METFORMIN

ZAINAB BAFFA

CONTENTS• HYPOTHESIS• BRIEF BACKROUND ON DIABETES MELLITUS• INTRODUCTION OF THE DRUG METFORMINE

– CHEMICAL STRUCTURE– MECHANISM

• SIDE EFFECTS OF METFORMINE• AIMS, SOLUTIONS AND ALTERNATIVES

HYPOTHESIS• Metfomin reduces the blood sugar level of people with type 2 diabetes.

TYPE 2 DIABETES

CHEMICAL STRUCTURE

MECHANISM

• It works in several ways; • it reduces the amount of sugar made by the liver, • limits the amount of sugar absorbed into the body from the

diet, and makes insulin receptors more sensitive (helping the body respond better to its own insulin).

• All of these effects cause a decrease in blood sugar levels.

SIDE EFFECTS• The most common adverse effect of metformin is gastrointestinal upset

• Overdose: common symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, drowsiness, and, rarely hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.

• The major potentially life-threatening complication of metformin overdose is lactic acidosis, which is due to lactate accumulation. Lactic acidosis is a physiological condition characterized by low pH in body tissues and blood (acidosis) accompanied by the accumulation of lactate. The condition typically occurs when cells receive too little oxygen (hypoxia).

POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS, ALTERNATIVE

• Before taking metformin, be sure that you don’t have any history of heart disease, liver failure .

• Some of the metformin alternatives include:– Lifestyle changes– Other oral diabetes medications like Chlorpropamide, Glipizide.– Insulin .

REFERENCES• Pubmed.com • Drugs.com

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