Mendel and genetic definitions. Mendel and Heredity “Heredity” = the passing of DNA info from...
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Transcript of Mendel and genetic definitions. Mendel and Heredity “Heredity” = the passing of DNA info from...
![Page 1: Mendel and genetic definitions. Mendel and Heredity “Heredity” = the passing of DNA info from one generation to another. “Traits” = Different forms of.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052406/5a4d1b657f8b9ab0599afddc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Mendel and genetic definitions
![Page 2: Mendel and genetic definitions. Mendel and Heredity “Heredity” = the passing of DNA info from one generation to another. “Traits” = Different forms of.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052406/5a4d1b657f8b9ab0599afddc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Mendel and Heredity“Heredity” = the passing of DNA
info from one generation to another.“Traits” = Different forms of
characteristics that make up an organism.
Ex: Big, or little ears, Hairy or bald head, presence or absence of a birth mark are all different traits.
![Page 3: Mendel and genetic definitions. Mendel and Heredity “Heredity” = the passing of DNA info from one generation to another. “Traits” = Different forms of.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052406/5a4d1b657f8b9ab0599afddc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
In the mid-1800’s, a monk named Gregor Mendel began breeding pea plants together to study how traits were passed from parents to offspring.
The traits he studied were: seed shape, seed color, seed coat color,pod shape, pod color, flower position, flower color, stem height.
Heredity
![Page 4: Mendel and genetic definitions. Mendel and Heredity “Heredity” = the passing of DNA info from one generation to another. “Traits” = Different forms of.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052406/5a4d1b657f8b9ab0599afddc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Mendel and genetic definitions. Mendel and Heredity “Heredity” = the passing of DNA info from one generation to another. “Traits” = Different forms of.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052406/5a4d1b657f8b9ab0599afddc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Heredity TermsParent Generation:
The original two organisms in a study that are crossed/mated.
F1 Offspring: The first generation that is created during a controlled experiment.
F2 Offspring: The 2nd generation created by mating the F1 generation.
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More Terms“Allele”
The different version of the same gene or trait.
Ex: Gene/Trait: Nose Length-One allele for nose length might be “short nose”, meaning that if an organism shows that allele, they will have a short nose.
Another allele for nose length might be “long nose”, meaning that if an organism shows that allele, they will have a long nose.
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You get one allele from your mom, and one from your dad. Sometimes they match (both give you a blue eye gene), and sometimes they don’t match (one gives you brown hair gene, while one gives you blonde hair gene).
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Dominant and RecessiveSince you have two copies of each
allele- one from mom, and one from dad- your body must decide which one to “express” or show.
The “stronger” of the two alleles will be the one that is expressed. This is called a dominant gene.
The allele that is not expressed, and is essentially hidden inside someone, is called the recessive gene.
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Hetero and HomoHetero means “different”Homo means “same”“Homozygous” = an organism
with two matching alleles- two dominant or two recessive.
Ex: AA or aa“Heterozygous” = an organism
with one mismatched allelles- one dominant and one recessive.
Ex: Aa
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Purebred: A purebred organism is a result of many generations that show the same dominant and recessive traits. Ex: a poodle that came from 10 previous generations of all poodles.
Hybrid: An organism that shows the allele for one trait (furry toes), while also carrying the recessive trait (bald toes) hidden inside their genes.
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Genotype (Genetic Make up) the way a persons DNA is arranged. Ex: a person has the gene for dry tongue. All about the letters!
Phenotype the way a person is physically put together. Ex: A person has a dry tongue. What you see in the mirror!