Metrics & Density

Topic: Metric System

Objectives: Day 1 of 3

• I will know how the metric system is based on powers of 10

• I will understand the units of length, volume, and mass

• I will learn how to convert using the metric system

Unit: Metrics and Density

Quickwrite:

In 1-2 sentences answer one of the questions below:

►Is the yard part of the Metric System or English (standards) System????

►If you were driving in Mexico or Canada, would you use miles per hour (MPH) or Kilometers per hour???

The Metric System

A measurement system based on units or powers of 10

• MeterMeter measures length

• GramGram measures mass

• Liter Liter measures volume

The Meter Stick

37-38 = 1 centimeterWith 10 millimeters

inside

40-50 = 1 decimeterWith 10 centimeters

inside

Here is one meterstick shrunken down

What is the Metric System?

• A measurement system based on units or powers of ___

Answer BankWeighing

1000SpaceVolume

10mass

This is 1 meter

(Remember 1 meter is much larger)

1 meter = 10 decimeters

1 meter = 100 centimeters

1 meter =1000 millimeters

Divide by powers of 10!

Basic Units of the Metric System

• Mass – When we mass or weigh something we use

the gram

• Length – When we measure distance or length, we use

the meter

• Volume– A measurement of how much space an object

takes up and is measured by the liter

The Meter

The meter is used to measure length and distance

A Kilometer is a 1000 meters and is similar in length to the mile

What is the Meter?

The meter is used to measure ____ and distance

Answer BankWeighing

MeterstuffLiter1000

Spacelength

Volume10

mass

The Gram

A gram is used to measure Mass Mass is a measure how much stuff

(or matter) the object is made of We find mass by weighing the object

What is the Gram?

A gram is used to measure____ Mass is a measure how much

_____ (or matter) the object is made of

We find mass by weighing the object

Answer Bank

MeterstuffLiter1000

Spacelength

Volume10

mass

The Liter

• A liter is used to measure Volume

• Volume is how much space an object uses up

50mL→

What is a Liter?

• A liter is used to measure______

• Volume is how much _____ an object uses up Answer Bank

WeighingmeterLiterstuff1000

SpaceVolume

10Masslength

50mL→

Prefix Number

Kilo-Kilo- 1000

Hecto- 100

Decka- 10

Meter, Meter, Gram, Gram, LiterLiter

1

Deci- 1/10 or0.1

Centi-Centi- 1/100 or0.01

Milli-Milli- 1/1000 or0.001

Notice: each unit is 10 times

Larger or10 times smaller

Metric Step Ladder

Basic Unit:Meter,Gram,Liter

Length:Your house is 8 meters tall, how many millimeters tall is it?

Basic Unit:Meter,Gram,Liter

8

8,0001 meter = 1000 millimeters

80000Millimeters(mm) tall

Length:Your bike is 2 meters in length, how many centimeters long is it?

Basic Unit:Meter,Gram,Liter

2.0

200.0

1 meter = 100 centimeters

2000 Centimeters(cm) long

Mass:A paperclip weighs 7 grams, how many milligrams does it weigh?

Basic Unit:Meter,Gram,Liter

7

7,000

70000 Milligrams

Volume:For breakfast, you drank 350 milliliters of orange juice, how many centiliters did you drink?

Basic Unit:Meter,Gram,Liter

35.0

350.0

350 Centiliters(cL)

Length:You drove 6500 meters on your way to school this morning, how many kilometers did you drive?

Basic Unit:Meter,Gram,Liter

6500.0

6.5

1 kilometer = 1000 meters

65000 Kilometers(km)

Mass:Your backpack weighs 7 kilograms, how many grams does it weigh?

Basic Unit:Meter,Gram,Liter

7000.0

7.0

70000 Grams(g)

• Use the metric conversion ladderUse the metric conversion ladder

• 100 centimeters (cm) = ____ meters (m)

• 1 kilometer (km) = ____ meters (m)

• 2000 milliLiters (mL) = _________ Liters (L)• 400 centigrams (cg) = __________ grams (g)

• 4.6 kilometers (km) = ___________ meters (m)• 12 centimeters (cm) = ___________ millimeters (mm)

Summarize:

• Metric system is a measurement system based on units or powers of____

• Meter measures____• ____measures mass• ____measures volume• 1 km = _______meters• 1000 mm = ______meters• ____cm = 1 meter

Answer BankGram1000

1liter10

Length100

Topic: Density

Objectives: day 2 of 3

• I will learn how to calculate volume by water displacement

• I will understand the concept of density gi en mass and volume

Unit: Metrics and Density

Quickwrite:

In 1-2 sentences answer one of the questions below:

►When you get into a hot tub, what happens to the water level????

►What do you think is more dense, lead or wood????

Quickwrite

In 1-2 sentences answer one of the questions below:

►Is the yard part of the metric system or English(standards) system????

►If you were driving in Mexico or Canada, would you use miles per hour (MPH) or Kilometers per hour???

Volume

• We use Volume when we want to find the capacity of something (how much liquid is inside)

• Volume is measured is liters

2 ways we find volume:• For simple shapes, like

cubes and spheres, we can calculate them through basic math

• For example, to find the volume of a cube we measure the (Length x Width x Height)

• But, we'll let math class teach you that

2 ways we find volume:• If something has

an irregular shape, how do we find the volume of it?

• The other way we find volume is by displacement

Volume by Displacement

• Let's say we want to find the volume of a rock

• You can't exactly take out a ruler and measure it like you could a cube or triangle

Volume by Displacement• Here's how you do it:• You drop the rock into

water• Obviously, the water

level will rise• But, by how much?• The amount it rises

equals the volume of the rock

Volume by Displacement

• Submerging the object will cause the water level to rise

• The amount it rises, equals the volume of the rock in Liters

What is Volume by Displacement?

• Method used to find volume of an ____shaped object

• _____the object, will cause the water level to rise

• The amount it rises, equals the volume of the rock in_____.

Answer Bankmass

SubmergingGramsVolumeSinks

Irregular1

Liter(s) (2)floats

Mass

-When we mass something, we measure how much stuff (or matter) the object is made of

-We find mass by weighing the object

-Mass is measured in grams

Mass

• What has more mass? You or me?

• In other words, who is made up of more stuff? You or me?

• What has more mass? The earth or me?

• Density measures how tightly matter is compacted• Density compares the mass of an object to its volume.• In the density expression, the mass of an object or

substance is written in the numerator and its volume in the denominator.

D = mass = g or g = g/cm3

volume mL cm3

Note: 1 mL = 1 cm3

Density

Density• Density measures how tightly matter is

compacted• Lets imagine we have 2 cubes the same size• However, now let us imagine that one cube is

made of lead, and the other is made of Foam• They both have the same size but which one is

more dense?LeadLead FoamFoam

LeadLead

Density• The lead Cube is! • But why?• Well, it all has to do with how much stuff is packed

into the same amount of space!FoamFoam

Density• Let's look at these fish

which are the same size

• Even though they are the same size they all have different densities

• They all have the same volume

• But, each fish has a different masse

Density• Each fish has a

different mass, therefore each has a different weight

• The reason has to do with how much stuff (matter) is packed into the same amount of space or volume

The lead fish has thesame volume, but, it contains more matterand therefore weighs

more

The wood fish has thesame volume, but, it contains less matterand therefore weighs

less

• Density measures how tightly matter is compacted

• It compares the ____of an object to its _____.

• Recall that mass is measured in ____ and volume is measured in ______ therefore the units of density are _____. D = mass = g or g = g/cm3

volume mL cm3

Note: 1 mL = 1 cm3

What is Density?

Answer Bankmass

SubmergingGramsVolumeSinksg/mL

Irregular1

Liter (2)floats

Water and Density• If you had a cube, and each side was 1

cm, what would it’s volume be? • Length x Width x Height• Now let’s imagine this cube is empty• How much water would it take to fill it up?

• 1cm x 1cm x 1cm= 1cm3

• As it turns out, it takes 1 milliliter occupies 1 cubic centimeter or cm3

• In other words, 1mL = 1 cm3 • This is nice, because it makes the

density of water is equal to 1

Water and Density

• Water has a density of 1

• If an object sinks, it has a density greater than 1

• If an object floats, it has a density less than 1

What is the Density of Water?

• Water has a density of___ g/mL• If an object____, it has a density

greater than 1and If an object_____, it has a density less than 1

Answer Bankmass

SubmergingGramsVolumeSinks

Irregular1

Liter (2)floats

Practice:

• An object weighs 10 grams. It has a volume of 5 mL. What is it’s density?

D = mass (g) = 10g = 2 g/mL

Volume (mL) 5mL

Where is the air most dense? Closer or Farther from the surface??

Where is the population the most dense? East or West Coast?The least dense? East or West Coast?

Summary

• Volume by displacement is when we _____ an object to find it’s volume.

• Density compares the ____of an object to its _____.

• Density = mass divided by _____• The units of density are in either

g/cm3 or _____.• The density of ____ is equal to 1.

Answer Bankmass

Submergewater

Volume (2)g/mL

Topic: Science BasicsObjectives: Day 3 of 3

• I will understand the difference between an element and a molecule

• I will know how different forms of energy and they are transferred

• I will know the different layers of the earth

Unit: Metrics and Density

Quickwrite:

In 1-2 sentences answer one of the questions below:

►Does hot air rise or sink????

►When you get X-Rays at the Doctor’s office, why do you think they put a lead blanket over you???

ElementsElements

• All Matter, that is everything on earth and beyond is made of substances called elements

• An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical means

• Elements usually combine with other elements to form compounds

ElementsElementsDiamond

Pure Carbon

GoldAu

CompoundsCompounds• When two or more elements

bond with each other, we call it a compound

• Water is a compound that forms between two elements– Hydrogen and oxygen

• Salt is a compound that forms between Sodium and Chlorine

CompoundsCompoundsWaterH2O

SaltNaCl

What is the difference between What is the difference between an Element and a Compound?an Element and a Compound?

• Elements are the ____substances that cannot be broken down

• When two or more elements bond with each other, we call it a_____

ElementElement CompoundCompound

Answer BankCrustFlowsBumpLiquid

Compoundsimplest

Heat

• Heat is the energy that moves from an object with a higher temperature to an object with a lower temperature

• When an object has no heat, this object is cold

What is Heat?

• The energy that ___ from an object with a higher temperature to an object with a lower temperature

Answer BankCrust

movesBumpLiquid

Compoundsimplest

Convection• Convection is the

transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material

• Only occurs with gases and liquids

• When gases and liquids are warmed, their molecules move apart, increasing its volume and decreasing its density, causing it to rise

• Eventually, gas or liquid will start to cool, causing it to fall back down and the cycle repeats itself

Conduction• The surface of the earth

absorbs radiation, causing the molecules to rub into one another – Conduction

• Conduction is the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump into one another

Conduction and Heat Transfer

Heat Flow

• Conduction is the transfer of heat that occurs when molecules bump into one another

What’s the difference between Convection and Conduction?

• Conduction is the transfer of energy that occurs when molecules ___ into one another

• Convection is the transfer of heat by the ____ of a

heated material

Answer BankCrustFlowsBumpLiquid

Compoundsimplest

Radiation

• Another way energy is transferred is by radiation

• Energy transfer through space by electromagnetic waves in the form of visible light, Ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma waves

What is Radiation?

• Energy transfer through space by in the form of _____

• Ex: visible light, Ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma waves

Answer BankwavesFlowsBumpLiquid

Compoundsimplest

Layers of the Earth

Liquid Iron OuterCore

Mantle(molten rock)

Crust(thin rocky outer layer)

LithosphereDense layer made up of the

Crust and upper mantle

Solid IronCore

What are the layers of the earth?

• Inner core - solid iron

• Outer core –____ iron

• Mantle - molten rock

• Crust – thin rocky outer layer

• Lithosphere – dense part made up of the ____ and outer mantle

Answer BankCrustFlowsBumpLiquid

Compoundsimplest

Summarize:

• The simplest substances on earth are called _____

• Elements combine with other elements to form _____

• ______ is the transfer of heat by the flow of a material

• Draw and label:

Answer Bank

compoundsElements

convection