Metering & Monitoring Smart Buildings · Agenda The turnaround in energy policy and its political...

Metering & Monitoring – Smart BuildingsChristof Isselmann | Hannover Messe 2013

Bilfinger HSG Facility Management – Center of Competence Energy & Sustainability

April 9, 2013

Agenda

The turnaround in energy policy and its political setting 3

Structure of energy supply in the future 4

Where metering & monitoring systems can be used 6

Metering & monitoring as a contribution to the intelligence of a smart building 7

The requirements to be met by metering & monitoring systems 9

Using metering & monitoring and the possibilities in practice 11

Summary & conclusions 16

Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013

Energy savings target

Europe

20%

Key determinants for saving energy and for the

sustainability of energy use


Regulatory framework – CO2 emissions – reduction targets by 2020

compared with 1990 and percentage of buildings in Germany’s

emissions

Saving energy in the context of the global economy


worldwide

25 - 40%


Germany

40%

CO2

emissions from buildings

in Germany

33%

Energy efficiencyRenewable energiesGlobal warming

m

CO2 tradeSustainability Innovative

technologies

Primary energy is

finite

World population

growing

exponentially

2011 – 7bn

people

Worldwide energy

consumption growing

exponentially

140,168bn kWh

p.a. (in 2010)

Source: UNFCC document Source: European Parliament motto 20-20-20

Source: final report of the Select Committee Source: BMWi

Source: destatis.de Source: destatis.de

smart grid is the energy supply infrastructure working in concert

with the IT infrastructure

synchronising supply and demand by metering energy

consumptions in real time to stabilise and reduce the load on the

grid

matching supply and demand is possible thanks to IT

infrastructure and communications and control algorithms

achieves greater user awareness of the energy used

distributiongeneration

▪ Future energy flow▪ Conventional energy flow

The energy supply of the future will be more

decentralised and use smart grids


usedistributiongeneration

generation

use

conventional energy distribution is mostly structured and controlled

centrally

the classic flow of energy is from generation (power station) to its

use (consumer)

the amount of energy generated is only partly matched to the

demand

losses in transformation are greater because providing energy is

based on the supply

(smart grid)energy flow

IT communication

▪ a detailed analysis of both private (smart homes) and

commercial properties (smart buildings) is necessary to

know the patterns of demand

▪ smart buildings enable control and regulation through

large-area and holistic use of building automation

▪ smart building automation (e.g. timed control of the

loads) can counteract the fluctuations in energy

generation

▪ energy consumption is recorded precisely and

automatically transmitted by smart meter to the grid

operator; this enables alignment of the energy required

and the energy generated, which in turn relieves the grid

and keeps it stable

▪ precise monitoring of energy requires more than one

metering point per building

Where metering & monitoring systems

can be used

Status quo of the smart grid infrastructure

Knowing the demand patterns (smart home, smart building)


Where can metering & monitoring systems be used?


Office and

AdministrationTrade and IndustryMunicipalities Health-care Centres

Plant, department and

production facility,

output PU

Municipalities, e.g. at

the district level

According to building,

ward, specific treatment

Final, secondary

and useful energy

According to floor or

department

kWh/ m²; empl

€/ m²; empl

m³/ m²; empl

CO2/ m²; empl

kWh/ m²; empl; PU

€/ m²; empl; PU

m³/ m²; empl; PU

CO2/ m²; empl; PU

kWh/ resid; hshold

m³/ resid; hshold

CO2/ resid; hshold

kWh/ bed; m²; case

€/ bed; m²; case

m³/ bed; m²; case

CO2/ bed; m²; case

Purpose/User

Metering types of

energy

Breakdown

Using the

information

Key data

Final, secondary

and useful energy

Final and secondary

energy

Final, secondary

and useful energy

Reporting

KPI

EMS DIN ISO 50001

CSR – report

CO2 – footprint

Reporting energy

balance and CO2

footprint

According to building,

ward

CSR - report

Reporting

Accounting

Metering & monitoring as a subsystem of smart building

intelligence with the help of an integrated energy

management system


Diversified systems in existing buildings need an integral planning approach to implementing a metering & monitoring

system into an integrated energy management system of a smart building.

Operator

User

Field level (sensors & actuators)

ERP systems e.g. MS Dynamics NAV, SAP

operation (e.g. BMS)

other services, subcontractors/third parties

Management level

(collaborative networks)

considering the comfort preferences

configuration

analysing and controlled intervention

Optimisation

middleware

adaptability (modules operational individually)

complexity

Integrated

energy management system

energy consumption meters (fuel, electricity, heat)

water meters

sensors (pressure, humidity, presence,..)

actuators

Automation level

(building smartness)

aggregation of the data

establish context

dimensions (filter according to user, time span, technical

system, organisation etc., system boundaries)

Automation level

Management level

Field level

Visualisation level

visualising the energy efficiency

The specific technical requirements to be met by

metering & monitoring systems


CHP boiler

V&A/C

Temperatur, Feuchtemesser, Präsenzmelder, Stromzähler, Gaszähler, WärmeΣ J

000m³

m

Wh

from a measuring and metering concept to visualisation

efficiency can then be seen and rated

enabling a detailed analysis of the building engineering

new opportunities for FM to make running their

customer’s building even more economical and energy-

efficient

temperature

humidity

presence

electricity meter

flow meterheat meter

PV array

e-station

storage battery

“analyses/optimisations” master & dynamic data

data logger & automation components

field devices (precise measuring instruments)

m³

Σ J

000Wh

m

Best practice: M&M in a hospital

Practical example: metering & monitoring in the hospital

sector to document utilities engineering


CHP boilerCHP boiler

house 1 house 3house 2

gas

heat

electricitywater

Visualisation

Σ J

000

m³

Wh

Σ J

000

Σ J

000

Σ J

000Wh

Σ J

000Wh

m³

Σ J

000

Σ J

000

Σ J

000

Wh

flow meter

electricity meter

heat meterV

PN

tu

nnel

operator efficiency – possible?

m³m³m³m³

𝜂𝑒𝑙 =𝑊𝑒𝑙

𝑄𝑧𝑢

𝜂𝑒𝑙 =434,700 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎1,242,000 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎

gas

heat

electricity

Illustration of monitoring the efficiencyMetering & monitoring for

▪ metering primary energy (gas) and final energy

(electricity) and useful energy (heat) generated by the

CHP station

▪ ascertaining the actual efficiency of technical systems

▪ monitoring system status via any changes in efficiency

and system availability

▪ visualising and energy-efficiency evaluation

▪ basis for devising improvements

Energy performance of building engineering taking a CHP

Station as an example


𝜂𝑡ℎ = 𝑄𝑡ℎ 𝑄𝑧𝑢

=732,700 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎1,242,000 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎

= 0.59

thermal efficiency

electrical efficiency

efficiency of the entire system

𝜂𝑒𝑙 = 0.35

𝜂𝑎 = 𝑄𝑡ℎ+𝑊𝑒𝑙

𝑄𝑧𝑢

=732,700 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎 + 437,000 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎

1,242,000 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎= 0.94

87%

93%

Visualisation: ways of providing information about

metering & monitoring which management can use


global geographical systematisation of buildings and

linking them to regional weather stations

adjusting consumption figures to allow for weather,

forming and monitoring relevant indicators

data differentiated according to building classes, such

as admin building, hospital or industrial building

ranking according to the building’s consumption figures

benchmarking for different buildings

benchmarking for different parameters (per bed, per

m², per product etc.)

system-specific benchmarks (for instance related to

efficiencies etc.)

How metering & monitoring can evaluate consumption

data in terms of energy efficiency in practice


energy-efficient operation analysis function

sector-specific approach for detailed evaluation of a

building’s energy consumption profile

metering and visualising the energy consumptions

visual evaluation possible by means of load

observation up to 15-min resolution

spectral analyses and comparison using benchmarks

with reference values found in the literature or

comparable buildings

including weather data for analysing weather stations

assigned geographically

comparing the benchmarks with each other to derive

the user behaviour of certain groups of buildings and

obtain valuable information for planning new buildings

How metering & monitoring can evaluate energy

costs in practice


charts showing the efficiency of systems by precisely

identifying energy consumptions

exceeding set/standard values triggers alarm signals

and the person responsible is then informed

verification of energy efficiency measures and

reduction in energy costs in a direct comparison

between the years, months or days

inclusion of the energy supply contracts

evaluation of the energy costs in a management

summary

providing energy reports

creating greater awareness of the need for the

sustainable use of energy as well as actually reducing

CO2 emissions

Summary


M&M systems form the basis for the electronic “dialogue process” in smart

buildings for optimised building management

Successful metering & monitoring generates a wide range of added values.

These include:

ensuring system availability and system efficiency

lasting energy savings through continuous monitoring

reductions in energy and maintenance costs through proactive operative

management possible

time saved thanks to automatic energy data acquisition

greater employee awareness with consumption being visualised

fulfilling the key requirements of the DIN EN ISO 50001 standard

Metering & monitoring the key factor by virtue of optimised operation of

technical systems

Effects can be made transparent for the FM customerscf. http://cdn.humansinvent.com.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-

content/uploads/2013/01/SmartBuildings-Main.jpg

Conclusions and future prospects

metering & monitoring a key factor in creating efficient ways to use energy

analysing algorithms to comparing building and sector groups

analysing energy data using benchmarks with reference values energy efficiency

competition for buildings

greater awareness through energy flows in buildings being transparent

potential energy tax savings through incentive schemes

Necessary to ensure the success of the turnaround in energy policy

regenerative power generation, savings in CO2 emissions

identifying wasteful operating regimes and inefficient systems

reliable energy consumption forecasts

precise information about energy demand and consumption

Metering & monitoring an important step to achieving

the energy objectives of the Federal Government


http://www.deutsche-handwerks-

zeitung.de/files/smthumbnaildata/624x416//3/3/4/4/9/8/NeuesBild.jpg

Energy efficiency – we’re making it transparent!


CoC E&S Section Head

Dipl.-Ing. Frank Katzemich

Tel: +49 6102 45 3679

Mobile: +49 173 5689027

E-mail: [email protected]

Dipl. Des. Christof Isselmann

Tel: +49 6102 45 3363

Mobile: +49 172 7497507

E-mail: [email protected]

Thank you for your attention!

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