form a mono-, seskui-, di-, and poly-terpenoids sester -

3. Merger tail and tail of unit C-15 or C-20 produces triterpenoids and steroids

The mechanism of reaction steps biosynthesis of terpenoids are acetic acid after activated by coenzyme A did Claisen condensation type of acid generating acetoacetate. The resulting compound with acetyl coenzyme A did aldol type condensation produces branched carbon chains as found in mevalinat acid. subsequent reactions is phosphorylation, elimination of phosphoric acid and decarboxylation produce Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) which subsequently berisomerisasi be Dimethyl allyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) by isomerase enzyme. IPP as active isoprene units joined head to tail with DMAPP and this merger is the first step of the polymerization of isoprene to produce terpenoids.

(The mechanism of reaction steps terpenoid biosynthesis is acetic acid after activated by coenzyme A did Claisen condensation type of acid generating acetoacetate. The resulting compound with acetyl coenzyme A did aldol type condensation produces branched carbon chains as found in mevalinat acid. Subsequent reactions is phosphorylation, elimination of phosphoric acid and decarboxylation produce Isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) which subsequently berisomerisasi be Dimethyl allyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) by isomerase enzyme. IPP as active isoprene units joined head to tail with DMAPP and this merger is the first step of the polymerization of isoprene to produce terpenoids.)

This incorporation occurs because electrons attack of the double bond carbon atoms IPP terhhadap of electron-deficient DMAPP followed by removal of pyrophosphate ion that produces geranil pyrophosphate (GPP)

yes it is compound between for all compound monoterpenoid.

Subsequent incorporation of one unit of IPP and GPP by the same mechanism produces Farnesil pyrophosphate (FPP) which is the intermediate compound for all compounds sesquiterpenoids. diterpenoid compounds derived from geranil-geranil Pirofosffat (GGPP) derived from the condensation of one unit of IPP and GPP by the same mechanism.

The mechanism of the biosynthesis of terpenoid compounds are as follows: