Mining and Metals Scenarios to 2030 World Economic Forum Michael Tost, Mining Lekgotla 2013.
Metals - World Resources Forum
Transcript of Metals - World Resources Forum
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c.. Markus A. Reuter I Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology© I www.hzdr.de/hif
Metals Key enablers of a Circular Economy
Prof Dr Dr h.c. Markus Reuter : Director - HIF (Past career: Outotec, Ausmelt, TU Delft, Mintek, Anglo American Corporation)
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Markus A. Reuter Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology©
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Circular Economy
Product Centric
Recycling Material Centric Recycling
Infrastructure
Criticality? Metal Criticality
Which of these lamps is better for a circular economy?
Recycling Index
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Markus A. Reuter Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology©
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Circular Economy: Simplicity vis-à-vis Complexity From base metals: Optimal link between energy infrastructure and metals
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43W Saving (Relative to 60W
Incandescent)
15W CFL (60W Traditional)
15W CFL (43W Halogen)
12W LED (60W Traditional)
12W LED (43W Halogen)
Energy sa
ving
s relative to incand
escent an
d ha
logen lamp
http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/how-‐energy-‐efficient-‐light-‐bulbs-‐compare-‐traditional-‐incandescents
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Markus A. Reuter Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology©
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Pyro- and hydrometallurgical refining infrastructure Secondary Feeds
(Low & high-‐grade Cu, circuit boards, metal containing residues, ASR etc.)
Raw / Anode Copper
FuelAir (Oxygen)
Discard Slag (Construction Material)
Dust/Fume
ReductantFlux
Cathode Copper
Pb/Sn/Bi Products
Zn
PGMsPMs
Gypsum
Te, Seetc.
Intermediate Pb-‐rich PhasesFumes
Slimes
SlimesPrecipitates
(Pb/Sn-‐rich)
(Zn-‐rich)
Slimes
1-3 Stage TSL
Electrowinning & Refining
Recycle Slag
WEEE, Cu Recycling, Slag cleaning: GRM (S. Korea)
WEEE, eWaste, Cu scrap, Residues: Dowa (Japan) Lead Battery Recycling:
Recylex (Germany)
Zn-‐Residue processing: Young PoongCorporation (S. Korea)
3 Stage lead smelting, Slag cleaning: YTCL (China)
Slag cleaning: Mitsui, Hachinohe (Japan)
Cu, slimes, eWaste etc.: Boliden (Sweden)
Cu-‐scrap, internal residues: Guixi (China)
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Markus A. Reuter Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology©
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Design for Recycling and Sustainability Simulation based Recyclability index
Product Design
EnvironmentalAssessment
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Ag AlAl2O
3Au
BaO Ba Bi C
(C5O
2H8)n
C6H12Cl3O
4PC15H
12Br4O
2(C25H30O4N
)nC12H
12O4n
CaO Co Cr Cu Fe M
gMgO Mn Ni
Pb Pd RuREEs
Silicon
e SiSiO2
Sn SrO
TiO2 Ti V Zn
TOTA
L RECOVE
RY %
Total Recovery (%
) after P
hysic
al Recyclingand
Process M
etallurgy
LED Design A LED Design B LED Design C LED Design D LED Design E
38%
48%
41%
46%
15%
Recycling process simulation models
Recovery rate calculations of all elementsRecycling Index
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Markus A. Reuter Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology©
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M.A. Reuter, A. van Schaik and J. Gediga (2015): Simulation-based design for resource efficiency of metal production and recycling systems, Cases: Copper production and recycling, eWaste (LED Lamps), Nickel pig iron, International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Vol. 20(5), pp. 671-693.
Outotec: HSC Sim PE-International: GaBi
BAT, Flow Sheets & Recycling System Maximizing Resource Efficiency – Benchmarks
$US / t Product (CAPEX & OPEX)Recyclability Index (based on system simulation of whole cycle)
Energy: GJ & MWh / t Product (source specific)Exergy: GJ & MWh / t
kg CO2 / t Product kg SOx / t Productg NOx / t Product
m3 Water / t Product (including ions in solution)kg Residue / t Product (including composition)
kg Fugitive Emissions / t Productkg Particulate Emissions / t Product
Etc.
Environmental Indicators based on BATDriving Benchmarks of IndustryReCiPe (and similar) – Endpoint estimation
Global Warming Potential (GWP)Acidification Potential (AP)Eutrification Potential (EP)
Human Toxicity Potential (HTP)Ozone Layer Depletion Potential (ODP)
Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)Aquatic Ecotoxicity Potential (AETP)
Abiotic Depletion (ADP)Water footprint (Green, Blue, Grey)
Etc...
x Rigorous quantification of resource efficiency
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Markus A. Reuter Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology©
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Recyclability Index → Enabling resource efficiency Inform consumer in a simple manner of our industry to show its importance
[Source: M.A. Reuter, A. van Schaik and J. Gediga (2015): Simulation-based design for resource efficiency of metal production and recycling systems, Cases: Copper production and recycling, eWaste (LED Lamps), Nickel pig iron, International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, Vol. 20(5), pp. 671-693.]
So, which is better considering both energy and materials? Fundamental quantification is significantly important to understand the opportunities and limits of a circular economy!
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Markus A. Reuter Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology©
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Digitalizing Linking web of
Energy & Materials
Internet of Things Process metallurgical systems key
to circular economy De-silo thinking and education
System Innovation Simulation & Optimization (linked
to big data analysis) Inform Policy & Consumer
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Markus A. Reuter Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology©
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Additional information: Recent publications
United Nations Environmental Programme - M.A. Reuter: Lead Author http://www.unep.org/resourcepanel/Portals/50244/publications/Metal_Recycling-Full_Report_150dpi_130919.pdf