Eukaryotic Cell Nucleus Diploid # 4 Haploid # 2 Meiosis Animation.
Meiosis-A prelude to reproduction. I.Terminology A.karyotype –1. human 46 –2. homologous pairs...
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Transcript of Meiosis-A prelude to reproduction. I.Terminology A.karyotype –1. human 46 –2. homologous pairs...
![Page 1: Meiosis-A prelude to reproduction. I.Terminology A.karyotype –1. human 46 –2. homologous pairs –3. diploid condition –4. note various sizes and shapes.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649d4e5503460f94a2e91e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Meiosis-A prelude to reproduction
![Page 2: Meiosis-A prelude to reproduction. I.Terminology A.karyotype –1. human 46 –2. homologous pairs –3. diploid condition –4. note various sizes and shapes.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649d4e5503460f94a2e91e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
I. Terminology
• A. karyotype– 1. human 46
– 2. homologous pairs
– 3. diploid condition
– 4. note various sizes and shapes
– 5. genome
![Page 3: Meiosis-A prelude to reproduction. I.Terminology A.karyotype –1. human 46 –2. homologous pairs –3. diploid condition –4. note various sizes and shapes.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649d4e5503460f94a2e91e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
B. Chromatin
• 1. heterochromatin• 2. eucrhomatin• 3. 1.8 meters
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C. Relationship between chromatin and chromosome
• 1. chromatin• 2. chromosomes• 3. histone proteins• 4. nucleosome
100µm
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4. Scaffolding proteins
2µm
ScaffoldingProteins
DNA
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5. Summary of chromosome complexity
![Page 7: Meiosis-A prelude to reproduction. I.Terminology A.karyotype –1. human 46 –2. homologous pairs –3. diploid condition –4. note various sizes and shapes.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649d4e5503460f94a2e91e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
C. Terms of chromosome structure
• 1. Dyad• 2. Centromere• 3. Sister chromatids
![Page 8: Meiosis-A prelude to reproduction. I.Terminology A.karyotype –1. human 46 –2. homologous pairs –3. diploid condition –4. note various sizes and shapes.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649d4e5503460f94a2e91e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
D. Homologous chromosome pairs
• 1. sister vs. nonsister chromatids
• 2. paternal vs. maternal• 3. genes vs. alleles
![Page 9: Meiosis-A prelude to reproduction. I.Terminology A.karyotype –1. human 46 –2. homologous pairs –3. diploid condition –4. note various sizes and shapes.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062320/56649d4e5503460f94a2e91e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
How many chromosomes do you see?
83%
17%
0%0%
Enter answer text...
1. 42. 83. 104. No clue
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E. Synapsis
1. Definition
2. Forms tetrads
3. Function-analogy of identical twins
4. Crossing over
5. Importance in evolution
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F. Diploid vs. haploid
• 1. 2N vs. 1N• 2. Reproductive cells are haploid• 3. Why?• 4. Importance of meiosis
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II. Meiosis overview
• A. Two separate divisions– Meiosis I reduction division– Meiosis II “mitotic-like”
division
• B. Where does it occur?– Animals– Plants
• C. What does meiosis produce?– Animals– Plants
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III. Meiosis I
• A. Prophase I• B. Metaphase I• C. Anaphase I• D. Telophase I• E. End products
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IV. Meiosis II
• A. Prophase II• B. Metaphase II• C. Anaphase II• D. Telophase II• E. Final products
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V. Comparison between mitosis and meiosis
Event Mitosis Meiosis I Meiosis II
Synapsis occurs
Sister chromatids separate
Homologous chromosomes separate
Crossing over occurs
Tetrads form
Haploid cells form
Identical daughter cells form