Meeting 6-Storey Challenges with LSL

Ontario Wood Solutions Fair November 12, 2013

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•  ©  Weyerhaeuser  2013  

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Agenda

•  LSL Product overview •  Six Storey Challenges:

– Dimensional Stability (“Shrinkage”) – Product Capacities and Quality – Construction Efficiency

•  Questions?

= 0.8E = 1.3E, 1.5E, 1.55E

Batch  Manufacturing  Opera2on  3-­‐1/2”  x  8’  x  60’/64’  Billet  

LSL - Manufacturing

Laminated Strand Lumber (LSL)

•  Manufactured to well established standards (ASTM, CSA)

•  Tightly controlled, uniform properties •  Properties evaluated by third parties

LSL - Manufacturing

•  Up to 8’wide, 64’ long, 4” thick •  Fully graded and sanded up to 5’ width

LSL: Common Uses: •  Beams and headers •  Studs and columns •  Rimboard

•  Stair stringers •  Treated sill plates •  Industrial applications

LSL – Typical Applications

LSL – Typical Dimensions

•  Beams and Headers: – Thickness: 1-3/4”, 3-1/2” – Depths: 9-1/2”, 11-7/8, 14”, 16”

•  Rimboard – Thickness: 1-1/8”, 1-1/4”, 1-1/2” – Depths up to 24”

•  Studs/Columns – Thickness: 1-1/2”, 1-3/4” – Depth: 3-1/2”, 5-1/2”, 7-1/4”

Dimensional Stability – “Shrinkage”

•  Cumulative Effects •  Cross-grain shrinkage of particular concern

– Radial and tangential directions

Dimensional Stability – “Shrinkage”

•  Platform construction: – Wall plates – Rimboard – Joists

Dimensional Stability – LSL Rim Board

•  EMC for lumber ~12%; for ELP ~10% •  KD dimension lumber dried to ~16%-19%

moisture content –  shrinkage occurs as wood dries

•  LSL made ~4-6% – manufactured to match nominal depth at

anticipated MC ~10% – Discontinuous grain reduces dimensional change

and thus less shrinkage at rim locations

Dimensional Stability – LSL Rim Board

•  Relative study based on worst-case conditions: – Measured depth: in yard, saturated (>30% MC),

redried to original MC –  Fully saturated swell = 1.0% – Retained depth swell = 0.3%

•  5 stories of 9.25” depth rim, –  Lumber: 3.2% shrinkage = 1.5” total –  LSL: 0.7% shrinkage = 0.32” total

•  Properly managed construction should not result in saturation of materials

Dimensional Stability – LSL Wall plates

•  Another contributor to shrinkage is wall plates. –  Potentially three per floor x 6 floors =

18 plates –  ~1/16” shrinkage x 18 plates ! >1”

•  LSL used in this application must be kept dry –  Works well with panelized

construction •  Research focus to improve

performance

Photo  Courtesy  APEGBC  

Dimensional Stability - multistory structures

•  Potential Benefits of using both products in combination (Rim and Plates) –  Less concern on architectural finishes – Reduction of shear wall drift –  Less vertical displacement for tie-down devices – Higher tensile and bending properties for chord

design –  Long lengths up to 48’ equals less splice

connections –  Every piece true to size – Warranted Product

Product Structural Capacities

•  Increased demand on structural elements, particularly at lower floor levels

•  Stud walls, plates, rim – greater loads •  LSL capacities have increased as the

product continues to develop

LSL Wall Plates •  Recent standard changes allow Fcp determination for SCL

based on proportional limit

0  

200  

400  

600  

800  

1000  

1200  

SPF   Dfir   2100  MSR   1.3E  LSL   1.5E  LSL  

Factored  Bearing  Resistance  

Kb=1.17,  Kzcp=1.15  

Phi  =  0.8  Only  

LSL Rim Properties •  Enhancements to vertical load capacities and bending

values are forthcoming – currently under review

•  Advantages: –  Closer allowable nail spacing in narrow edges (useful for both

shear walls using LSL studs, and rim connections to resist shear) –  Less likelihood of splitting when toe or edge nailed –  Fully qualified rim material –  Does not cup like LVL material

Construction Efficiency Wall Panelization

– Replacement for lumber or other EWP –  quality reduces downgrade –  thicker sections can reduce

nailing –  economical relative to other

EWP –  enhanced properties result in

less material usage, less thermal breaks

Construction Efficiency

Floor Panelization •  Economical

substitute for LVL in most cases

•  High shear values allow for larger holes

Software for Design and Fabrication

Plan Typique

Efficient Load Distribution •  Joist Direction: Bearing at interior walls

rather than all loading to perimeter

LSL Wall Studs

•  Tall Wall Design •  Zone Framing

LSL Shear Walls

LSL Panels

•  Design properties available – high shear and bending strength •  1-3/4”, 2-1/2” and 3-1/2” thicknesses (44 mm - 89

mm) •  4’ (1200 mm) wide, up to 64’ (19 500 mm) long.

–  widths up to 8’ (2435 mm) available in certain applications)

•  Flexibility in thicknesses that no other wood product can economically achieve

•  Meets heavy timber fire-resistance requirements

Opportunities – Roof/Wall Panels

Elevator Core – Mid rise 5.25” x 10’ x 17’ solid wood panels

Panel Opportunities - wood elevator cores

Opportunities – Hybrid Panels Hybrid Panel alternatives

Opportunities – Hybrid Panels Hybrid Panel alternatives

This  concludes  the:    

American  Ins3tute  of  Architects  

Ontario  Associa3on  of  Architects  

Engineering  Ins3tute  of  Canada  

Con2nuing  Educa2on  Systems  Program  

Mee3ng  6  Storey  Challenges  with  LSL  

Weyerhaeuser  –  TrusJoist  Engineered  Lumber  Products  

www.woodbywy.com  

Mississauga  Office:    1-­‐800-­‐972-­‐9663  

Ques3ons/  Comments?