MELS Project Wrap U p

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MELS Project Wrap Up Rich Brown, David Culler, Stephen Dawson-Haggerty, Steven Lanzisera, Jay Taneja Computer Science Division, University of California, Berkeley Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab

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MELS Project Wrap U p. Rich Brown , David Culler, Stephen Dawson-Haggerty , Steven Lanzisera , Jay Taneja Computer Science Division , University of California, Berkeley Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. MELS: Miscellaneous Electric Loads. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of MELS Project Wrap U p

Page 1: MELS Project Wrap  U p

MELS Project Wrap Up

Rich Brown, David Culler, Stephen Dawson-Haggerty, Steven Lanzisera, Jay Taneja

Computer Science Division, University of California, BerkeleyEnvironmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Lab

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MELS: Miscellaneous Electric Loads

• Large, rigorous study of miscellaneous electric loads (mostly plugs)– Roughly 1/3 of building energy consumption– Difficult to study due to large number of small

consumers• Test methods to accurately describe

energy use of plug-in devices from individual device to whole building

September 13, 2011 LBNL EETD Seminar Series 2

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DOE MELS => Appliance Energy

8/2/2011 CPS-PI-11 3

• 450 plug-load meters• 7 edge routers• 650m data points

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Study Phases

Hardware (2009)

• Calibration• Safety

testing

Testing and Setup

• Software validation

Installation

• Device inventory• Stratified sampling

Operation (2011)

• Maintenance and debugging

September 13, 2011 LBNL EETD Seminar Series 4

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System Architecture

September 13, 2011 LBNL EETD Seminar Series 5

• IPv6 tunnel from building network to data closet• Data in raw UDP• Configurable metering application

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Multipoint Calibration

September 13, 2011 LBNL EETD Seminar Series 6

• Automated 20-point calibration on every meter• Generate a 3-part piecewise calibration

• 90th percentile error is <2 watts across devices

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HYDRO Principles

• Maintain multiple next-hop options• Trickelize density-sensitve state propagation• Horizontally scalable with multiple LBRs

September 13, 2011 LBNL EETD Seminar Series 8

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Emergent network dynamics

September 13, 2011 LBNL EETD Seminar Series 9

• Verify dynamics results on large scale– Link and device churn are prevalent

• Mean network degree is at least 16, diameter is about 4.5 hops

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Exploration is ongoing

September 13, 2011 LBNL EETD Seminar Series 10

• Path length and router degree show clear diurnal and weekly variation

• Exploration of new potential candidate links is a continuous process

• With only “stable” links, diameter increases by factor of 2

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ENERGY ANALYSIS

September 13, 2011 LBNL EETD Seminar Series 11

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Can we identify when metered devices change over time?

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From data, found change from older 20” LCD to new 24” LCD

Increase screen area 44%; reduce energy 33%.

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How Common is Computer-Display Power Management?

40 Hour Work Week

PM w/ breaks

Rarely power down monitor

• 83% of monitors use power management

• 15% use it with breaks for days at a time

• 2% do not use it

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What is the Distribution of LCD Computer Display Energy Use?

N=118

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How Common is Desktop Computer Power Management?

40 Hour Work Week

39% rarely powered down

44% managed

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How Much of Whole Building is Plugs?

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All Building Electricity

40% of Building Electricity

3 month weekday average:March, April, May

Note: no cooling during these months

Projected based on full inventory and sample weights

All Plugs

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What Makes Up Bldg 90 Plugs Energy?

Computers50% of energy

Displays10% of energy

Task Lighting 7% Networking 6%Other 7%

Imaging10% of energy

Misc. HVAC10% of energy

Timer controlled plug strips?75 MWh/year30% of non-computer plug total 6% of building total

Computer power management?150 MWh/year60% of computer total 12% of building total

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Building 90 Device Inventory & Energy

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Findings and Next Steps

• Bldg 90 network demonstrated large-scale, end-to-end WSN and collected a lot of useful data– IT equipment should be focus of office energy management

programs– Using data for LBNL-wide plug-load management

• Inventory and meter installation are labor-intensive– Exploring using public (homeowner & building occupant)

participation for data collection– Integrate metering & communications into products

• Robust sensor network needs more engineering– ? Evaluate commercial products now available

• Electricity only part of buildings energy problem– Developing low-cost WSN for gas and water metering

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QUESTIONS

September 13, 2011 LBNL EETD Seminar Series 20