Mental health problems of adolescents and management
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Transcript of Mental health problems of adolescents and management
YOHANANTH SIVANANTHAN
ROLL NO:132
NEPALGUNJ MEDICAL COLLEGE
PAEDIATRICS SEMINAR SESSIONS
AUG 2010 BATCH MBBS
how ones feels inside
balancing the emotions and having control
on them
Self esteem and confidence
Being comfortable with whom they are
Copying with one`s feeling and building up
reslience of one`s bouce back ability
Mental health is defined as a state of well-
being in which every individual realizes his or
her own potential, can cope with the normal
stresses of life, can work productively and
fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution
to her or his community.
PERIOD IN LIFE WHEN AN INDIVIDUAL
NOLONGER A CHILD OR YET AN ADULT
IT SPANS AGE GROUP 10-19 YEARS
STAGES OF ADOLESCENCE
EARLY ADLOESCENCE 10-13
MID ADOLESCENCE 14-16
LATE ADOLESCENCE 17-19
A AGGRESSIVE,ANEMIC,ABORTION
D DYNAMIC,DEVELOPING,DEPRESSED
O OVERCONFIDENT,OVERINDULGING,OBESE
L LOUD BUT LONELY,LACK OF INFORMATION
E ENTHUSIASTIC,EPLORATIVE,EXPERIMENT
S SOCIAL,SEXUAL,SPIRITUAL
C COURAGES,CHEERFUL,CONCERN
E EMOTIONAL,EAGER,EMULATING
N NERVOURS,NEVER SAY NO TO PEERS
T TEENAGE PREGNACY
10-13 YEARS AGE PERIOD
PERSONAL IDENTIFY
WHO I AM?
CURIOUS ABOUT SEX-BUT NOT SEXUALLY
ACTIVE
ADJUST TO PHYSICAL CHANGES OF
PUBERTY
14-16 YEARS AGE
ACHIEVING SEPARATE IDENTITY FROM
PARENTS
INTERESTED IN SEXUAL ACTIVITIES AND
ATTRACTION ON OPPOSITE SEX
COGNITIVE EXPANSION
NEW RELATIONSHIP TO PEER GROUPS
OCCUPATIONAL IDENTITY,RESPONSIBILITY
17-19 YEARS AGE
COLLEGE PROFESSIONAL COURSE,JOB
FALLING IN LOVE ,MARRIAGE ETC
DECISION MAKING AND IMPLEMENTING
WELL FORMED OPINION AND IDEAS
EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS
BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS
SCHOLASTIC ISSUES
IDENTITY PROBLEMS
FAMILY PROBLEMS
DRUG\SUBSTANCE ABUSE
PSYCOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
PERSONAL PROBLEMS
1 – Emphasis on common MENTAL HEALTH
PROBLEMS in adolescents, and
2 – Practical approach to their early
diagnosis and prevention
SADNESS/GRIEF
ANXIETIES/WORRIES
STRESS
INTOLERANT ANGER
VERY COMMON BECAUSE OF THE RAPID
PHYSICAL,PSYCOLOGICAL SOCIAL AND SEXUAL
CHANGES DURING ADOLSCENCE
IMBALANCE IN NEURO TRANSMITTERS NORADRENALINE,GABA,5HT=ANXIETY AND DEPRESSIVE
DISORDERS
ROLE OF MEDICATIONS=EG.SSRI
OFTEN BIOCHEMICAL FACTORS ACT ALONG WITH ENVIORNMENTAL BUT MAY BE SINGULARLY BE IMPORTANT
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
ANXIETY: PSYCOLOGICAL STRESS AND TRAUMA
SOMATISATION:REPRESSION OF FEELINGS,
CONVERSION:PHYSICAL EXPRESSION OF PSYCOLOGICAL CONFLICT
DEPRESSION AND SUICIDE:STUDY PRESSURE ,SEPERATION,,CHRONIC ILLNESS,MALADJUSTMENT
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR TOWARDS PARENTS
TEACHERS,SIBLINGS AND FRIENDS
EXPRESSED IN EITHER INDIVIDUALLY OR IN
GROUP
DISTRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR
RISKY BEHAVIOR LIKE
UNSAFE SEX
HAZARDOUS/DRUNKEN DRIVING
SMOKING
SELF HARM PHYSICAL INACTIVITY
EDUCATIONAL FAILURE AND SCHOOL DROP OUTS
ON RISK OF TAKING BEHAVIOR/ADVENTURE
PEER PRESSURE
STRESS
COMMONLY TAKING SUBSTANCES ARE
ALCOHOL
TOBACCO
HEROIN
CANNABIS
PRESCRIPTION DRUGS OPIODS,CNS
STIMULANTS,CNS DEPRESSENTS ETC.
ADVERSE EFFECTS IMPAIMENT OF GENERAL ABILITIES
SENSES
SPEED OF REACTION
CO ORDINATION
THINKING,CONCENTRATION
INCREASED RISK TAKING WITH POOR INHIBITORY CONTROL OVER BEHAVIOR
MOOD CHANGES AND POOR MOOD CONTROL
LEADING TO ACCIDENTS
VIOLENCE
SUICIDE
RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR
INTERPERSONAL PROBLEMS:PRONE TO PEER CONFLICTS AS PEER ADVICE CONSIDERED DOCTRINAL BY ADOLSCENTS.ROLE OF TEACHERS IMPORTANT
LOVE AFFAIR:USUALLY KIND OF INFATUATION AND IMMATURE,BUT MAY SERIOULY AFFECT STUDIES ,FUTURE LIFE AT TIMES
BODY IMAGE:DUE TO PERSONALITY FACTOR OVER CONCIOUSNESS ABOUT LOOKS,DEISIRE TO BE APPEALING TO THE OPPOSITE SEX
DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS
SUICIDAL TENDENCY
PHOBIA
SLEEP DISORDERS
MENTAL DEFICIETS
IRRATIONAL BELIEFS
LOW SELF ESTEEM
BROAD CLASSIFICATION
EMOTIONAL DISORDERS
BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS
PSYCOSES
OTHER MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS-SLOW
LEARNER,SCHOOL PHOBIA,COMMON SPEECH
DISORDERS,EPILEPSY ETC,
ALCOHOLIC FATHER
FINANCIAL PROBLEMS
BROKEN FAMILY
PROBLEM WITH PARENTS
SIBLING RIVALRY
SEPERATION FROM HOME
Strong emphasis placed on educational
achievement has put a lot of pressure on
adolescents
This causes a lot of pressure among adloescents
which could cause psychosomatic symptoms like
Headache
Eye strain
Difficulties in concentrating and sleep problems
Some adolescents are slow or retarded in their
development and may not well do in school
Lack of concentration
Difficulty in making career choices
ADOLESCENCE IS ALSO A TIME WHEN THEY
WANTED TO ESTABLISH THEIR IDENTITY
THERE IS SOMUCH DIVERSITY,MOBILITY AND
OPPORTUNITIES FOR ADULTS TO ESTABLISH
THEIR IDENITITY EASILY
IT IS A CHALLENGE FOR ADOLESCENT TO
DECIDE THEIR IDENTITY
EARLY CHILDBEARING AND PARENTHOOD
UNWANTED PREGNANCY
ABORTION
SEXUALLY TRANSIMITTED INFECTION
SOCIAL STIGMA AND ISOLATION
LOSS OF EDUCATON OPPORTUNITY
LONLINESS