• http://www.ted.com/talks/joshua_foer_feats_of_memory_anyone_can_do.html

Memory

Storing

Encoding

Retrieving

Memory

Persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information.

Recall

• A measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier.

Recognition

• A measure of memory in which the person need only to identify previously learned information.

relearning

A measure of memory that assess the amount of time it takes to learn something again.

Ebbinghaus Retention Curve

The more times one practices nonsense syllables, the fewer repetitions it takes to relearn.

Nonsense Syllables

Ebbinghaus

Lkj

Skdi

Lkj

Wer

Puj

xir

Encoding

The processing of information into the memory system

Storage

• The retention of encoded information over time.

Retrieval

• The process of getting information out of memory storage.

Atkinson & Shiffrin Model of Memory (1968)

Sensory Memory

Shor-Term Memory

Long-Term Memory

Sensory Memory

• Immediate, brief, recording of information

• Duration: .5 seconds

• Capacity: Unknown

Short-Term Memory

• Capacity: 5 +/- 2 chunks of information

• Duration: 15 seconds

George Sperling (1960)

George Miller (1956)

• The Magical Number 7, Plus or Minus 2.

• CHUNKING

Long-Term Memory

• Capacity: unknown

• Duration: unknown

Working Memory

• Newer model of Short-Term Memory that uses the desktop & windows model for memory.

Explicit Memory

• Memory of facts and experiences.

• Known as DECLARATIVE MEMORY

Implicit Memory

• Unconscious memory

• Known as NONDECLARATIVE MEMORY

Effortful Processing

• Encoding that requires attention & conscious effort.

Automatic Processing

• Encoding that is not intentional.

Iconic Memory

• Visual sensory memory

Echoic Memory

• Auditory memory

Levels of Processing Theory (Bransford & Marcia, 1972)

• Shallow Processing- appearance of letter.

• Deep Processing- semantic encoding

• Semantic- meaning

Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve (1885)