Mental Health In America: The Need to Act B4Stage4 · Strategy #4: Recovery as the Goal • Even...
Transcript of Mental Health In America: The Need to Act B4Stage4 · Strategy #4: Recovery as the Goal • Even...
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Paul Gionfriddo, President and CEO, MHAFor Georgia Division of Behavioral Health Symposium, 10/8/15
Mental Health In America: The Need to Act B4Stage4
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Mental Health America
• Founded in 1909 by Clifford Beers.• Formerly the National Mental Health Association.• Gave birth to the mental health advocacy
movement of the 20th century.• 200+ affiliates in 41 states and DC (all independent
nonprofits).• 6,000 employees, <$300 million in total budgets
among MHA and all of its affiliates.
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What We Didn’t Know In 1979
We needed to….• Focus on
children.• Invest more, not
less.• Eliminate the
revolving door, not just create a new one.
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The Current Policy Landscape: Just Like ‘79
• States cut $4.6 billion from mental health budgets between 2009 and 2013.
• Medicaid expansion gap disproportionately affects adults with SMI.
• Serious mental illnesses are most frequently diseases of childhood, but children with serious mental illnesses rarely receive integrated health and education services.
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When Budgets Get Cut, Who Gets Harmed?
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How about Kids? Only 1 in 28 with SMI is ID’ed for Special Ed; the Lowest in 20+ Years
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000CHILDREN W ED IN SPECIAL ED
Source: US DOE, 2015
362,000 in 2013389,000 in 1991
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Mental Health Conditions…
…are the only chronic
conditions…
…that as a matter of public policy…
…we wait until Stage 4 to treat, and then often only through
incarceration.
We’re Trapped in Stage 4 Thinking
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We’re Losing Too Many of Our
Children.
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What’s the Alternative? The 21st
Century Asylum?
6%
15%
31%
% of Overall Population % of Men in Prison % of Women in Prison
People with Serious Mental Illnesses
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It’s Time for a Change.
Advancing the National Dialogue
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Prevention
Early Identification
and Intervention
Integrated Services and
Care
Recovery
MHA: Working in Four Areas
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Strategy #1: Focus on Access to Health
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Strategy #2: Make MH Screening Ubiquitous
• Screening in primary care perceived as helpful 93% of the time;
• PCPs 3 times more likely to recognize MI symptoms and follow up;
• Post-screening treatment changes were made 40% of the time;
• Positive benefits persist one year later.
Sources: Christensen, et al, 2005; Pignone et al, 2002; O’Connor et al, 2009; Duffy et al, 2009.
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MHA Online Screening ToolsDepression (PHQ-9)
Anxiety (GAD-7)
Bipolar
PTSD (PC-PTSD)
Youth Screen (PSC-YR)
Parent Screen (PSC)
Alcohol and Substance Use Screen (CAGE-AID)
Psychosis Screen (Ultra-High Risk) (PQ-B)
Work Health Survey
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MHA Screening Accessed by 800,000 Since April, 2014
15
50%
22%
12%
9%5% 2%
37%
28%
18%
8%
5%3%1%
"11-17""18-24""25-34""35-44""45-54""55-64""65+"
Inner Circle Apr 14-Apr 15
n= 242,204
Outer CircleMay-Jul 15n= 116,054
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Screening Summary Breakdown
Source: www.mhascreening.org
White69%
Non-White
Positive66%
Negative
Female75%
Male
Been DiagnosedNever
Been Diagnosed
65%
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Of Those Who Are Positive, Percent Positive* for Each Condition in Yr 1
17* “Moderate” to “Severe” = “Positive”
Moderate Anxiety
7%
Severe Anxiety
10%
Moderate Depression
19%
Moderately Severe
Depression24%
Severe Depression
25%
Positive Bipolar
9%
Positive PTSD6%
N=173,418
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Almost All of Those Taking Psychosis Screening in Yr 2 Are At Risk
95%
5%
Psychosis RiskNo/Low Risk
18
N=2517, May-August, 2015
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14 Percent Have Other Chronic Conditions
19
Pain31%
Lung13%Diabetes
13%
Heart8%
ADD/HD3%
Cancer3%
Migraines1%
Other28%
Source: MHA Screening, May-August, 2015
No Co-Occurring
86%
Co-Occurring
14%
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People Reporting Chronic Pain Who are Positive for a Mental Illness
77%
23%
PositiveNegative
N=10353, May-August 2015
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Children and Mental Illness: Early Warning Signs
Anxiety Screening
6%
Bipolar Screening
16%
Depression Screening
70%
PTSD Screening
1%
Youth Screening
7%
N=36,346 (May-July 2015). PTSD, SUD, and Parent Screens were <1% combined.
80.4% of youth taking youth screen were positive/at risk. Results of other screens not validated for youth.
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Implement the Free Care Rule
As of December, 2014, schools can now bill Medicaid for ubiquitous screening offered free to all students, for those students who are Medicaid-eligible.
http://www.medicaid.gov/federal-policy-guidance/downloads/smd-medicaid-payment-for-services-provided-without-charge-free-care.pdf“As a result, Federal Financial Participation (FFP) is available for Medicaid payments for care provided through providers that do not charge individuals for the service, as long as all other Medicaid requirements are met.”
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Strategy #3: Care Integration
• 80% of people with mental illnesses have a primary care provider.
• 70% of MH prescriptions are written by PCPs.• Must address provider shortage.• Reimbursement strategies – will strategic rate
increases lead to more providers?• Reform 42 CFR Pt.2 – you can’t treat a whole person
with half a record.• Don’t use police and sheriffs as EMTs, courts and jails as
health care centers, or lawyers and judges as clinical care teams.
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Strategy #4: Recovery as the Goal
• Even when cure is not possible, recovery is (e.g. heart disease).
• Identify realistic goals with the individual.• Don't wait for a crisis to act.• Offer meaningful educational, employment, and housing
supports.• Provide family supports, wrap-around services, and
social supports.
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Strategy #5: Use Peers To Promote Recovery to Health
30 States permit peer reimbursement, but few
use it extensively.
MHA initiative: nationally certified peers working in
integrated health care settings as part of a
clinical team.
Evidence-based: Cochrane Review, 2013 – found
peers as effectively in promoting recovery as other clinical services.
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What’s the Alternative? Hospitalization?Mood disorders ranking by age group as principle inpatient diagnosis:
Age 1-17 #1
Age 18-44 #3 Note: 4 of top 5 related to delivery
Age 45-64 #5 Note: top four related to aging
Source: “Most Frequent Conditions in US Hospitals, 2010,” AHRQ, January 2013
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What’s the Alternative? Homelessness?
33%38%
26%
Serious MI Alcohol Dependency Drug Dependency
Percent of Homeless People
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MHA’s Call to Action: Intervention #B4Stage4.
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B4Stage4 Is MHA’s Overarching Message Frame
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Why Intervene B4Stage 4?
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What Everyone Wants
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THANK YOU!