Mental Disorders : Perspectives

1. Diathesis- Stress : predisposition, maturation, learning2. Psychodynamic, psychoanalytic, Freudian id, ego, superego, libido, Eros, Thanatos psychosexual: oral (0-2), anal (2-3), phallic (Oedipus, 3-6), latency (6-12), genital (12- ) anxiety: objective, moral, neurotic, free-floating, phobic, panic reaction, ego defenses: (see “ Personality” plus displacement, intellectualization, denial)3. Medical4. Cognitive/ learning5. Humanistic/ existential - Maslow, Rogers authenticity, becoming, self-actualization existential neurosis ( Maddi, 1967), premorbid stage client-centered unconditional - positive regard

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual V ( DSM V )of American Psychiatric Association--------------------------------------------------------------------------Edmonton in 1988: Prevalence - % (comorbidity ?)Substance abuse disorder 20.6 hi maleAnxiety 11.2 hi femaleMood 10.2 hi femalePersonality 3.7 hi maleSchizophrenia+other psychotic 0.7 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------Anxiety Disorders: panic, , phobic(agoraphobia, social, specific), obsessive-compulsiveSomatoform Disorders: somatization (hypochondriasis), conversionDissociative Disorders: amnesia, fugue, multiple-personality

Personality Disorders:*a. antisocial (dissocial)- decency standards, no guilt*b. paranoid - suspiciousness, extreme mistrust of others*c. schizoid - social withdrawal, lack of concern for others d. schizotypal - unusual cognitions, poor communication, social*e. histrionic - attention-seeking, looks f. narcissistic - self-promoting, no empathy, attention-seeking*g. borderline (unstable) - no impulse control, mood swings, suicidal h. avoidant - oversensitive to rejection, no social confidence i. dependent - on others, indecisive j. obsessive-compulsive - rules, order, perfectionism, can’t relax Video: Pers.Dis.Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders (comorbidity):Alcohol and other drugs (e.g., cocaine, heroin, etc.)Blum (1995): Reward deficiency syndrome ICSS, dopamine

Hare & Babiak (2010)Dutton (2012)

Leadership Psychopathy

Charismatic Superficial charm

Ability to influence Manipulation

Persuasive Con artist

Visionary thinking Fabrication of stories

Risk taking Impulsivity

Action oriented Thrill seeking

Make hard decisions Emotional poverty

Schizophrenia ( Bleuler ) :Positive ( dopamine ) vs. negative ( brain damage ) symptomsCatatonic, paranoid, disorganized (hebephrenic) Video: Schizo.Mood Disorders :Bipolar, Major depression, Dysthymic disorderLithium, Norepinephrine, SerotoninREM sleep, “depressogenic”

Video: Personality dis. Schizophrenia and delusional dis. Serious depression