Metabolism

Definitions… Metabolism – the sum of all the

chemical processes whereby _______ is made available and used by the cells of the body

Energy – the ability to do work

Two Types of Metabolism

Catabolic Metabolism

Anabolic Metabolism

Energy is used for…

Energy Balance Equation Resting Metabolic Rate (55-75%)

+ Thermal Effect of Food (5-15%)

+ Physical Activity (10-40%)

= Total Energy Expenditure (100%)

Energy (cal.) & Body Weight 1st Law of Thermodynamics

Weight gain

Weight loss

Weight maintenance

Resting Metabolic Rate The number of calories the body burns in a

24-hour period while at rest and fasting. Liver ___% of total calories burned Brain ___% Heart ___% Lungs ___% Kidneys ___% ________ ___% At rest approx. ____% of energy is derived

from stored body fat

Resting Metabolic Rate & Gender

Resting metabolic rate (energy expenditure) is approximately 10% lower in women than men

RMR is essentially the same when expressed per unit of “fat-free mass”

Therefore, not a true gender difference

Effects of Strength Training on Resting Metabolic Rate 24 weeks strength training =

increase RMR 6% - 9%

Each additional pound of muscle tissue = ____ kcal/day increase in metabolism

Effects of Severe Caloric Restriction (Dieting) on RMR _____% decline in RMR with severe

caloric restriction- Result of:

1. ___________________2. ___________________

Set Point “Theory” & Adaptive Thermogenesis Hypothalamus establishes a “set point”

or body weight that it will work to maintain

Adaptive Thermogenesis – the body will speed up or slow down metabolism to maintain the set point

If consume fewer calories… If consume more calories… To reset the set point

Thermal Effect of Food Calories burned to digest, absorb,

and transport the nutrients in food we consumed.

Protein: 15-25% (of food calories) Carbohydrate: 8-12% Fat: 5%

Physical Activity (thermal effect) Calories burned to support physical

activity Activities of daily living

- ________ Factor Planned exercise

- Intensity and duration

Post Exercise Thermogenesis The increased metabolic rate

(calories burned) above resting metabolism (Resting Metabolic Rate) that follows cessation of exercise.

approx. 15% of total exercise caloric burn