Members: Anusha Arif Fahad Siddiqui Hassan Khan

Muneeb Firoz

Power resourcesPower resources are sources

through which we obtain energy to fulfill our needs.

Power Resources in Pakistan

Non- renewable

Coal

Oil

Natural gas

Uranium

Renewable

Water

Solar power

Wind

Definition of Coal Coal is a combustible, sedimentary, organic rock. It is composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. It is formed from vegetation, which has been consolidated between other rocks and altered by the combined effects of pressure and heat over millions of years to form coal seams.

Coal mining in Pakistan Pakistan has about 185 billion tonnes of coal Pakistan tops in lignite coal-bearing countries in Asia as 97%

of coal reserves of Pakistan belong to lignite and remaining only 3% are sub-bituminous to bituminous.

Coal reserves are widely spread in Pakistan1. Balochistan: Khost, Sor Range, Degari, Mach, Shahrig, Harnai2. Punjab: Dandot Pidh3. KPK: Makerwal4. Sindh: Lakhra, Jhimpir, Sonda, Thar Coal is mainly imported from South Africa and Australia in

Pakistan It is transported through railways

Uses of coal Mainly used in brick kilns and coal briquetting Source for power generation Used to make coke Gases emitted during process of coke making are used to make fertilizers, solvents, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and other products Used in households and thermal power stations Used for heating purposes such as in boilers Used in cement factories Gasification of coal for cheap fuel

Thar coal projectIt is the second largest proven coal reserves in the world, spread over 9,100 square km with 175 billion tonnes of coal.The United States Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Pakistan have jointly unearthed huge coal seams in SindhThe indigenous Thermal Coal is a cheap cost fuel source for power generation.The Thar lignite can be converted into gas and liquid petroleum products and can be used in cement and fertilizer industriesThe lignite from Thar can also be transported and utilized by retro-fitted Thermal Power Plants in the country

Promotion of coal in Pakistan

Give priority to extraction of coal

Build more coal reserves

Introduce different methods of mining to extract bituminous and anthracite

Create awareness of its uses so companies fund in extracting coal

Introduce new technology and educate miners about their usage

Government should build proper infrastructure so less deaths occur

Media can play a key role by advertising importance of coal

Top Five Facts of CoalCoal-fired power stations generate 40% of global electricity.

About 70% of steel is created using coke, a high-carbon fuel made from coal.

The dandruff and head lice-zapping power of some shampoos is thanks to coal tar.

Coal can be turned into ammonia fertiliser by breaking it into carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.

Waste ash from coal-fired power stations can replace cement in concrete.

Quiz Time!

Coal is composed mainly of , and .

Coal is mainly used in and .

Pakistan has about of coal Coal reserves of 175 billion tonnes are recently found in .

Coal-fired power stations generate of global electricity.

Answers!Coal is composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen .

Coal is mainly used in brick kilns and coal briquetting.

Pakistan has about 185 billion tonnes of coal

Coal reserves of 175 billion tonnes are recently found in Thar.

Coal-fired power stations generate 40% of global electricity.