Methods of Block Working

8/14/2019 Methods of Block Working

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Basics of Signalling

Methods of Block Working


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Key Statistics

Route Kms : 63,028

Number of Stations : 6,853

Passenger Kms : 457,022m

Tonne Kms : 312,371m

Employees : 1,545.3m Revenue :Rs. 348,805m

Expenditure :Rs. 346,673m

Up-to 31.3.2001


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Systems of working

Chapter VII of GR describes the Systems of

working.

Systems of working: The Absolute Block System,

The Automatic Block System,

The Following Trains System,

The Pilot Guard System,

The Train-staff and Ticket System, and

The One Train Only System.


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Systems of working

The Following Trains System

Trains are despatched from one station to the next in

succession in the same direction on the same line, witha time interval

Station Master of next station will ensure that no train

leaves his station towards the station in rear until all

trains have reached his station and a fresh Direction of

Traffic has been esteblished

All trains should run at the same speed not exceeding

25 kmph


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Systems of working

The Pilot Guard System

Trains are piloted by the Pilot Guard who shall travel

on the foot plate of the EngineNo train shall leave a stationwithout the Pilot Guard


25 kmph and with a time interval of minimum 15

minutes


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Systems of working

The Train-Staff and Ticket System

Trains may be worked under this system between two

stations a single Train-Staff shall be kept at one of the stations

Train shall not start from a station unless the Train-

Staff has been handed over or shown to the driver

Driver must be in possession of either Train-Staff orTrain-Staff Ticket


25 kmph and with a time interval of minimum 15

minutes


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Systems of working

The One Train Only System

Trains may be worked under this system on short

terminal branch lines on single line Only one Train shall work in the section, at any time

If the train becomes disabled and requires assistance,

the same will be arranged by the Station Master of the

Base Station, after observing laid down precautions Guard of the disabled train will be responsible for safe

working till normal working is restored


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The Absolute Block System

Essentials:

No train shall leave a Block Station unless LC has

been received from Block Station in advance

On double line, such LC shall not be given unless

the last preceding train has arrived complete and

signals have been put back to on behind the said train line is clear up-to FSS plus adequate distance


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Essentials:

On single line, such LC shall not be given unless

the last preceding train has arrived complete and

signals have been put back to on behind the said train

line is clear up-to FSS plus adequate distance AND it is clear of trains running towards the station to

which LC is being given.


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Block Section

Stn A Stn B

Overlap


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Points to remember:

Adequate distance is 400m for 2 aspect signals &

180m for multi aspect signalsArrival of whole train is manually checked by

verifying Tail Board / Lamp and exchange of

Alright signal with Guard. It can also be done by

Axle Counters or track circuits.

Putting back of signals and clearance of overlap is

checked by circuits


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The Automatic Block System

Essntials for double line:

Line must be continuously track circuited

Line between stations is divided into Automatic

Block Signalling Sections

Entry into each Section is controlled by MACL

stop signals

Track Circuits control the aspect of signals OFF aspect only when line is clear up-to next signal

plus overlap (120 m)

Automatic replacement to ON with passage of train


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Essntials for single line:

Line must be continuously track circuited

Direction of traffic only after LC has been

obtained from stn in advance

Train to start from the stn only after direction of

traffic has been esteblishedLC shall not be granted unless line is clear up-

to FSS plus overlap (180m)


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Essntials for single line:

Line between stations is divided into Automatic

Block Signalling SectionsEntry into each Section is controlled by MACL

stop signals in the direction of traffic

Signals against the direction of traffic at ONTrack Circuits control the aspect of signals

OFF aspect only when line is clear up-to next signal

If next signal is manual, then overlap (180m) is also

required


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Aspect Control: Yellow when one signalling section plus overlap is

clear Green when two signalling sections plus overlap is

clear (in 3 aspect territory)

Double Yellow when two signalling sections plus

overlap is clear (in 4 aspect territory) Green when 3 signalling sections plus overlap is

clear (in 4 aspect territory)

3 Aspect Signals 4 Aspect Signals
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Minimum equipment of signals

Manual stop signals at stations

a Home

a Starter

an Automatic stop signal in rear of Home signal

of the station one or more additional auto signals in

between block stations


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Conditions for taking OFF manual signals

in auto territories:

Home signal except at terminal station Line to be clear upto Starter plus overlap (120m)

Last stop signal

Direction of Traffic has been esteblished Line is clear upto next signal (automatic) or

Line is clear upto next signal (manual) plus overlap

(180m)


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What happens if an Automatic signal isdefective:Signal can be at ON due to TC failure or some

other defectDriver should stop and wait in rear of signal one minute during DAY

Two minutes during NIGHT

If signal remains ON, inform Guard by whistlecode & hand signal and proceed at restrictedspeed (15 kmph or less) till he reaches the nextsignal

Then be guided by the aspect of next signal


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Points to remember:

Track is continuously track circuited

Signals diplay Off aspect normally when there

are no trains

Signals are replaced automatically to On with

the passage of trains past themDrivers are authorised to pass automatic signals

after observing certain precautions

Methods of Block Working

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