Road Safety

What does a 3 star world look like?

STARS!

Reality check: what you want…

...and what you can afford!

Back to reality

Road safety in numbers

Number of road fatalities is rising:

• Netherlands: 570 (2014) => 621 (2015)

• European Union: 25,700 (2014) => 26,000 (2015)

• Worldwide: 1.25 million

Ambition in road safety

• Ambition should always be

a 5-star world

• Why settle for less…?

• 3 stars is the first step!

On our way to 5 stars…

• 58,490 kilometres of roads tested in Europe so far

• Different countries, different challenges

• For example, in the Netherlands:

• App. 98% of national road network has 3 stars (RPS 1.0!)

Needs to be updated with RPS 3.0

• Only app. 35% of provincial road network has 3+ stars

• Urban road network: not yet tested, but increasingly important

• Not on a 3* level yet……

• Still a lot of work to be done!

Infrastructure in Europe

• Differences across Europe, for example:

• Difference in road networks (e.g. quality, density etc.)

• Some countries are focusing on construction of new infrastructure

• Other countries are focusing on reconstruction of existing

infrastructure

• Urbanisation poses a new challenge

• Need for tailor made approach

• Continuous challenges:

• Political will

• Financial resources

Assessment Programmes Stars in road safety: safe system aproach

• Vehicle safety

• EuroNCAP

• Human safety

• …?

• Infrastructure safety

• EuroRAP

• iRAP

Vehicle safety

EuroNCAP:

• Internationally comparable standard

• Most cars are currently awarded 5 stars

• Passive safety (in-car) systems are included in EuroNCAP

• Not all safety systems

included in

EuroNCAP

• Unclear how drivers will react

to these systems

• Consequences for star rating?

First steps towards a 3-star world

• Vehicle safety

• Adapted test protocols and tests in order to incorporate reliable active

support systems in EuroNCAP

• Eliminate perverted fiscal incentives such as overstimulation of

electric cars which prevents people from buying safe cars

• Anticipate new means of transport

Human safety

• Quality of human behaviour…

• ‘Analogue’ people

• Education

• Enforcement

• (Social) context

First steps towards a 3-star world

• Human safety

• Driver’s education needs to be adapted in order to enable the use of

autonomous systems

• A guaranteed 3-star level for drivers seems unrealistic. Therefore:

adjust the surroundings (e.g. roads, vehicle) to the driver

• 5-star cars and 5-star roads make 3-star drivers?

Infrastructure safety

EuroRAP/iRAP:

• Internationally comparable standard

• 3 stars is considered an ‘acceptable minimum’ for now

• Currently, worldwide many roads have 3 stars or less

• ‘En route’ to 3 stars and more:

• 58,490 kilometre of roads have been tested in Europe until now

• RAP has anticipate future trends

First steps towards a 3 star world

• Infrastructure safety

• RAP organisations should start the dialogue with car manufacturers

in order to make the link between automated cars and infrastructure

• Urbanisation needs to be taken into account in further development

of RAP, e.g. CycleRAP, UrbanRAP…?

• Municipal road authorities become more prominent stakeholders

• At the same time, continuous work needed to secure support from

national and regional road authorities

Moving up!

Trends and issues

• Automated vehicles and

connected car

• Sustainability

• Urbanisation

• Smart cities

• Ageing population

• Government has utter

confidence in technology

Is EuroRAP ready for that?

Mobility in a new context: the Digital Revolution

• 5 years to design a new car….

• 2010: 1,97 billion internet users

• 2015: 3,01 billion internet users

• 2020: half of the world population uses mobile

device to go on-line

Trend: Automated driving and connected car

First steps towards automated driving

• Many assistive technology systems already available:

• Automatic Cruise Control (ACC)

• Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS)

• Internet of things (IOT) /Connected car

• Radar

• Reliability of safety systems?

• Issues: uniformity, touch screens

• Driver aid or just another distraction

– Example: LDWS

Automated driving

Levels:

0. No automation

1. Driver assistance

2. Partial automation

3. Conditional automation

4. High automation

5. Full automation

Automated driving

• How forgiving is the technology?

Automated driving

• Automated cars do not yet ‘communicate’ with

infrastructure (roads that cars can read)

• Businesses independently go ahead and develop

automated cars without taking infrastructure into account

(e.g. Nissan)

• Autonomous develops into ‘autistic’ and ‘selfish’

• Full benefits only after V2I / V2X communication

Trend: (Re-)Urbanisation

Urbanisation

• In 2020, 80% of the European population lives in urban

regions

• In 2030, over 60% of the world population lives in urban

regions

• Accelerated growth of urban populations imposes higher

requirements on the infrastructure in and around cities

• 21 of the 25 most fast growing cities are in countries with

upcoming economies

• Livability and road safety increasingly under pressure

• Need for efficient and safe use of limited space

• New means of transport are emerging

Elektrische fietsen in alle maten en soorten Bicycle use…

Elektrische bakfietsen en tandems in alle maten en

soorten …more bicycle types…

Elektrische scooters in alle maten en soorten New means of transport…

Lichte elektrische voertuigen (LEV’s) in alle maten en soorten …including LMV’s…

Elektrische voertuigen en pickup trucks in alle maten en soorten …and other electric vehicles

Flexible vehicle types for distribution…

…and multiple purpose vehicles

• Safety of ITS is still unreliable (touch screens, uniformity)

• ‘Traditional’ cars will be on the road for at least 15 more

years; drivers remain ‘in charge’ for now

• Relation automated cars and infrastructure needs to be

addressed

• Roads that cars can read

• Urbanisation will have a huge impact on mobility

• Investments in infrastructure remain necessary in the near future, but

demands are likely to change

• Continuous need to anticipate on new means of transport

• Municipal road authorities will become leading

Conclusions

Conclusions

• There’s still a strong (business) case for safe infrastructure

• Don’t miss the boat; constant need for development

• Urbanisation has consequences for EuroRAP

• CycleRAP, UrbanRAP?

• Implementation of ‘Roads that Cars can Read’ is

necessary

• Stay connected with road authorities and business

partners

• Urban road authorities will take the lead, but don’t lose touch with

other road authorities

• Business is an important stakeholder (e.g. Nissan)

•

Questions and discussion