Member Country Report of INDONESIA

CCOP-52AS/3-8

52nd CCOP Annual Session 31 October - 3 November 2016 Bangkok, Thailand

Member Country Report of

INDONESIA

Submitted by

Indonesian Delegation/Geological Agency

(For Agenda Item 3)

COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP)

CCOP Member Country Report: INDONESIA 1

ANNUAL MEMBER COUNTRY REPORT

Country: INDONESIA Period: 1 July 2015 – 30 June 2016

I. OUTREACH

The technical activities have been reclassified into three sectors and seven programmes as follows: Geo-Resources (Mineral, Energy, Groundwater), Geo-Environment (Coastal, Geohazard, Environmental Geology), and Geo-information (Geo data and Information Management)

GEO-RESOURCES SECTOR

1. MINERAL PROGRAMME 1.1. Summary Decreasing demand and controversy over the issuance of new Local Government Law in October 2014, caused mineral exploration and production activities to slow down although, data of some commodities of mineral resources, such as bauxite, copper ore, iron sand and nickel ore tended to increase due to improved data flow from iup holder to government (Figure 1)

Figure 1. Bar charts of some mineral commodities resources and reserves of Indonesia 2011 - 2015

COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR GEOSCIENCE PROGRAMMES IN EAST AND SOUTHEAST ASIA (CCOP) CCOP Building, 75/10 Rama VI Road, Phayathai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand Tel: +66 (0) 2644 5468, Fax: +66 (0) 2644 5429, E-mail: [email protected], Website: www.ccop.or.th

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2 CCOP Member Country Report: INDONESIA

1.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities In the second semester of 2015, besides surface survey, subsurface survey using geophysical methods and core drilling also have been carried out at 2 locations each; Sumbawa and Sanggau for geophysical survey and East Belitung and South Solok for core drilling (Figure 2) In the first semester of 2016, metallic mineral exploration has been at Palalawan Regency, Riau for tin and REE, Murung Raya Regency, Central Kalimantan, North Padang Lawas Regency, North Sumatera, Buru Regency, Maluku, Sanggau Regency, West Kalimantan and North Luwu, South Sulawesi for gold, Sentani Regency, Papua for nickel and Pringsewu Regency, Lampung for iron ore. Besides metallic mineral exploration, non metallic mineral exploration was carried out in several areas including gemstones at Aceh and Maluku.

Figure 2. Location Map of Metallic Mineral Survey in 2nd Semester 2015 – 1st Semester 2016

1.3. Assistance Required from CCOP/Other Member Countries in Support of Future Activities A capacity building program in exploration methodology aspects and also a training program for integrated geophysical and geochemical data interpretation purposes are needed in order to improve exploration targets and to make new prospect discoveries. The exchange of various exploration experiences through establishment of a special forum dealing with relevant and actual issues between CCOP member countries would be helpful to cope with exploration problems encountered in any exploration project plan.

1.5. Others Comments

Direct responses on reviews mentioned above for improvement of project outcomes and for perfecting any exploration plans would be kindly requested from the technical director of CCOP.


Programme Contact Person: Hedy Hidayat Center for Mineral, Coal and Geothermal Resources Geological Agency of Indonesia Jl. Sukarno Hatta 444 Bandung, West Jawa, Indonesia Phone : +62-22-5202698; +62-22-5205572 Fax : +62-22-5226263 Email : [email protected]

2. ENERGY PROGRAMME

2.1. Hydrocarbons

2.1.1. Summary The total production areas are 27% of total area of the basins in Indonesia. The Oil

reserve status on January 1st, 2015, is 7.30 billion barrels, a decrease of 0.07 billion barrels (0.95%) compared to petroleum reserves on January 1st, 2014 (7.38 billion barrels). For natural gas, there is an increase in reserves of 151.33 TCF or 1.36% increase compared to natural gas reserves on January 1st, 2014 (149.3 TCF) (Directorate General of Oil and Gas, 2015). On the other hand, there is the addition of condensate amounting to 789.18 BCF (Figure 3). Based on data of late 2015, National Reserve Potential of oil and gas is 5.2 billion barrels of oil equivalent, consisting of 2.7 billion barrels of oil and 14 trillion cubic feet of gas, estimated from 108 proven oil and gas discovery wells (KEN, 2016).

Figure 3. Oil and Gas Reserve Map, Status January 1st, 2015 (Directorate General of Oil and Gas, 2015) 2.1.2. Annual Review of Technical Programs/ Activities

Oil and gas are considered to be strategic resources for Indonesia. The country is estimated to have resources of 79,683 MMBOE in place (Figure 4). Indonesia also has identified some areas that have potential shale hydrocarbon with total resources of 574.07 TCF (Figure 5).

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Figure 4. Indonesian hydrocarbon resources map as of 1st January 2015

Figure 5. Indonesia Sedimentary Basins and Hydrocarbon Shale Potential (Geological Agency, 2011)

To support the Government's policy to increase the reserve replacement ratio (RRR) to

more than 100% for the next 5 years, exploration research activities of LEMIGAS during the years 2015 saw intensification of Oil and Gas Exploration in Eastern Indonesia and exploration for unconventional Oil and Gas resources.

2.1.2.1. Intensification of Oil and Gas Exploration in Eastern Indonesia

The Intensification of Oil and Gas Exploration study is done in Atambua area, Nusa Tenggara Timurand Mamberamo area, Papua (Figure 6) and it is performed in order to find the new oil and gas resources as well as status improvement of the basins related to oil exploration.


Study activities include geological and geophysical (G&G) surveys, processing and interpretation of geological, gravity, magnetic and magnetotellurics (MT) and audio Magnetotelluric (AMT) data as a basis for planning the seismic survey of the most potentially promising areas in 2016 which will be used as materials for petroleum system analysis.

Figure 6. Location map of study area for Intensification of Oil & Gas exploration in Eastern Indonesia Region.

2.1.2.2. Unconventional Hydrocarbon in Palembang and Jambi Area South Sumatera.

Based on the evaluation of available data, it can be concluded that the Late Oligocene Talangakar Formation (TAF) is estimated to have the best shale hydrocarbon potential, followed by Eocene – Early Oligocene Lemat / Lahat Formation (LEF / LAF). On the other hand, the Gumai Formation has a minimum potential due to having low TOC and maturity levels. Shale hydrocarbon resource calculation results in the Jambi and North Palembang Sub-Basins is approximately 9586 MMBOE, where the Original Gas in Place (OGIP) is about 54.77 TCF (9.420 MMBOE) and the Original Oil In Place (OOIP) is about 165.55 MMBOE).

2.1.2.3. Working Area As per 1 Januari 2015, Indonesia has 332 blocks (working areas) as seen in Figure 6.

Compared to status of 1 January 2014 (225 blocks), the number of blocks increased by 6 blocks this year. These blocks consist of 196 exploration blocks, 79 production blocks, 54 blocks of CBM and 4 shale gas block. during year 2015 (Figure 7).

The evaluation areas consist of 9 candidates of New Blocks including, Atsy (Asmat District), Boka (Mimika District), Tanah Merah Utara (BovenDigoel District), East Tanimbar (Tanimbar Island), Merauke (Merauke District), East Misool (Raja Ampat District), East Kai (South East Maluku District), Teluk Bone (East – North Luwuk District) and Tomini (Poso and Tojo Una-Una District). Five of the target areas are located offshore, and four of them are onshore (see Figure 8).


Figure 7. Indonesia Unconventional Oil and Gas working area map as of March 2016

Figure 8. Recommendation of New Working Area by Geological Agency (2014)

There is also an activity regarding data review of unsold Blocks conducted by the Research and Development Centre for Oil and Gas Technology “LEMIGAS” to improve data quality and understanding exploration concept within the blocks. The main goal of this activity is to reveal their accurate hydrocarbon prospects to find the possibility of re-offering the unsold Blocks to the investors.

2.1.2.4. CCS Programme.

Currently, LEMIGAS has been successfully mapping potential geological formations for CO2 storage across the country along with their storage capacity. LEMIGAS has also identified large stationary CO2 sources in Indonesia. Another assessment was focused on CO2 management on low-rank coal utilization in South Sumatera and East Kalimantan.


2.1.3. Proposed Future Activities and Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of

Future Activities

• Exploration in the frontier areas that lack of data and infrastructure, especially in the off-shore and deep sea area which need knowledge sharing and technical assistance from the CCOP Networking.

• Sharing best practice and lessons learnt from hydrocarbon exploration in cross border area.

• Sharing best practices and lessons learn in developing unconventional hydrocarbon resources, such as shale hydrocarbon and coalbed methane (CBM).

• Sharing best practices and lessons learnt from CCS projects in conjunction with Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) or Enhanced Gas Recovery (EGR).

• Continuosly enhance collaboration to improve better understanding on CCS chains technologies.

2.2. Coal, Coalbed Methane and Shale Gas 2.2.1. Summary CBM development opportunities in Indonesia are becoming more promising. Investors will be encouraged by the Government to acquire CBM working areas by providing the investment certainty in CBM development through established CBM regulations and Terms and Conditions, information of availability of subsurface data and infrastructure, and data information of CBM resources distributed in 11 coal basins. In 2014, the government of Indonesia plans to continue offering new working areas for CBM. The selected areas to be offered will be in Kalimantan and Sumatera Island (Figure 9).

Figure 9. Map of CBM working area status 2015 (Source : Directorate General Oil and Gas, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Republic of Indonesia)

Total coal resources of Indonesia until 2015 (Table 1) is 125,283.83 million tons consisting of low calory value (<5,100 cal/g, adb) 32,637.12 million tons(26.05%),medium calory value (5,100 – 6,100 cal/g, adb) 82,262.66 million tons (65.66%), high calory value (6,100 – 7,100 cal/g, adb) 8,269.73 million tons(6.60%) and very high calory value (>7,100 cal/g,adb) 2,114.32 million tons (1.69%). Based on the stage of investigation, the coal resources


comprises hypothetical 19,466.81 million tons, inferred 36,464.63 million tons, indicated 29,313,11 million tons and measured 40,039.28 million tons. Coal reserves of Indonesia until 2015 are 32,360.94 million tons consist of probable reserves 23,290.89 million tons and proven reserves 9,070.04 million tons.

Total oil shale resources of Indonesia until 2015 (Table 1) are 11,635.46 million tons consisting of hypothetical resources 10,389.46 million tons and inferred resources 1,246.00 million tons.

Table 1. Oil shale resources of Indonesia, 2015

No. Location Oil Yield (liter/ton)

Resorces (million tons) Hypothetical Inferred Total

1 Sumatera 1 – 256 10,050.37 1,067.71 11,118.08 2 Jawa 5 – 140 27.47 7.26 34.73 3 Kalimantan 1 -102 146.51 94.24 240.75 4 Sulawesi 4 – 248 91.25 76.79 168.04 5 Maluku 1 – 5 39.29 0.00 39.29 6 Papua 2 - 75 24.57 0.00 34.57

T O T A L 10,389.46 1,246.00 11,635.46

2.2.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities From mid July 2015 - June 2016, the Geological Agency, has conducted several activities in updating and adding energy resources data and information, particularly coal, oil shale and coalbed methane. These activities were conducted in Jambi, East Kalimantan, South Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and South Sumatera

From 2015 until 2016 (July 2015 - June 2016), Geological Agency conducted 2 Coalbed Methane (CBM) exploration with coal drilling and gas measurement (Figure 10).

From July – August 2015, Geological Agency conducted 1 CBM exploration with 2 drilling well activities namely AMB-01 and TTA-01 at Upau, South Kalimantan Province. In this area found 16 coal seam with thickness between 0.30 – 37.25 m. Coal Calorific Values (CV) ranges from 4,447 – 6,196 cal/g (adb), with Moisture (M) content 8.21 - 11.45% (adb), Volatile Matter (VM) 37.70 – 50.82% (adb), Ash content 0.76 -22.63% (adb) and Total Sulphur 0.06 - 0.56% (adb). Coal hypothetical resources in this area, assuming with thickness greater than or equal to 1 meter, are estimated as 169,455,000 tons. Total gas hypothetical resources in this area are estimated as 168,985,700 scf while CBM hypothetical resources are estimated as 675.619.550 scf, as calculated only from coal resources from 257.40 – 471.75 m depth.

In September – October 2015, Geological Agency conducted 1 CBM exploration on Tamiang Layang, Central Kalimantan. In this area 6 coal seams with thickness between 0.30 – 2.72 m were found. Coal Calorific Values (CV) range from 3,719 – 7,709 cal/g (adb), with Volatile Matter (VM) 31.68 – 48.21% (adb), Ash content 2.18 -48.20% (adb) and Total Sulphur 0.83 – 5.99% (adb). Coal hypothetical resources in this block, assuming seam thicknesses greater than or equal to 1 meter, are estimated as 10,408,581 tons. Total gas hypothetical resources in this area estimated as 265,073,849 scf, calculated from coal resources from 177.00 – 190.10 m depth.


In July until December 2015, coal preliminary exploration was conducted in 2 regions in Indonesia, namely Batusawar (Tebo and Batanghari Regency, Jambi Province) and Pelalawan (Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province)

In Batusawar 5 coal seams were found in the Muaraenim Formation with thickness 0.20 – 1.50 m. Coal calorific value in this area is between 4,883 – 6,010 cal/g (adb) with Moisture content (M) 6.57 – 9.09% (adb) while Ash content between 1.42 – 14.28% (adb). Volatile Matter (VM) in Batusawar between 43.85 – 50.88% (adb) while Total Sulphur 0.26 – 0.32% (adb). Coal hypothetical resources in this area are 3,215,620 tons. In Pelalawan 4 coal seams were found in the Petani Formation with thickness 0.45 – 1.20 m. Coal calorific value in this area is between 4,767 – 5,787 cal/g (adb) with Moisture (M) content 6.60 – 8.21% (adb) while Ash content between 2.33 – 16.15% (adb). Volatile Matter (VM) in Pelalwan is between 41.00 – 50.92% (adb) while Total Sulphur 0.24 – 1.83% (adb). Coal hypothetical resources in this area are 3,860,090 tons. Besides undertaking Coal preliminary exploration in 2015, Geological Agency conducted coal exploration with seismic and drilling in 1 location in Indonesia, namely Tabak (South Barito Regency, Central Kalimantan)

Figure 10. Map of CBM exploration area status July 2015 - June 2016 (Source : Geological Agency,

Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Republic of Indonesia) In Tabak, 11 coal seams were found in 4 drill holes. These were found in the Warukin and Montalat Formations. Coal thickness in this region is about 0.20 – 8.60 m, while coal calorific value is between 3,715 – 5,927 cal/g (adb). Moisture contents for these 11 coal seams are 5.42 – 7.77% (adb) while Ash content 3.01 – 33.59% (adb). Volatile matter content is between 34.71 – 51.37% (adb) while total sulphur value 0.19 – 1.40% (adb). Coal resources in this region were inferred. Coal inferred and hypothetical resources in Tabak are 96,786,181 tons. From January until June 2016, Geological Agency did preliminary coal exploration in 4 locations namely Muara Jernih (Merangin Regency, Jambi Province), Long Bangun (Mahakam Hulu Regency, East Kalimantan Province), Bone (Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province) and Tawanga (East Kolaka Regency, South East Sulawesi Province) (Figure 11)


Figure 11. Map of coal exploration area status July 2015 - June 2016 (Source : Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Republic of Indonesia)

In Muara Jernih 5 coal seams were found in the Mengkarang Formation with thickness 0.50 – 2.00 m. Until now coal values and petrography analyses for this region are still in process. Coal hypothetical resources in this area are 3,398,308 tons. In Long Bangun 5 coal seams were found in Batuayau Formation with thickness 0.95 – 1.80 m. Until now coal proximate and petrography analysis for this region still in process. Calculation for Coal hypothetical resources in this area is still in progress. In Bone 4 coal seams were found in the Walanae Formation with thickness 0.70 – 1.70 m. Until now coal proximate and petrography analysis for this region still in progress. Coal hypothetical resource in this area is 3,508,120 tons. In Tawanga 2 coal seams were found in the Meluhu Formation with thickness 0.50 – 1.00 m. Until now coal proximate and petrography analysis for this region are still in progress. Coal hypothetical resource in this area is 636,076 tons.

From January until June 2016, Geological Agency undertook oil shale preliminary exploration in 1 locations namely, Pujon (Kapuas Regency, Central Kalimantan Province). Until now, the result of this exploration still awaited. (Figure 12)

Figure 12. Map of oil shale exploration area status July 2015 - June 2016 (Source : Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Republic of Indonesia)


2.3. Geothermal

2.3.1 Summary As of December 2015, Geological Agency has been identified 330 geothermal locations with total geothermal energy potential of about 29,543.5 MW consisting of 7,054.5 MW speculative resources, 4,943 MW hypothetical resources, 14,435 MW possible reserves, 823 MW probable reserves and 2,288 MW of proven reserves (Figure 13). Indonesia had set a long-term policy for the development of geothermal energy, as embodied in the Geothermal Development Road Map 2004-2025. Indonesia has a target to develop geothermal energy around five percent of our national energy needs, or about 9,500 MWe generated by geothermal energy in 2025. The government has targeted electric capacity of the project of 35,000 MW in the period from 2015 to 2019, amounting to 1,160 MW come from geothermal electricity (PLTP), it is necessary some breakthroughs that capacity addition projects of 35,000 MW can be realized, since there are many barriers in realizing the program (Table 2). Currently, Indonesia's geothermal energy produces only about 1,438.5 MW, or less than 5% of the total resource potential of geothermal energy in Indonesia. Nowadays, there are 11 power plants in Indonesia. They produce electricity from geothermal energy consists of 235 MW in Kamojang, 270 MW in Darajat, 377 MW in G. Salak, 12 MW in Sibayak, 227 MW in Wayang Windu, 80 MW in Lahendong, 60 MW in Dieng, 110 MW in Ulubelu, 10 MW in Ulumbu, 55 MW in Patuha, and 2.5 MW in Mataloko.

Figure 13. Geothermal Area Distribution Map and Its Potential in Indonesia (Geological Agency).


Table 2. List of Geothermal Project Indonesia in 2015 - 2019

Source: Directorate General Electricity

2.3.2. Annual Review of Technical Programs/Activities Geological Agency has being carrying out geothermal surveys at several areas in 2015. To increase the status of survey and to accelerate geothermal development, the Geological Agency conducted preliminary surveys, detailed surveys, heat flow surveys, thermal gradient drillings, and monitoring of exploration wells. Preliminary surveys in three (3) locations, namely: Banda Island (Maluku Province), Kuantan Singingi (Riau), Tanjung Jabung (Jambi). Heat flow surveys in three (3) locations, namely: Permis (Bangka Belitung), Amohola (Southeast Sulawesi). Detailed surveys in eight (8) locations, namely: Diloniyohu (Gorontalo), Bulungan (North Kalimantan), Parigi (Central Sulawesi), Pantar Island (East Nusa Tenggara), Maritaing (East Nusa Tenggara), Wai Sano (East Nusa Tenggara), Dolok Marawa (North Sumatera) and Pohon Batu (Maluku). Thermal gradient drilling is in two (2) locations: Kadidia (Central Sulawesi) and Cubadak (West Sumatera). Furthermore, monitoring of exploration wells are in the Mataloko field. In order to improve the human resources capability in assessing and evaluating geothermal resource, Geological Agency also has undertaken cooperation with foreign counterparts. One foreign counterpart who is willing to cooperate to improve human resource capabilities, particularly in the field of geothermal exploration and development, is the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Through the mechanism of a grant, JICA is willing to do the training for geothermal experts in Geological Agency both in the field and in the processing of data from field activity. Cooperation with JICA activities has been planned since 2009 and continued until 2014, and in 2015 the two sides to resumed this cooperation until the year 2019. For fiscal year 2015 the theme is "Capacity Building For The Enhancement Of Geothermal Exploration Technologies In Indonesia


Programme Contact Person: Hydrocarbon Panuju Research and Development Center for Oil and Gas Technology “LEMIGAS” Jl. Ciledug Raya Kav. 109, Kebayoran Lama Jakarta 12230, Indonesia Phone : +62-21-7394422 Ext. 1310. Fax : +62-21-7251413, +62-21-7246150. Mobile : +62-811-1812000 Email : [email protected]

Geothermal and Coal/CBM/Oil Shale Hedy Hidayat Center for Mineral, Coal and Geothermal Resources Geological Agency of Indonesia Jl. Sukarno Hatta 444 Bandung, West Jawa, Indonesia Phone : +62-22-5202698; +62-22-5205572 Fax : +62-22-5226263 Email : [email protected]

3. GROUNDWATER PROGRAMME

3.1. Summary

Referring to the main tasks of the Center of Groundwater Resources and Environmental Geology (CGREG), Geological Agency (GA); as previous years, the activity on groundwater conducted by CGREG-GA during the period of year 2015 and 2016 (July 1, 2015 – June 30, 2016) can be divided into four groups as follows.

1. Hydrogeological mapping based on systematic sheet of Indonesia scale 1:250,000 2. Groundwater survey based on groundwater basin (GWB). 3. Monitoring of groundwater quantity and quality 4. Groundwater research and development 5. Evaluation and monitoring on groundwater management in Indonesia

3.2. Annual Review of Technical Programmes/Activities

Detailed activities related to groundwater which were conducted by CGREG-GA during the period of July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016 can be described as follows:

• Hydrogeological/Groundwater Mapping

The main objective of the hydrogeological mapping scale 1:250,000 is to obtain the information on hydrogeological units, groundwater occurrence, and productivity of the aquifer within the mapping areas. Hydrogeological maps that have been finished during this period consist 10 (ten) quadrangles, namely Keerom Sheet, Bufareh Sheet, Jayawijaya

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Mountain Sheet, Kamulon Sheet, Mapi Sheet, Wamena Sheet, Puncak Trikora Sheet, Muting Sheet, Tanah Merah Sheet, and Sarabih Sheet

• Groundwater Survey based on Groundwater Basin

In this period, this survey was focused on investigation of aquifer conservation which is aimed for producing conservation zone map based on quality and quantity groundwater damage. The groundwater basin which is inter-province transboundary groundwater basin (GWB) that had been investigated during this period are: Karang Agung GWB, Sumatera Island, Muara Bungo GWB, Sumatera Island, Muara Dua – Curup GWB (Sumatera Island), Tanjung Selor GWB (Kalimantan Island), Lasem GWB (Java Island), Sidareja GWB (Java Island), Randublatung GWB (Java Island, Kutacane GWB (Sumatera Island), Natal-Ujunggading GWB (Sumatera Island), Sibulussalam GWB (Sumatera Island), Bangko-Sorolangun GWB, (Sumatera Island)

• Monitoring of Groundwater Quantity and Quality Monitoring of groundwater quantity and quality is conducted to obtain the condition of groundwater in quantity and quality. In this period, 13 (thirteen) groundwater monitoring wells were built, especially monitoring for water table measurement. The location of groundwater monitoring wells are Tangerang (Banten Province), North Jakarta (Jakarta Province), Bekasi (West Java Province), West Bandung (West Java Province), Tegal (Central Java Province), Tegal City (Central Java Province), Blora (Central Java Province), Sleman, (Yogyakarta Province), Nganjuk (East Java Province), Jombang (East Java Province), Kediri, (East Java Province). In this period, we also conducted groundwater data inventory for Hydrogeological Information System in the main cities in Indonesia

• Groundwater Research and Development a. Groundwater Research in this period was focused on Karst Area and Small Islands,

namely : 1. Groundwater research on Karst Area in 2 (two) locations, namely :

- Wonosari Karst Area, Yogyakarta Province - Kupang Karst Area, East Nusa Tenggara Province

2. Groundwater research on small islands in 2 (two) islands, namely : - Lembeh Island, North Sulawesi Province - Natuna Island, Riau Islands Province

b. Groundwater Exploration and Development in Areas of Water Shortage In 2015,the total number of exploration wells which were then developed to be production wells were 105 wells distributed in 21 provinces.. While in 2016, groundwater exploration which consists hydrogeology and geophysics investigation were conducted in 38 locations, sphread out in 3 provinces.

• Evaluation and Monitoring on Groundwater Management in Indonesia

Due to the cancelation of Indonesian Law No. 7 on Water Resources, new regulations including regulation on Groundwater Management in Indonesia should be prepared and finished shortly. In the year of 2015, one Presidential Decree was produced which is Presidential Decree Nr 121/2015 on Water Resoures Enterprise. This regulation was prepared by The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources and The Ministry of Public Works. We are also preparing a regulation on The Guidance of Permit and Technical Recommendation of Groundwater Use.


3.3. Assistance Required from CCOP in Support of Future Activities Technical assistance from CCOP is required, mainly as follows.

• Groundwater quantification and modeling in urban development groundwater basins (expertise, training, budget).

• Groundwater quantity and quality monitoring in urban groundwater basins (network design of groundwater monitoring wells, installation, expertise and budgetNothing to report

Programme Contact Person: Idham Effendi Geological Agency of Indonesia Jl Diponegoro 57, Bandung, Indonesia Fax : +62-22-7206167 Phone : +62-22-7274705 Mobile : +62-813 – 2816-5571 Email: [email protected]

GEO-ENVIRONMENT SECTOR 4. COASTAL ZONE PROGRAMME 4.1. Summary The Marine Geology Institute (MGI) belongs to the Agency of Research and Development of Energy and Mineral Resouces, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resouces. There were 4 main activities/ priorities in the July 2015 – June 2016 period, such as: Research and Development of (1) Sedimentary Basin Data Enrichment, (2) Marine Energy Potential, (3) Seabed Mineral Potential, and (4) Supporting of Coastal and Marine Development.


• Research and identification of offshore sedimentary basins in Aru islands waters, West Papua (Figure 14). Based on the marine geological and geophysical mapping results along ± 2000 km line. The results are summmmarised in the illustrations below.

Research area

Figure .14. Research area map and Seismic record on L-03_1 (NW-SE)


• Marine Renewable Energy in the Larantuka strait, NTT (Figure.15) and Lembeh strait, Bitung, North Sulawesi. A marine energy pilot project was developed in order to strengthen the ability of the marine energy industry in Indonesia and as a basis for evaluating the system and connection optimization as well as compatibility with the existing electricity network system; Studies of the environmental impact of marine energy facilities (erosion, sediment distribution, etc.) and also the social impacts of the marine energy , studies and identificate of biogenic gas prospecting area. Potenial : 31 Mw; Pilot project > 1 Mw; MoU implementation of Indonesia-Austria; Early stage: Pilot project (2016-2017) is followed developing stage to commercialize maritime industry cluster (offgrid in 2018).

• Seabed Mineral and Mineral Placer (and REE) research Research on marine placer heavy minerals and REE implemented in mid 2015 to 2016 carried out at Toboali, Bangka Belitung Province (Figure 16) and Singkep coasts and its surrounding, Riau Islands Province. The background and purpose of this study is shown in (Table 3).

The REE content of sediment at coast and outcrop. Other than mapping of heavy mineral potential and REE content on the coast and offshore in Western Indonesia Region, this activity is also to determine the pattern of paleo-channel distribution. This activity is in collaboration with KIGAM, Republic of Korea.

Figure 15 Larantuka strait,located between Flores and Adonara Island, NTT. n

Figure 16. Bathymetry map of Toboali waters, South Bangka


Table 3. Background and Output of Marine Placer Mineral and REE in Western Indonesia Region

• Marine and Coastal Geology Supporting Coastal and Marine Development Research of marine and coastal environment geology implemented in mid 2015 to 2016 carried out at North Sulawesi (Figure 17). The background and purpose of this study as shown in (Table 4).

Table 4. Background and Output of Marine and coastal environment geology research

Background Output Final Result Impact

The need for data on environmental conditions of marine geology in particular to minimize the impact of pollution and natural disasters. Marine geology study to find out the paleo-environmental conditions and continental shelf of Indonesia for the determination and submission limits of the Continental Shelf Indonesia, both from the legal aspects as well as technical aspects (Article 76 UNCLOS-82).

• Scientific report. • Thematic map of

coastal (1: 250.000) and Offshore Systematic map (1:500.000); Regional oceanography modelling & paleo environment reconstruction

Geological Marine Data Centre

Recommendation & evaluation on Energy and Mineral Resouces sector.

Background Output Final Result Impact

• Western Indonesia Region is known as one of the world's tin main producer,

• The unique geology condition (Main Tin Belt Granite),

• Paleo-channel distribution as accumulation place of placer heavy mineral and REE quartenarry deposite

• Scientific report, • Map/Atlas, and • Scientific

publication

Availability of placer mineral and REE potential data as marine mineral resources

Improving people's welfare

Figure 17. Location map of Indonesia continent shelf survey


Programme Contact Person: Noor Cahyo D Aryanto Marine Geological Institute Energy and Mineral Resources Research and Development Agency Jl. Dr. Junjunan 236, Bandung, Indonesia Phone : +62-22-6032201, +62-22-6032020 ext 135 Fax : +62-22-6017887 Mobile : +62-811 247 547 Email : [email protected] and [email protected]

4. GEO-HAZARDS PROGRAMME (VOLCANO, EARTHQUAKE, TSUNAMI AND LANDSLIDE) 5. 1. Summary

The main tasks of the Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM) are to conduct research, investigation and services of volcanology and geological hazard mitigation (volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunami, landslides). Since the first semester of the 2016 budget year CVGHM also has a national priority duty to finish five kinds of themathic maps in SHP format of the 17 provinces area. The themathic file consists of volcano geologic map, volcano hazard map, earthquake hazard map, tsunami hazard map, and landslide susceptibility map.


5.2.1 Volcano

From 127 active volcanoes in Indonesia, 69 are continuously monitored by CVGHM. During the period of July 2015–June 2016 (Table 5) , eleven volcanoes erupted. One volcano erupted and necessitated evacuation and caused fatalities, this is Sinabung volcano. Sinabung eruption from 2013-2016 caused around 33.000 people to be evacuated. Twenty-four (24) fatalities resulted due to phyroclasitc flow. Six volcanoes (Sinabung, Bromo, Raung, Rinjani, Ibu, and Dukono) erupted and disturbed commercial flights due to volcanic ash contamination in the air. The other volcanoes (Kerinci, Semeru, Lokon, Karangetang, Gamalama, Ibu, and Dukono) have been erupting intermittenly or continuously for several years but have not necessitated evacuation.

Table 5. Volcanoes erupted in the period of July 2015 – June 2016.

Volcano Date

Sinabung Explosion and phyroclastic flows continuously since 15 September 2013 up to now

Kerinci Explosion on Maret 2016

Bromo Ash emission continuously since December 2015 up to now

Semeru Intermittent explosion continuously since 2009 up to now

Raung Ash emission, lava flow, and Strombollian from July-November 2015




Rinjani Ash emission, lava flow, and Strombollian from 25 October 2015-19 January 2016

Lokon Explosion on 30 August 2015

Gamalama Explosion 16 Juli 2015

Karangetang Lava flows and lava avalanche from January-December 2015

Ibu Lava dome growing continuously since 1998

Dukono Ash emission continuously since mid 1990

Currently there are three volcanoes in alert level III (Sinabung, Karangetang, and Lokon) and 20 volcanoes (Soputan, Ambang, Sangeangapi, Slamet, Rokatenda, Kelud, Ibu, Lewotobi Perempuan, Ijen, Gamkonora, Papandayan, Dieng, Gamalama, Bromo, Semeru, Talang, Anak Krakatau, Marapi, Dukono, and Kerinci) in alert level II (Figure 18 - 19)

Figure 18. Some volcanoes eruption from July 2015-June 2016 disturbed commercial flight due to volcanic ash contamination in the air.

Figure 19. Sinabung eruption on August 2015. Explosion and phyroclastic flows continuously since 15 September 2013 up to now.


5.2.2. Earthquakes

During the period July 2015 to June 2016 there were eight destructive earthquake events as tabulated bellow (Table 6). These events caused thousands of buildings to be damaged, nearly a hundred people injured and one fatality. All of the earthquakes were located in shallow depth.

Table 6. Destructive earthquakes during period July 2015 – June 2016 in Indonesia.

No. Earthquake Location

Date of Event Epicenter (USGS)

Depth (km)

Mag. (Richter scale)

Victim Died Injure Damage

Building 1 Madiun, Jawa

Timur 25 Juni 2015 Koordinat: 7.47084° LS - 111.78852° BT

1 4.2 0

0

57

2 Mamberamo, Papua 28 Juli 2015

Koordinat: 2.87° LS – 138.53° BT

49 7.2 1 - 5

3 Sorong, Papua Barat

24 September

2015

Koordinat: 0.59°LS – 131.27°BT

10 6.8 - 67 911

4 Alor, Nusa Tenggara Timur

4 November 2015

Koordinat 8.20° LS dan 124.94° BT

10 6.2 - 3 1093

5 Halmahera Barat, Maluku Utara

20 November 2015

Koordinat: 1.1° LU – 127.45° BT

4.8 - - 934

6 Tarakan, Kalimantan Utara

21 Desember 2015

Koordinat: 3.61 LU – 117.67 BT

6.1 - - 7

7 Buru Selatan, Maluku 17 Januari 2016


10 5.4 - 8 120

8 Sumba Barat, NTT

12 Februari 2016


60 6.6 - - 9

Figure 8. Damaged road in Klangon Village-Madiun caused by 4,2 SR magnitude of Madiun Earthquake (left and center) and in front of National Television station, Madiun (right) June 2015.


5.2.3 Tsunami

During this period there were no tsunami reported. Activities in tsunami sector are such as tsunami hazard mapping and investigation on tsunamigenic deposits (Figure 20). Tsunami hazard mapping is located along the coastal area of north Bali, Polewali Mandar-west Sulawesi, Purworejo-southern of central Java, Nias-north Sumatera, west Sulawesi. Whereas investigation on tsunamigenic sediments are at Tasikmalaya District-west Java, Sumba-east Nusa Tenggara and north Toli Toli district-central of Sulawesi. Tsunami survey reports and hazard maps has been given to the local government.

Figure 20. The tsunamigenic investigation and hazard mapping location in 2015.

Tsunami hazard area identification is based on an area’s hazardous potential identified from the coastal characteristics and tsunami modeling. Other technical recommendation have been also given to local government in order to improve development planning of coastal management especially for tsunami hazard mitigation purposes.

5.2.4. Landslides

Landslide disasters in Indonesia mostly occur the in wet season (October-June) every year. West java area has most of landslide disasters because almost 60% of the area is a landslide prone zone area and occupied by dense population (Table 7). Every year landslide disasters in Indonesia cause fatalities, injuries, house and public building damage, road and landuse destruction (Figure 21)

Figure 21. Landslide in Banjarnegara, Central Java, on 23 December 2016, resulted in 16 damaged houses, 25 critical houses, and 120 m long asphalt road was ruined.


Table 7. Landslide disaster evenst in period July 2015 – June 2016 in Indonesia.

No. Province

Number of

Event

Victim Damages Died Injure

d Damage

d Building

s

Destroyed Buildings

Threaten Building

s

Damaged

Another Building

s

Destroyed Another

Buildings

Land-use

(ha)

Road

(m)

1 West Java 62 19 25 308 167 520 4 5 4.00 43

2 Central Java 32 60 6 18 45 187

45 153

3 East Java 10 2 44 10 5 1

1

4

D.I. Yogyakarta 2

1 1 1 43

1

5 DKI Jakarta 3 1 1 4 3

6 Banten

7 Bali 1 31 7

8 West Nusa Tenggara 3 4 2 6 31

140

9

North Nusa Tenggara

10 West Sumatera 6 8 2 7 2 53

2 82

11 North Sumatera 2 20 7 6

12 South Sumatera

13 North Sulawesi 1

1

14 Central of Sulawesi

15 South Sulawesi 3 2 1

1

16 Southeast Sulawesi

17 Jambi 1 3

18 Aceh 3 2

2

19 Papua

20 West Papua 1 6

1

21 Maluku 1 124

22 Bengkulu 1 6 5

23 Riau

24 Bangka Belitung

25 Gorontalo

26 Lampung 1 5 4

27

East Kalimantan 1 3

5 1

SUM 136 135 55 426 366 857 5 5 55.6 427


Programme Contact Person :

Gede Suantika Geological Agency of Indonesia Jl. Diponegoro 57, Bandung, Indonesia Phone : +62-22-727606 Fax :+62-22-7202761 Mobile : +62-82129999218 Email : [email protected]

6. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY PROGRAMME

6.1. Summary The activity of environmental geology is conducted by the Center of Groundwater Resources and Environmental Geology (CGREG), Geological Agency (GA). The environmental geology activities cover environmental geology mapping for land use planning and regional development, environmental geology survey in water infiltration, geo-heritage inventory, karst inventory, medical geology, CCS (Carbon Capture Storage) research in Karst, and mud-flow disaster monitoring.

6.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities

• Environmental Geological Survey a. The environmental geological mapping for land use planning and regional

development activities were done in the urban areas and autonomy regions that have high priority in their development or the regions whereas there are strong indications of a high risk in environmental damage. They include the areas that are applying land use development and spatial planning without consideration of their geological phenomena. The activities resulted in environmental geological maps and recommendation maps for land use development. This activity has been carried out in regency/city of Cilacap and Brebes (Central Java), Ambon (Maluku), Halmahera (North Maluku)

b. Environmental geology survey in water infiltration was done in Karanganyar (Central Java), Sleman (Yogyakarta), and Sukabumi (West Java). This activity aims to defines the recharge zone due to land use change

c. Geo-heritage inventory was carried out in the regencies of Muna (South Sulawesi), This activity resulted an identification of specific geo-diversity that has a high value for scientific purposes

d. Medical geology was carried out in the regencies of Ponorogo (East Java). The activity deals with the general concept of medical geology such as impact of volcanic eruptions, groundwater contamination and radioactivity to health, and the effects of mercury pollution due to illegal gold processing.

e. CCS (Carbon Capture Storage) research in Karst was done in Karst Gunung Sewu. This activity is research-based monitoring of carbon uptake, water discharge and infiltration in karst caves,

f. Mud-flow disaster monitoring was done in Sidoarjo (East Java). This activity aims to see the changes of mudflow disaster (frequency and severity) after year 2006 in series, including debit , crack, subsidence, and blowout



• Ministrial Regulation related to Karst Conservation and Geo-heritage Area According to Government Regulation No. 26/2008 on National Spatial Planning, Geological Heritage Areas should be protected. Based on Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) Regulation No. 17/2012 in Karst Conservation Area, Geological Agency (GA) evaluated some areas that are important as Karst Conservation Area, that is: MEMR Decree No. 3606 K/40/MEM/2015 in Pangkalan Karst Conservation Areas, West Java (Figure 22)

Figure 22. Pangkalan Karst Coservation Area in West Java

6.3 Proposed Future Activities Geological Agency evaluated Karst in Langkat Distric, North Sumatera and Citatah, West Java, that will be declared as a Karst Conservation Area at the end of year 2016. Programme Contact Person: Dita Arif Yuwana Geological Agency of Indonesia Jl Diponegoro 57, Bandung, Indonesia Fax : +62-22-7206167 Phone : +62-22-7274705 Mobile : +62-81322222945 Email : [email protected]

Karst Coservation


GEO-INFORMATION SECTOR

II. COOPERATION AND PARTNERSHIP 1.2. Summary

The Mineral and Energy Resources Working Group activity conducted joint field work around the border of Indonesia-Malaysia in the Sarawak area. The similar understanding of mineral resources occurrence in the border area has built on this activity. Most of the Indonesia area is an unstable geological area. The country is believed to have more experience in hazard mitigation. Both parties, Indonesia and Malaysia, agreed to conduct some geohazard mitigation training. Geohazard working group activity was focused on sharing knowledge in hazard management, especially in earthquake and landslide disaster mitigation.

1.3. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities

• The Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Indonesia and Minerals and Geoscience Department, Malaysia had been enhancing their closer relationship in the field of geology. A similar understanding that geology is not limited by political borders and of the importance of cooperation projects in geology and mineral resources is implied in the relevant Memorandum of Understanding (MoU). In the MoU, both countries agreed to obtain and explore more bilateral benefit pertaining to geological resources through cooperation between the two countries.

• The Meeting agreed to the formation of four Working Groups as follows: o Indonesia-Malaysia Geological Correlation Working Group o Indonesia-Malaysia Mineral and Energy Resources Working Group o Indonesia-Malaysia Geohazard Working Group o Indonesia-Malaysia Groundwater and Environmental Geology Working

Group. • The same project also operates between Indonesia and Papua New Guinea and

Indonesia and East Timor. • The CCOP Technical Secretariat in cooperation with Badan Geologi (Geological

Agency), Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) – Indonesia, supported by the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Global CCS Institute (GCCSI), conducting the CCS-M Workshop C1W2 held in Surabaya, Indonesia on 4-6 November 2015. The Workshop on Public Engagement of the CCS Mapping Project was attended by 58 participants of CCOP Member Countries and resource persons, notably from Australia and also from Indonesia, observers and the CCOP member countries. Indonesia is very proud of being selected by CCOP to be the venue of this Workshop (Figure 23)


Figure 23. The 1st the Workshop on CCS-Mapping : Indonesia Case Study (C1W1) was also

successfully conducted in Bali, Indonesia in 2015

Programme Contact Person: Ipranta Center for Geological Survey Jl. Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia Email: [email protected] Phone +62-857-2045-2442 Joko Parwata Office of Secretariat of Geological Agency of Indonesia Jl. Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia Email: [email protected] Phone +62-811-203-2003

III. DATA AND INFORMATION 2.1. Summary During the period of July 2015 to June 2016, the Geological Agency continued to develop geoscience databases, publish and service geological data and information. Geological database preparation included geological and geophysical data. Starting in two last year’s Geological Agency has the function to support oil and gas. The Geological Agency activities in relation to Geo-information were: 1. Sedimentary Basin Atlas, located in South Sumatera Basin, Serayu, Kutai, Tarakan,

Barito, Tanimbar and Ketungau 2. Updating Geological Maps,1:250.000 to1:50.000 Scale, Totally 3858 sheets 3. Quartenary and Geomorphology Maps Updating in Sulawesi, Kalimantan and

Northern Parts of Java


4. Sedimentary Basin Research in Buru, Misol, Lariang, Papua Selatan, West Madura 5. First hominid excavation in Soa Basin (advanced collaboration with the University of

Wollongong) 6. Supporting to the Government of Indonesia Economic Policy Package on Accelerating

of One Map Policy 7. Development of Resources Balance, Web base, and GIS Data application 8. Publication Books, Catalogues, Geomagazine, Journals and Maps

2.2. Annual Review of Individual Technical Activities In order to determine the strategy for optimally utilizing the country’s natural resources, Indonesia has a need and requirement to produce geological information in the form of a large scale geological maps. Within this context, the Center for Geological Survey has to conduct further mapping in the 1:50.000 scale map series. The objectives are to undertake geological mapping and compilation of 1:50.000 scale geological maps derived from lithological and stratigraphic investigations, and structural maps at1:100.000 scale (Java & Madura islands) and 1:250,000 scale (other islands), by using Remote Sensing Techniques and GIS. The production of a series of 1:50,000 scale map of the entire country will consist of a total more less of 3.800 sheets. It is aimed towards developing and implementing methodologies for using Landsat+7ETM, Radarsat2, IFSAR, TerraSarX and SPOT.

Figure 24. Indonesian GIS Geological Map Catalogue (psg.bgl.esdm.go.id/sigweb)

The Geological Agency has produced several publications such as:

1. Indonesian Magmatic Arc 2. Coal Bed Methane (CBM) Potential in Indonesia 3. Deep Seated Coal in Indonesia 4. Non Volcanic Geothermal system of Sulawesi 5. Indonesian Tectonic (Sumatera, Kalimantan) 6. Indonesian Journal on Geoscience (IJOG), international indexes 3 times/year

(https://ijog.geologi.esdm.go.id/) 7. Journal Geology, of Geology and Mineral Resources (publish 4 times/year) 8. Catalogues: Maps, Activities, Libraries, Outlook


One of the new upcoming government economic policy packages should immediately realize the One Map Policy to equate the perception of all parties in seeing the terrestrial space. The accurate, precise and up to date maps are a must in providing a reference to create effective and efficient policies. The One Map Policy, was originally intended to achieve good spatial planning governance, a geospatial information for the Acceleration and Expansion of Indonesian Economic Development. “The map is very important because a map is a power”. The government is obliged to realize OMP as it has been stipulated by the Law No. 4 of 2011 on Geospatial Information following by Presidential Decree No. 09 issued on February 2016.

“Each institution has drawn the thematic map by its own standard”, In fact the One Map Policy requires one standard in mapping (Fugure 25). A national standard, one database and one geoportal (http://maps.ina-sdi.or.id/home/index.html). The Geological Agency of Indonesia fully supported one map policy through 10 thematic GIS maps among 85 themes totally until 2019. The 10 thematic maps consist of geological map, georesources (mineral, coal, geothermal) maps, geohazards (volcanoes, earthquake, tsunami, landslide) maps, groundwater map and karsts zone map.

Figure 25. Launching of Indonesian One Map Policy by Coordinating Minister of Economics and Minister

of National Planning Indonesia on 27 April 2016 in Jakarta

To enhance public services through education and tourism, GAI also provide direct public services via the Geological Museums. There are 5 Museums operated under the Museum of Geology Bandung: Museum Geology (Bandung), Museum Tsunami (Aceh), Karst Museum (Wonogiri, Central Java), Geopark and Volcano Museum Batur (Bali) and Museum Merapi (Yogyakarta). The Geological Museum has been visited more than 1,7 million people during 2015 (Figure 26).

Figure 26. Geomuseum in Indonesia; Geology Museum Bandung, Mount Merapi Museum Jogja, Geopark

Museum Batur, Karst Museum Wonogiri, and Tsunami Museum Aceh


2.3. Proposed Future Activities Indonesia is planning is to conduct 2nd scientific board editorial meeting organized by Indonesian Journal on Geoscience (IJOG) among CCOP member countries in Yogyakarta/Sumbawa by midyear 2017

2.4. Other Comments

• Pre workshop of GSi and Geoserver Installation. Indonesia received visits from Geological Survey of Japan. The source persons for the workshop were 2 experts from Japan (Dr. Shinji Takarada and Dr. Joel Bandibas). Implementation of this activity is one of a series of geoinformation Coordinating Committee for Geoscience Programmes in East and Southeast Asia (CCOP) activities. Geo-Information Sharing Infrastructure for East and Southeast Asia (GSI Project) started from 2015 until 2020. GSJ delegation's visit took place from February 29, 2016 until March 3, 2016. on February 29, 2016, made a special visit to the Centre for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation in the framework of its partnership in the field of volcanology. The scope of the agreement includes the compilation of geo-information science CCOP member countries through the development of open database using a web-based international standard format and Geographic Information System (GIS). Delegates from the Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ), AIST also provide training on the GSI system and made 1st own country GSi server installed in GAI. This visit closed with a field trip to Guntur and Papandayan Volcano in Garut.

• Technical assistance of mineral and coal resources assessment to the regional government in Lampung, Gorontalo and West Kalimantan

• Workshop and information dissemination of geohazard to enhance public awareness • Updating existing database such as ASEAN Mineral Resources and ASEAN Mineral

Trade and Indonesia Geological Resources Database • Updating balance of minerals, coal and geothermal energy. Updating Data of Coal

Resources and Reserves Evaluation System • Exhibition and expo, ie: Nusantara Day, Indonesian Mining Anniversary, IAGI-HAGI

Annual Session and some Universities Expo • Assessment/Evaluation of working area WKP/WUP for minerals, coal, geothermal

and CBM at Indonesia prospective area.

Programme Contact Person: Ipranta Center for Geological Survey Jl. Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia Email: [email protected] Phone +62-857-2045-2442 Joko Parwata Office of Secretariat of Geological Agency of Indonesia Jl. Diponegoro No. 57 Bandung, West Java, Indonesia Email: [email protected] Phone +62-811-203-2003

Member Country Report of INDONESIA

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