METHODS USED IN COMPILING THE UNITED...

STlESAISTATlSEFLMI82

DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL AFFAIRS STATISTICALOFFICE OFTHEUNITEDNATIONS

STATISTICAL PAPERS Series M No. 82

METHODS USED IN COMPILING THE UNITED NATIONS -PRICE INDEXES FOR EXTERNAL TRADE

VOLUME II

(Also incorporating quantum indexes)

UNITED NATIONS New York, 1991

NOTE

Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures.

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

In some tables, the designation "developed" and "developing" economies is intended for statistical convenience and does not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process.

Through accession of the German Democratic Republic to the Federal Republic of Germany with effect from 3 October 1990, the two German States have united to form one sovereign State. As from the date of unification, the Federal Republic of Germany acts in the United Nations under the designation "Germany".

Data referred to in this publication relate to the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany prior to 3 October 1990.

ST/ESA/STAT/SER.M/82

UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION

Sales No. E.91.XVII.8

ISBN 92- 1-161332-9

CONTENTS

Chapter

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . ..*............s.......................

I. MANUFACTURED GOODS EXPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A. History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*.........-...............

8. Sources of data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 - 35

C. Calculation of aggregate indexes .__....__........

D. Reservations . . . . . . . ..-.............-.............

II. FUEL IMPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..-.............

A. History ..........................................

B. Sources of data ..................................

C. Calculation of aggregate indexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

D. Reservations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*..............

IIT. TOTAL EXPORTS AND IMPORTS . . . . . . . . ..I................. 72 - 106

A. History ..........................................

B: Sources of data ..................................

C. Calculation of aggregate indexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 - 105

D. Reservations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..-........... 106

IV. EXPORT PRICE INDEX OF MACHINERY AND TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT . ..I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

A. History ..........................................

B. Sources of data ..................................

C. Calculation of aggregate indexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

D. Reservations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..-....-.

V. CALCULATION OF AGGREGATE INDEXES: THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES AND DESCRIPTION OF ACTUAL CALCULATIONS . . . .

Paragravhs

1-4

5 - 48

15 - 26

36 - 43 9

44 - 48 10

49 - 71

58 - 65

66 - 68

69 - 70

71

85 - 97

98 - 101

12

13

15

16

16

17

19

22

22

23

107 - 139 24

116 - 123 25

124 - 130 28

131 - 134 29

135 - 139 30

140 - 183 31

. . . --111-

CONTENTS (continued)

Page

Annexes

I.

II.

III.

IV.

V.

VI.

VII.

VIII.

MANUFACTURED GOODS EXPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*.....................

FUEL IMPORTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TOTAL EXPORTS AND IMPORTS: INDEX NUMBERS OF QUANTUM, UNIT VALUE AND TERMS OF TRADE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

EXPORT PRICE INDEX OF MACHINERY AND TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT FOR SELECTED COUNTRIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MANUFACTURED GOODS EXPORTS: CURRENT SOURCES AND DESCRIPTION OF UNIT VALUE, QUANTUM INDEXES AND VALUES . . . . ..*...................

FUEL IMPORTS: CURRENT SOURCES AND DESCRIPTION OF UNIT VALUE, QUANTUM INDEXES AND VALUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TOTAL EXPORTS AND IMPORTS: CURRENT SOURCES AND DESCRIPTION OF UNIT VALUE, QUANTUM INDEXES AND VALUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

MACHINERY AND TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT: CURRENT SOURCES AND DESCRIPTION OF PRICE INDEXES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

47

53

59

65

70

94

105

130

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EXPLANATORY NOTES

Reference to "dollars" ($) indicates United States dollars, unless otherwise stated.

The term "billion" signifies a thousand million.

A hyphen (-1 between years, e.g., 1984-1985, indicates the full period involved, including the beginning and end years: a slash (1) indicates a financial year, school year or crop year, e.g., 1984185.

A point (.) is used to indicate decimals.

The following symbols have been used in the tables:

Two dots (..) indicate that data are not available or are not separately reported.

A dash (--) indicates that the amount is nil or negligible.

A hyphen (-) indicates that the term is not applicable.

A minus sign (-) before a number indicates a deficit or decrease, except as indicated.

Details and percentages in tables do not necessarily add to totals because of rounding.

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INTRODUCTION

1. The Statistical Office of the United Nations Secretariat compiles, inter alia, the following indexes relating to movements of prices of commodities entering into international trade. They are:

(a) Primary commodities: price index:

(b) Non-ferrous base metals: price index;

(c) Machinery and transport equipment: price index;

(d) Manufactured goods exports: unit value indexes and quantum index:

(e) Fuel imports: unit value index and quantum index;

(f) Total exports and imports: unit value index, quantum index and terms-of-trade index.

The first index shows the price movement of primary commodities, comprising raw food and raw materials; the second index refers to an important class of intermediate goods, the non-ferrous base metals; the third, fourth and fifth indexes treat final products and the sixth addresses the entire trade of the world market economy.

2. The present publication, which is being issued in two volumes, describes the methods used in the compilation of the indexes. Volume I supersedes an earlier publication entitled Methods Used in Comniling the United Nations Price Indexes for Basic Commodities in International Trade I/ published in 1979, and presents the methodology in respect of indexes for primary commodities and non-ferrous base metals (items (a) and (b) in paragraph 1 above). In addition, it lists the individual price series entering into the computation of the indexes. Shifts in importance of the trade in particular commodities are shown in volume I, table 1, which lists the weighting patterns for the base years 1953, 1959, 1963, 1970, 1975 and 1980.

3. Within the primary commodities index, sub-indexes are calculated for commodity groups and commodity classes. Annual indexes, beginning in 1950, and quarterly indexes beginning in 1954, calculated for each commodity group and each commodity class where available, are shown in part two of volume I. The series is kept up to date, and current data appear in the Monthlv Bulletin of Statistics. 21

4. Volume II describes the methodology in respect of the other indexes named and provides details on the basic data used and their sources.

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I. MAWUFACTURED GOODS EXPORTS

5. The Statistical Office compiles both unit value and quantum indexes for manufactured goods exports (see annex I). The unit value indexes are estimates of the unit values of exports of manufactured goods from individual countries and groups of countries in any given period, relative to the unit values of those exports in a predetermined (base) year. Similarly, the quantum indexes are estimates of the volume of manufactured goods exports, from the same countries and groups of countries, in any period, relative to the volume of those exports in the base period.

6. The unit value indexes are based on data for all (25) developed countries and for 20 developing countries. a/ The quantum indexes are derived from these unit value indexes and value figures for all developed and developing countries. A/ In 1980, the exports of manufactured goods by these countries accounted for approximately 93 per cent of world exports of manufactured goods. Consequently, changes in the unit value indexes could be considered to represent approximate price movements for world exports of manufactures. Similarly, changes in the corresponding quantum indexes could be considered to represent approximate movements in the physical volume of world exports of manufactures.

7. The term "manufactured goods" is defined to comprise all products included in sections 5 through 8 of the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC). 55/ These sections are: chemicals and related products; manufactured goods, classified chiefly by material; machinery and transport equipment; and miscellaneous manufactured articles.

8. The index numbers are compiled and published for "Total"; "Developed economies" and regional subgroups; individual developed countries in each subgroup; and "Developing economies'*. 61

9. The unit value indexes for each country are obtained mainly from national sources. In the case of countries that do not compile indexes for the overall category "Manufactured goods exports" conforming to the above definition (see para. 7), but do compile index numbers for subcategories of manufactured goods exports, those sub-indexes are aggregated to approximate an index of SITC, sections 5 through 8. For a few countries the Statistical Office computes the unit value index, using those countries' published quantity and value figures for exports of manufactured goods. Where unit value index numbers, or the national data necessary to compute them, are not available in any given period then estimates are made by the Statistical Office. The quantum indexes for each country are derived by the Statistical Office from a country's value data, and unit value index numbers are obtained in one of the above-mentioned ways.

10. The unit value indexes for country groups are calculated according to the Paasche formula as current-period-weighted averages of indexes for each of the countries included in the group. The quantum indexes for country groups are calculated according to the Laspeyres formula as base-period-weighted averages of indexes for each of the countries included in the group. The weights are determined by the value of exports of manufactured goods in United States dollars by each country in the group.

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11. All the national index numbers are converted, where necessary, to United States dollar terms and rebased to 1980, which is the base year used by the/' Statistical Office for statistical purposes, in order to permit the calculation of the aggregate indexes for each regional grouping. This is necessary since most countries compute their indexes for manufactured goods exports on the basis of values expressed in terms of their own national currencies and with a base period which may or may not coincide with that of the Statistical Office.

12. Unit value indexes for the groups "Total", "Developed economies" and "Developing economies" are also published in terms of special drawing rights (SDRS). Such series are more independent of large variations in exchange rates between the United States dollar and the national currency than are the series compiled in terms of United States dollars.

13. Series are revised and published as a result of new data received for those periods and presented in the current issue of the Monthlv Bulletin of Statistics.

14. The indexes are published in the March, June, September and December issues of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics, in the Statistical Yearbook 11 and in the International T . . rade Statlstlcs Yearbook. 81

A. Historv

1. Coverage and periodicity

(a) General

15. Unit value and quantum index numbers for manufactured goods exports were 'first published in the November 1953 issue of the Monthlv Bulletin of Statistics, commencing with annual data for 1948 for the unit value and 1950 for the quantum indexes. The quarterly data for unit value and quantum series commenced with 1952. In the March 1954 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of . Btatxst its quarterly data were published, commencing with 1950 for the unit value and 1951 for the quantum indexes.

(b) Unit value indexes in terms of United States dollars and auantum indexes

16. The index numbers were initially published in the November 1953 issue of the M n hl ) only for the "World", which was represented by a sample of nine major manufactured goods exporting countries. 9/ Commencing with the December 1962 issue of the Bulletin, coverage of the "World" index numbers was increased to 11 countries and the individual national series were shown along with the "world" series. lQ/ The annual series started with data for 1950 and the quarterly with data for 1960. In the June 1975 issue, coverage of the "World" index numbers was increased to 25 countries (all the developed countries); sub-indexes were presented.based on various economic and geographical groupings of the component countries, and most of the individual national series were shown. 111 The annual series started with data for 1970 (as well as for the years 1960 and 1965); and the quarterly with data for the third quarter 1973. In the December 1988 issue,

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\ .-'.,indexes were published for each individual developed country. Annual data

commenced with 1980 (as well as for 1975) and quarterly data with 1987.

17. In'thc December 1982 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics, annual summary uni&alue and quantum indexes for the developing countries were introduced based on a samPle of 13 countries. JJ/ The annual series commenced with data for 1977 (as well as for the year 1970). In the December 1983 issue, the number of countries entering into the calculation of the indexes for developing economies was increased to 20. JJ/ Commencing with that issue of the Bulletin the annual data presented for those indexes for the years 1970 and 1975 to 1979 inclusive were based upon the original country sample of 13 countries and the data beginning with 1980 were calculated using the increased country sample of 20 countries. .&4/ Also in the December 1983 issue, quarterly series were introduced based on a sample of 10 developing countries, which is a sub-set of the countries included in the calculation of the annual indexes. $51 The quarterly data commenced with 1982. X/ Individual developing country series are not published.

(c) Unit value indexes in terms of national currency

18. Unit value indexes in terms of national currency were first published for selected developed countries in the September 1975 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics. n/ The annual series started with data for 1970 (as well as for the years 1960 and 1965) and the quarterly with data for the fourth quarter of 1973. Commencing with the December 1988 issue, series were published for each individual developed country for which data were available. Annual data commenced with 1980 (as well as for 1975) and quarterly data with 1987.

(d) Unit value indexes in terms of SDRs

19. Unit value indexes expressed in terms of SDRs for "Developed economies**, *'Developing economies" and "world", were first published in the December 1982 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics: Annual data for these series commenced with 1977 (as well as for 1970). Quarterly data commenced with 1981 but referred only to "Developed economies". In the December 1983 issue, the annual index numbers were published beginning with annual data for 1975 (as well as for 1970). In the same issue, quarterly series for "Developing economies" and "World" were introduced. The quarterly data commenced with 1982.

2. Changes in country classification

20. Series have been recalculated for past periods on a number of occasions to take account of changes in the classification of particular countries between the subgroups of Europe and between developed and developing countries. In 1981 Greece became a member of the European Economic Community (EEC). Prior to this it had been classified as part of "Other Europe". Annual series were recalculated back to 1970 taking into account this change. The quarterly series incorporating the change began with 1982.

21. In 1985 Yugoslavia was reclassified by the Statistical Office as a developing economy country and so was excluded from the index number

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calculations for "Developed economies", and subgroups thereof, and included with those calculations for the "Developing economies". In 1986, Portugal and Spain joined the EEC. Prior to this, Portugal had been a member of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and Spain had been classified as part of "Other Europe". The annual series were recalculated back to 1980 and the quarterly series back to 1985, taking into account these reclassifications for Portugal, Spain and Yugoslavia.

3. Base Year

22. The series were initially published with base year 1950 = 100. Subsequently, the years 1958, 1963, 1970, 1975 and 1980 were used as base periods. At each time a change was made in the base year, approximately ten years of annual data were recalculated. Varying numbers of quarters were also recalculated each time the base year changed.

4. Changes in SITC

23. The term "manufactured goods exports" for these series is defined to comprise sections 5 through 8 of SITC. Since its inception in 1950, SITC has been revised in 1961 (SITC, Revised), in 1975 (SITC, Revision 2) and, most recently, in 1986 (SITC, Revision 3). The indexes as they are currently published in the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics are presented as far as possible on the basis of data classified according to SITC, Rev.2, up to and including data for 1987. Beginning with data for 1988 the indexes are presented, as far as possible, on the basis of data classified according to SITC, Rev.3.

24. While the definition of "manufactured goods" has remained as the sum of sections 5 through 8, changes in the way commodities have been classified according to each new revision of SITC have meant a somewhat different aggregation at the section level, as some commodities were formerly in sections other than sections 5 through 8. Different countries compile their trade statistics according to different revisions of SITC and countries change the version of SITC used over time. J&/ Consequently, for any given period the trade values and index numbers presented for each country may be based on slightly different definitions of the term "Manufactured goods" and the same situation may arise for different periods for the same country. While most developed countries currently employ SITC, Rev.3, some report according to SITC, Revised, or SITC, Rev.2. Most developing countries use either SITC, Revised, or SITC, Rev.2, or a national classification.

25. Over time the shift from one version of SITC to another affects the aggregate indexes for the regional and economic groups in so far as the shift affects the proportion that each country's manufactured goods exports represent of the total value of manufactured goods exports of the countries included in the index calculations.

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5. Method of aggregation

26. For the periods when 1950, 1958 and 1963 were the base years, the Laspeyres formula was used to derive all of the aggregate unit value and quantum indexes, with weights being determined by the value of manufactured goods exports of each country in the base period. When 1970 was made the base year, the Paasche formula was introduced to derive all of the aggregate unit value indexes, with weights being determined by the value of manufactured goods exports of each country or group in the current period. As such, the index was made more appropriate to be employed as an approximate deflator in economic analysis. The Laspeyres formula has continued to be used to derive all the aggregate quantum indexes, with weights being determined by the value of relevant trade in the base period. The weights used to derive the aggregate unit value indexes in 1987 are shown in table 1.

Table 1. Weiahts used to derive augreaate unit value indexes for manufactured goods extorts. 1987

(Percentages)

Region, country Weight Region, country Weight

Developed economies 84.01 America 14.28

Canada 3.67 United States 10.62

Europe 54.88 EEC 46.75

Belgium-Luxembourg 3.93 Denmark 0.91 France 6.85 Germany, F.R. 16.22 Greece 0.23 Ireland 0.63 Italy 6.38 Netherlands 3.49 Portugal 0.45 Spain 1.51 United Kingdom 6.15

Total = 1OQ

Europe (continued) EFTA

Austria Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Switzerland

Other Europe Malta

Other developed economies Australia Israel Japan New Zealand South Africa a./

Developing economies b/

8.10 1.49 1.02 0.02 0.62 2.30 2.66

0.03 14.85

0.32 0.45

13.66 0.11 0.30

15.99

a/ Weight based on estimated value of manufactured goods exports.

41 The weights for each of the developing countries or areas are as follows: Argentina, 0.18; Brazil, 0.75; Chile, 0.23; Hong Kong, 1.80; India, 0.54; Indonesia, 0.27; Malaysia, 0.59; Mexico, 0.65; Pakistan, 0.22; Peru, 0.08; Philippines, 0.16; Republic of Korea, 3.29; Singapore, 1.43; Thailand, 0.46; Taiwan, Province of China, 3.71; Trinidad and Tobago, 0.22; Tunisia, 0.10; Turkey, 0.51; Yugoslavia, 0.92; Zambia, 0.07.

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B. Sources of data

1. Unit value indexes

(a) Indexes cornoiled bv national authorities

27. Relevant index numbers are extracted from national publications once their SITC coverage has been verified. Most countries that compile index numbers in the form required provide them on an advance basis to the Statistical Office. For several countries the index numbers published are price indexes rather than unit value indexes. B/ Also, different countries may compile different types of indexes such as the Laspeyres, Paasche, Fisher or other types. a/

(b) Indexes computed bv the Statistical Office of the United Nations Secretariat

28. Where indexes are not compiled nationally according to the appropriate SITC definition they are computed by the Statistical Office by one of the following methods:

(i) Aggregating national published sub-indexes which together constitute all, or nearly all, of a country's exports of manufactured goods, using current weights based on the value of exports of the categories of goods covered by the sub-indexes;

(ii) Compiling a Paasche-type, current-weighted index, using quantity and value data for exports of individual (4 digit SITC) commodity subgroups.

(c) Indexes estimated by the Statistical Office of the United Nations Secretariat

29. If the index is not available for any particular country, or cannot be computed using the above methods for any period for which data are to be published, that index is estimated according to one of the following methods, depending on the extent of the information available at the time of estimation:

(i) Extrapolating the recent trend in the index number series taking into account, where possible, any impact of current world economic and political conditions on the international trade situation:

(ii) Substituting a proxy index, which may be the unit value index for a particular commodity that constitutes a significant percentage of all of a country's exports of manufactured goods:

(iii) Constructing a proxy index from unit value indexes and values for a number of commodities or groups of commodities that together constitute a significant percentage of all of a country's exports of manufactured goods.

30. The implicit assumptions for (ii) and (iii) above are that changes in the unit values of the commodities considered are representative of changes in the unit values of all commodities comprising the total index; and/or that the

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commodities considered carry sufficient weight in the total index that movements in the unit values of unrepresented commodities would have no significant effect on the total index.

2. Values of trade

31. The values of trade used in the index compilations are of two kinds. The first, in United States dollars, are used as weights to calculate the aggregate indexes for regions, economic groups and the total, and to derive all quantum indexes. For most countries included in the index number calculations these values are supplied directly to the Statistical Office by the national statistical offices. The figures expressed in terms of national currency are converted into United States dollars, using the same current conversion factors as those used to derive the indexes in terms of dollars discussed in paragraphs 37-40 below. These values are published in the Commodity Trade Statistics fascicles a/ and maintained in the Statistical Office's computerized commodity trade statistics data base, COMTRADE. Where such data are not available at the time the indexes are to be compiled, estimates are used. a/

32. The second values, generally in national currencies, are used to weight indexes for individual commodities or groups of commodities in order to construct proxy indexes for a country's exports of manufactured goods. These are usually taken from the same published sources as the index numbers themselves. The cases where the values are not in national currency correspond to cases where the indexes are calculated in terms of United States dollars and the values used to weight them are also in terms of dollars.

3. Quantum indexes

33. As indicated above (paras. 5-14) the quantum indexes for each country are derived by the Statistical Office from a country's value data, and from unit value index numbers obtained in one of the ways outlined in paragraphs 27-32.

4. Annual and auarterlv indexes

34. Unit value and quantum indexes for annual periods are computed independently of those for quarterly periods and are not derived from the quarterly indexes.

5. Sources and detailed information

35. A detailed list of the sources of the basic value data, unit value and hence quantum index data, a brief description, where necessary, of the data and of the method used by the Statistical Office to compute national unit value indexes, an indication of the types of national indexes, the base year currently used and the commodity classification applying for each country are contained in annex V.

C. Calculation of aggregate indexes

36. The ways in which unit value and quantum indexes are aggregated across countries to the various regional and economic groupings and the way in which quantum indexes for individual countries are derived are briefly described below. A complete description of these methods, including the theoretical principles upon which they are based and the actual calculations performed by the Statistical Office, is contained in chapter V.


(a) Rebasina and conversion to United States dollar basis

37. All national indexes entering into these calculations are rebased, where necessary, to the year 1980 by dividing the value of the index in the current period by the annual value of the index in 1980 and multiplying by 100. Each national index is then converted into United States dollar terms by multiplying it by a factor obtained by dividing the export-weighted-average exchange rate for that country's currency for the current period by the export-weighted-average exchange rate for that currency in the base period. a/

(b) Aggregation

38. Once unit value indexes are obtained for all countries, with base year 1980 and in terms of United States dollars, they are then aggregated across countries according to regional and economic groups. For each of these groups the aggregate index published is a weighted average of indexes for all countries included in the group, with the weights being determined by the value of each country's exports of manufactured goods in the current period. That is, it is a Paasche-type index.

39. The index numbers for higher level groups are aggregated using the same principles. Consequently they are Paasche-type indexes also. In terms of actual calculations the relevant data for each subgroup are used to calculate the index numbers at the next level of aggregation.

(c) Conversion to SDR basis

40. The indexes for "Total", "Developed economies" and "Developing economies", aggregated in terms of United States dollars, are converted into SDRs by multiplying them by a factor obtained by dividing the current average SDR/$US dollar exchange rate by the average rate in 1980. 241

2. Quantum indexes

41. Prior to computing aggregated quantum indexes, the quantum indexes for each country in each period are derived from the country's value data and unit value indexes.

42. Once the quantum indexes are obtained for all countries, they are then aggregated across countries according to regional and economic groups. For

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each of these groups the aggregate index published is a weighted average of indexes for all countries included in the group, with the weights being determined by the value of each country's exports of manufactured goods in the base period. That is, it is a Laspeyres-type index.

43. The index numbers for the higher level groups are aggregated using the same principles. Consequently they are Laspeyres type indexes also. In terms of actual calculation the relevant data for each subgroup are used to calculate the index numbers at the next level of aggregation.

D. Reservations

44. Reservations regarding these series relate to (a) the limitations of index numbers in general; and (b) the nature of the particular series and methods which the Statistical Office uses to compile the indexes at the regional and world levels.

45. At the general level, the unit value index numbers relate to unit values calculated at the commodity level by dividing the total value of an (SITC) item by its respective quantity and not to price quotations for specific commodities. Thus, a change in the average unit value index does not necessarily signify that the fluctuation was due to a difference in price, but could well be attributable either to a shift in the quality of a product or to a change in the type of product exported, classified nevertheless under the same item number. In addition, current-weighted unit value indexes are directly comparable only between the base year and the current year, not from year to year unless chaining methods are used. While base-period-weighted quantum indexes are directly comparable from one year to the next and also between the base-year and the current year (all other things being equal), they will be materially influenced by the base year chosen.

46. As regards the nature of the series and the methods used, for indexes at the world and regional levels successive changes in many of the national series parameters, as reported in section A above, mean that all series are not strictly comparable year after year. Furthermore, in any one period, the series for each country are not, necessarily, comparable because of different methods of compiling the indexes. These differences are discussed in section B above and detailed in annex V. Additionally, a given national series may not be comparable over time.

47. The necessary procedure of expressing the unit value indexes in terms of United States dollars for the purposes of aggregation means that these indexes may reflect not only changes in unit value but also changes in the parity between national currencies and the United States dollar. Fluctuating exchange rates will also affect the unit value indexes by changing the share of each country's exports of manufactured goods in the total world exports of these products.

48. Once a period is dropped from publication in the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics, the indexes last published for that period are not revised. Annual data are kept in the tables for a sufficiently long period of time that virtually all revisions to the components entering into the calculation of these series would be incorporated. This also applies to the quarterly data

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for the developed economies. Since only three calendar quarters of data for the developing market economies are published at any one time, it is possible that there may be some revisions for quarters already dropped from the table. Such revisions would not be incorporated into the computations of the aggregate indexes and would not be published.

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II. FUEL IMPORTS

49. The Statistical Office compiles both unit value and quantum indexes for fuel imports (see annex II). The unit value indexes are estimates of the unit values of fuel imports by individual developed countries and groups of developed countries in any given period, relative to the unit values of those imports in a pre-determined (base) year. Similarly, the quantum indexes are estimates of the volume of fuel imports, by the same countries and group of countries, in any period, relative to the volume of those imports in the base period..

50. The indexes are based on data for all (25) developed countries. E/ In 1980, the imports of fuel by the countries included in these indexes accounted for approximately 76 per cent of world imports of fuel. Consequently, changes in these unit value indexes could be considered to represent approximate price movements for world imports of fuels. Similarly, changes in the corresponding quantum indexes could be considered to represent approximate movements in the physical volume of world imports of fuels.

51. The term "fuels" is defined to comprise all products included in section 3 of SITC. I/ These products are:- coal, coke and briquettes, petroleum, petroleum products and related materials, and gas and electric current.

52. The index numbers are compiled and published for "Developed economies" and subgroups thereof and for individual developed countries in each subgroup. a/

53. The unit value indexes for each country are obtained mainly from national sources. For countries that do not compile indexes for the overall category "Fuels" conforming to the above definition (see paragraph 51), but do compile index numbers for subcategories of fuels imports, then those sub-indexes are aggregated to approximate an index of SITC, section 3. For a few countries the Statistical Office computes the unit value index using those countries' published quantity and value figures for imports of fuel. Where unit value index numbers, or the national data necessary to compute them, are not available in any given period then estimates are made by the Statistical Office. The quantum indexes for each country are derived by the Statistical Office from a country's value data and unit value index numbers obtained in one of the above-mentioned ways.

54. The unit value indexes for country groups are calculated according to the Paasche formula as current-period-weighted averages of indexes for each of the countries included in the group. The quantum indexes for country groups are calculated according to the Laspeyres formula as base-period-weighted averages of indexes for each of the countries included in the group. The weights are determined by the value of fuel imports in United States dollars by each country in the group.

55. All the national index numbers are converted, where necessary, to United States dollar terms and rebased to 1980, which is the base year used by the Statistical Office for statistical purposes, in order to permit the calculation of the aggregate indexes for each regional grouping. This is

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necessary, since most countries compute their indexes for fuel imports on the basis of values expressed in terms of their own national currencies and with a base period which may or may not coincide with that of the Statistical Office.

56. Series are revised and published as a result of new data received for those periods and presented in the current issue of the Monthly Bulletin of . . Statxstics l 21

57, The indexes are published in the March, June, September and December issues of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics and in the International Trade Statistics Yearbook. 81

A. History

1. Coverage and veriodicitv

58. Unit value and quantum indexes for fuel imports were first published in the March 1980 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics, commencing with annual data for 1970 and quarterly data for 1978. 271 They covered the developed countries only. a/ All developed economies have been included in the aggregates for these indexes since their inception. Unit value indexes in terms of United States dollars and the quantum indexes were presented for the total of all the developed countries, for various regional and economic groupings and for some individual developed countries. a/ Unit value indexes in terms of national currency were also presented for some countries. 3Q/ Commencing with the December 1988 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics unit value indexes in terms of both United States dollars and national currency (where available) and quantum indexes were included for each individual country. Annual data commenced with 1980 (as well as for 1975) and quarterly data with 1987.

2. fhanaes in country classification

59. Series have been recalculated for past periods on a number of occasions to take account of changes in the classification of particular countries between the subgroups of Europe and between developed and developing countries. In 1981 Greece became a member of the European Economic Community (EEC). Prior to this it had been classified as part of "Other Europe". Annual series were calculated back to 1970 taking into account this change. The quarterly series incorporating this change began with 1982.

60. In 1985 Yugoslavia was reclassified by the Statistical Office as a developing country and so was excluded from the index number calculations. In 1986, Portugal and Spain joined the Community. Prior to this, Portugal had been a member of EFTA and Spain had been classified as part of "Other Europe". The annual series were recalculated back to 1980 and the quarterly series back to 1985, taking into account these reclassifications for Portugal, Spain and Yugoslavia.

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3. Base veal;

61. The series were initially published with base year 1975 = 100. This was subsequently changed to 1980 = 100. Annual series were computed back to 1970 and quarterly series back to 1982 after this change.

4. Changes in SITC

62. The term "fuels" for these series is defined to comprise section 3 of SITC. Since its inception in 1950, SITC has been revised in 1961 (SITC, Revised), 1975 (SITC, Revision 2) and most recently in 1986 (SITC, Revision 3). The indexes, as they are currently published in the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics are presented as far as is possible on the basis of data classified according to the SITC, Rev. 2, up to and including data for 1987. Beginning with data for 1988 the indexes are presented, as far as possible, on the basis of data classified according to the SITC, Rev. 3.

63. While the definition of "fuels" has remained as section 3, changes in the way commodities have been classified according to each new revision of the SITC have meant a somewhat different aggregation of commodities at the section level, as some commodities were formerly in sections other than section 3. Different countries compile their trade statistics according to different revisions of SITC and countries change the version of SITC used over time. 311 Consequently, for any given period the trade values and index numbers presented for each country may be based on slightly different definitions of the term "fuels" and the same situation may arise for different periods for the same country. While most developed countries currently employ SITC, Rev. 3, some report according to SITC, Revised, or SITC, Rev. 2.

64. Over time the shift from one version of SITC to another affects the aggregate indexes for the regional and economic groups in so far as the shift affects the proportion that each country's fuel imports represent of the total value of fuel imports of the countries included in the index calculations.


65. Since the index numbers for fuel imports were first published, there have been no changes in the methods used to derive the aggregate unit value and quantum indexes. The Paasche formula is used to derive all of the aggregate unit value indexes, with weights being determined by the value of fuel imports of each country or group in the current period. The Laspeyres formula is used to derive all the aggregate quantum indexes, with weights being determined by the value of fuel import& in the base'period. The weights used to derive the aggregate unit value indexes in 1987 are shown in table 2.

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Table 2. Weights used to derive aag . regate unzt value indexes

for fuels imvorts. 1987

(Percentages)

Region, country Weight Region, country Weight

Total 100 =

Developed economies America Canada United States

Europe EEC

Belgium-Luxembourg Denmark France Germany, F.R. Greece Ireland Italy Netherlands Portugal Spain United Kingdom

24.72 2.07

22.65

53.70 47.73

3.75 0.97 0.26

10.66 0.87 0.49 8.26 4.98 0.76 3.89 4.87

Europe (continued) EFTA

Austria Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Switzerland

Other Europe Malta

Other developed economies Australia Israel Japan New Zealand South Africa a/

a/ Weight based on estimated value of fuel imports.

5.93 1.15 1.30 0.06 0.58 1.76 1.09

0.04 21.58

0.64 0.50

19.17 0.23 1.03

B. Sources

66. The practices for collecting the data used as input in the calculation of the indexes for fuel imports are those detailed above in the chapter dealing with indexes for manufactured goods exports (paras. 27-34). s/

67. If a unit value index is not available for any particular country, or cannot be derived using the methods described in paragraph 28, for any period for which data are to be published, that index is estimated according to one of the following methods, depending on the extent of the information available at the time of estimation:

(a) Extrapolating the recent trend in the index number series, taking into account where possible any impact of current world economic and political conditions on the international trade situation;

(b) Using either the change in price, or the change in the unit value, of a major component of the index as a factor to apply to the index as a whole, which had been established in official or estimated form in the previous period. Crude petroleum prices are usually used since up-to-date

-15-

information is readily available. The implicit assumptions here are that changes in the price or unit value of the component product are representative of changes in the unit values of all commodities that would comprise the total index, and/or that the commodity considered would carry sufficient weight in the total index that movements in the unit values of unrepresented commodities would have no significant effect on the total index.

68. A detailed list of the sources of the basic value data, unit value and hence quantum index data, a brief description, where necessary, of the data and of the method used by the Statistical Office to compute national unit value indexes, an indication of the types of national indexes, the base year currently used and the commodity classification applying for each country are contained in annex VI.

. C. Calculation of aggreaate indexes

69. The principles adopted for compiling the aggregate unit value indexes for fuel imports, for calculating the quantum indexes for individual countries and compiling the aggregate quantum indexes are exactly those detailed in section 1.4 in the chapter dealing with indexes for manufactured goods exports and in chapter V. The relationship between annual and quarterly data is as described in paragraph 34.

70. Unit value indexes in terms of SDRs are not calculated for fuel imports.

D. Reservations

71. Reservations regarding these series are the same as those described for the indexes for manufactured goods exports, as set out in paragraphs 44-48 above.

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III. TOTAL EXPORTS AND IMPORTS

72. The Statistical Office compiles unit value, quantum and terms of trade indexes for total exports and imports (see annex III). The unit value indexes are-estimates of the unit values of total exports or imports from groups of countries in any given period, relative to the unit values of those exports or imports in a pre-determined (base) year. Similarly, the quantum indexes are estimates of the volume of total exports or imports, by the same groups of countries, in any period, relative to the volume of those exports or imports in the base period. The terms-of-trade indexes are estimates of the extent to which prices received for exports by a given group of countries exceed or fall short of those paid for imports by the same countries in any period relative to those in the base period. They can be viewed as indexes of the purchasing power (in units of imports) of a fixed quantity of exports.

73. The indexes for exports are based on data for all (25) developed countries and for 62 developing countries. JJ/ The indexes for imports are based on data for all (25) developed countries and for 30 developing countries. 341 In 1980, the exports by the countries included in the indexes for "Total" accounted for approximately 89 per cent of world exports and approximately 80 per cent of world imports. Consequently, changes in these unit value indexes could be considered to represent approximate price movements for world exports or imports. Similarly, changes in the corresponding quantum indexes could be considered to represent approximate movements in the physical volume of world exports or imports.

74. Exports and imports are defined to comprise all sections (1 through 9) of SITC: 51 that is, all merchandise trade.

75. Unit value and quantum index numbers for exports are published for "Total", "Developed economies", "Developing economies" and for subgroups of the latter two groups. Unit value and quantum index numbers for imports are published for the same groups and subgroups except that there is only one subgroup under "Developing economies". Terms-of-trade indexes are presented for "Developed economies" and subgroups thereof and for "Developing economies" and one subgroup thereof. s/

76. The unit value indexes for both exports and imports of developed countries are, with the exception of Portugal, obtained from national sources. For Portugal, indexes are computed by the Statistical Office using that country's published quantity and value figures for exports and imports. The unit value indexes for exports of developing countries are either collected from national sources or constructed by the Statistical Office from a country's published quantity and value figures or from indexes of individual commodities exported by particular countries published by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The unit value indexes for imports of developing countries are not collected on an individual country basis, except those for Yugoslavia, which are obtained from national sources. 361 (see para. 78 below). Where unit value index numbers, or the data necessary to compute them, are not available in any given period, estimates are made by the Statistical Office.

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77. The quantum indexes for each country included in the indexes for both exports and imports of developed market economies are derived by the Statistical Office from each country's value data and unit value index numbers obtained in one of the above-mentioned ways. The quantum indexes for exports of each of the developing countries are derived in the same way as those for developed countries. The quantum indexes for imports of developing countries are not calculated on an individual country basis (see para. 79 below) with the exception of Yugoslavia. Those for Yugoslavia are derived from the country's value data and unit value index numbers.

78. The unit value indexes of exports and imports for groups of the developed countries are calculated according to the Paasche formula as current-period-weighted averages of indexes for each of the countries included in the group. The unit value indexes for exports of groups of the developing countries are also calculated in this way. The unit value index of imports for the developing countries is also constructed according to the Paasche formula as a current-period-weighted average of regional indexes estimated by the IMF from those for the countries listed above in footnote 34 and supplemented by the nationally supplied series for Yugoslavia. X/

79. The quantum indexes for exports and imports for groups of the developed countries and exports of groups of the developing countries are calculated according to the Laspeyres formula as base-period-weighted averages of indexes for each of the countries included in the group. The quantum index for imports of all developing countries is derived by the Statistical Office from the calculated aggregate unit value index and value data for the group as a whole. It is a base-period-weighted Laspeyres-type index.

80. The weights for the calculations of the aggregate unit value and quantum indexes are determined by the value of exports or imports in United States dollars of each country in the group, or in the case of imports of the developing countries, by the value of imports in United States dollars of each region in the group.

81. All the national index numbers are converted, where necessary, to United States dollar terms and rebased to 1980, which is the base year used by the Statistical Office for statistical purposes, in order to permit the calculation of the aggregate indexes for each regional grouping. This is necessary since most countries compute their indexes for total exports and imports on the basis of values expressed in terms of their own national currencies and with a base period which may or may not coincide with that of the Statistical Office.

82. The terms of trade indexes are calculated by dividing the export unit value indexes by the corresponding import unit value indexes (and multiplying by 100).

83. Series are revised and published as a result of new data received for those periods and presented in the current issue of the Monthly Bulletin of

21 Ststistics.

84. The indexes are published in the January, April, July and October issues of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics and in the Statistical 71 and the International Trade Statistics Yearbook. 81

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A. Historv

1. Coverage and weriodicitv

85. Unit value and quantum indexes for exports were first published in the November 1949 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics commencing with annual data for the year 1937 and quarterly data for 1948. Unit value and quantum indexes for imports were introduced in the July 1959 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics commencing with annual data for the year 1950 and quarterly data for 1957. The terms of trade series were introduced at the same time as the import indexes and data published for the same time periods.

86. The country coverage for the index number calculations has increased since the indexes were first published and now corresponds to that described in footnotes 33 and 34.

2. Chancres in country classification

87. Index numbers for total exports and imports have been published for various geographic and economic regional groupings during certain periods, reflecting world political and economic developments. For example, indexes formerly were calculated for country groups classified as "Sterling", "Non-sterling", "Dollar" and "Non-dollar" areas, and "Europe" has been defined as "Continental Western Europe" or "Northern Europe" and "Southern Europe". The series have been recalculated for past periods on many occasions to take account of changes in the classification of particular countries between the various groups or after the introduction of a new grouping. At any time countries were re-grouped there have been at least six years of consecutive annual data, and two years of quarterly data, published to facilitate comparison of the regional indexes.

88. The indexes for the current groupings were first published in the January 1973 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics. Since then there have been a number of changes in the classification of countries between the subgroups of Europe and between developed and developing countries.

89. In 1973, Denmark, Ireland and the United Kingdom became members of the European Economic Community (EEC). Prior to this, Denmark and the United Kingdom were members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and Ireland was classified as part of "Other Europe". Consecutive annual data beginning with 1960 and quarterly data beginning with 1970 were recalculated incorporating these changes.

90. In 1981, Greece became a member of the EEC. Prior to this it had been classified as part of "Other Europe". Annual series were recalculated back to 1975 (as well as for the years 1960, 1965 and 1970) taking into account this change. The quarterly series incorporating this change began with 1980.

91. In 1985, Yugoslavia was reclassified by the Statistical Office as a developing country and so was excluded from the index number calculations for the developed economies, and subgroups thereof, and included with those calculations for the developing economies and subgroups thereof. In 1986 Portugal and Spain joined the EEC. Prior to this Portugal had been a member

-19-

of EFTA and Spain had been classified as part of "Other Europe". Annual series were calculated back to 1977 (as well as for the years 1960, 1965, 1970 and 1975) and the quarterly series back to 1983 taking into account these reclassifications for Portugal, Spain and Yugoslavia.

3. Base Year

92. The series were initially published with base year 1937 = 100. Since then, the years 1948, 1952, 1958, 1963, 1970, 1975 and 1980 have all been used as base periods. At each time of change in the base year, approximately 10 years of annual data and at least two years of quarterly data were recalculated.

4. Changes in SITC

93. The term "total" exports and imports for these series is defined to comprise all sections (1 through 9) of SITC. Since its inception in 1950, SITC has been revised in 1961 (SITC, Revised), 1975 (SITC, Revision 2) and most recently in 1986 (SITC, Revision 3). The indexes, as they are currently published in the Monthlv Bulletin of Statistics are presented as far as possible on the basis of data classified according to SITC, Rev.2 up to and including data for 1987. Beginning with data for 1988 the indexes are presented, as far as possible, on the basis of data classified according to SITC, Rev.3.

94. Changes in SITC have an effect on measures of total merchandise exports and imports in so far as non-monetary gold is included as part of merchandise trade in SITC, Rev.2 and 3, whereas it was not considered to be part of that trade in the original SITC and in SITC, Revised. Consequently, the measurement of total exports and imports for any country in any period may differ by the amount of non-monetary gold traded depending on which version of SITC is used. Different countries compile their trade statistics according to different revisions of SITC, and countries change the version of SITC use over time. x/ Consequently, for any given period the index numbers for each country may be based on a slightly different definition of the term "merchandise" and the same situation may arise for different periods for the same country. While most developed countries currently employ SITC, Rev.3, some report according to the SITC, Revised, or SITC, Rev.2. Most developing countries use either SITC, Revised, or SITC Rev.2, or a national classification.

95. Over time the shift from one version of SITC to another affects the aggregate indexes for the regional and economic groups in so far as the shift affects the proportion that each country's exports or imports represent of the total value of exports or imports of the countries included in the index calculations.

-2o-


96. Since the index numbers for total exports and imports were first published, the Paasche formula has been used to derive the aggregate unit value indexes (except initially, for the aggregate "Total", for exports only), with weights being determined by the value of total exports and imports of each country or group in the current period. The Laspeyres formula has been used to derive all the aggregate quantum indexes, with weights being determined by the value of total exports and imports in the base period. The export unit value index for the aggregate "Total" was initially derived from the value data and quantum indexes. This practice was subsequently discontinued in favour of using the.same method as for the other aggregate unit value indexes, namely the Paasche formula, with weights being determined by the value of total exports of each country in the aggregate in the current period.

97. The weights used to derive the aggregate unit value indexes for exports and imports in 1987 are shown in table 3.

Table 3. Weights used to derive aggregate unit value indexes for total exports and imports in 1987

(Percentages)

Continent, region Exports Imports

Total 100.0 100.0

Developed economies 77.8 79.2

North America Europe

EEC EFTA

Africa Asia Oceania

15.5 22.0 49.6 48.2 42.4 41.0

7.1 7.2 0.6 0.6

10.6 6.9 1.5 1.5

Developing economies 22.2 20.8

Africa 2.4 Asia 15.1

Asia Middle East 3.9 ( 20.0 Other Asia 11.2

America 4.3 Europe 0.5 0.8

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B. Sources of data

98. The practices for collecting the data and preparing estimates used as input in the calculation of the indexes for both exports and imports of the developed countries and for exports of the developing countries are those detailed above in the chapter dealing with indexes for manufactured goods exports (paras. 27-35). B/ The practices for imports of the developing market economies are set out in paragraph 100 below.

99. For countries for which only annual index number data are available, estimates of the corresponding-quarterly indexes are made by the Statistical Office on the basis of the trends in the available quarterly indexes for other countries in the region.

100. For the unit value index of imports of developing countries, regional estimates made by IMF Z/ are used, supplemented by the nationally supplied series for Yugoslavia.. The quantum index is derived by the Statistical Office from the calculated aggregate unit value index and value data for the group as a whole.

101. A detailed list of the sources of the basic value data, unit value and hence quantum index data, a brief description, where necessary, of the data and of the method used by the Statistical Office to compute national unit value indexes, an indication of the types of national indexes, the base year currently used and the commodity classification applying for each country are contained in annex VII.

C. Calculation of aaaregate indexes

102. The principles adopted for compiling the aggregate unit value indexes for the exports and imports of the developed countries and those for the exports of the developing countries and for calculating and aggregating the corresponding quantum indexes are exactly those detailed in paragraphs 36-43 in the chapter dealing with indexes for manufactured goods exports, and in chapter V. The relationship between the annual and quarterly data is as described in paragraph 34.

103. The aggregate unit value index for imports of the developing countries is calculated as a Paasche-type current-weighted average of the indexes compiled by IMF for Africa, Asia, the Middle East and the western hemisphere plus the nationally supplied index for Yugoslavia. The weights are determined by the current value of imports, in United States dollars, for each region included in the aggregate index. .The aggregate quantum index for imports of the developing countries is derived from the aggregate value of imports and the aggregate unit value index in the same manner as described in paragraphs 41-43. It is a Laspeyres-type base-period-weighted index.

104. Unit value indexes in terms of SDRs are not calculated for total exports and imports.

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Terms-of-trade indexes

105. Indexes for the terms of trade are calculated as the ratio of the aggregate unit value index of exports and the aggregate unit value index of imports (multiplied by 100) for each economic and geographic subregion for which the indexes are calculated.

D. Reservations

106..Reservations regarding these series are the same as those described for the indexes for manufactured goods exports as set out in paragraphs 44-48 above. Additionally, unit value ,indexes for imports of the developing countries are based on regional aggregates compiled by IMF. The methods of computation of these aggregates may differ from the aggregation methods employed by the Statistical Office. Moreover, the country composition of each area is as defined by IMF. The definitions differ slightly from those employed by the Statistical Office.

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IV. EXPORT PRICE INDEX OF MACHINERY AND TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT

107. The Statistical Office compiles export price indexes for machinery and transport equipment (see annex IV). They are estimates of the price of exports of machinery and transport equipment from individual countries and the aggregate of those countries in any given period, relative to the price of those exports in a predetermined (base) year.

108. The indexes are based on data for four developed countries. fl/ In 1980, the exports of machinery and transport equipment by the countries included in the indexes accounted for approximately 50 per cent of world exports of machinery and transport equipment and between 50 and 60 per cent of the world exports of each of the categories of machinery and transport equipment for which indexes are published by the Statistical Office.

109. The term machinery and transport equipment and the subcategories for which indexes are calculated are defined to comprise all products included in section 7 of SITC, Revised. 31 It includes the section, all the divisions and selected groups of section 7 as follows:

SITC No.

7

71

711

712

715

717

718

719

72

722

724

725

729 Other electrical machinery and apparatus

73

732

Section, division or arouv heading

Machinery and transport equipment

Machinery other than.electric

Power generating machinery, other than electric

Agricultural machinery and implements

Metal working machinery

Textile and leather machinery

Machines for special industries

Machinery and appliances (other than electrical) and machine parts, n.e.s.

Electrical machinery, apparatus and appliances

Electric power machinery and switchgear

Telecommunications apparatus

Domestic. electrical equipment

Transport equipment

Road motor vehicles

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110. Index numbers are compiled and published for total machinery and transport equipment and each of the divisions and groups of machinery and transport equipment listed in paragraph 109 above, and within each category for each individual country, as available.

111. The price indexes for each country are obtained from national sources. For countries that do not compile indexes for the overall section of machinery and transport equipment or for any specified subcategory conforming to the above definitions (see para. log), but do compile index numbers for more detailed commodity categories, the available sub-indexes are aggregated to approximate an index of the SITC group, for those countries.

112. The price indexes for the SITC section, division and relevant group levels are calculated according to the Laspeyres formula as base-period-weighted averages of the indexes for each of the countries included in the group, division or section. The weights are determined by the value, in United States dollars, of exports of the group, division or section, by each country in the group, division or section.

113. All the national index numbers are converted, where necessary, to United States dollar terms and rebased so that 1980 = 100, which is the base year used by the Statistical Office for statistical purposes, in order to permit the calculation of the aggregate indexes for each commodity category. This is necessary, since most countries compute their indexes for machinery and transport equipment exports on the basis of values expressed in terms of their own national currencies and with a base period which may or may not coincide with that of the Statistical Office.

114. All series are revised and published as a result of new data received for those periods published in the current issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics. 21

115. The indexes are published in the February, May, August and November issues of the Honthlv Bulletin of Statistics and in the Statistical Yearbook 11 and the International Trade Statistics Yearbook. 81

A. aistorv

1. Coverage and periodicitv

116. Indexes for export prices of machinery and transport equipment were first published in the March 1979 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics commencing with annual data for the year 1970 and quarterly data for 1976.

117. Five countries were initially included in calculations of the aggregate indexes, namely, Federal Republic of Germany, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden and the United States. Commencing with the November 1987 issue of the Monthly Bulletin of Statistics, the coverage was reduced to four countries, as the Netherlands was deleted owing to non-availability of the required data. The annual series commenced with data for 1975 and the quarterly with data for 1985. Studies are now being conducted on the possibility of increasing the number of countries .included in the calculations.

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2. Chancres in country classification

118. The issue is not applicable to these indexes, as regional aggregations of

countries are not prepared.

3. Base vear

119. The series were initially published with the base year 1975 = 100. This was subsequently changed to 1980 = 100. Annual series were computed back to 1978 and quarterly series back to 1985 after this change.

4. Chanaes in SITC

120. The term "Machinery and transport" equipment for these series is defined to comprise section 7 of SITC, Revised. Since its inception in 1950, SITC has been revised in 1961 (SITC, Revised), 1975 (SITC, Revision 2) and most recently in 1986 (SITC, Revision 3). The indexes, as they are currently published in the Monthlv Bulletin of Statistics are presented as far as possible on the basis of data classified according to SITC, Revised. Any national series provided on other than a SITC, Revised, basis is re-aggregated to a SITC, Revised, basis as far as possible.

121. While the definition of 1( Machinery and transport equipment" has remained as section 7, changes in the way commodities have been classified according to each new revision of SITC have meant a somewhat different aggregation at the section, division and group levels, as some commodities werefformerly in other sections, divisions or groups. Different countries compile their trade statistics according to different ,revisions of SITC and countries change the version of the SITC used over time. a/ While the Federal Republic of Germany, Japan and Sweden employ SITC, Rev.3, the United States employs the SITC, Rev.2. Consequently, for any given period the trade values and index numbers presented for each country may be based on slightly different definitions of machinery and transport equipment and the same situation may arise for different periods for a given country.

122. Over time the shift from one version of SITC to another affects the country indexes to the extent that conversion of index data from a later SITC revision to SITC, Revised, may not be exact. It can also affect the aggregate indexes in so far as the conversion of value data from a later SITC revision to the SITC, Revised, may affect the proportion that each country's machinery and transport equipment exports represent of the total value of machinery and transport equipment exports by the countries included in the index calculations.


123. The Laspeyres formula is used to derive all of the aggregate price indexes, with weights being determined by the value of machinery and transport equipment exports of each.country in the base period. The weights are shown in table 4.

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Table 4. Weights used to derive aggregate price indexes for machinery and transport equipment exports

(Percentages)

Weight for

SITC, Revised, code

Federal Republic of

Germany Japan Sweden USA

711

712

Power generating machinery 29.2 18.2 0 52.6

Agricultural machinery and implements 31.3 15.7 0

0

53.0

715 Metal working machinery 52.2 28.6 19.2

717 Textile and leather machinery 56.5 28.4 0 15.1

718 Machinery for special industries 34.4 14.2 0 51.4

719 Machinery, appliances and machine parts n.e.s. 45.3 20.1 0 34.6

722 Electrical power machinery and switchgear 45.3 27.8 28.7

724 Telecommunications apparatus 22.3 51.1

31.3

0

7.0

0

19.5

725 Domestic electrical equipment 45.8 22.9

729 Other electrical machinery and apparatus 27.0 24.8 0 48.2

732 Road motor vehicles 36.4 38.9 4.8 19.8

71 Machinery, other than electric 36.0 18.2 5.5 40.3

72 Electrical machinery and apparatus/appliances

73

7

Transport equipment

Machinery and transport equipment

29.9

31.7

33.5

32.9

34.9

4.7

4.3

32.5

27.7 4.0

29.0

34.0

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B. Sources of data

1. Price indexes

(a) Indexes comoiled bv national authorities

124. Relevant index numbers are extracted from national publications once their SITC coverage has been verified. Sweden prepares a special compilation of series at the two and three digit SITC level and provides it to the Statistical Office. All the countries included in the index number calculations compile their national indexes for machinery and transport equipment exports on the basis of the Laspeyres formula.

(b) Indexes comouted by the Statistical Office of the United Nations Secretariat

125. Where indexes are not compiled nationally for the required SITC categories they are computed by the Statistical Office by aggregating national published sub-indexes, which together constitute all, or nearly all, of a country's exports of machinery and transport equipment at the group level (3 digit)-, using-fixed base-period weights based on the value of exports of the categories of goods covered by the sub-indexes. Sweden and the United States supply indexes at the 3-digit level. For Japan and the Federal Republic of Germany, some series at the 3-digit SITC level are computed as weighted averages of indexes at the 4-digit level, with the weights being determined by the value of exports, in national currency, of each 4-digit commodity in the base year. For Sweden and the Federal Republic of Germany, 2-digit SITC series are available in national currency on the national base year. They are rebased to the year 1980 and converted into United States dollar terms as described in paragraph 131 below. In the case of Japan and the United States the 2-digit series are calculated as weighted averages of the 3-digit series with the weights being determined by the value of exports, in United States dollars, of each 3-digit SITC commodity in the base year.

2. Values of trade

126. The values of trade used in the index compilations are of two kinds. The first, in United States dollars, are used as weights to calculate the aggregate indexes for all machinery and transport equipment (the section) and at the division and group levels, as well as indexes at the 2-digit SITC level for Japan and the United States. For the countries included in the index number calculations, these values are supplied directly to the Statistical Office by the national statistical offices. The figures, expressed in terms of national currency, are converted into United States dollars using the same current conversion factors as those used to derive the indexes in terms of United States dollars discussed in paragraph 131. These values are published in the Commodity Trade Statistics fascicles 211 and maintained in the computerized commodity trade statistics database, COMTRADE, of the Statistical Office.

127. The second values, in national currencies, are used to weight indexes for individual commodities or groups of commodities in order to construct proxy indexes for a country's exports of machinery and equipment at the group level

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as described in paragraph 125. These weights are derived from the weights published in the national publications.

3. Quantum indexes

128. Corresponding quantum indexes are not compiled for the exports of machinery and transport equipment.

4. Annual and auarterlv indexes

129. Annual series at the 3-digit SITC level on a United States dollar basis, with base year 1980, are calculated as the simple average of the relevant quarterly figures. This process is also used when national annual series are available.

5. Sources and detailed information

130. A detailed list of the sources of the basic price index data, a brief description, where necessary, of the data and of the method used by the Statistical Office to compute national price indexes, an indication of the types of national indexes, the base year currently used and the commodity classification applying for each country are contained in annex VIII.

C. Calculation of aggregate indexes

1. .Unit value indexes

(a) Rebasing and conversion to United States dollar basis

131. Once series at the 3-digit SITC level have been established for each country, they are "rebased", where necessary, to the year 1980 by dividing the value of the index in the current period by the annual value of the index in 1980 and multiplying by 100. Each national index is then converted into United States dollar terms by multiplying it by a factor obtained by dividing the simple average exchange rate for that country's currency for the current period by the simple exchange rate for that currency in the base period. 421

(b) Augregation

132. Once price indexes are obtained for all countries, with base year 1980 and in terms of United States dollars at the 3-digit SITC level, they are then aggregated across countries for each j-digit commodity classification. For each of these commodity groups, the aggregate indexes published are weighted averages of indexes for all countries included in the group, with the weights being determined by the value of each country's exports of the 3-digit SITC commodity group in the base year. That is, they are Laspeyres-type indexes. The weights are shown in table 4.

133. The index numbers for higher-level divisions (the 2-digit SITC level) are aggregated using the same principles. Consequently, they are Laspeyres-type

-29--

indexes also. At the 2-digit level, for each of these commodity groups, the aggregate indexes published are weighted averages of indexes for all countries included in the group, with the weights again being determined by the value of each country's exports of the two digit SITC commodity division in the base year. These weights are also shown in table 4.

134. At the l-digit level, that is for all machinery and transport equipment, SITC,section 7, the indexes for each country are calculated as weighted averages of the two digit series, with the weights being determined by the value of exports of each two digit SITC commodity in the base year. The overall aggregate index for machinery and equipment for all the countries is the weighted average of the indexes for each of the countries included in the group, with the weights being determined by the value of each country's exports of SITC, section 7, in the base year. Again these weights are shown ' in table 4.

D. Reservation6

135. Reservations regarding these series relate to (a) the limitations of index numbers in general and (b) the nature of the particular series and methods which the Statistical Office uses to compile the aggregate indexes.

136. At the general level, while base-period weighted indexes are directly comparable from one year to the next and also between the base year and the current year (all other things being equal), they will be materially influenced by the base year chosen.

137. As regards the nature of the series and the methods used, for the aggregate indexes, changes in some of the series parameters, as reported in paragraphs 116-122 above, mean that all series are not strictly comparable year after year. Furthermore, in any one period, the series for each country are not, necessarily, comparable because of different methods of compiling the indexes. These differences are discussed in paragraphs 122-130 above and detailed in annex VIII. Also, a given national series may not be comparable over time.

138. The necessary procedure of expressing the price indexes in terms of United States dollars for the purposes of aggregation means that these indexes may reflect not only changes in prices but also changes in the parity between national currencies and the United States dollar. Fluctuating exchange rates will also affect the price indexes by changing the share of each country's exports of machinery and transport equipment in the total world exports of these products.

139. Once a period is dropped.from publication in the Monthlv Bulletin of Statistics those indexes last published for that period are not revised. However, d;ta are kept in the tables for a sufficiently long period of time that virtually all revisions to the components entering into the calculation of these series would be incorporated. Nevertheless, it is possible that there may be some revisions for quarters already dropped from the table. Such revisions would not be incorporated into the computations of the aggregate indexes and would not be published.

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V. CALCULATION OF AGGREGATE INDEXES: THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES AND DESCRIPTION OF ACTUAL CALCULATIONS

. A. Theoretica 1 basis

1. Index-numbers for individual commodities

140. The value (vnt ) of a commodity (n) in period (t) can be expressed as

(1) Vnt = pntqnt t

where (pnt) is price and (qnt) is quantity.

141. The value index (vi,), which reflects the change in the value of commodity (n) from one period to another, is defined as the ratio of the value of this commodity in a given (or current) period (vnt) to its value in a reference (or base) period (vno), so that

V (2) v&=--m4 .

V I)0

142. The value index can be represented as the product of the price index (pi,) and the quantum index (qin)., Taking into account that these indexes are given by the expressions

P (3) P& - 9 qnt and qill = - ,

no Go

where pnt and qnt are "current period" price and quantity and pno and qno are "base period" price and quantity we obtain

(4) vi, = Pneqnt RuYQ,,

o Pi, * qi, .

2. Index-numbers for arouvs of commodities

143. The value of a group of commodities (V) in any period (t) is given by formula

-31-1

144. Consequently,-the value index (VI), which reflects the change in the value of a commodity group between the base period and the current period, is equal to

(6) VI 5 .

145. The value index of a commodity group cannot however be split into its price (PI) and quantum (QI) index components in such a straightforward manner as can be done in the case of an individual commodity. Different ways have been proposed to solve this problem in order to satisfactorily calculate these component indexes. The most common practice is based on the following definitions.

Price indexes

146. The price index of a commodity group is a measure of the change in its value, which may be solely attributed to fluctuations in the prices of the individual commodities.

147. Very often a price index is specified as a ratio of the value of a commodity group in a current period to its value in a base period provided that the quantities of all its components are fixed. The price index is known as the Laspeyres-type index (PIL),if the quantities of the commodities which constitute this group are taken at their base-period levels. If the quantities used in the index are equal to their current levels, the price index is a Paasche-type index (PIP). Symboiically these indexes are represented by the formulae (7) and (8):

(7) pIL = C&G *

c Pnoq),

(8) pzp = C .

c PIlo% t

148. The price index of the Laspeyres type'can be expressed as the simple (arithmetic)-weighted average of the price indexes for individual commodities, with the weight of each commodity (wno ) being determined by the ratio of its value to the total value of the commodity group, measured in base period prices:

(9) wno = PnoQno

c Pnoqno l

149. Since the price of any individual commodity (n) in the current period (pnt) is equal to its price in the base period multiplied by the price index (Pin x pno) we may rewrite the Laspeyres-type index as

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(10) PIL 0 ~RntGo c Pnq 4no

= =: c pi, Pnoqno

c Pno Qno

(11) PIL - Cpinwm- .

150. The Paasche-type price index is also a weighted average of the individual price indexes but: (a) it is a harmonic average and (b) the weights (writ) are determined by ratio of the values of the individual commodities to the total value of the group measured in current period prices. That is

Rltqnt (12) Writ = c . h&at 151. Since for any commodity,its base period price (pn,) can be expressed as pnt/pin we may modify formulae (8) in the following way:

(13) p*p,CBnt&c,u, 1

c PnoQnt c

Pntalt c

Pntqnt

Rin Pine PntQnt or

(14) PIP = lw .

c 2

152. Another indication of price changes is Fisher's "ideal" index (PIF) which is defined as a geometric mean of the price indexes calculated according to both the Laspeyres and Paasche-type foiulae:

(15) PIF - m

Puantum indexes

153. The quantum index of a commodity group is a measure of the change in its value, which may be solely attributed to variations in the quantities of the individual commodities.

154. It is a common practice to treat the quantum index as the ratio of the vaiue of a commodity group in a current period to its value in a base period, provided that prices of the individual commodities are fixed. If prices are fixed at the base period levels, the quantum index is called the Laspeyres-type index (QIL). It is known as the Paasche-type index (QIP) if prices are fixed at their current levels. The corresponding formulae are given below:

-33-

(16) QIL I a ,

c Pndzno

(17) QIP o a ,

c Rdw

155. Using the same approach as in the case of the price can be expressed as weighted averages of quantum indexes commodities:

(18)

indexes, QIL and QIP of individual

QIL 5 C = C = C Pnoq*O c c c

qi n

%Q*o PnoQno PlwCrnd

or

(19) QIL = c ai,w,,

and

(20) QIP = c Pn&Lt

c PJltQno = c Pntqnt

c P&&t gin = 1

c PntGt

c P,t%d&

(21) QIP 1 s::. c

W nt

4i,

156. The Fisher-type quantum index (QIF) is the geometric mean of the quantum indexes calculated using both the Laspeyres and Paasche formulae:

(22) QI'F = 4-P = pdht * CPld?nt

~PnoQno. CPnt& .

3. InterdePendence

157. Since both price and quantum indexes can be obtained in different ways, the problem of choice of the most appropriate formulae should be addressed. A number of factors may influence the final decision, but whatever indexes are chosen they are normally required to satisfy the interdependence test: just as the product of the price and quantity indexes for an individual commodity results in a value index, index numbers representative of the price and

-34-

quantity changes in the commodity group, when multiplied together, should result in the index of the value of this commodity group:

(23) VI = PI * QI m

158. Considering only those types of index numbers which are described above, there are three combinations of the price and quantum indexes that satisfy this test:

(a) If it is decided to use the Laspeyres-type index for measurement of the changes in prices, then according to the rule of interdependence the quantum index must be of the Paasche-type. Indeed

c RI&t (24)

JI- = )3 = ‘cp,c&c,pIp . p=L c P&&l CPnt9no

c &&&7

(b) When the Paasche-type formula is chosen for the price index then, for the same reason, the quantum index must be of the Laspeyres-type:

PntQnt c

(25) x = C = CP,~q~t-*~L ,

PIP c P*&t ~Pn&,

c Pn&t

(c) Application of the Fisher-type price index implies that the quantum index is also a Fisher-type since

(26) -35 = lfzn-, (27)

4

c Pnoalt *a = *IF ,

c PnoQno Pnt%o c

B. Practical considerations

159. Calculation of index numbers for broad commodity groups in strict accordance with the principles stated above encounters many serious obstacles: for example, lack of relevant information and the cost of processing all of the necessary data. As a consequence several modifications to the standard approach are adopted. The most common among them are: (a) calculation of unit value indexes: and (b) calculation of approximated price indexes.

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160. Unit value (Wit) of a commodity group (i) in period (t) is defined as the result of dividing of its value (Vit ) by its aggregated quantity (Qit):

Vi& (28) W;, - - , at where

(29) at- c cr,t l

161. It is obvious that unit values could be obtained only if all commodities in the group are measured by means of the same quantity unit (ton, litre etc.).

162. If unit values and quantities are known, the value of a commodity group can be expressed as

(30) vi, = Wit*Qit 9

163. The unit value index (WI) for any commodity group (n) is defined as ratio of the unit value in current period (W,) to the unit value in the base period (W,):

wit (31) WI1 = - . W,

164. As in the case with the price indexes, unit value indexes could be aggregated to reflect the change in value of the commodity groups which occur due to price fluctuations. The Paasche (WIP) or Laspeyres (WIL) indexes are most commonly employed for this purpose. Their formulae can be written as follows:

(32) WIp = w tat c c w Q lo it

and

(33) mqx# = pbQl0 .

c w, Go

where Wit and Qit represent unit values and quantities of the particular commodity groups in a current period and Wio and Qio represent their unit values and quantities in a base period.

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165. The Laspeyres-type unit value index may be calculated as a simple weighted average, and the Paasche-type unit value index as a harmonic weighted average, of the unit value indexes of the more detailed commodity groups with weights determined by values in the base and current periods respectively.

166. The unit value approach is adopted by the Statistical Office as an approximation of the price movements in exports of the manufactured goods, fuel imports as well as in total exports and imports. On the other hand, price indexes for several individual commodities are used to derive estimates of the price movement of exports of primary commodities, non-ferrous base metals and machinery and transport equipment.

2. Quantum indexes

167. The quantum index for broad commodity groups can be obtained as a weighted average of the quantum indexes for the individual commodity groups according to either the Laspeyres or Paasche-type formulae, or can be derived from the value indexes and relevant unit value indexes.

3. Interdevendence

168. The rule of interdependence also applies in the case of the unit value indexes and quantum indexes.

4. Apwroximated Price indexes

169. These price indexes are obtained on the basis of partial information, when prices and quantities of only a limited number of commodities from a commodity group enter into the calculation. Care should be taken in such cases in order to ensure that the most representative commodities are included and their values constitute a significant share of the total value of the commodity group.

170. The principles set out above are applied in the calculation of the aggregate indexes from individual national indexes and in the computation of proxy indexes for individual countries.

C. Actual calculations

1. Index numbers for total and manufactured goods exvorts and total and fuel imworts

Unit values

Rebasina and conversion to United States dollar basis

171. All national indexes entering into these calculations are "rebased", where necessary, to the year 1980 by dividing the value of the index in the current period by the annual value of the index in 1980 and multiplying by 100. Each national index is then converted into United States dollar terms by

-37-

multiplying it by a factor obtained by dividing the trade weighted-average exchange rate for that country's currency for the current period by the trade weighted-average exchange rate for that currency in the base period. fi/ In the cases of indexes for total exports and manufactured goods exports, export-weighted average exchange rates are used. Import-weighted average exchange rates are used in the cases of total imports and fuel imports.

Agareaation

172. Once unit value indexes are obtained for all countries with base year 1980 and in terms of United States dollars, they are then aggregated across countries according to regional and economic groups. For each of these groups the aggregate index published is a harmonic-weighted average of the indexes for all countries included in the group, with the weights being determined by the value of each country's trade in the current period. That is, it is a Paasche-type index.

173. For each country (c) in the group, in each period (t), the current value of trade (Vet) is divided by the corresponding unit value index (WI,). The values thereby obtained (current period trade in terms of base period prices), which we denote V,. (o), are aggregated over all countries in the group. The current values of trade are also aggregated over all countries in the group. This latter aggregate is divided by the former (and later multiplied by 100) to obtain the average unit value index (AWI) for the group of countries:

(34) .,=cvc,, .

c V

* c VC, (0)

174. This index is the Paasche-type index since it may be rewritten as

(35) AWI = 1 1 = .

c V et

c Wet

c V,tWI, WI,

where wet are the weights given by each country's share in the total trade in the current period (see formulae (13) and (14)).

175. The index numbers for groups at higher levels of classification are aggregated using the same principles. Consequently they are Paasche-type indexes also. 441 In te,rms of actual calculations the relevant data for each sub-group are added and used to calculate the index numbers at the next level of aggregation.

Conversion to SDR basis

176. The indexes for manufactured goods exports shown under the headings "Total", "Developed economies" and "Developing economies", aggregated in terms of United States dollars, are converted into SDRs by multiplying them by a factor obtained by dividing the current average SDR/US dollar exchange rate by the average rate in 1980. s/

-38-

Quantum indexes

177. Prior to computing aggregated quantum indexes, the quantum indexes for each country in each period (81,) are derived from the country's value data and unit value indexes.

178. For each country (c) in the group, in each period, the current value of trade (Vet) is divided by the corresponding unit value index (WIc), and multiplied by 100. The figure thereby obtained (current period trade expressed in terms of base period prices Vet (0)) is then divided by the corresponding value of trade in the base period (Vco) (and later multiplied by 100) to give a quantum index:

V ct

(36) QI/ 7 = v,, (0) v , co CO

179. Once quantum indexes are obtained for all countries they are then aggregated across countries according to regional and economic groups. For each of these groups the aggregate quantum index (AQI) is a simple-weighted average of the indexes for all countries included in the group, with the weights being determined by the value of each country's trade in the base period.

180. The values obtained for the numerator of formula (36) (current period trade expressed in terms of base period prices) are aggregated over all countries in the group. The values of trade in the base period are also aggregated over all countries in the group. The former aggregate is divided by the latter (and later multiplied by 100) to obtain the average quantum index AQI for the group of countries:

c V ct

(37) AQI = - , c V co

181. The average quantum index is a Laspeyres-type index. eh/ This can be demonstrated by expressing the nknerator of formula (37) as

(38) c.& = C

c V,vvl,QI, WI, = c v,, QI,

and rewriting AQI in the following way:

(39) AQZ - T= I c c

V v,, QI, 5 c w QI co c 1

co c v,,

where.wco are the weights given by each country's share in the total trade in the base period (see formulae (18) and (19)).

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2. Exvort vrice index numbers of machinery and transoort eauioment

Exvort orice indexes of the individual countries

182. Export price index numbers (EPI) of the individual countries for the commodity categories shown in table 4, are either supplied by those countries or calculated by the Statistical Office according to the Laspeyres formula as a base-period-weighted average of the export price indexes for the commodity groups at the lower level of classification (epi,). In this case weights tWno) are determined by the share of the value of exports of each of these groups in the total value in the base period so that

t40) EPI = ~w,,epi, .

Agsreaation

183. Aggregated export price indexes for the group of selected countries (AEPI) for each commodity category are also obtained using the Laspeyres formula. . The weights (wco ) attributed to each country are determined by the share of the value of its exports in the total exports of the relevant commodity category by this group of countries in the base period so that

(41)

where

(42)

AEPI = ~wcoEPI, ,

WC, =

Notes

I./ Methods Used in Comwiling the United Nations Price Indexes for Basic Commodities in International Trade, Statistical papers, Series M, No. 29, Rev.2 (United Nations Publication, Sales No. E.79.XVII.6).

21 MO thly Bulletin of Statistics (United Nations publication, ST/ESA,STAT,:ER.Q,2D8).

31 Annex I, special table E, lists developed economies. The developing countries or areas are: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Yugoslavia and Zambia.

41 The countries of Eastern Europe, the USSR and the former German Democratic Republic are omitted, as insufficient data are available to allow their inclusion in the calculation of these indexes.

51 Standard International Trade Classification, Revision 3, Statistical papers, Series M, No, 34, Rev.3 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.86.XVII.12).

. Standard International Trade Classif ication, Revision 2, Statistical papersI Series M, No. 34, Rev.2 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.75.XVII.6).

Standard International Trade Classification. Rev&&, Statistical papers, Series M, No. 34 (United Nations Publication, Sales No. E.61.XVII.6).

Standard International Trade Classification, Statistical papers, Series M, No. 10, 2nd ed. (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.51.XVII.l)

61 The economic and geographical groupings for which indexes are calculated are in accordance with those published in the table "Total imports and exports by regions and countries or areas" in the External Trade section of the United Nations Monthlv Bulletin of Statistics, although that table includes more detailed geographical subgroups as "other developed economies" and "developing" economies than are used to calculate indexes for manufactured goods exports.

21 Statistical Yearbook 1985186, Series S, No. 11 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E/F.86.XVII.l).

81 . . International Trade Statlstrcs Yearboo k, 1987, vol. 1, Series G, No. 36 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.89.XVII.2).

e/ Eight developed countries: Belgium-Luxembourg, Canada, France, Germany, Federal Republic of, Italy, Switzerland, United Kingdom and United States. One developing country: India.

UT/ Japan, Netherlands and Sweden were added and India deleted from the calculation of "World" index numbers.

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Notes (continued)

u/ The countries listed in footnotes 91 and Le/ above, except India; plus Australia, Austria, Denmark, Finland, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Malta, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, South Africa, Spain and Yugoslavia. The individual series for Australia, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Malta, New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa, Spain and Yugoslavia were not shown separately. See annex I, special table E, for the economic and geographical groupings.

u/ Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Hong Kong, India, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China, Thailand and Zambia.

u/ The countries or areas listed in footnote l.21 plus Indonesia, Pakistan, Philippines, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey and Yugoslavia.

141 Unit value index numbers for *'Developing economies" were calculated for consecutive years beginning with 1970. The series for the years 1971-1973 inclusive, while not published, are available from the Statistical Office. The series for 1974 was published in the International Trade Statistics Yearbook, 1988 (United Nations publication, Sales No. E/F.90/XVII.6).

fi/ Brazil, Chile, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Peru, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Taiwan Province of China, Thailand and Zambia.

161 The quarterly figures in any year for the index "Developing economies" are adjusted by a factor equivalent to the ratio of the annual unit value index and the average of the quarterly unit value indexes for the previous year. 'This is to compensate for the reduced coverage of developing country exports of manufactured goods in the quarterly sample, compared to the annual sample, and brings the annual and quarterly series in line with each other as much as possible.

171 Canada, Belgium-Luxembourg, France, Germany, Federal Republic of, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

u/ Some countries do not use SITC for their index numbers, leading to further differences in definitions between countries. Annex V gives details.

u/ Australia, Brazil, Canada, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, Singapore, Sweden and the United States.

2Q/ For example, the Federal Republic of Germany calculates unit value indexes according to the Paasche formula, while the United Kingdom uses the Laspeyres formula and the Netherlands the Fisher formula.

. 221 Cmmodltv . . Trade Statxstics , Statistical papers, Series D.

22.1 Estimates are made by extrapolating the recent trend of the data or by the use of partner country data to obtain estimated rates of growth of exports of countries for which data are not available. In both cases, attempts are made to take into account any impact of current world economic and political conditions on the international trade situation.

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Notes (continued)

a/ Where a country supplies the Statistical Office with $US/national currency exchange rates, they are used. Otherwise those published by IMF are used. The exchange rates for Taiwan Province of China are collected from a Taiwanese publication. Annex V gives details. The monthly exchange rates are weighted by the corresponding value of exports (or imports) to produce quarterly and annual export (or import) weighted exchange rates used in these calculations. These weighted exchange rates are published in the March, June, September and December issues of the Monthlv Bulletin of Stz&.istics. If weighted exchange rates are not available for any period the simple (unweighted) average of monthly exchange rates is used.

&&/ The $US/SDR exchange rate is determined by IMF as a weighted average rate of major currencies used in world trade. For a detailed description of the method used in deriving the $US/SDR rates see the International Financial Statistics Suwwlement on Exchange Rates, No. 9 (International Monetary Fund, 1985).

21i/ Annex II lists developed countries; the countries of Eastern Europe, the USSR and the former German Democratic Republic are omitted, as insufficient data are available to allow their inclusion in the calculation of these indexes.

261 The economic and geographical groupings for which indexes are calculated are in accordance with those published in the table "Total imports and exports by regions and countries or areas" in the External Trade section of the United Nations Monthlv Bulletin of Statistics, although that table includes more detailed geographical subgroups as "other" developed economies than are used to calculate indexes for fuel imports.

a/ Data for the year 1971 were not published in the Mathlv Bulletin of Statistics. They were subsequently published in various issues of the

. . International Trade Statlstlcs Yearbook .

281 Developed countries were: Australia, Austria, Belgium-Luxembourg, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Federal Republic of, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States and Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia was reclassified as a developing country beginning January 1985.

a/ Individual series for Australia, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Malta, New Zealand, Portugal, South Africa, Spain and Yugoslavia were not shown separately.

m/ Canada, Belgium-Luxembourg, France, Germany, Federal Republic of, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

u/ Some countries do not use SITC for their index numbers, leading to further differences in definition between countries. Annex VI gives details.

X/ Countries that publish a price index for fuel imports rather than a unit value index are: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Sweden and the United States.

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. / “ . ,

. . . . y. .‘. ,

Notes (continued)

3% See annexes I or II for the list of developed countries. The developing countries or areas are: Algeria, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Brazil, Burundi, Cameroon, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, C6te d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Ghana, Guatemala, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Malawi, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Morocco; Myanmar, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, ,Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Republic of Korea, Rwanda, Saudi Arabi&,'Singapore, Sri Lanka, Sudan; Suriname, Syrian Arab Republic, Taiwan Province of China, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Venezuela, Zaire, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The'cduntries of 'Eastern Europe, the USSR and,the former German Democratic Repubiic are'omitted, as insufficient data are available to allow their inclusion in the calculation of these indexes.

;)4/ See annexes I or II for the list of'developed countries. The developing countries are: Brazil, Colombia, C6te d'Ivoire, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Kuwait, Liberia, Libyan.Arab Jamahiriya, Malaysia, Mauritius, Morocco, Pakistan, Peru, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Senegal, Sri Lanka, Syrian Arab Republic, Thailand, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yugoslavia; The countries of Eastern Europe; the'.USSR and the former German Democratic Republic are omitted, as insufficient data are available to allow their inclusion in the calculation of these indexes.

.. _: x/ The economic and geographical groupings for‘which,indexes are

calculated are in accordance with those published in the table "Total imports and exports by regions and countries'or areas" in,the External Trade section of the United Nations Monthly Bulleti'n of St&tisticsti.although that table includes more detailed geographical subgroups as "developed economies: Europe" and "developing economies".than are used'to calculate:indexes for total exports and imports. Also, the geographical grouping, "North America" for which indexes are calculated; is equivalent to the area "America" in the

. above-mentioned table of the Monthlv Bulletin of 1 . Statlstlcs .

X/ Yugoslavia is the only country included in the category "Developing economies: Europe". The indexes are'supplied by the national statistical office and published by the Statistical Office under the above-mentioned heading.

37/ Some countries do not use SITC for their index numbers, leading to further differences in definitions between countries. Annex,VII gives details.

_ '. a/ Countries that publish a price index for total exports and/or

imports rather than a unit value index are: PeveioDed: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, Sweden and United States; Develoniggf Brazil, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Honduras, Kenya, Panama, Peru, Singapore and Sri Lanka. ,'

.: LW Jnternatlonal F inancial Statistics (International Monetary Fund).

a/ Germany, Federal Republic of! Japan, Sweden and the United States.

.I

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Notes (continued)

a/ Some countries do not use SITC for their index numbers, leading to further differences in definitions between countries. Annex VIII gives details.

421 Where a country supplies the Statistical Office with $US/national currency exchange rates, they are used. Otherwise those published by the International Monetary Fund are used.

u/ Where a country supplies the Statistical Office with $US/national currency exchange rates, they are used. Otherwise those published by the IMF are used. Exchange rates for Taiwan Province of China are collected from a national publication. Annexes V through VII give details. The monthly exchange rates are weighted by the corresponding value of exports (or imports) to produce quarterly and annual export (or import) weighted exchange rates used in the calculations. Weighted exchange rates are published in the March,

. . . June, September and December issues of the Monthlv Bulletin of Statisti- . If weighted exchange rates are not available for any period the simple (unweighted) average of monthly exchange rates is used.

a/ This derivation requires that the national indexes are of the Paasche type. However, in practice, some of the national unit value indexes are not of the Paasche type. Annexes V through VII give details.

fi/ The $US/SDR exchange rate is determined by the International Monetary Fund as a weighted average rate of major currencies used in world trade. For a detailed description of the method used in deriving the $US/SDR rates see the Internat . . . . ional Financial Statistics Suvoleme nt on Exchanae Rates I No. 9 (International Monetary Fund, 1985).

fi/ Where the national indexes are not Paasche type, the derived quantum indexes will not be Laspeyres type.

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MANUFACTURED GOODS EXPORTS

(Reproduced from the Monthlv Bulletin of . . Statzstlcs I special table E, December 1990)

-47-

Exportations des produits manufacturks TABLEAU SPECIAL: E

1980 - 100

1989 . 1990 I75 1983 1984 1985 1988 1987 1988 1989 *

I II Ill IV I II Ill RBgion, pays ou zone

Unit value indices in national currency - indices de valeur unitaire en monnaie natlonale

.

.

il .

Hi

:: . . . 48 a3 . . .

. . . 52

:i 49

73

::

71

.

52 . . .

07

52 . . .

.

. . .

. .

. . . . 115 122 123 125 120 121 123 127

. .

132

:z

115 169

. . .

147 115

..I

.

141 147 161

116 204

. . .

166 122

. . .

146 154 170

121 238

..*

179 126

. . .

. . 141 136 151 151 155 156

119 118 271 291

. . . . . .

176 179 117 112

.*. . . .

. . . 124

113 128

..I

116 136 10E

IO?

IOE ..,

lOi

141 101

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..I . . . 134 143 146 151 157 166 162 165 167

117 134

..a

::: 106

123 116 137 135

. . . . . .

134 134 152 156 109 106

107 107 109 115 126 ..< 141 13E . . . . . .

108 119 125 136 153 ..* . . . . . . ..a . . .

101 101 a5 81 79

165 179 181 189 217 116 152 176 194 . . .

.

.

.

114 137

. . .

142 160

..a

. . . . . . . . . I) . .

122 123 138 142

.

::: 125 142

. 122 142

. ::x 118 121

143 144

. . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . .

154 161 160 161 169 168

117 122 121 337 392 380

. . . . . . ,..

. . .

:%

122 391

..a

. . . . . . . . . 164 163 161 169 168 167

123 123 121 377 405 . . .

. . . . . . ..*

. . . . . . *.. ..a . . . . . . . . . 116 122 117 125 124 124 122

es. ..a . . . ..a . . . . . . ..a

. . . 171

.

117 146

. . .

:s7: . . .

112 157

..I

186 180

..I

.

110 157

. . .

:;8' . . .

111 156

. . .

2: ..<

.

115 157

. . .

186 180

. . .

.., 168

.

113 159

. . .

::: . . .

114 155

. . .

17c 183

..,

16C *.,

a4

232 ..,

158 . . .

81

169 ..,

64

23f . .

163 . . .

85

236 . . .

234 ..I

158 . . .

a7

227 . . .

..,

1%

ii

22E . .

.

. . . 161 167

. . .

. . .

..a

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . . 174

112 156

. . .

169 . . . . . .

..a

. . .

.., 90

. . .

.,I

121 145

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . . 173

. . . . . . . . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

Totaux

Economies dbvelopp6es Am&ique

Canada Etats-Unis 13

Europe

CEE

Belgique-Luxembourg 15 ;ganeark

$gFeagne R. 1.

lrlande

ltalie 15 Pays-Bas 15 Portugal

Z$XTe-Uni

AELE

Autriche /8 /yl~

Norvbge S&de Suisse 15

Autres Bconomles d&elopp&s

&H$ie

Japon

Nouvelle-ZBlande Afrique du Sud

Economies en voie de dbveloppement

Voir la fin du tableau pour la remarque g&i&ale et les notes.

-49-

SPECIAL TABLE: E Manufactured goods exports (continued)

1980 = 100 In thous

1989 1990 Region, country or area 1975 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 -

) II 1 ill IV I II Ill J 1975

Quantum indices - Indices de volume

Total 11 ..,.,,.,.,,...,,...,......... . . . . . . . . . . . . ..I.... . . . . .I 72 108 119 124 129 139 152 a . . 157 165 158 . . . sm.

Devetopecl economies L? .................... America .................................................

Canada ......................................... United States ...............................

Europe /Z .............................................. EEC 14 ..............................................

B$;lr&Luxembourg ................... .......................................

France .......................................... $y;emcae”y, F. Ft. ............................

......................................... Ireland ..........................................

............................................... &!i;;pds ..................................

........................................ Spain ............................................ United Kingdom ...........................

EFTA n ............................................ Austria ..........................................

:dLEi .......................................... ..........................................

%yd% ‘::::::::::::I::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Switzerland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Oth;;l:;rope ,,,.,,.,..,.,...,,,,, ..,.,.......I.......,.,

Other developed economies .,-....,..,., f$dia .......................................

............................................. Japan ........................................... New Zealand ................................ South Africa .................................

Developlng economies 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45

65

77 -1.

64

44 . . .

53

104

a4 115

77

107

108

104 115 103

107 107 153

114 108 145

119 93

110

111 110 135

115 117 102

114

93

139 62

116

115

109 122 108 122

1:;

119 116 169

139 90

121

122 120 132

115 128 115

120

95

151 a2

122

121

114 125 109

129 123 151

E: 180

E

128

130

i:;

120 134 123

122

96

157 al

125 124

118 127 116

131 145 153

128 129 215

133 108 133

137 132 125

124 138 129

128

106

163 92

131

130

126

2:

135 152 180

ii: 225

171 116

135

139 137 139

130 141

.a.

138

122

1%

141

140

*.a . . . .*. .a. a.. .*. I.. 139 144 133 147 136 157 153 132 143 143 158 139 154 '157

145 156 155 160 149 162 168 126 153 111 130 174 200 ..a 109 218 213 225 209 222 250

..a 142 249

1::

142

153 136 139

ii8 149

. . .

91 102 106 112 116 118

117 134

101 107 .I01 119 ii8 137

106 120 107 116

143

114 133 144

130 149

157

142 144 148

ii8 140 141 148 168 173 143 143 148

127 128 126 159 150 ..I

136 151 179 218 254

148 146 151 141 153 154

131 127 137 128 135 146

181 ial 191 165 iaa 190 120 114 124 120 122 135

151 150 155 141 157 156

151 151 155 141 157 156

. . . I.. 149 156 296 284

ia9 la1 134 125

150 149

178 174 140 142 131 .a*

127 121 151 153

. . . ..a

.a. 151 301

201 134

154

iai 134

.a.

1% (1.

a*. 136 288 166 126

139

169 129

. . .

124 132

..a

. . . 154 313

211 148

159

188 154

a..

1:: .*a

. . . 158 340

193 138

157

188 142

. . .

138 158

. . .

.*a

156

152 180 156

. . .

. . .

. . .

128 147 . . . I.1 9..

149

129 la0 148

121 . . .

152 161 159

156 156 165 170 173 193 151 160 157

152

. . . 178 152

245

.a.

.a.

268 279

. . . *..

a..

. a . . . . '3.26

155 151 $3.85

152 160 $7.65

. . . 141

154

154

16.68 ro.07

36.62

34.41

..a 158 154

22.84 4.90

30.72

%G 1:35

..* *..

354

29.14

'%

..* 146

157

105 151

..I

152 .I, . . .

..I 150

147

148

..I I., ..,

.., **< ..,

..,

..,

..,

../ 131

151

4. . . .a

. .

. .

.a

. .

16; . . . . . . *. .a

.a

19.32 36.44

43.34

6.52 4.40 0.05

5.07 13.84 12.12

0.12

50.57

2.71 1.47

53.17

0.35 1.87

.., 39.42

General note Rema The indices in SDRs are calculated by multipl ing the equivalent

Y +

aggregate indices in U.S. dollars by conversion actors obtained by Les dtvtdin in the 8

the SDR/$US exchange rate in the current period by the rate ase period. $33

rincip The quantum indices are derived from the value data and the unit

value indices. All aggregate quantum indices are base period weighted.

P ranspc 8:“,90’: tableat

I/ Excludes trade of the countries of Eastern Europe and the USSR. 2/ Includes Yugoslavia in 1975. 3/ Beginnin third quarter 1989 derived from price indices: national unit

value in&x discontinued. 41 Excludes Portugal and Spain in 1975. 5/ Derived from sub-indices using current weights.

de I’er Les

nation 6/ Indices, except those for 1976, are calculated by the United Nations

Statistical Office. 71 Includes Portugal in 1975. 8/ Series linked at 1988 by a factor calculated by the United Nations

Statistical Off ice.

ne c; manuf “Lge’s”?f

9/ Excludes Yugoslavia in 1975. I ramen indicel

-5o-

Ies mt de ch cU”,%

Exportations des produits manufacturb (sulte) TABLEAU SPECIAL: E

In thousand million U.S. dollars En milliards de dollars E.-U.

1989 1990 1975 1980 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989

1 1 ou zone

II Ill IV I II 1 Ill Region, pays

Value - Valeur

73.25

33.85

87.65

66.62

34.41

22.84 4.90

39.72

79.62 1 .OQ 1.35

29.14 19.32

1.36

19.32 36.44

43.34

?% 0:os

5.07

2%

0.12

59.57

2.71 1.47

53.17

0.35 1.87

39.42

049.3 1002.0

23.10 849.37

77.98 175.05

33.89 42.47 44.09 132.58

05.06 519.06

19.21 443.15

47.87 37.59 9.25 a.95

83.99 68.66

66.92 2.61

'";A;

4.82 5:3a

65.84 62.34 38.30

3.26 ";:f;

15.57 14.17 80.96 60.71

85.44 75.60

14.92 13.48 10.31 9.70

0.20 0.20

7.58 6.60 24.65 21.68 27.92 23.94

0.40 0.30

40.06 155.27

4.46 3.77 4.60 4.15

24.50 142.Oe

1.25 1.2s 5.24 3.98

26.16 152.51

i083.4 1138.4 1385.6 1849.0

jO6.60 955.64 1159.0 1370.8

195.36 199.19 205.06 232.91

52.04 53.86 56.19 59.81 143.32 145.34 148.87 173.11

i32.42 571.06 734.12 894.89

153.46 486.97 624.17 762.34

37.21 39.75 52.29 64.09 9.00 9.61 12.35 14.92

70.48 73.71 92.19 111.69

148.63 161.58 217.32 264.48 2.51 2.37 3.15 3.89 6.04 6.66 8.16 10.26

63.06 67.77 86.09 104.04 33.79 35.54 46.82 56.91

3.92 4.32 5.62 7.34

16.68 17.57 62.15 68.08

78.63

I

83.75

I 20.11 80.09 I

24.62 100.29

109.51 132.01

13.73 15.06 20.17 24.28 10.36 10.88 13.57 16.56

0.20 0.18 0.20 0.25

6.77 6.96 8.30 10.08 23.22 24.80 31.49 37.54 24.34 25.89 35.79 43.30

3.94 3.69 3.83 5.23 4.77 5.26 6.10 7.29

164.91 170.78 203.36 222.81

1.43 1.48 I.56 1.85 3.76 4.19 4.99 5.85

176.64 1182.71 1206.56t278.17

I !

2

II

81

328.1 . . .

579.7 1689.0

36.97 319.63

72.19 74.46 14.78 245.17

311.5 1076.3

31.55 920.85

73.63 80.42 16.63 16.61 26.05 134.56

D;:;; 309.59 4.12 12.31 13.95

15.83 127.15 63.55 65.51

8.72 9.97

29.90 33.18 la.37 125.79

49.37 154.64

27.94 29.07 113.17 19.77

0.33 0.32

11.40 12.55 43.03 43.92 48.50 49.01

0.63 0.79

at.14 293.13

6.60 7.44 6.44 9.42

57.07 266.59

2.31 . . . .a. ..a

46.50 a..

32.90 521.56

16.33 425.81

76.59 83.54

18.78 19.90 57.8.i 63.63

67.23 270.17

28.55 231.27

20.18 20.29 3.84 4.14

33.77 36.29

76.57 77.41 0.78 0.86 3.33 3.53

..* . . . 16.61 16.41

2.46 2.45

6.14 8.35 30.79 31.20

38.49 38.70

7.08 7.12 5.02 4.69

I.. . . .

3.10 3.22 11.31 11.39 11.91 12.20

0.18 0.20

72.51 72.10

1.63 1.93 2.28 2.23

66.32 65.53

0.57 .., . . . a..

86.57 95.75

31.51 .I.

DO.76 445.08

77.99 81.52

16.78 19.00 61.21 62.52

48.65 289.21

13.10 246.89

17.88 22.07 3.90 4.73

32.05 37.23

72.66 1.11

"Z$

3.35 3.75

. . . . . . 14.81 17.69

2.38 2.68

6.78 9.91 29.31 34.49

35.35 42.11

6.90 8.00 4.45 5.60

,,. . . .

3.02 3.21 9.46 11.75

11.44 13.47

0.20 0.21

74.13 74.35

1.89 1.99 2.31 2.58

67.45 67.26

. . . . . .

. . . ..G

34.48

38.46

18.87 39.58

35.02

90.95

23.39 4.94

40.77

91.06 . . .

3.98

a..

'E

9.39 33.90

43.69

2; ..,

3.32 12.24 14.31

..,

71.oc

.., 2.44

64.64

a.* * , .

74.14 485.94

93.63 99.57

. . . I.. 73.23 78.57

09.01 311.54

53.45 265.39

22.57 .I. 5.18 ..*

40.50 .**

9.. *.. . . . . . .

4.02 .,a

. . . . . .

.** *.. 3.27 se.

..* 9.. 37.07 36.59

45.40 45.98

9.07 . . . 5.75 1..

..* . . .

3 63 . . . 12.20 *.. 14.87 . . .

I . . v . ,

71.50 74.83

. . . *..

. . . *a. 64.92 ..a

. . .

Totaux li

Economies dheloppbes M Amerfque

Canada Eta&Unis

Europe 12

CEE 14

B&;i~.uxembourg

France

#kr~gne Ft. 1.

lrlande

Espagne Royaume-Uni

AELE n

Autriche F&kan:d”ed

f$$y

Autt$$ays d’Europe

Autres economies developp&s

pS;;&ie

Japon

Nouvelle-Zelande Afrique du Sud

Economies en vole de dhloppement 19

Remarque ghirale Les produits manufactures comprennent les sections 5 a 8 de la

Classification type pour le commerce International. Ces sectrons sent: produits chimiques et produits connexes,,amcles manufactures plasses

P rrncrpalement d’apres la matiere premiere, machfnes et matenal de

ransport .et articles manufactures dwers. Les groupes Bconomrques et geographfques de ce tableau sont conformer+ aux groypes.des pays ou zones tableau % 4

ui paraissent dans le tableau 46 de ce num,ero, bien we le comprend plus de details en ce qur concerne les

sous.groupes geographtques iesquels corn rennent les groupes des ‘Autres economies developpees’ et ‘&onomies en voie de dkeloppement’ de ce tableau. En 1980, les exportations des produns manufactures par tous les ‘Economies developpees’ et les ‘Economfes en voie developpement’ representaient approxrmatfvement 93 pourcent de I’ensemble des exportabons mondiales des produits manufactures.

Les indices de la valeur unitaire sent obtenus de sources nationales a I’exception de uelques pays pour lesquels le Bureau des Statis\iques des Nations 3 mes calcule ces Indices en utilisant les chiffres de la valeur et du volume fournis par ces pays. Pour les pays ne calculant pas leurs indices des exportabons des produrts manufactures selon la definition decrite ci-dessus les sous-rndoes sont agreg&,en un indice qui se rapproche fes sectfons 5 a 8 de la CTCI. Les mdfces qui sont obtenus a partrr des Indices natronaux sont ramenes, quand necessaire, a I’annee de base 1980 = 100. LeS indices en monnaie natfonale sont convertis en dollars des E.-U. en les multipliant par un facteur de conversion obtenu en divisant 1.e taux de than e courant, moyenne ponderee, d’une mpnnare donnee par celui de a penode de base. Tous les agreges des indices de la valeur B ” unitaire sont h coefficients de ponderatron correspondant a la penode

indiquee. Les indices en DTS sont calcules en multipliant les jndices totaux

equivalents en dollars E.-U. par un facteur de conversion obtenu en dwisant le taux de change courant du DTS/$E-U dune monnare donnee par celui de la penode de base.

Les indices du quantum sent calcules a partir des chiffres, de la valeur et les indices de la valeur unitairs. Tqus, les agreges des indices du quantum sont a coefficients de ponderatron correspondant a la periode en base.

l/ Non compris le commerce des pays de I’Europe de I’est et I’URSS. 2/ Y compris la Yougoslavie en 1975. 31 A

in % artir du troisieme trimestre de I’annee 1989 calcules a partir des

ices des prix; I’indice de la valeur unitaire nationale est drscontlnue. 4/ Non comoris le Pottuoal et I’Espagne en 1975. 51 Calcufes ’ a artir d>, sous-indices a coefficients de pond&ration

cnrresoondan P. a la oenode en tours. 61 Les indices, sauf deux our 1975, sont calcufes par le Bureau des

Statistiques des Nations noes. e. 7/ Y compris le Portugal en 1975. 8/ Les series sent enchain&es & 1988 par un facteur CafCulEf par le

Bureau des Statistrques des Nations Unres. Q/ Non compris la Yougoslavie en 1975.

Annex II

FUEL IMPORTS

(Reproduced from the Monthlv Bulletin of Statistica, special table F, December 1990)

.

-53-

SPEC

IAL

TABL

E:

F Fu

el

Impo

rts

Deve

loDe

d ec

onom

ies

1980

=

100

1989

19

90

Regio

n, co

untry

or

area

1975

19

83

1984

19

85

1988

19

87

1988

19

89

I 1

II j

III

1 IV

I

1 11

1

111

Unit

valu

e In

dice

s In

U.S

. do

llars

-

lndl

ces

de v

aleu

r un

itaire

en

dol

lars

de

8 E.

-U.

Deve

lope

d ec

onom

ies

/I ...

......

......

......

.

Amer

ica

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.

Cana

da

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

Unite

d St

ates

12

.....

......

......

......

....

Euro

pe

/I ...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.

EEC

13 ...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

.

W&u

iuLux

embo

urg

14

......

......

.. ...

......

......

......

......

......

......

Fr

ance

...

......

......

......

......

......

......

...

8;e~

;evs

F.

R

......

......

......

......

.....

......

......

......

......

......

......

.....

Irela

nd

I4 ...

......

......

......

......

......

.....

Ita

I5

‘y

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

Ne

her

land

s 15

.....

......

......

......

......

Po

rtuga

l 14

...

......

......

......

......

......

..

&!?%

‘kngd

om

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

EFTA

16

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

..

pi$gj$

*

......

.... “6

.. ....

......

......

......

...

......

......

......

......

......

......

...

Icel

and

15 ..

......

......

......

......

......

.....

%i%

...

......

......

......

......

......

......

.. ...

......

......

......

......

......

......

. Sw

itzer

land

......

......

......

......

......

.....

Oth

;@ro

pe ,..

.... . .

,.... .

. . . . *.

...a . .

. . . . . .

. . . . . .

. . . . *

32

Oth

er d

evel

oped

ec

onom

ies

. . . . . .

. . . . . .

. . . . .

gabli

a ...

......

......

......

......

......

......

...

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

Ja

pan

......

......

......

......

......

......

......

. Ne

w Ze

aland

....

......

......

......

......

....

Sout

h Af

rica

......

......

......

......

......

...

40

39 i8 41

40

ii 40

Pi?

39 .i: 38

ii 40

:: 38

44 f: 4c

34 ..,

3s 42 . .

94

95

103 95

93

94 ig Xd

93

95

91 88

Iso:, 86

E I%

104 94

103 i: 107 . .

.

90

93

101 93

89

90

95

ix 87

t: ii: 92 85

83

Fg

:: 80

87

89

xx

89 a9

i8 91 xx

a6

93

t37

8: 82 ;t 73

t: 80

55

50

ix 57

57

63 El 59

;x E 52

I?:

56 E 61

2

58

58

8; 59

60

65 :s 60

f23

z3

57

ii 58

Et

58

tt . . .

51

48

:; 53

53 ; 51

it

57

57

68 56

58

58

xi 56

14

. . .

5: 2l 52

59

53 . . .

:3 . . .

*..

:i: xi 58

60

59 a..

63 55 . . .

102

75

52

80

53

59

88

100 83

89

96 .*I

82

55

;i 2;

85

57

94

67

..I

..,

56

ii 65 . . .

51

54

52

58

z: Ei

57

64

..a

..I

52

51

:; 54

54

56 E 2 59 ..*

55:

iY

53

z: ..*

Ei . . .

66

50

2: 50

55 ..a

59

61

67:

58

58

81 2 g

57

56

zi 58

59

; 2 59

60

60

72

59

61

61

ix 60

:: 64

63

61

2 68

86

:8 65

67 . . .

68

. . .

ilt 1:x 55

i . . .

63

52 *..

. . .

. . .

63

;: 85

xi . . .

8%

. . .

58

52

58

*.a

56

59

z; 66 ..a

56

g 68 ..I

60

xi 61

88 ..I

57

52

:: 60

60 . . .

2x .a.

. . .

. . .

. . . . . .

52 .*.

65 62

:: . . .

66 ..a

..a

..a

56 ..I

..<

57 ..I

..I

68

sr 72

83

68

65 . . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . . . . .

. . .

..a

76 68 .*.

..I

..a

. . .

..I

..a

..I

5g ..I

../

*.,

. . *.

For

gene

ral

note

and

foo

tnot

es s

ee e

nd o

f tab

le.

‘SelOU Sal

10 t3lrS+lJ@

0nbJW

AN3J 81

mod nealq~~

np U!j el

J!O/\

pns w enb!Jk+ apuelqz-allawoN

uoder E’eJsl

ayeqsnv saqddoleqp

sa!Luouoq sam

y

ww adoxq,p

sAed saw?v

3-W

yn-awnekoij au6eds3 333

0dOJtq

enb!Jt$uy

swjddoletqp selw

ouoo~

. . . . . . ..* . . . . . .

.*. . . .

6E . . . . . .

. . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . .

08 . . .

x:

06 06

.*. .*.

. . . ..a . . .

.a. .** . . .

.*. a.. . . .

. ii! . .

. . . a*. . . .

a*. *.. .a.

Sb . . .

. . ;Ls

.

. . .

111

6E . . .

001

. . .

. . .

ii . . .

tt LOL . . .

. . . . . . . . .

. . . . . .

ED

ii ..* . . 00 Q

& . .

. . . 601

DE . . .

E6

89

. . .

;: *..

ki 86 . . .

. . .

!!?

. . .

CEZ ZQ

x:: . . .

. E .

. . .

211

SE . . .

68

99

. . .

:i . . .

OL 10

26 . . .

. . .

PS . . .

. . .

LLZ 89

%f

. . .

. . ?f . .

. . .

LO1

PE . . .

L8

00

. . .

08 16 . . .

60 PO

E6 ..*

. . .

LS . . .

. . .

Y 2 *..

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. . . L8

82 *..

PL

so

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Ki . . .

4: 18 . . .

. . .

2s .*.

. . .

f6'

LL IL . . .

. E .

. . .

PO1

EE . . .

08

65

26 .*.

. . .

9s . . .

. . .

L6L 69

it . . .

. . . 58

62 . . .

DL

OS

. . .

iif . . .

K 8L *..

. . .

LO1

DE . . .

L6 10

. . .

FS

:o 10

L6 . . .

. . .

2 . . .

291 69

k: . . .

. . ii .

. . .

PZL

EP . . .

26

69

. . . E81

06 . . .

ES1

. . . 601

26 .*.

OEl

. . . SE 1s . . . O

E

1El DEL

. . . LSL

86 . . .

OEl

OEl

LO1

2::

EZL 211

P91 .*.

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OCL 001 . . .

ii: PLI ZPL .,.

. ::r ,

DE

LLL 601 91

iZ1 061

211 PO1 ZPL

ZEl 621

EL1 . . .

LO1 *..

. . .

8&L QOZ . . .

Q8Z LPI

Z6l

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.*.

8Ci C8L *..

8XP

06L ZSL .a.

. . KL . .

. Er . .

. SI

.

elwolieu eleuuotu ue erieslun meleA

ep sealpu~ - kue.un3 ~auolrau UI seolpul enleA alun

euoz no sAed ‘uo!69tj Ill

1 II

1 I

Al

1 Ill 1

II I

I 686L

8861 L86L

986L E86L

I7861 E86L

‘GL6L

066 L 6861

OO

L = 086L

sa?ddola+p sa~urouo~~ q sAed

Senbl@JaUy

SqnpOJd

sap suolatmodw

l

SPECIAL TABLE: F

Region, country or area

Fuel imports (continued) Developed economies

1980 = 100

1989 1990 1975 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989

II Ill IV I /I 1 Ill

Quantum indices - Indices de volume

Developed economies H ...................... America .................................................

Canada ......................................... United States ...............................

Europe ii ..............................................

EEC 13 ..............................................

E%&$~kLuxembourg ................... .......................................

France ..........................................

C%mcae”y, F. R. ............................ .........................................

Ireland ..........................................

............................................... ..................................

........................................

Spain United

............................................. Krngdom ...........................

EFTA /6 ............................................

Austria ..........................................

E;laao”dd .......................................... ..........................................

!$Td% ‘:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::I::::::: Switzerland ...................................

Oth$;,:;rope ............................................

Other developed economies .................

ps;;$alia ....................................... .............................................

Japan ...........................................

New Zealand ................................ South Africa .................................

89

87

133 83 89

93

1:; 86

4 03

:: 69

62 156

85

79

35

ii 93

114

90

102 .*a 93

51 . . .

88

81

66 83 87

88

;{

85 124

82

Ei 110

95 90

81

:.i 115

:: 95

86

76

65 77 87

87

i:: 74

85 137

85

ii 102

ii:

84

R 116

iA 94

96

99

1:: 93

94

ii 83

87 140

97

101 100 122

113 92

89

1:; 121

65 81 . . .

106

121

110 122

96

67

100

i1

8 95

94 126 107 124 122 166

98

8: Q?

70 ..I

96

ii

66 . . .

95

78

ii

64 . . .

100

i: 99

60 . . .

107 116

92 127 108 105 108 114

56 ..I

63 . . .

105

118

113 118

93

95

% 83

1:: 91

121

120

125

1%

78 . . .

100

120

112 121

88

08

100

L1

2 94

. . . 101 174

118 102

a7

96 80 . . .

FE . . .

116

106

143 125 102

50 . . .

101

126

1:;: 87

87

7; 79

:; 86

109

120

119 120

98

98

111 78 92

1:: 106

112

141

132 142

94

96

109

E

88 a..

105

. . . 113 170

119 55

89

1:: . . .

2 I..

. . . . . . 110 . . . 131 166

119 119 101 113

El9 83

107 93 104 62

. . . *.a

ill 2 . . . .I.

184 251 . . .

110 124

115 124 115 148 107 122

68 56 . . . . . .

123

1:: 123

70 .a.

. . . 131

86

86

. . . 71 87

..I

. . .

.*a

. . .

. . . 173

. . . 93

87

103 88 I.,

56 . . . . . .

a*.

112

. . .

..I 110

. . .

. . .

General note Fuels are here defined to comprise all the products in section 3 of period. All aggregate unit value indices are current period weighted.

the Standard International Trade’ Classification. These products are: coal, coke and bn

2 uettes,, petroleum,

e etroleum

materials, ,gas an electric current. products and related

he economic and geographic groupm

The quantum-indices are derived from the value data and the unit value indrces. All aggregate quantum indices are base period

whicti make-u table. In 1980 B

the group uel imports

approximately 27 percent of

issue, a thouah table 46 includes more detailed geographic sub-groups 9 s In this table are in accordance with those of table 46 in this weighted.

ing ‘Other developed economies’ of this 1 I Includes Yugoslavia in 1975.

b the developed economies amounted to tXeir total imports.

21 Beginnin third quarter 1989 derived from price indices; national unit value in&x discontinued.

I.% *, . . , 3/ Excludes Portuaal and Gain in 1975. The unit value indices are ooramea rrom narionai sources, excs IPI

those of a few countries which the United Nations Statistical Offi ,,,:e 41 Indices, except-those for 1975, are calculated by the United Nations compiles using their quantity and value figures. For countries tha. -_ t do Statistical Office. not compile indices for fuel rmports conformmg to the above definition, sub-indices are a

3 gregated to ap

P roximate an index of SITC section

51 Derived from sub-indices usin

3. Unit value in Ices obtained national indices are rebased, indices for the Netherlands calcu ated by the United Nations 9

current weights. Beginniaa{9$i,

rom where necessary, so that 1980 = 100. Indices in national currer~ converted into US. dollars usin

Tl conversion fartore ohtail I. “-.v” -,% “6;

dividing the weighted average exe ange rate the current period by the weighted average exe

of a given currency in :hange rate in the base

Office. 61 Includes Portugal in 1975. 7/ Series linked at 1988 by a factor calculated by the United Nations

Statistical Office.

In thou5

1 1975

31.35

30.49

4.09 28.40

72.19 1

59.25 ~

4.32 1.92

12.26

'Vi 0:53

10.26

2:

4.19 9.53

8.72

1.19 1.45 0.06

0.96 3.11 1.37

0.04

'8.67

0.96 0.64

Z.65

0.46 ..I

Rema

Les appark internal groduit:

%s

dtY$ P deesqcue ces pz rmporte

Les nationa des St; chiffres rje ca energ+

ii%%: auand nionnal multipli change

-56-

In thousand million U.S. dollars

Importations des produits her Pays B 6conomles

Btiques (suite) ddve 7 oppkes

TABLEAU SPECIAL: F

En milliards de dollars E.-U.

1975 1980 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989

1989 1990

I 1 II 1 Ill 1 IV 1 1 RBgion, pays ou zone I II Ill

Value - Valeur

31.35 368.12 87.53 ‘90.23

30.49 89.41 64.26 67.86

4.09 7.16 4.18 4.74 26.40 82.25 60.07 63.14

72.19 199.71

59.25 175.98

4.32 12.38 1.92 4.34

12.26 35.86

13.10 41.95 1.18 2.47 0.53 1.65

10.26 27.49 ;.l$ I;.;;

4.19 13.14 9.53 15.96

8.72 23.62

1.19 3.79 1.45 4.55 0.06 0.17

0.96 2.97 3.11 8.09 1.37 4.07

0.04 0.10

28.67 78.99

0.96 2.76 0.64 2.12

25.65 70.07

0.46 1.24 .I. . . .

56.61

39.57

9.50 3.18

25.89

32.43 2.61 1.24

24.66 15.42

2.22

11.69 10.73

38. 6 7

10.3d 3.02

25.06

31.21 2.63 1.20

16.96

2.67 3.46 0.13

1.41 6.01 3.28

23.29 14.84

2.29

10.85 13.87

15.83

2.96 3.11 0.13

1.43 5.14 3.06

0.09 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.09

66.65

2.10 1.50

59.09

0.97 **a

67.88

2.08 1.46

60.51

0.83 0.76 0.53 0.48 0.40 0.49 . . . . . . *.. .a. . . . a..

.76.1:

60.34

4.56 55.76

53.33

37.02

9.32 3.12

24.10

"% 1:20

23.92 14.54

1.99

1 K%

16.22

3.10 3.23 0.14

1.27 5.41 3.07

91.55

43.5s

3.7s 39.81

06.36

94.4c

7.26 2.03

16.25

21.91 1.96 0.98

17.43 9.01 1.44

6.72 9.39

11.90

2.33 2.35 0.11

1.20 3.51 2.42

62.45 41.64

1.59 '1.15 1.35 0.79

55.90 37.19

!06.47

51.0:

4.27 46.7t

to.aE

98.56

7.74 2.01

17.OE

22.01 1.79 1.01

17.05 10.27

1.56

8.03 10.05

12.25

2.36 2.68 0.12

1.19 3.64 2.25

83.9E

48.3C

4.17 44.13

92.21

al.93

6.65 1.68

14.58

19.12 0.60 0.86

11.73

%i

6.90 9.01

10.22

2.06 2.00 0.10

0.84 3.14 2.07

121.25

61.44

5.35 56.09

10.02

98.23

7.64 1.92

16.87

20.43 1.03 0.96

17.85 lo.85

2.01

8.46 10.21

1'1.70

2.21 2.42 0.12

2: 2:30

44.56 43.44 49.79

1.32 1.32 2.03 1.03 0.95 1.13

39.59 38.91 43.84

50.4c

13.39

1.16 12.24

25.11

22.63

1.70

Ei

4.51 0.37 0.22

.*. 2.39 0.60

1.97 2.42

2.46

0.47 0.44 0.02

0.23 0.81 0.49

0.02

11.90

0.44 0.22

10.55

0.13 . . .

53.83

16.33

1.44 14.89

25.63

22.77

1.89 0.50 4.21

4.76 0.11 0.24

52.92

15.67

1E

25.2E

22.37

1.80 0.48 3.85

4.98 0.12 0.21

. . . 2.66 0.56

2.15 2.67

2.84

0.55

i:E

0.24 0.90 0.57

.I. 2.83 0.51

2.08 2.43

2.87

0.53 0.69 0.03

0.21

::::

0.02 0.02

11.87 11.99

2:: lo:27

0.10 .*.

0.47 0.30

10.51

0.14 a..

59.84

16.05

1.54 14.51

30.01

26.44

2.25 0.54 4.93

6.18

%E

64.68

19.17

1.78 17.39

30.08

27.80

2.35 0.49 5.18

6.20 a.*

0.29

. . . . . . 2.97 2.93 0.43 0.59

2.26 2.36 2.69 3.25

3.54 3.15

0.66 0.62 0.74 0.48

.*. 0.02

0.22 0.24 1.18 1.10 0.69 0.68

0.03

13.78

::ii 12.10

0.11 ..I

14.53

0.42 0.27

13.08

0.15 9..

53.51 57.88

15.28 15.24

. . . .., 13.68 13.74

25.90 30.12

22.70 26.64

1.92 ..I

::.ix .'I 6..

a.. I.. *.. . . .

0.27 a..

.a. ,.,

.*. . . . 0.50 . . .

*.. .I. 2.42 3.00

3.18 3.46

0.64 a.. 0.65 a.. 0.05 0.03

EX "' 0:68 :::

I.. .*a

12.33 12.52

a.. **. a.* *.a

10.92 *..

0.13 *.. **a ..*

Economies d4velopp6es /I Ambrique

‘Canada EtatsJJnis

Europe /I

CEE 13

Belgique-Luxembourg $n;wk

;~A~eagne ft. f.

lrlande

ltalie Pays-Bas Portugal

%$%X3-Uni

AELE 16

Autriche

:,l~~3!

Noi-vhge Suede Suisse

Aufjttepays d’Europe

Autres economies developpees

g.sglie I

Japon I /

Nouvelle-Zelande I Afrique du Sud

Remarque ghhale

Les produits &erg&i ues appartenant a la section 3

comprennent tous les produits

mternattonal., Ces 3 e la Classrfication type pour le commerce

grodu,rts dews s roduits sent: houilles, cokes et briquettes, p&role, u petrole et produits connexes, gaz et energie

electnque. Les groupes economiques et geographrques dans ce tableau sont conformes aux groupes des pays ou zones dans le tableau 46 de ce numaro, bien que le tableau %

ui paraissent

P

6 comprend Ius de detarls en ce qui concerne les sous-groups geographrques

esquels comprennent le roupe des ‘Autres economies developpees’ de ce tableau. En 1980, es importations des produits ener P ces pays representaient approximatlvement 27 pourcen ?

etiques de de leurs

Importations totales. Les indices de la valeur unitaire sont obtenus de sources

nationales,, a I’exception de uelques pays pour lesquels le Bureau des Statistrques des Nations 8, noes calcule ces indices en utilisant les chrffres de la valeur et du volume fournis par ces ne calculant

ays. Pour les pays

enefgatiques P as leurs indices des importa Ions des products I?

se on la definition d&rite ci-dessus les sous-indices sont agreges en un indice qui se ra Indices qur sont obtenus a pa IF!

proche a la section 3 de la CTCI. Les rr des indices nationaux sont ramenes,

quand necessaire, a I’annee de base 1980 * 100. Les indices en monnaie nationale sont convertis en dollars des E.-U. en les multipliant par un facteur de conversion obtenu en divisanj le taux de change courant, moyenne ponderee, d’une monnaie donnee par celui

de, la periode de ,base. Tous les agreges des indices de la valeur unrtawe sont a coefficients de ponderation correspondant a la psriode indiquee, I

Les indices du quantum sont oaioules a partir des chiffres de la yaleur et des indices de la valeur unitaire. Tous 18s agregas des

/

tndlces du quantum sent a coefficients de ponderation correspondant a la penode en base.

l/ Y compris la Youaoslavle en 1975. 21 A

3 artir du troisiime trimestre de I’annee 1989 oalcules a partir des

m ices des prix; I’indice de la valeur unitaire nationale est discontinue. : 3/ Non compris le Portugal et I’Espagne en 1975. 41 Les indices, sauf ceux our 1975, sont calcules par le Bureau des

Statistiques des Nations noes.. e, 51 Calcules h artir de sow-indices a coefficients de ponderation

corres ondan P. a la periode en tours. A partir de 1988, les indices des ~;~;$as sont calcules par le Bureau des Statistiques des Nations

6/ Y compris le Portugal en 1975. 71 Les series sont enchain&es a 1988 par un facteur calcule par le

Bureau des Statistiques des Nations Unies.

-57-

Annex III

TOTAL EXPORTS AND IMPORTS: INDEX NUMBERS OF QUANTUM,

UNIT VALUE AND TERMS OF TRADE

(Reproduced from the Monthlv Bulletin of Statistica, special table B, January 1991)

-59-

SPECIAL TABLE: B

Total exports and imports: Index numbers of quantum, unit value and terms of trade

1. Exports 1980=100

Regions /1 1965 1970 1975 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 I

Weight :2 _ Ponderatlon 12

(%)

Total ...................................................................... 100.0

Developed economies 14 ................................. 68.7

North America ................................................... 16.6

Europe ............................................................... 43.7

E.E.C ............................................................. E.F.T.A

37.4 .......................................................... 6.1

Mr&a 15 .............................................................. 0.7 Ocea;;ig.. ........................................................... 7.3

............................................................. 1 ,4

Developing economies 14 ................................ 31.3

;f$a ................................................................... ......................................................................

Asia Middle East Other Asia

............................................. .......................................................

America ................................................................ Europe ‘6 ..............................................................

Total .........................................................................

Developed economies 14 ...................................

North America .....................................................

Europe .................................................................

E.E.C. .............................................................. E.F.T.A. ...........................................................

ifs’iiaca 15 ................................................................ Ocei;.

..............................................................................................................................

Developing economies 14 ..................................

Africa ...................................................................

gserM+$$e East ......................................... . ... .......................................................

America ............................................................... Europe 16 ..............................................................

42 62 78 101

34

39

35

,"x

34

3:

54

55

57

s5:

47

2

79

99 73

2;

5723

73 103

73 98

74 103

75 103 74 102

:: 1:: 77 98

57

64 43

::

fs9

96 90

x; 8:

22 25

30 33

33 38

28 30

f S" El

31 i

12

13 12

2:

:i

13

14 10

2!

5:

Quantum index 13

98

I

100

104 I

109

102 114 I

112

118

91

105

105 102

93 108 106

88 97 98

108 116 122

107 115 121 109 119 126

88 105 116 141 104 131

93 1 98) 98

120 127 139 149

121 128

100 112

125 131

124 131 129 134

113 108 141 142 132 141

138 148

130 139

139 150

138 150 141 151

. . . 148 143

. . .

::i

118

1:;

71 178

124

1::

2::

138 117

144 151

103 98 152 164

2:: 2::

153 161 112 116

Unit value index (In U.S. dollars) n

98 94 89 87 85 88 98 102

98

,108

90

9":

92 106 102

92

108

85

ts5

1;

88 88 86

109 110 107

81 77 78

t: 33 38"

ii zi xi 91 88 80

97

106

92

x23

77 113

78

109

108

107

107 107

94 124

87

Ii6

117

112

112 113

. . .

2;

98

91 101

109 96

91 117

89 88 85

:I t: ii:

:: :i IF

83 82 81 113 107 106

104

115

121

110

110 111

..I 137 112

75

t :

5: 9e

7; 12s

II For the composition of the regions, see table 46 of this issue. 2/ Based on the value of trade, in U.S. dollars, in 1980. 31 Quantum indices are derived from value data and unit value

indices. They are base period weighted. 41 This classification is intended for statistical convenience and doe6

not,,necessaril express a judgement about the stage reached by particular coun ry n the development process. v

51 South African Customs Union. 61 Yugoslavia. 71 Regional aggregates are current period weighted.

-6O-

TABLEAU SPECIAL: B

Exportations et importations totales: Indices du quantum, de la valeur unitaire et des termes de I’khange par rkgions

1. Exportations 1080=100

r R6g1ons :1

1988 I 1989 I 1990 I /

III I

IV I II Ill IV / I II 1 Ill

lndice du quantum 13

1 II

138 133 140

130

123

143

142 148

107 149 148

134

120

136

135 130

1:; 145

130

135

141

141 142

. . . . . . .,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 151 148 151 150 158 153 140 136 :z 142 152 145 151 149

136

104 143

23x

140 143

129 140 150 165

03 97 103 134 135 146 161 179

2:: 2::

146 160 150 148 101 107 07 141

143 150

144 151

136 142

147 154

147 153 148 155

140

97 150

2;:

151 00

148

02 160

165 116

151

154

147

157

157 158

145

91 158

a3 256

153 111

. . . . . . Totaux 125 127

127 125

112 108

129 128

128 129 135 123

102 115 141 143 146 137

121 130

84 02 127 135

67 206 2::

:z 151 105

138 153

132 147

147 150

141 155

134 143

141 150

140 159 141 160

157 145

154 142

157 143

156 143 161 143

. . . . . . 161 166 161 148

. . .

*.. . . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

122

122

122

122 121

88 129 111

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . . . . .

. . .

.*.

. . .

. . .

..,

.*. Moyen-Onent d’Ase

. . . Autres pays d’Asre

. . . Amenque 95 Eurooe ~6

. . . Totaux

128

123

129

129 130

90 134 117

. . . Economies en voie de dbveloppement 14

. . .

. . .

. . . Moyen-Orient d’A.sre

..a Autres pays d’Aae

. . . Amerrque 142 Europe !6

Economies dheloppies 14

Amenque du Nord

Europe

124 134

132 150

132 140 132 154

C.E.E. A.E.L.E.

2eque ‘5 Oceame

158 168 Economies en voie de dbveloppement 14

94

I

111 174 170

Afnque Asre

2% 105 275 2;;

I

100 283

171 111

166 137

lndice de la valeur unitaire (en dollars E.-U.) n

08 97

106 108

108 110

106 105

106 105 107 106

03 91 124 124

a7 aa

75

61 70

67 114

76

61 a0

ii

1%

102

113

110

112

112 113

101 120

01

77

::

z':

1::

103

115

112

113

113 115

l%%

75

z

54 01

66 126

102

117

120

113

113 113

88 141 113

71

7:

::

67 126

102

115

121

100

109 100

1:: 112

77

,::

Xl

70 127

104

117

120

114

114 114

;3

79

Ei

i:

70 130

109

122

121

120

121 120

91 135 112

79

E

F3:

72 140

104 00

117 113

104 103

116 114 Economies &velopp&es 14

Amenque du Nord

Europe

115 110

114 107

113 107 116 106

121 123

111 106

110 108 112 100

C.E.E. A.E.L.E.

I$zue 15

Oceanre

02 82 136 136 108 100

76 74

85 82 142 138

'112 113

77 80

i% ::

ii :: 71 73

131 127

’ Pour, la composition des regions, voir tableau 46 du present presentation des statistrques et n’rmplrque pas necessairement un numero. tuaement want au stade de developoement auauel est oarvenu un

’ Calcul&s d’apr6s la valeur du commerce en 1980. en dollars E.-U. ’ Les indices du quantum sont calcutes a

jogys don&.

valeur et des indtces de la valeur unitarre. Is sont B coefficients de P artir des chrffres de la 5/ L’Unron Douanrere d’Afrique Mendionale.

ponderation correspondant 8 la periode en base. 61 Yougoslavre.

’ Cette classification est utrlisee pour plus de commodite dans la 71 Les totaux

Tonaux sont a coefficients de ponderation

correspondant a a penode en tours.

-61-

SPECIAL TABLE: B

Total exports and imports: Index numbers of quantum, unit value and terms of trade (continued)

2. Imports 1980'100

Regions I1 1965 1970 1975 1981 r I, 1986 1987 -I- T-

1 r 1

-

,

gBz Quantum index 13

1 1 I988 989

Weight 12 Ponderation 12

W)

TOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 37 59 74 100

Developed economies I4 ................................. 75.2

North America ................................................... 16.9

Europe ............................................................... 48.0

E.E.C ............................................................. 41.0 E.F.T.A .......................................................... 6.8

Africa 15 .............................................................. 1.0 Asia .................................................................... 7.9 Oceania ............................................................. 1.4

38

37

39

38 45

60

8:

62 74

63 75

60 72

% 3;

:; 8: 71 82

98

101

96

85

114 99

112

Developing economies I4 ................................ 24.8 33 49 74 106

Europe 16 .............................................................. 28 55 74 95

99 101 109 114 123 132

97

94

97

i's

% 120

100 111 117

104 128 139

99 105 111

99 105 110 101 108 115

80 89 69 100 110 110 103 124 130

126 135

153 159

119 129

tl8 128 124 131

78 74 121 133 128 131

105 102 106

79 72

105

69 68

113

74

145

145

167

138

:z

. . . 153 142

142

69

99

102

108

102

101 106

. . . 88

111

91

127

155

156

173

149

149 147

. . . 164 175

151

76

101

10:

111

10:

10' 101

. . 9:

101

9s

12!

Unit value index (in U.S. dollars) 17

25 27 58 99


North America .....................................................

Europe .................................................................

E.E.C. .............................................................. E.F.T.A ............................................................

yiza /5 ................................................................ ... . ...................................................................

Oceanta ...............................................................

25 27 58

25 28 58

25 27 59

2 IX 2:

22 23 53

2 x:, E

97

106

93

93 89

100 103 102

Developing economies 14.8 ............................... 26 26 58 105

Europe I6 .............................................................. 25 28 57 ii0

94 94 90 90 88 88

92 92 88 88 86 86

105 105 101 101 103 103

87 87 82 82 78 78

t: t: 82 79 82 79 79 75 79 75

QQ QQ Q7 Q7 x; x; :: ::

ii ii 92 92

86

84

100

78

3:

fg

99 96 94

I I 112 112 115

QC

117

a7 95

88 97

97 102

86 98

0; 100 97

a3

x2 'E 101

84 89

1061 111

1211 121 / 109

3. Terms of trac dl e /Q

99

102

97

96 103

92 102 100

99 101 100

103 108 107

98 99 99

83 90 85 104 I 107 I 109

98 97 95

101

108

100

99 105

87 113

91

99 99

99 104 I

92 94

101 I

94

93 91

110 112 113 11;

110 106 109 10s

107 109 110 10s

108 110 110 10s 106 107 107 10;

93 91 . . . 150 151 156

85 86 97 iSi 101

79 84 83 83

97 98 99 101


North America .....................................................

Europe .................................................................

1321 136 117

110 111 104

110 114 102 101 ::t

150 143 113

1:: 176 127 114 105

47 50 75

103 106 100

E.E.C ............................................................... E.F.T.A ............................................................

tfri;a 15 ................................................................ ... . ...................................................................

Oceania ...............................................................

Developing economies 14 ..................................

Europe 16 ..............................................................

II For the composition of the regions, see table 46 of this issue. 2/ Based on the value of trade, in U. S. dollars, in 1980. 3 Quantum indices are derived from value data and unit value

indices. They are base period weighted. 4/ This classification is intended for statistical convenience and does

express a judgement about the stage reached by a not,.necessaril partrcular coun ry r n the development process.

5/ South African Customs Union. 61 Yugoslavia. 7/ Regional aggregates are current period weighted. 8/ Indices except those for Euro are based on estimates preparc

by the kternationai Monetary und. P* 9/ Unit value index of exports divided by unit value Index of imports.

-62-

TABLEAU SPECIAL: B

Exportations et importations totales: indices du quantum, de la valeur unitaire et des termes de 1’6change par regions (suite)

2. Importations 1980 = 100

1987 1988 1989 1990

II III IV I II III 1 IV RBgions /I

I II Ill IV I II 1 III

lndice du quantum 13

149 157

152 158

168 175

146 153

147 154 140 149

. . .

::;

..I 158 170

141

64

151

73

132 129 143 136 143

134

159

130

146

125

125 125

77 134 136

145 140

166 165

145

164

138

::t

124

62

140 131

138 131 148 130

1% 1:: 139 131

141 154

141 155

163 175

132 148

132 149 133 146

. . . . . . . . . 153 152 159 132 149 157

137 125 136 141 152

86 57 66 66 87

158 . . . . a . Totaux

162

175

157

158 152

Economies ci6veioppkes /4

Ambrique du Nord

Europe

C.E.E. A.E.L.E.

. . . 168 167

163 155

178 175

158 146

159 147 158 138

. . . . . . 171 173 159 166

Afrique 15 ASle O&ante

149

80

*.. . . . Economies en voie de dbveioppement 14

. . . 74 Europe /6

151 162

150 163

173 179

140 157

140 140 2;

. . . . . . 164 173 178 183

152 159

72 96

105 . . . .** Totaux

109 108 113

111 111 113

110 110 117

110 110 116 112 113 120

Economies dkveioppkes 14

Am&lque du Nord

Europe

C.E.E. A.E.L.E.

..I 93

110

96

141

. . . 91

110

. . .

. . .

.*. 93

116

2;zue 15

Oceanle

. . . Economies en voie de dheioppement 14.8

140 Europe i6

127

127 129

13: 128

126

75

lndice de la valeur unitaire (en dollars E.-U.) n

94 95

97

102

97

96 101

103 82

101

97

105

96

::

102 03

101

85 89

120 I 120

98 100 101 101

99 102 103 102

108 107 110 112

97 103 102 100

97 102 101 100 101 106 106 102

100 102

102 104

109 110

101 104

100 102

. . . 92

109

104 106

. . . . . . 89 89

112 109

. . .

1:;

. . . . . . 93 93

106 109

. . . 1:;

93

124

95 93 95 94 96

125 129 127 1281 132

101 99

101

104

102

1::

107 86

104

92

119

100

103

106

104

104 108

112 87

108

104

109

104

103 108

92 93

131 127

- -

3. Termes de IUchange !9

112 111 112

107 105 105

109 109 110

110 110 110 106 107 108

90 89 95 151 149 151

85 87 87

112

106

109

2;

1g

112

106

109

110 107

. . .

'E

88 85 83 81 82

95 96 .95 96 99

Economies dbveioppbes 14

Amklque du Nord

Europe

114

110

110

Ill 107

. . .

1:;

79

101

115

112

110

Ill 107

. . . 161 100

113

110

109

:,"i

. . .

:2

111 112 113 112 113 113

109 110 109 109 110 109

108 109 109 109 110 111

108 109 110 110 111 112 106 107 107 107 107 108

,.. .I. . . . . . . . . . 148 146 148 145 142 104 103 102 101 101

75 82 84 82 82

101 101 100 99 98

83

100

. .

. . .

. . . 144 101

. . .

102

C.E.E. A.E.L.E.

gk$Je (5

Oceanle

Economies en voie de dbveioppement 14

Europe i6

II Pour, la composition des regions, voir tableau 46 du present numero.

pays don&.

U CalcuiQ d’apr&s la valeur du commerce en 1980, en dollars E.-U. 5/ L’Union Douankre d’Afrique MBridionale.

31 Les Indices du quantum sont calc&s B 6/ Yougoslawe.

vaieur et des indlces de la valeur unitaire. is sont h coefficients de P artir des chiffres de la 7/ Les totaux rB tonaux sont & co#icients de pondkatjon

pond&atlon correspondant B la p&iode en base. correspondant a a penode en tours. .?

$1 Cette ciasslfication est utiiisbe pour plus de commoditk dans la 8/ Le calcul des Indices, sauf ceux pour I’Europe, sont bask sur les prkwntation des statistiques eJ n’impllque n=c n&--c~~lr~m-nt ~~fi estimations preparees par le Fonds mon&atre International. jugement quant au stade de developpemen

t~;;q--s’s;~~.-;;~ .#&

91 indice de la valeur unitawe des exportations dws~ par I’indice de la valeur unItawe des Importations.

-63-

Annex IV

EXPORT PRICE INDEX OF MACHINERY AND TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT FOR SELECTED COUNTRIES

(Reproduced from the Monthlv Bulletin of . . Statlstla I special table C, November 1990)

-65-

SPECIAL TABLE: C

EXPORT PRICE INDEX OF NACHIMRY AND TRANSPORT EQUIPYNT FOR SELECTED COUNTRIES

1980-loo ___________--_______--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

____________________-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1981 1 ‘982 1 ‘983 1 ‘984 1 1985 I 1986 I 1967 I 1988 I 1989

______________--_---------------------------------- --------_--___-__-__--------------------------------------------------- ----e-e-

MACHINERY AND TRANSPORT EOUIPBENT

W&NY, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF

SWEDEN UNITED STATES

MACHINERY. OTHER THAN ELECTRIC

EpNNY. FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF


POWER GENERATING NACMINERY.OTHER THAN ELECTRIC

yArNNV, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF

UNITED STATES

AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY AND INPLEGENTS

lIEINNV. FEDERAL REPVBLIC OF

UNITED STATES

METAL WORKING NACHINERY

$;FNNV. FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF

UNITED STATES

TEXTILE AND LEATHER MACHINERY

s;pNNV, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF

UNITED STATES

MACHINES FOR SPECIAL INDUSTRIES

GEENNV. FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF

UNITED STATES

YACHINERY AND APPLIANCES(OTHER THAN ELECTRICAL Aa YLCHINE PARTS.N.E.S.

GErNNV. FEIKRAL REPUBLIC OF

UNITED STATES

ELECTRICAL UACHINERY. APPARATUS AN9 APPLIANCES

5:ENNV. FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF


ELECTRIC PavER MACHINERY AND SWITCHGEAR

W&NV, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF

UNITED STATES

TELECOWUNICATIONS APPARATUS

WU&NV, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF


100 99 99 98 99

1z 81 x: is i5 1:: 1% 112: 1% 13

99 99 99 98 99

1% 8: t: TS 2

1:: 1:; 1% 1:: 1::

105

1:x 114

102

66

:z

96

1% 110

108

88

:ii

102

E “5

97

;g

109

1:: 125

105

it 121

97

1% 120

110

79

1z

105

75

1E

94

;z

113

3 136

106

13 127

96

;;g

93

84

%

102

4

91

!i 111

106

1% 123

92

82

:z

105

i% 124

89

1:: 116

104

74

:z

90

76

:z

105

1:: 126

98

85

:z

98

1%

1g

98

it 120

96

n;

110

99

80

:ti

94

ii 111

97

ii 126

92

i;

115

98

:i

92

;a

117

94

E 107

97

1:

1%

94

E 115

92

77

8: 110

94

ZP 117

89

XI

1%

91

73

178

87

t Y

1:;

92

2 123

85

El

1%

118 132

104 127 123 137

1% :i:

116 129

:zi 2:

1% ::i?

130 142

:i; :B 139 142

120 130

:!E 28” 130 131

123 144

:zi 3 130 135

118

:%I 123

117

E 126

140

131 164 129

127

if: 125

117

101

:R

108

:g

118

132

::z 134

120

i:: 102 122

110

iii ,

103

86

‘E 119

122

i:i 128

114

x

1%

140

::i

E

136

136

::i 130

150

144

%

136

131

2::

156

:“8: 141

141

2: 140

126

128 126

E

128

:;t

101 127

1%

------------------.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FOR GENERAL NOTE SEE ENO OF TABLE.

-66-

TABLEAU SPECIAL: C

INDICES DES PRIX DES EXPORTATIONS DE MACHINES ET MATERIEL DE TRANSPORT POUR CERTAINS PAYS

19801 loo -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1966 I 1969 I 1990 I -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

I 1 II I III I IV 1 I I 11 I III I IV I I 1 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

141

:i:

:ii

137

141 154

:iP

141

:z: 121 140

136

;:t 122 130

151

:z 145

138

ii: 132

156

2: 138

152

146

:z

136

:ga 132

156

146

:z

153

:‘8; 137

133

i34: 128

152

141 163 135

135

g

141 142

136 136

:: :zi

127 127

:1: E

:% E

131

133

:;;

120

:%

:z

131

3 135

121

%

Ei

146

:Xt 147

133

:x1 134

149

:i: 140

150

:s 146

137

:zi 134

157

143

22

140

is

131

::: 131

146

:sx 138

135

:“sx 132

137

$2 141

123

121 125 103 125

142

132

::s

127

2’:

%

126 131

121 128

Et! 3:

115 119

1:: :%i

1% 1%:

140

129

ii

136

131 154

2:

151

is

136

::z 136

154

:3ei 146

144

%I 144

134

126

:z

140

it: 145

125

i59”

%

137

::s 116 145

133

ii’: 117 135

136

126 141 116 146

134

126

::1 136

149

2: 152

134

121 151 136

149

:sz 146

146

E 154

135

ii: 137

147

% 146

136 137

i%f iB 142 142

134 135

E x 136 136

136

125

:riz

122

1::

:z

126

Ei 142

127

120

::s

112

;FJ

130

110

1::

1%

139

iit

::s

136

137

:ft 137

151

131

E

139

:i% ,l39

152

144 166 150

142

ES 144

139

134

:a:

143

134

i:z

124

::;

:z

130

126

!Z

111

1%

1::

144 MACHINES ET MATERIEL DE TRANSPORT

144 139 129 150

143

149

ii:: 139

;kLLEAGNE. REPUBLIOUE FEDERALE D’

SUEDE ETATS-UNIS

MACHINES A L’EXCEPT.DES MACH. ELECTRIOUES

,W-EGNE. REPUBLIOUE FEDERALE D’

SUEDE ETATS-UNIS

156

151

E

145

142

1%

156

::I 151

MACHINES GENERATRICES A L’EXCEPTION DES MACHINES ELECTRIOUES

W&AGNE. REPUBLIOUE FEDERALE D’

ETATS-UNIS

MACHINES ET APPAREILS AGRICOLES

WEA”“‘. REPUBLIOUE FEDERALE D’

ETATS-UNIS

9ACHINES POUR LE TRAVAIL DES HETAUX

&Mt&AGNE, REPUBLIOUE FEDERALE D’

ETATS-UNIS

147 MACH. POUR L’INDUSTRIE TEXTILE ET POUR LA PREP. ET LE TRAVAIL DES CUIRS ET PEAUX

147 147 144

M&A”“‘, REPUBLIOUE FEDERALE D’

ETATS-UNIS

143 MACHINES POUR INDUSTRIES SPECIALISEES

ii: 142

&M%N’, REPUBLIOUE FEDERALE D’

ETATS-UNIS

149 NACH. ET APPAR.(A’L’EXCEPTION DE L’APPAR. ELECT.) ET PIECES DET. POUR MACH. NDA

:2 151

W&A”“‘, REPUBLIDUE FEDERALE 0’

ETATS-UNIS

126 YACHINES ET APPAREILS ELECTRIOUES

% 113 130

ALLEMAGNE. REPUBLIOUE FEDERALE 0’ JAPON SUEDE ETATS-UNIS

134 BACH. ELECT. GENERATRICES ET APPAR. POUR LA COUPURE OU LA CONN.DES CIRCUITS ELEC.

136 116 146

rW&AGNE, REPUBLIOUE FEDERALE D’

ETATS-UNIS

111

101 109 101 131

APPAREILS DE TELECOWUNICATION

WAG”‘. REPUBLIOUE FEDERALE D’

SUEDE ETATS-UNIS

-----------------t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ VOIR LA REMARQUE GENERALE A LA FIN DU TABLEAU.

-67-

SPEC

IAL

TABL

E:

C EXPO

RT

PRIC

E IN

DEX

OF

MACH

INER

Y AN

0 TR

ANSP

ORT

EDUI

PDEN

T FO

R SE

LECT

ED

COUN

TRIE

S (C

ONTIN

UED)

1980

= loo

---

---_-

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

----

-_---

------

_----

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

-- 1

1961

I

1962

I

1963

1

1964

I

1965

I

1966

1

1967

I

1968

I

1999

---

-_---

------

----_

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

-----

DOM

ESTI

C EL

ECTR

ICAL

EG

UIPM

ENT

96

93

92

66

66

105

117

122

116

GEZN

NY.

FEDE

RAL

REPU

BLIC

OF

UNIT

ED

STAT

ES

04

115 ::

116 xz

12

0 zi 12

2 T!

96

117

E %

i:s

123

Kii

129

106

135

OTHE

R EL

ECTR

ICAL

MA

CHIN

ERY

AND

APPA

RATU

S 10

1 99

97

97

97

10

8 11

7 12

1 11

9

GEZN

NY,

FEDE

RAL

REPU

BLIC

OF

10

1 62

63

76

103

1E

it 1%

1%

22

::3

ii:

UNIT

ED

STAT

ES

lD6

113

119

121

122

b TR

ANSP

ORT

EQUI

PMEN

T 10

1 10

0 10

2 10

3 10

5 12

7 14

3 15

1 15

0

tIiINN

Y.

FEDE

RAL

REPU

BLIC

OF

‘I

1%

1:;

1;:

75

129

145

ii5 12

6

SWED

EN

UNIT

ED

STAT

ES

1:;

12 “8

12

1;:

‘PZ

146

151

115

160

126

167

E 172

ROAD

Y)

TOR

VEHI

CLES

99

97

99

98

99

12

2 13

6 14

7 14

3

GEzN

NV.

FEDE

RAL

REPU

BLIC

OF

SWED

EN

UNIT

ED

STAT

ES

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

------

GE

NERA

L NO

TE.

THES

E IN

DiTX

ES

ARE

OF

THE

LASP

EYRE

S TV

PE

(BAS

E W

EIGH

TED)

SH

IFTE

D W

HEN

NECE

SSAR

Y SO

TH

AT

196O

=lOD.

TH

EY

ARE

CON-

VE

RTED

FR

OG

NATI

ONAL

CU

RREN

CIES

IN

TO

U.S.

CO

LLAR

S US

ING

CONV

ERSI

ON

FACT

ORS

OBTA

INED

BY

DI

VIDI

NG

THE

CURR

ENT

EXCH

ANGE

RA

TE

OF

A GI

VEN

CURR

ENCY

BY

IT

S EX

CMAN

GE

RATE

IN

TH

E BA

SE

PERI

O9.

THE

TOTA

LS

SHOW

N FO

R EA

CH

HEAD

ING

ARE

THE

WEI

GHTE

D AV

ERAG

ES

OF

THE

INDE

XES

FOR

THE

COUN

TRIE

S LIS

TED

WIT

HIN

EACH

SP

ECIFI

C HE

AD-

ING:

W

EIGH

TS

BEIN

G TH

E EX

WRT

S IN

19

60.

THE

EXPO

RTS

DF

THE

SELE

CTED

CO

UNTR

IES

REPR

ESEN

TED

IN

1960

BE

TWEE

N SO

AN

D 60

PE

RCEN

T OF

TH

E TO

TAL

EXPO

RTS

OF

ALL

HEAD

INGS

SlR

MN.

TH6S

E IN

DEXE

S.

BEIN

G EX

PRES

SED

IN

TER9

S OF

U.

S.

DDLL

ARS

REFL

ECT

NOT

ONLY

CH

ANGE

S IN

PR

ICES

BU

T AL

SO

CHAN

GES

IN

THE

PARI

TV

BETW

EEN

NATI

ONAL

CU

RREN

CIES

AN

D TH

E DO

LLAR

. TH

E CA

TEGO

RIES

OF

GW

DS

ENCO

MPAS

S A

BROA

D VA

RIET

Y OF

PR

ODUC

TS;

HENC

E DI

FFER

ENT

TREN

DS

IN

COUN

TRV

IND6

XES

OCCU

R W

ITHI

N TH

E SA

M6

HEAD

ING.

FO

R EX

AMPL

E SI

NCE

JAPA

N’S

EXPO

RTS

OF

TRAN

SPDR

T ED

UIPM

ENT

INCL

UDE

LARG

E VA

LUES

FO

R SH

IPS.

TH

E TR

END

OF

JAPA

N’S

INDE

X FO

R TH

IS

PART

ICUL

AR

CATE

GORY

DE

PEND

S TO

A

MJCH

GR

EATE

R EX

TENT

UP

ON

THE

PRIC

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1966

I

1969

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1990

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124

124

116

122

120

116

117

120

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126

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Annex V

MANUFACTURED GOODS EXPORTS: CURRENT SOURCES AND DESCRIPTION OF UNIT VALUE, QUANTUM INDEXES AND VALUES a/, b/

(Notes and abbreviations used are explained after annex VIII.)

Name or description Country Periodicity of export index and Current

or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year c/ fication

. Developed economieg

America

Canada Annual and Index: Manufactured Paasche 1981 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data goods

In annual Special dispatch Price index, and to UN National currency quarterly indexes

COMTRADE d/ Value: a/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.3

USA Annual and Index: Manufactured Fisher June SITC, Rev.2 quarterly data goods 1977

In annual For indexes up Unit value index, and to second domestic exports quarterly quarter, 1989: indexes US.1

Export . ala indexes Foreign'Trade

Division Dept. of

Commerce, Bureau of the

Census

For indexes Index: Current weighted Modified 1985 SITC, Rev.2 after second average calculated by Laspeyres quarter 1989: the Sudano-Sahelian

Office from indexes

-7o-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, B/

Country. Name or description

Periodicity of export index and Current or and source of description of Type of base Classi-

area basic data export value data index year r/ fication

USA News, for each of SITC (cont'd.) sects. 5-8

Dept. of Labor Bureau of Labor Excludes military and

Statistics commercial aircraft

Price index

Linked to above series at 1988 (annual)

As above Weights are determined by the base-period values of the corresponding quarter of exports of the same SITC sections.

COMTRADE d/ m: a/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.3

. . Eurooean Economic Communitv

Belgium- Annual and quar- Luxem- terly data bourg

Bulletin de la . Banuue Nationale

dat Banque Nationale Belqique

In annual and quarterly indexes

Index: Current weighted Paasche 1975 National average calculated by classi- UN from indexes pub- fication lished for the following based on commodities: SITC f/

Sid6rugieons

Fabrications mhtalliques

Mhtaux non ferreuex

Textiles

Produits chimiques

Verres et glaces

Ciments

-71-

Annex). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, h/


or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year E/ fication

Belgium- Mat&iaux de construc- Luxem- tion fi base de ciment bourg et de plgtre (cont'd.)

C6ramiques

Bois et meubles

Peaux, cuirs et chaussures

Papier et livres

Caoutchouc

Unit value index, national currency

!&&I%: These indexes were last published for 1987

Z& above Heights for above determined by current national currency values of exports of the same commodity groups

COMTRADE d/ Values: a/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.3

Denmark Annual and Index: Ovrige industi- Fisher 1980 National quarterly data producter classi-

fication:

. In annual Udenrlasbndel I Unit value index, Exports by and Danmarks Sta- national currency industrial quarterly tistik origin indexes


SITC, Rev.3

-72-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a!/, h/


or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year G/ fication

France Annual and monthly data

In annual Quarterly and indexes are quarterly calculated by UN indexes as averages of

monthly idexes

Bulletin mensuel . de statistlque I Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques

COMTRADE d/

Index: Produits Paasche 1980 Nomencla- manufactures ture

d'activi- Excludes: tes et Materiels militaire, de

&lectronique, produits ferroviaire

Instruments et materiel de prkision

Constructions aeronautique et navale

Machines-outils


Values: a/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.3

Germany, Federal Republic of

In annual and quarterly indexes

Annual and Jndex: Manufactured Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 monthly data goods

Quaterly Unit value index, indexes are national currency calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes

UN MBS questionnaire

COMTRADE d/ Values: a/ ‘Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.3

-73-




Greece Annual and adex: Manufactured Paasche 1982 SITC, Rev.2 monthly data goods

In annual Quarterly and indexes are Unit value index, quarterly calculated by UN national currency indexes as averages of

monthly indexes



SITC, Rev.3

Ireland Annual and Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data UN 9'

In annual COMTRADE d/ and quarterly COMTRADE d/ indexes

Unit value index, , US dollars

Values: R/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.3

Italy Annual and Index: Current weighted monthly data average calculated by

UN from indexes In annual Quarterly published for the and indexes are following subgroups: quarterly calculated by UN indexes as averages of Beni di investimento

monthly indexes Approvv. ind. non commest.

Paasche 1980 SITC, Revised

(Indexes for Broad indicated Economic sub-groups Categories are computed according to the Fisher formula)

-74-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, P/



Italy . Stat st ica de1 (cont'd.) Commircio Con

Parti., access., match. e appl.

, est InstitutI, Parti., access., mezsi Centrale di di trasp. Statistica

Mexzi de trasporto Altri beni di consumo


As above Weights for above determined by the current national currency values of exports of the same commodity groups


SITC, Rev.3

. Nether- Annual and Index: Current weighted lands monthly data average calculated by

UN from indexes In annual Quarterly published for the and indexes are following subgroups: quarterly calculated by UN indexes as averages of Textiel en kleding

monthly indexes Chemische produkten

Metaalprodukten

Paasche 1980 National classi-

(Indexes fication: for Exports by indicated industrial subgroups origin are computed according to the Fisher

Maandstatistiek Overige fabrikaten formula) van der Buiten-


Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek

-75-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, k/

'Name or description Country Periodicity of export index and Current

or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year ~1 fication

Nether- Maandstatistiek Weights for above lands van de Buiten- determined by current (cont'd.) landse Handel national currency values

per Land Centraal'Bureau

of exports of the same commodity groups

voor de Statistiek


SITC, Rev.3

Portugal Annual and JiJXk.K: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.2 quarterly data UN 8'

In annual COMTRADE d/ and quarterly indexes COMTRADE d/

Unit value index, US dollars

Values: d/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.2

Spain Annual and Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data UN 52'

In annual COMTRADE d/ and quarterly indexes COMTRADE d/


Values: 91 Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.3

United Annual and Index: Manufhctured Laspeyres 1985 SITC, Rev.3 Kingdom monthly data goods

In annual Quarterly Unit value index, and indexes are national currency quarterly calculated by UN indexes as averages of

monthly indexes

-76-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values 41, h/



United UN MBS Kingdom questionnaire (cont'd.)

COMTRADE d/ Values: 81 Manufactured SITC, Rev.3 goods, SITC 5-8

European Free Trade Association

Austria For indexes up to 1987 inclusive: Annual and monthly data

In annual Quarterly and indexes are quarterly calculated by UN indexes as averages of

monthly indexes


Index for 1988 annual data

COMTRADE d/

For indexes beginning 1989:

Annual and quarterly data

Index: Manufactured Fisher 1979 SITC f/ goods


Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.2 UN w


i&l&g: This index is used to link those for the preceding and following years

Index: Manufactured Paasche 1988 SITC, Rev.3 goods


-77-


I



Austria UN MBS (cont'd.) questionnaire


SITC, Rev.3

Finland Annual and Index: Industry. Laspeyres 1980 quarterly data Includes: food

beverages and tobacco

In annual Foreian Trade Unit value index, and Board of Custkms national currency quarterly indexes

National classification: Exports by industrial origin

COMTRADE Q' Values: a/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.3

Iceland Annual and Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data UN Q'

In annual COMTRADE d/ Unit value index, and US dollars quarterly indexes

COMTRADE d/ Values: s/ Manufactured SITC, Rev.3 goods, SITC 5-8

Norway Annual and Index: Manufactured Paasche 1988 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data goods

In annual UN MBS Includes:. SITC 9 and questionnaire quarterly Excludes: ships and oil indexes platforms


-78-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a./, k/


Or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year c/ fication

Norway COMTRADE d/ Values: a/ Manufactured SITC, Rev.3 (cont'd.) goods, SITC 5-8

Sweden Annual and Index: Manufactured Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data goods

In annual UN MBS Price index, and questionnaire national currency quarterly indexes

COMTRADE d/ Values: a/ Manufactured SITC, Rev.3 goods, SITC 5-8

Switzer- Annual and land quarterly data

In annual La Vie and iiWl?&d, quarterly indexes Dhpartment

fed&al de l'iconomie publique

Inde9: Current weighted average calculated by UN from indexes published for the following subgroups:

Matieres premieres,

Produits mi-fabriqu6s

Biens d'&quipement

Autres biens non- durables

Biens de consommation durables

Paasche 1970 National classi-

(Indexes fication f/ for the indicated subgroups are computed according to the Fisher formula)


-79-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value,, quantum indexes and values a/, b/



Switzer- As above Weiahts for above land determined by current (cont'd.) national currency

values of exports of the same commodity groups


SITC, Rev.3

Other EUrODe

Malta Annual and Index: Current weighted Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.1 quarterly data average calculated by

the UN from indexes for each of SITC sects. 5-8

. . In annual Trade Statzstics , Unit value index, and Central Office national currency quarterly of Statistics indexes Domestic exports

As above Weiahts are determined by the current national currency values of exports of the same SITC sections

CmTRADE d/ Values: a/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.1

-8O-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/. B/



Other develowed economies

Australia Monthly data Index: Chemicals and Laspeyres manufactured exports

In annual Annual and quar- and terly indexes Price index, quarterly are calculated national currency indexes by UN as

averages of monthly indexes

. Exwort Price Index, Australia, Australian Bureau of Statistics


Year Australian ended Export June Commodity 1975 Classi-

fication

(sects. 5, 6, 7 & 8)

SITC, Rev.3

Israel Annual and Index: Manufactured Fisher Prev- SITC, Rev.2 quarterly data goods ious

year

In annual Unit value index, and UN MBS US dollars quarterly questionnaire indexes

Annual data: Values: e./ Manufactured SITC, Rev.3 COMTRADE d/ goods, SITC, 5-8

Quarterly data: Values: a/ Manufactured SITC, Rev.3 UN MBS goods questionnaire

-81-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, 41



Japan Annual and Index: Manufactured Fisher monthly data goods

In annual Quarterly Unit value index, and indexes are national currency quarterly calculated by indexes UN as averages

of monthly indexes


COMTRADE d/ Values: e/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

1985 Commodity Classifi- cation for Foreign Trade Statistics

SITC, Rev.3

New Quarterly data Index: Manufactured Zealand goods

In annual Annual indexes Price index, national and are calculated currency quarterly by UN as indexes averages of

quarterly indexes



Fisher Year HS ended June 1989

SITC, Rev.3

-82-



or and source-of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year 5;/ fication

South Annual and index: Correct weighted Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.1 Africa monthly data average calculated by

the UN from indexes for each of SITC

In annual Quarterly sects. 5-8 and indexes are quarterly calculated by UN Unit value index, indexes as averages of national currency

monthly indexes

. Bulletin of Statisticx,

.Central Statistical Services

As above H&&&R are determined by the current national currency values of exports of the same SITC sections

As above Vm: a/ Calculated by UN as the sum of the national currency values of exports of SITC sects. 5-8 and converted in US dollars

SITC, Rev.1

Develosing economies

Argentina Annual data Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.2 the UN g/

In annual COMTRADE d/ index only

COMTRADE d/



SITC, Rev.2

-83-



or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data Index year G/ fication

Brazil Annual data

In annual COMTRADE d/ and quarterly COMTRADE d/ indexes

Monthly data

Quarterly indexes are calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes

Coniunctura econGmica Institute‘ Brasileiro de Economica Funda9ao Getulio Vargas

UN MBS, Values: a/ Estimated table 46: as 38 per cent of "Total imports total exports (average and exports, share of manufactured by regions and goods exports in total countries or exports for the years areas" 1972-1981)

Index: Calculated by UN 91



Index: Inds. de transforma9bo

Price index, US dollars

Paasche 1980 SITC Revised

SITC Revised

Not known 1977 National classification f/

-84-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values 31, h/


or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year G:/ fication

Chile Annual and Index: Copper (72% of f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data manufactured goods

exports in 1980)

In annual International Wholesale price index and Financial US dollars quarterly Statistics indexes Internatioial

Monetary Fund

UN MBS, Values: R/ Estimated table 46: as 61 per cent of total "Total imports exports (share of and exports, manufactured goods by regions and exports in total countries or exports in 1980) areas"

China h/

Hong Kong Annuai and Index: Manufactured quarterly data goods

In annual Special dispatch Unit value index, and to UN national currency quarterly indexes Domestic exports

Laspeyres 1981 Hong Kong Imports and and Exports Classifi- cation List

Bong Kong Values: a/ Calculated SITC, Rev.2 Monthlv Diaest by UN as the sum of the of Statistics, national currency Census and values of domestic Statistics exports of SITC Department sects. 5-8 and

converted into US dollars

Indonesia Annual data Index: Calculated by UN st'

Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.2


COMTRADE d/



SITC, Rev.2

-85-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, b/


or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year p/ fication

India Monthly data Index: Current weighted Paasche average calculated by

In annual Annual and UN from indexes for each index quarterly of SITC sects. 5-8 only indexes are

calculated by Unit value index, UN as averages national currency of monthly indexes

Year Indian ended Trade March Classifi- 1979 cation,

Rev.2 (adapted from SITC, Rev.2)

Honthlv Abstract Statistics, Central Statistical Organisation

As above Weiahtg are determined by the current national currency values of exports of the same SITC sections


SITC, Rev.2

Korea, Annual and Republic monthly data of

Quarterly In annual indexes are and calculated by quarterly UN as averages indexes of monthly

indexes

Monthlv . . Statistical

Bulletin, Bank of Korea

Index: Base period weighted average calculated by UN of indexes for the following commodities:

Textile apparel and leather products

Wood and wood products

Paper and paper products

Laspeyres 1985 National classification f/

-86-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, k/



Korea, Non-metallic mineral Republic products of (cont'd.) Basic metal products

Metal products, machinery and equipment

Other manufactured products


As above . &q&fs for above determined by the base period US dollar values of exports of the same commodity groups

COMTRADE a/ Values: a/ Manufactured goods, SfTC 5-8

SITC, Rev.2

Malaysia Annual and (Penin- quarterly data sula)

In annual Monthlv index .

Cd

only . Bulletin

Statistics

As' above

Index: Current weighted average calculated by UN from indexes for each of SITC sects. 5-8


Ww are determined by current national currency,values of exports of the same SITC sections


(Indexes for each SITC section are calculated according to the Laspeyres formula)

&Q&: *The latest available data for these series are for the year 1987

-87-



or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year c:/ fication

Malaysia (Penin- sula) (cont'd.)

The Department of Statistics is currently compiling a producer price index series with both import and export sub-components. The series will be 1988 based and is expected to be published in 1991

COMTRADE 8/ Values: a/ Manufactured goods SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.2

Mexico Annual data Index: Industria Manufacturera

Paasche 1980 g/

In annual Sommercio index Exterior de only * . and

. ma de Cuentag

. les de MeKiCOl Instituto National de Estadistica, Geografia e Informatica

Includes: food, beverage, tobacco and oil manufactures

Calculated by UN as the ratio of national currency exports of Industria Manufacturera in current prices and those in 1970 prices

Implicit price deflator, national currency

COMTRADE d/ Values: 8/ Manufactured SITC goods, SITC 5-8 Revised

-88-



or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year c./ fication

Pakistan Quarterly data

In annual Annual indexes and calculated by quarterly UN as averages indexes of quarterly

indexes


COMTRADE d/

Index: Manufactured goods


The index is used with base 1980/1981=100 because of.insufficient data to link the current series to the previous, 1974/75-based, series

Values: d/ Manufactured SITC goods, SITC 5-8 Revised

Laspeyres Year Pakistan ended Standard June Trade 1981 Classifi-

cation, Rev.3 (adapted from SITC, Rev.3)

Peru Annual and Index: Current weighted Paasche 1985 quarterly data average calculated by

UN from indexes for In annual International copper, silver, zinc and Financial and lead (58% of quarterly Statistics

Internatioial manufactured goods

indexes exports in 1980) Monetary Fund


As above Weights are determined by the current US dollar value of exports of the same components

Values: 41 Estimated as UN MBS table 46: 40 per cent of total "Total imports exports (share of and exports by manufactured goods region and exports in total countries or exports in 1980) areas"

f/

-89-

Annex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values n/, h/


or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year c:/ fication

Philip- Annual data Index: For 1981 and pines 1982 calculated by UN g/

In annual COMTRADE d/ For 1982 and subsequent index years those provided only UN MBS in the UN MBS

questionnaire questionnaire cannot be used because of the lack of data for 1980. The annual percentage movement in the indexes supplied on the MBS questionnaire from 1982 onwards are applied to the 1982 index computed from COMTRADE d/ to give an estimate of the index in successive years

Estimated 1980 COMTRADE d/ Paasche indexes:

SITC, Rev.2

National indexes: Philippine Standard Trade Classifi- cation


CCIMTRADEd/ Values: a/ Manufactured SITC, Rev.2 goods, SITC 5-8

Singapore Annual and monthly data

In annual Quarterly and indexes quarterly calculated by indexes UN as averages

of monthly indexes

iLX.U&X: Current weighted Paasehe average calculated by UN from indexes for (Indexes each of SITC sects. 5-8 for each

SITC Price index, national section currency are

calculated according to the Laspeyres formula)

1985 Singapore Standard Trade Classifi- cation (adapted from SITC, Rev.2

-9o-




Singapore Monthlv Diaest (cont'd.) of Statistics,

Department of Statistics

As above Weiuhb are determined by the current national currency values of exports of the same SITC sections


SITC, Rev.2

Thailand Annual and Index: Current weighted Paasche 1980 f/ quarterly data index calculated by

UN from value and In annual guatterlv quantity data for the and Bulletin quarterly Bank of Thailand

following commodities:

indexes Tin

Tungsten

Fluorite

Iron and steel tubes

Leather gloves

Artificial flowers

Wall and floor tiles

Integrated circuits


&mex V (cont'd). Manufactured goods exports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values n/, b/


Or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year jz/ fication

: _- :. :

Thailand As above Weights for above are (cont'd.) determined by the

current national currency values of exports of the same commodities

COMTRADE fi/ Values: a/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.2

Trinidad Annual and Index: Current'weighted Paasche 1984 SITC, Rev.2 and quarterly data average calculated by Tobago UN from indexes for (Indexes

each of SITC sects. 5-8 for each In annual wterlv SITC index Economic8 Unit value index, section only Central national currency 'are

Statistical calculated Office Domestic exports according

to the Laspeyres formula)

As above Weiuhts are determined by the current national currency values of exports of the same SITC sections.

SITC, Rev.2

CCXIRADEB/ Values: d/ Manufactured SITC, Rev.2 goods, SITC 5-8

Tunisia Annual data Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.2 UN 91

In annual COMTRADE ~$1 Unit value index, index US dollars only

CCMTRADEa/ values: a/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.2

-92-



or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data export value data index year ~21 fication

Turkey Annual data Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC UN 8' Revised


COMTRADE a/


Value: a/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC Revised

Yugosla- Annual data Inderr: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 via UN 91

In annual COMTRADE a/ index only

COMTRADE d/


Value: le/ Manufactured goods, SITC 5-8

SITC, Rev.3

Zambia Annual and Index: Copper (98% of Paasche 1985 f/ quarterly data manufactured goods

exports in 1980)

In annual Jnternationu Unit value index, and . . inanclal national currency quarterly Statistics indexes Internatioial

Monetary Fund Values: a./ Estimated from those of copper exports which approximate 90 per cent of all manufactured goods exports

-93-

Annex VI

FUEL IMPORTS: CURRENT SOURCES AND DESCRIPTION OF UNIT VALUE, QUANTUM INDEXES AND VALUES a/, h/


Name or description Country Periodicity of import index and Current

or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data import value data index year E/ fication

America

Canada Annual and &a&~: Fuels Paasche 1981 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data

Price index, national currency

Special dispatch to United Nations

COMTRADE fi/ Values: a/ Fuels, SITC 3

SITC, Rev.3

USA Annual and Index: Combined Fisher June SITC, Rev.2 quarterly data petroleum products 1977

Unit value index

For indexes up to the second quarter 1989:

&&xQE, Foreign Trade Division, Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census

For indexes Index: Fuels and after the second related products quarter 1989: NewS, Department Price index of Labor, Bureau of Labor Linked to above Statistics series at 1988

(annual)

Modified 1985 SITC, Rev.2 Laspeyres

-94-

Annex VI (cont'd). Fuel imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, W


or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data import value data index year E/ f ication

USA COMTRADE d/ Values: a/ Fuels, SITC, Rev.3 (cont'd.) SITC 3

. FuroDean Economic CommwuLy

Belgium- Annual and Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 Luxem- quarterly data UN 81 bourg

Unit value index, COMTRADEd/ US dollars

COMTRADE d/ Values: a/ Fuels, SITC 3

SITC, Rev.3

Denmark Annual and Index: Braendsels- Fisher 1985 National quarterly data stoffer smorestoffer Classifi-

og elektrisk strom cation: Imports by . Ydenrm I Unit value index, end-use

Danmarks national currency Statistik

COMTRADE d/ Values: d/ Fuels, SITC, Rev.3 SITC 3

France Annual and Index: Produits Paasche 1980 Nomencla- monthly data inergitiques ture

Quarterly Excluding: Glectricitd d'activi- indexes are tis et de calculated by Unit value index, produits UN as averages national currency of monthly indexes

. Bulletin Mensuel detatistiuue Institut Natioial de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques

-95-

Annex VI (cont'd). Fuel imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, b/


or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data import value data index year cl fication

France COMTRADE a/ Value&: e/ Fuels6 SITC, Rev.3 (cont'd.) SITC 3

Germany, Federal Republic of

Annual and Index: Fuels monthly data

Unit value index, Quarterly national currency indexes are calculated by UN as averages of monthly ' indexes

Paasche 1980

UN MBS questionnaire

COMTRADE a/ Values: a/ Fuels, SITC 3

SITC, Rev.3

SITC, Rev.3

Greece Annual and Index: Fuels monthly data

Unit value index, Quarterly national currency indexes are calculated by UN as averages

.- of monthly . indexes

.'_ .'_ UN MBS questionnaire


.-

_'_. _.


SITC, Rev.3

Ireland Annual and Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data UN g'

Unit value index, CQMTRADE fi/ US dollars

-96-

Annex VI (cont'd). Fuel imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, b/



Ireland : COMTRADE d/ Values: le/ Fuels, SITC, Rev.3 (cont'd.) SITC 3

Italy. Annual and monthly data


Statistica de1 . Commercxo Co n , ero

Instituti Centrale di Statistica

As above

COMTRADE a/

Index: Current weighted average calculated by UN from indexes published for the following subgroups: Legna da ardere, carbone e oli grecci di petrolio

Distillati de carbone e degli oli grecci di petrolio


Ykkig.. for above are determined by the current national currency values of imports of the same commodity groups

Valua: ft/ Fuels, SITC 3

Paasche 1980 SITC Revised

(indexes for Broad indicated Economic subgroups Categories are computed according to the Fisher formula)

SITC, Rev.3

Nether- Annual and Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 lands quarterly data UN g/

COMTRADE a/ Unit value index, US dollars

COMTRADE d/ Values: a/ Fuels, SITC, Rev.3 SITC 3

-97-

wx VI (cont’a). Fuel imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values B/, k/



Portugal Annual and Iadex: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.2 quarterly data UN w

COMTRADE d/ Unit value index, US dollars


SITC, Rev.3

Spain Annual and Ind;?x: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data UN 81



SITC, Rev.3

United Annual and Index: Fuels Laspeyres 1985 SITC, Rev.3 Kingdom monthly data

Unit value index, Quarterly national currency indexes are calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes


COMTRADE d/ Valuea: s/ Fuels, SITC 3

SITC, Rev.3

Eurooean Free T . . rade BssociatiQg

Austria For indexes up Index: Fuels Fisher 1979 SITC f/ to 1987 inclusive: Annual Unit value index, and monthly data national currency

-98-

Jmnex VI (cont'd). Fuel imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values ~1, b/


or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data import value data index year ~1 fication

Austria Quarterly indexes (cont'd.) are calculated by

UN as averages of monthly indexes


Index for 1988: Index: Calculated by Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.2 Annual data UN 91


Note: The index is used to link those for the preceding and following years

For indexes Index: Fuels beginning 1989: Annual and Unit value index, quarterly data national currency



COMTRADE fi/ Values: a/ Fuels, SITC 3

SITC, Rev.3

Finland Annual and Index: Fuels Laspeyres 1980 National quarterly data Classifi-

Unit value index, cation: Foreign Trade Board of Custims

national currency Imports by end-use

COMTRADE d/ Values: a/ Fuels, SITC, Rev.3 SITC 3

-99-

Annex VI (cont'd). Fuel imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, B/

Name or description Country Periodicity of import index and' Current

or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data import value data index year c:/ fication

Iceland Annual data iEJ&SL: Current Paasche 1975 CCCN weighted index calcu-

Kxternal Trade, lated by UN from value Statistical and quantity data for Bureau of the following Iceland commodities:

Glj6kol

Kogs og h&lfkoks ur steinkolm, gaskoks KoltjGrubik og annad jardtj6rubik

Bikkoks

Flug&labensin

Annad bensin en flugvelabensin

Steinolia, hreinsud til lj6sa (kerosin)

Potueldsneyti (jet fuel)

bakkbensin (white Spirit) spirit

Brennsluoliur

Smurolia og smurfeiti

Rydvarnarefni og rydolia

Annad i nr 27.10

Flj6tandi pr6pan og butan i 1 kg umbudum og staerri

Annad flojtandi prop&n og butan

-lOO-

Annex VI (cont'd). Fuel imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values 81, P/


or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data import value data index year 91 fication

Iceland Parrafin og vax af (cont'd.) minerijlskum uppruna

Annad i nr 27.14 (jar- doliubitumen O.fl)

Bit&nenenbl&dur

Smurefni

Unit value index

National currency

Quarterly indexes are estimated by UN on the basis of trends in available quarterly indexes for other countries in the region

As above #eights for above determined by the current national currency values of imports of the same commodities

COMTRADE 31 Values: f?/ Fuels, SITC 3

SITC, Rev.3

Norway Annual and Index: Fuels Paasche 1988 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data




SITC, Rev.3

-lOl-

Annex). Fuel imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, k/


or and source of description of Type of base Classi- area basic data import value data index year ~1 fication

Sweden Annual and -Index: Fuels Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data



CCMTRADEd/ YQues: a/ Fuels, SITC, Rev.3 SITC 3

Switxer- Annual and Tndex : Energie, Fisher land quarterly data lubrifiants

La m., Dipartement fidiral de l'iconomie publique


CUMTRADEd/ Val-: a/ Fuels, SITC 3

1970 National Classifi- cation 61

SITC, Rev.3

Malta Annual and Jndex: Fuels Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.1 quarterly data

Unit value index, UN MBS question- national currency naire

COMTRADE 41 Values: s/ Fuels, SITC, Rev.3 SITC 3

-102-

Annex VI (cont'8). Fuel imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values 81, h/



. Pther develooed economies

Australia Monthly data Index: Mineral fuels Laspeyres Year Australian lubricants and related ended Import

Quarterly and materials June Commodity annual indexes 1982 Classifi- are calculated Price index, cation by UN as national currency (Section 3) averages of monthly indexes

JmDort Price lh!&& Australia, Australian Bureau of Statistics


SITC, Rev.3

Israel Annual and Index: Fuels Fisher Previous SITC, Rev.2 quarterly data year

UN MBS question- Unit value index, naire US dollars

Annual data: Values: B/ Fuels, COMTRADE d/ SITC 3

SITC, Rev.3

Quarterly data: Values: b/ Fuels SITC, Rev.3 UN MBS questionnaire

-103-

Annex VI (cont'd). Fuel imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, B/



Japan Annual and Index: Fuels monthly data


Fisher 1985 Commodity Classifi- cation for Foreign Trade Statistics


COMTRAUE@ Vu: a/ Fuels, SITC, Rev.3 SITC 3

New Quarterly data Zealand

Annual indexes are calculated by UN as averages of quarterly indexes

CCMTRAUEd/


Index: Mineral fuels, Fisher Year HS lubricants and related ended materials June

1989 Price index, national currency

Values: a/ Fuels. SITC 3

SITC, Rev.3

South Annual and IndeK: Not available; Not 1980 Not Africa quarterly data applicable applicable

estimated by UN based on world trends in fuel prices

Values: a/ Not available: estimated by UN

Not applicable

-104-

Annex VII

TOTAL EXPORTS AND IMPORTS: CURRENT SOURCES AND DESCRIPTIOC: OF UNIT VALUE, QUANTUM INDEXES AND VALUES z&ii/, b/


Country Periodicity Current or and source of Name or description Type of base Classi-

area index data of indexes index year G./ fication

Develooed economies: exoorts and imports

North America

Canada Annual and For exports and imports: Paasche 1981 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data total index

price indexes, Special dispatch national currency to UN

USA Annual and For exports and imports: Fisher June SITC, Rev.2 quarterly data total

For indexes up Unit value indexes, to the second domestic imports quarter 1989:

Y.S. Imoort/ EXDOrt Unit Value Indexes Foreign Trade' Division, Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census

For indexes For imports and exports: after the second All commodities quarter 1989: price indexes

Modified 1985 SITC, Rev.2 Laspeyres

NeWs, Department Linked to above series of Labor, Bureau at 1988 (annual) of Labor Statistics

-105-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values B/, h/


area index data of indexes index year c/ fication

Eurooe

Belgium- Annual and For exports and imports: Paasche 1980 Luxem- monthly data all commodities bourg

Quarterly Unit value indexes, indexes are national currency calculated by UN as averages Note: These indexes of monthly were last supplied for indexes 1987


Denmark Annual and monthly data



For exports and imports: Fisher 1985 National all commodities Classifi-

cation: Unit value indexes, exports by national currency industrial

origin: imports by end-use

France Annual and monthly data


:: :: :. :

For exports and imports: Paasche 1980 Nomencla- ensemble, tous pays ture

d'activiths Excludes: et de Electricit& produits Matiriels militaire,

Qlectronique, ferroviaire

-106-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values 31, h/

--


area index data of indexes index year c./ fication

France Instruments et (cont'd,) matiriel'de

precision

. Bulletin me nsuel Constructions aeronau-

. de statzst icrue, tique et navale Institut National de la Machines-outils Statistique et des Etudes Unit value indexes Economiques National currency

Germany, Annual and For exports and imports: Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 Federal monthly data all commodities Republic of

Quarterly Unit value indexes, indexes are national currency calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes


Greece Annual and For exports and imports: Paasche 1982 SITC, Rev.2 monthly data all commodities



-107-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values 31, 41


area index data of indexes index year G./ fication

Ireland Annual and For exports and imports: Annual: 1985 SITC, Rev.3 monthly data all commodities Fisher

Quarterly Unit value indexes, Monthly: indexes are national currency Laspeyres calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes


Italy Annual and For exports and imports: Fisher 1980 SITC monthly data all commodities Revised



Nether- Annual and lands monthly data


For exports and imports: Fisher 1985 National all commodities Classifi-

cation: Unit value indexes, exports by national currency industrial

origin: imports by end-use


-108-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current scurces and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, B/



Portugal Annual and For exports and imports: Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data calculated by UN g/

COMTRADE d/ Unit value indexes, US dollars

Spain Annual and For exports: Precios Paasche 1985 r/ monthly data exportaciones total

Quarterly For imports: Precios indexes are importaciones total calculated by UN as averages Unit value indexes, of monthly national currency indexes


United Annual and For exports and imports: Laspeyres 1985 SITC, Rev.3 Kingdom monthly data all commodities



EUrODean Free Trade Association

Austria For indexes up For exports and imports: Fisher 1979 SITC f/ to 1987 all commodities inclusive: annual and Unit value indexes, monthly data national currency

-109-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values 31, p/


area index data of indexes index year E/ fication

Austria Quarterly (cont'd.) indexes are

calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes


Indexes for 1988: annual data

For indexes beginning 1989: annual and quarterly data


Chained to the annual Not index for 1987 by a applic- factor supplied by the able national statistical, office

lJC&!2: This index is used to link those of the preceding and following years

For exports and imports: Paasche all commodities


Not Not applic- applic- able able

1988 SITC, Rev.3

Finland Annual and quarterly data

UN MBS question naire

For exports and imports: Laspeyres 1980 National all commodities Classifi-

cation: Unit value indexes, exports by national currency industries

origin; imports by use of goods

-llO-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, 8/



Iceland Annual data For exports: f.o.b. 41 1935 f/ exports

External trade, For imports: c.i.f. Statistical imports Bureau of Iceland Price indexes,

national currency


Norway Annual and For exports and imports: Paasche 1988 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data all commodities

UN MBS question- Excludes: ships and oil naire platforms

Unit value indexes, national currency

Sweden Annual and For exports and imports: Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.3 quarterly data all commodities

UN MBS question- Price indexes, naire national currency

Switzer- For indexes up For exports and imports: Fisher 1970 National land to 1987 inclu- all commodities Classifi

sive: cation f/ annual and Unit value indexes, monthly data national currency

-ill-

-VII. A Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, h/


area index data of indexes index year j=/ fication

Switxer- Quarterly land indexes are (cont'd.) calculated by

UN as averages of monthly indexes


Index for 1988: For exports and imports: Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.2 annual data calculated by UN g/

COMTRADE d/ Unit value indexes, US dollars

NQU: This index is used to link those of the preceding and following years

For indexes For exports and imports: f/ 1988 f/ beginning 1989: total annual and quarterly data Unit value indexes,

national currency

. Bulletln Mensuel, Banque National Suisse

Other Europe

Malta Annual and For exports and imports: Paasche 1980 SITC quarterly data all commodities Revised

UN MBS question- Unit value indexes, naire national currency

-112-

Annex). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, B/



Africa

South Annual and Africa monthly data


UN MBS questionnaire (irregular)

and

Bulletin of Statistics, Central Statistical Services (irregular)

For exports and imports: Paasche 1980 SITC all commodities Revised

Unit value indexes, national currency

For exports: Paasche 1980 SITC merchandise only unit Revised value', national currency

For imports: unit value, national currency

Asia

Israel Annual and For exports and imports: Fisher Pre- SITC, Rev.2 quarterly data all commodities vious

year

UN MBS Unit value indexes, questionnaire US dollars

Japan Annual and monthly data


For exports and imports: Fisher 1985 Commodity all commodities Classifi-

cation Unit value indexes, for national currency Foreign

Trade Statistics

-113-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, b/



Japan UN MBS (cont'd.) questionnaire

. Dceanaa

Australia Quarterly data

Annual indexes are calculated by UN as averages of quarterly indexes

Imvort Price Index, . Australia Australia: Bureau of Statistics

Monthly data

Annual and quarterly indexes are calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes

. Bxvo t Price &I!&# Australia, Australian Bureau of Statistics

For imports: all Laspeyres Year Australian groups ended Import

June Commodity Price index, national 1982 Classifi- currency cation

For exports: all groups Laspeyres Year 'Australian ended Export

Price index, national June Commodity currency 1975 Classifi-

cation

-114-

Annex VII (cont’d). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values 31, h/



New Quarterly data For exports and imports: Fisher Year HS Zealand all commodities ended

Annual indexes June are calculated Price indexes, national 1989 by UN as currency averages of quarterly indexes


Develowina economies: exworts onlv

Africa

Algeria Annual and Crude petroleum f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data


Burundi Annual and Coffee f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

IFS Price index, national currency

Cameroon Annual and Constructed by UN from Paasche 1985 f/ quarterly data indexes for cocoa beans,

coffee and wood exports i/


CGte Annual and Constructed by UN from Paasche 1985 f/ d'Ivoire quarterly data indexes for coffee and

cocoa beans exports j/


-115-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, B/



Wmt Annual and Constructed by UN from Paasche 1985 f/ quarterly data indexes for crude

IFS petroleum and cotton exports i/


Ghana Annual and Cocoa beans f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

IFS Unit value index, national currency

Kenya Annual and quarterly data

Annual data:

Economic Survev, Experts Price Index, Modified 1982 SITC f/ Central Bureau national currency Laspeyres of Statistics

and

Quarterly data: Constructed by UN from Paasche 1985 f/ IFS indexes for coffee and

tea exports i/


Series linked at the latest available year

Libyan Arab Jama- hiriya

Annual and Crude petroleum f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

IFS Price index, US dollars

-116-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values~&, 41


area index data of indexes index year s/ fication

Malawi Annual and Domestic exports Laspeyres 1980 CCCN quarterly data

Unit value index, Monthlv national currency Statistical Bulletin, National Statistical Office

Mauritius Annual and Sugar f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data


Morocco Annual and Constructed by UN from Paasche 1985 f/ quarterly data indexes for phosphates

LES' and oranges exports j/


Nigeria Annual and Crude petroleum f/ 1980 61 quarterly data

IFS Price index, US dollars

Rwanda Annual and Exports f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data


Sudan Annual and Cotton f/ 1985 61 quarterly data


-117-

Annex VII (coat'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, b/



Togo Annual and Constructed by UN from Paasche 1985 f/ quarterly data indexes for phosphates,

IFS cocoa beans and coffee exports i/


Tunisia Annual and Ensemble quarterly data

Unit value index, Bulletin Mensuel national currency de Statisticrue, Institut National de la Statistique

1981 f/

Uganda Annual and Coffee f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

IFS Wholesale price index, (New York), US dollars

Zaire Annual and Copper f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

IFS Wholesale price index, national currency

Zambia Annual and Copper Paasche 1985 f/ quarterly data

La Unit value index, national currency

-118-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, b/


area index data of indexes index year ~1 fication

Zimbabwe Annual and Exports Fisher 1980 SITC f/ monthly data

Unit value index, Quarterly national currency indexes are calculated by UN as average of monthly indexes

Quarterly . t of

Statistics Central Statistical Office

Middle East

Cyprus Annual and monthly data


Imoorts and Fxworts Statistica, Department of Statistics and Research

Exports Paasche 1973 SITC, Rev.2


l!!!LtB: The latest available data for this series is for the year 1987. The Department of Statistics and Research is currently compiling a new series based on the HS, with 1989 as the base year

Iraq Annual and Crude petroleum quarterly data

1Es Price index, US dollars

f/ 1985 f/

-119-



area index data of indexes index year c./ fication

Iran Annual and Crude petroleum f/ 1985 f/ (Islamic quarterly data Republic Price index, US dollars of)

Jordan Annual and Total exports f/ 1985 SITC 61 quarterly data

Unit value index, Moathlv national currency

. . Statistxal . Bulletin Central Lank of Jordan

Kuwait Annual and Crude petroleum f/ 1985 61 quarterly data

lfFS Export price index, US dollars

Onan Annual and Crude petroleum f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

Export price index, US dollars

Qatar Annual and Crude petroleum f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

Export price index, US dollars

Saudi Annual and Crude petroleum f/ 1985 f/ Arabia quarterly data

IFS Export price index, US dollars

-120-




Syrian Annual data Exports Paasche 1980 SITC, Rev.2 Arab Republic . . Statist ca

Abstrac:. 1 Unit value index,

national currency Central Bureau of Statistics Quarterly

indexes are estimated by UN on the basis of trends in available quarterly indexes for other countries in the region

Turkey Annual data

For data up to 1984: Monthlv Wetin o+f . . Statlstacs State Institute of Statistics

For data after 1984: COMTRADE

Exports Paasche


Calculated by UN g/ Paasche


Linked to above series at 1984


1973 Nomencla- ture for the Classifi- cation of Goods in Customs Tarrifs, as Sub- divided

1980 SITC, Rev.2

-121-

Annex VII (coat'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, b/

Country Periodicity Current or and source of Name'or description Type of base Classi-

area index data of indexes index year s/ fication

United Annual and Crude petroleum f/ 1985 f/ Arab quarterly data Emirates Export price index,

US dollars

Qther Asia

Bangladesh Monthly data Exports Modified Year Bangladesh Laspeyres ended Standard

Annual and Unit value index, June Classifi- quarterly national currency 1977 cation indexes (adapted calculated by from SITC, UN as averages Rev.2) of monthly indexes


China k/

Hong Kong Annual and Domestic exports Laspeyres 1981 Hong Kong monthly data Imports

Unit value index, and Quarterly national currency Exports indexes are Classifi- calculated by cation UN as averages List of monthly indexes

Monthlv Diae Qf Statistic&

Census and Statistics Department

-122-

'Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a/, P/



India Monthly data General index Paasche Year Indian ended Trade

Annual and 'Unit value index, March Classifi- quarterly national currency 1979 cation, indexes are Rev.2 calculated by (adapted UN as averages from of monthly SITC indexes Rev.2)

Monthlv Abstract of Statistics, Central Statistical Organisation

fndonesia Annual and Exports Fisher 1985 f/ quarterly data

XES Unit value index, US dollars

Korea, Annual and Exports Paasche 1985 Standard Republic of quarterly data Korean

Unit value index, Trade Monthlv US dollars Statistical Classifi- Bulletin, Bank cation, of Korea Rev.8

(adapted from SITC, Rev.3)

-.

Malaysia Annual and All exports f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

ms Unit value index, national currency

-123-



area index data of indexes index year G/ fication

Myanmar Annual and Exports Laspeyres 1985 f/ quarterly data


Pakistan Quarterly data All commodities Laspeyres Year SITC f/ ended

Annual indexes Unit value index, June are calculated national currency 1981 by UN as averages of The index is used with quarterly base 1980/81=100 because indexes of insufficient data to

link the current series UN MBS with the previous, questionnaire 1974/75 based, series

Philippines Monthly data

Annual and quarterly indexes are calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes


All commodities


Laspeyres 1985 Philippine Standard Commodity Classifi- cation

Singapore Annual and quarterly data

Monthlv t of .

Statist its, Department of Statistics

All items Laspeyres 1985


Singapore Standard Trade Classifi- cation (adapted from SITC, Rev.2)

-124-




Sri Lanka Annual data All exports f/ 1981 BTN

Central Bank Price index, national of Sri Lanka currency Bulletin, Central Bank Quarterly indexes are of Sri Lanka estimated by the UN on

the basis of trends in available quarterly indexes for other countries in the region

Thailand Annual and All commodities Laspeyres 1985 monthly data



f/

America

Bolivia Annual and quarterly data

Exports

Unit value index, US dollars j

f / 1985 f /

Brazil Annual and Geral f/ 1977 National monthly data Classifi-

Price index, US dollars cation f/ Quarterly indexes are calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes

-125-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values a./, B/



Brazil Coniunctura (cont'd.) econamica

Instituto' Brasileiro de Economia Fundacao Getulio Vargas

Chile Annual and quarterly data

mz

Copper

Whole sale price, US dollars

f/ 1985 f/

Colombia Annual and Exports it/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

IFS Price index, national currency

Costa Rica Annual and Constructed by UN from Paasche 1985 f/ quarterly data indexes for coffee,

us bananas and beef exports i/


Dominican Annual and Exports $1 1972 f/ Republic quarterly data

Price index, US dollars Boletin Mensual l

Banco Central de la Republica Dominicana

Ecuador Annual and Exports f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

Es Price index, US dollars

-126-




El Salvador Annual and Exports f/ 1980 f/ quarterly data

Es Unit value index, national currency

Guatemala Annual and Exports f/ 1970 f/ quarterly data

Unit value index, Boletin US dollars Fstadistico, Banco de Guatemala

Honduras Annual and Bananas f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

us Wholesale price index, national currency

Mexico Annual data Calculated by UN g/ f/ 1985 f/



Nicaragua Annual and Constructed from indexes f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data for cotton and coffee

exports i/


-127-

Annex VII (cont'd). Total exports and imports: current sources and description of unit value, quantum indexes and values 31, h/


area index data of indexes index year G/ fication

Panama Annual and Exports f/ 1985 61 quarterly data


Paraguay Annual and Exports f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data


Peru Annual and Exports f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data


Suriname Annual and Exports f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data


Trinidad Annual and Domestic exports Laspeyres 1984 SITC, Rev.2 and quarterly data Tobago Unit value index,

national currency Quarterlv . Fconomzc Reoort, Central Statistical Office

Venezuela Annual and Crude petroleum f/ 1985 f/ quarterly data

Wholesale price index, US dollars

-128-



area index data of indexes index year c:/ fication

Developing economies: imports onlv

Yugoslavia Annual and Exports: all Paasche Previous SITC quarterly data commodities year Revised

UN MBS Unit value index, questionnaire US dollars

Yugoslavia* Annual and Imports: All quarterly data commodities

UN MBS Unit value index, questionnaire US dollars

Paasche Previous SITC year Revised

* Import unit value index numbers are not collected for individual developing countries other than Yugoslavia. Regional-level index numbers, compiled by the International Monetary Fund for Africa, Asia, the Middle East and the Western Hemisphere, are used. They are combined with the series for Yugoslavia to produce the aggregate indexes for imports by developing market economies. Details are given in chapter III, section C, of the text.

-129-

Annex VIII

MACHINERY AND TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT: CURRENT SOURCES AND DESCRIPTION OF PRICE INDEXES a/, B/

(Notes and abbreviations used are explained at end of annex.)


area basic data of export index index year c/ fication

Germany, Monthly data Federal Republic of

Quarterly and annual indexes are calculated by IIN as averages of monthly indexes

Index:

3-diait SITC

Laspeyres 1985 National Classifi- cation f/

Verbrennungsmotoren mit Selbstzuendung (Diesel- motoren)

Personenkraftwagen

Geraete und Einrichtun- gen der Elektrizitaets- erzeugung und -umwandlung

undAusfuhr, Geraete und Einrichtun- Statistisches gen der Elektrizitaets- Bundesamt verteilung

Elektrische Geraete fuer Gewerbe und Haushalt

Others are base period weighted averages calculated by UN from indexes published for the following commodities:

Baumaschinen

Baustbff-, Keramik- und Glasmaschinen

Landmaschinen

Ackerschlepper

Maschinen fuer verwandte Gebiete der Nahrungs- mittelherstellung

-130-

Annex VIII (cont'd). Machinery and transport equipment: current sources and descriptions of price indexes a/, b/


area basic data of export index index year ~21 fication

Germany, Federal Republic of (cont'd.)

Maschinen und Einrich- tungen fuer den Bergbau

Krane, Hebezeuge und Foerdermittel

Papier- und Druckerei- maschinen

Textilmaschinen und deren Zubehoerteile

Naehmaschinen

Entladungslampen Rundfunk-, Fernseh-, phonotechnische Geraete und Einrichtungen u.ae.

Rundfunk- und Fernseh- empfangsgeraete

Elektromedieinische Geraete und Einrich- tungen

Metallbearbeitungs- maschinen

Giessereimaschinen

Schweissgeraete und - Maschinen

Kompressoren (Verdich- ter) und Vakuumpwnpen sowie Zubehoer, Einzel- und Ersatzteile

As above Weiahts are determined by the base period national currency values of exports of the same commodities

-131-

Annex VIII (cont'd). Machinery and transport equipment: current sources and descriptions of price indexes 31, 91


area basic data of export index index year c./ fication

Germany, As above 2-digit SITC Federal Republic Maschinenbauerzeugnisse of (einschl. Ackerschlep- (cont'd.) per)

Strassenfahrzeuge (ohne Ackerschlepper)

Elektrotechnische Erzeugnisse

I-diait SITC

Base period weighted average calculated by UN from indexes at the 2-digit level of SITC

CGMTRADE d/ Weights are determined by the base period US dollar values of exports at the 2-digit level of SITC

Price indexes, national currency

-132-




Japan Monthly data Indexes:

3-dioit SITC

Laspeyres 1985 National Classifi- cation f/

Quarterly and annual indexes are calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes

Price Indexes Monthly, Bank of Tokyo

Agricultural machinery

Metalworking machinery

Others are base period weighted averages calculated by UN from indexes published for the following commodities:

Plastic insulated wire

Power cable

Communication cable

Internal combustion engine for general use

Internal combustion engine for marine use

Excavator

Truck crane

Construction tractor

Electric machine tool

Transistor

Integrated circuits

Braun tube

Resistor for telecommunication

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Annex VIII (cont'd). Machinery and transport equipment: current sources and descriptions of price indexes a/, h/


area basic data of export index index year G/ fication

Japan (cont'd.)

Electrical measuring and controlling instru- ment

Dry cell

Passenger car

Bus

Truck

Small truck

Motorcycle

Pump for liquid

Air or gas compressor

Printing machine

Plastic working machine

Electronic calculating machine

Typewriter

Cash register

Household sewing machine

Industrial sewing machine

Ballbearing

Roller bearing

Metal valve

Electric motor

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Annex VIII (cont'd). Machinery and transport equipment: current sources and descriptions of price indexes 31, 41



Japan (cont'd.)

Switch

Rectifier

Color television

Radio

Amplifier

Microwave oven

Room air conditioner

Electric washing machine

Electric refrigerator

Artificial graphite electrode

As above Weights are determined by the base period national currency values of exports of the same commodities

l- and 2-digit SITC

Base period weighted averages calculated by UN from indexes calculated or provided at the 3 digit level

COMTRABE fi/ Weiuhts are determined by the base period US dollar values of exports at the 2 and 3 digit levels of the SITC respectively


-135-

Annex VIII (cont'd). Machinery and transport equipment: current sources and descriptions of price indexes a/, 41


area basic data of export index index year E/ fication

Sweden Monthly data

Quarterly and annual indexes are calculated by UN as averages of monthly indexes

Special dispatch to UN from Statistics Sweden

COMTRADE d/

Indexes:

Ldiait SITC

Telecommunication equipment

Motor vehicles (road)

. . t SITC

Non-electrical machinery

Electrical machinery and electrical materials

Transport equipment

l-diait SITC

Base period weighted average calculated by UN from indexes at the 2 digit level of SITC

W-s are determined by the base period US dollar values of exports at the 2-digit level of SITC


Laspeyres 1974 SITC, Rev.1

-136-

Annex VIII (cont'd). Machinery and transport equipment: current sources and descriptions of price indexes a/, h/


area basic data of export index index year s/ fication

USA Quarterly data

Annual indexes are calculated by UN as average6 of quarterly indexes

US Import and . Ihmort Price Indexes, us Bureau of Labor Statistic6

Indexes:

3-diait SITC

Laspeyres 1985 SITC, Rev.2

Power generating machinery and equipment

Textile and leather machinery and parts

Metalworking machinery

Office machine6 and ADP equipment Telecommunication, sound recording and repro- ducing equipment

Household appliances

Agricultural machinery and parts, n.e,s.

Civil engineering and contractors' plants and equipment and parts

Printing and bookbinding machinery and parts

Road vehicle6 and parts

Machinery specialized for particular industries

Heating and cooling equipment and parts

Pump6 for liquids and parts, n.e.s.

-137-

Annex VIII (cont'd). Machinery and transport equipment: current sources and descriptions of price indexes a/, B/



USA (cont'd.)

Pumps, compressors, blowers, centrifuges, filtering apparatus and parts

Mechanical handling equipment

Miscellaneous non- electric apparatus

Non-electric parts and accessories of machi- neryl n.e.6.

Rotating electric plants and parts

Electrical apparatus for making, breaking protecting circuits

Electronic components including integrated circuits, semi-conduc- tors and electronic crystal components

Miscellaneous electric equipment

l- and 2-diait SITC

Base period weighted averages calculated by UN from indexes at the 2- and 3-digit levels of the SITC respectively

-138-


Country Periodicity- Current or 1 and source of Name or description Type of base Classi-

area basic data of export index index year 91 fication

USA COMTRADE a/ (cont'd.)

Weights are determined by the base period US dollar values of exports at the 2- and.3-digit levels of SITC respectively

Price indexes, US dollars

.

-139-

Notes and abbreviations used in annexes V-VIII

a/ Table provides details of current practices only.

B/ Quantum indexes are derived by the Statistical Office of the United Nations Secretariat from each coutry's unit value index numbers and value data. Chapter I, section C, and chapter V give details.

E/ In many cases, index numbers are calculated by the national statistical offices with the previous year as the base period. For the purposes of comparison over time, they are then coverted to a single, fixed, base year using a chain index calculation. The base year shown in this column is that on which the indexes are currently published or supplied to the Statistical Office.

81 Computerized database maintained by the Statistical Office containing official trade data supplied by national authorities, which have been, where necessary, converted into United States dollars and classified according to SITC by the Statistical Office.

a/ Values are used to weigh the national unit value indexes to create aggregate indexes for regions, economic groups and "Total" and to derive all quantum indexes.

r/ Details are not currently available in the Statistical Office, but are being researched.

91 Index numbers calculated by the Statistical Office from the COMTRADE database are current-weighted Paasche-type indexes based on quantity and value data in terms of United States dollars for all available 4-digit SITC commodity subgroups traded by any country.

h/ Data are for Taiwan Province of China only. They are included in the annual and quarterly indexes. The index number data are annual and monthly, and quarterly indexes are calculated by the Statistical Office as averages of monthly indexes. Data are from the Monthly Statistics of EXDOrtS

and Imoorts issued by the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Finance.

The index numbers for manufactured goods exports are calculated by the Statistical Office from those Laspeyres-type unit value indexes published for "Manufacturing products", excluding those published for the subgroups "Processed food" and *'Beverages and tobacco products". Weights are determined by the current national currency value of exports of the same subgroups, collected from the above-mentioned publication. The national base year for the indexes is 1986, and the classification used is CCCN.

Quarterly values for manufactured goods exports are also collected from the above-mentioned publication. They are defined as the national currency value of "Manufacturing products" less the value of "Processed food" and "Beverages and tobacco products". (National currency/$US exchange rates are also collected from this publication.)

-140-

Notes (continued)

i/ The current values of total exports, in United States dollars, are used to weight corresponding unit value indexes and to derive the quantum indexes. They are published in the table "Total imports and exports by regions and countries or areas" ,in the External Trade section of the United Nations Honthlv Bulletin of Statistics. Data in this table are supplied by national authorities directly to the Statistical Office or taken from official national or international publications and converted into United States dollars using trade conversion factors described in chapter I, paragraph 37, of the text.

i/ Index numbers constructed by the Statistical Office from those for individual commodities published in International Financial Statistics are current-weighted Paasche-type indexes. The weights are determined by the current value of exports of each commodity included in the index. The indexes for each commodity are usually calculated by the International Monetary Fund, using value and quantity data: however the method of construction is generally not stated.

k/ Data are for Taiwan Province of China only. They are included in the annual and quarterly indexes. The index number data are annual, and monthly and quarterly indexes are calculated by the Statistical Office as averages of monthly indexes. Data are from the Monthly Statistics of Exports gmd Imports issued by the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Finance.

The index numbers refer to "Exports". They are Laspeyres-type unit value indexes, with base year 1986, calculated on the basis of data expressed in terms of national currency and classified according to the CCCN.

National currency/$US exchange rates are also collected from the above-mentioned publication.

-141-

Abbreviations

BTN: Brussels Tariff Nomenclature

CCCN : Customs Co-operation Council Nomenclature

HS: Harmonized commodity description and coding system

IFS: International Financial Statistics, monthly publication of the International Monetary Fund

UN MBS questionnaire: The questionnaire dispatched each month by the Statistical

Office requesting countries to supply current data to be published in forthcoming issues of the Monthly Bulletin of

- Statistics. Countries responding to the questionnaire usually supply revisions to figures for previous periods. For countries that do not supply revisions, national publications are periodically checked to ensure that the most up-to-date data are used in the calculations.

NIMEXE:

SITC: Standard International Trade Classification

UN: Statistical Office of the United Nations Secretariat

Nomenclature of goods for the external trade statistics of the European Economic Community and statistics of trade between Member States

91-24179 2586-873 (E) -142-

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