Meta Data and Meta Tags

Amanjot Kaur SandhuMFA Design, UT AustinFall 2013

Content

Metadata Evolution

Metadata Definition

Metadata Influences

Metadata Types

How Metadata Works

What does Metadata do

Metadata Schemes

Metadata Usage 

Demo

Evolution

Cataloging

“Pinakes” –First ever llibrarycatalogue

245 BC.

9th CenturyLibraries of Carolington schools employ library catalog

Library of Amiens Catherdral in France starts cataloging

1246

1595 The first printed catalog of an institutional library

Thomas Hyde’s catalog for the Bodleion Library

1674

1956The development of the catalog and cataloging rulesby RF Strout

SABRE‐IBM database system

1960’s

Ingreas database system

1970’s

Object Database Management System 

Early 1990’sLate 1990’sRise of Internet Database connectors

1980’sSQL Era 

2000Microsoft, IBM and Oracle  Database systems

1990 IPTC developed the Information Interchange Model

1994Adobe Digital Image Resource Block (IRB)

2001Adobe introduces Extensible Metadata Platform

Adobe released Creative Suite 2

2005

2007IPTC and IFRA holds first International Photo Metadata Conferenece

Databases

1995Dublin Core Conference

Meta Data

Metadata Definition

The term “Meta Data” refers to Data about Data

It is structured information that describes, explains, locates, or otherwise makes it easier to retrieve, use, or manageany information resource

It is a data providing information about one or more aspects of the data like:

Means of creation of the data

Purpose of the data

Time and date of creation

Creator or author of the data

Location on a computer network where the data were created

Standard used

Metadata Definition

Metadata shapes experience – through data, information, knowledge

It shapes our sense of privacy, identity, security, civic-ness, sharing, peer to peer-ness and being together

It shapes who we are and what we are

It trawls through our searches, monitors our buying habits

Its GPS systems tracking us, its cookies shadowing us and tagging us

Examples

Metadata of a Document Metadata of an Image

Influences

Societal Networks

Search Engines

Communication Technologies

Websites

Online Images

Systems of Knowledge

MapsArchives

CataloguesIndexes

Stock Markets

Capitalism

Commerce

Consumption

Information Economies

UnderpinsDrives Shapes

Mata data Types

Three main types of metadata:

Descriptive metadata describes a resource for purposes such as discoveryand identification. It can include elements such as title, abstract, author, and keywords

Structural metadata indicates how compound objects are put together, For example, how pages are ordered to form a chapter

Administrative metadata provides information to manage aresource, such as when and how it was created, file type, and who can access it.

How Metadata works

Metadata constitutes a 'hidden' attribute of a page

One specific element of HTML is the <META /> tag

It not visible in the content of the page that is ordinarily viewed in the browser

For example: Home page of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) at www.w3.org

<meta name="keywords" content="W3C, World Wide Web, Web, WWW, Consortium, computer, access, accessibility, semantic, worldwide, W3, HTML, XML, standard, language, ..." />

<meta name="description" content="W3C is over 400 organizations leading the World Wide Web to its full potential. Founded by Tim Berners-Lee, the Web's inventor. The W3C Web site hosts specifications, guidelines, software and tools. Public participation is welcome..." />

Keywords Description

What does Metadata do

Resource Discovery

Allows resources to be found by relevant criteria

Brings similar resources together

Distinguishes dissimilar resources

Gives location information

What does Metadata do

Organize Electronic Resources

Organize links to resources based on audience or topic

Various software tools can be used to automatically extract and reformat the information for Web applications

What does Metadata do

Interoperability

Interoperability is the ability of multiple systems with different hardware and software platforms, data structures, and interfaces to exchange data with minimalloss of content and functionality.

By Defining metadata schemes and shared transfer protocols, resources across the network can be searched more seamlessly.

What does Metadata do

Digital Identification

Includes elements such as standard numbers to uniquely identify the work or object to which the metadata refers.

Archiving and Preservation

Tracks the lineage of a digital object (where it came from and how it has changed over time),

Document its behavior in order to emulate it on future technologies.

Mata data Schemes

These are intended to establish a common understandingof the meaning or semantics of the data

These standards ensure correct and proper use and interpretation of the data by its owners and users

Many different metadata schemes are being developed as standards across disciplines such as

library science, education, archiving, e-commerce, and arts

Mata data Schemes

Metadata landscape is intended to assist planners with the selection and implementation of metadata standards.105 standards listed here and is evaluated on four axes:

Community, Domain, Function, and Purpose.

Work is funded by Indiana University

Dublin Core

The Dublin Core Metadata Element Set arose from discussions at a 1995 workshop sponsored byOCLC and the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) in Dublin.

Objective of the Dublin Core was to define a set of elements that could be used by authors to describe their own Web resources

It can be used for multiple purposes from simple resource description to combining metadata vocabularies of different metadata standards

Dublin Core Metadata Element Set (DCMES) consists of 15 metadata elements:

FormatIdentifierSourceLanguageRelationCoverageRights

TitleCreatorSubjectDescriptionPublisherContributorDateType

Mata data Usage

Data Virtualization

Healthcare People are informed about how, when and where medical records were received or sent and when documents were modified

Statistics and Census ServicesUsed by Census Bureau, Environmental Protection Agency and Bureau of Labor Statistics etc

Internet Metadata from basic descriptive text, dates and keywords to further advanced metadata schemes such as the Dublin Core etc

GeospatialDescribes datasets, maps, features, or simply documents with a geospatial component

Mata data Usage

Digital MusicMetadata about the recordings such as dates, artist, genre and copyright owner etc

Broadcast industryMetadata like playlist names, duration, timecode, rating, Description etc

Data warehousingUsage of the metadata to facilitate reporting and analysis

Ecological & environmentalDocument the who, what, when, where, why, and how of data collection for a particular study

Mata data Usage

Meta Data Visualization

a people‐ centric view of your email life

immersion

Some researchers at MIT have created a site called Immersion where you can look at your own email graph in much the same way that the NSA can

Example

Example

Questions

References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metadata

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_catalog

http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1303046/

http://semanticarts.com/how-data-became-metadata/

http://comminfo.rutgers.edu/~lesk/lis524/meta-history.pdf

http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/~jenlrile/metadatamap/seeingstandards_glossary_poster.pdf

http://photometadata.org/META-Resources-Metadata-History-Timeline

http://www1.unece.org/stat/platform/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=3866684

http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/~jenlrile/metadatamap/seeingstandards.pdf

http://www.niso.org/publications/press/UnderstandingMetadata.pdf

http://dublincore.org/metadata-basics/

http://www.hci.com.au/hcisite3/journal/Metadata.htm

http://clusty.com/

https://immersion.media.mit.edu/

Disclaimer: All the images taken from www.google.com.