Medieval Period aka The Middle Ages 1066-1485. Historical Influences 1066-Norman Conquest 1154-End...
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Transcript of Medieval Period aka The Middle Ages 1066-1485. Historical Influences 1066-Norman Conquest 1154-End...
Historical Influences
1066-Norman Conquest1154-End of Norman Rule1215-King John signed the Magna Carta1310-1410-Hundred Years War1348-Black Death – the plague1380-Peasants’ Revolt1476-William Caxton-printing press1455-1485-The War of Roses: House of York vs House of Lancasters
Medieval SocietyVillages were the center of lifeLords protected townspeople and
granted propertyMerchants traded with other
cities/townsBakers, butchers, grocers, millers,
smiths, carpenters, weavers, mason, shoemakers
Peasants/Serfs worked the manors of the kingdoms, exchanged services for protection and substance (Some were free men)
Daily LivingTrade grew as result of CrusadesMore communication and a spread of knowledge
Development of guilds: craftsmen and merchants gained status
Everyday living focused on agriculture/farming
Many celebrations in town centered around performers (troubadours, acrobats, knights jousting, and merchants selling products)
Love of LiteratureBooks were treasured and kept
protected in libraries Wandering scholars traveled during
Crusades and learned new writing styles
People interested in romantic writing & courtly love
Only rich women were educatedAll knights must read/writeSome went on to universities- (this
lead to the Renaissance- spread of art, literature, human potential)
Sociological InfluencesChristianity
Roman Catholic Church united all of Western Europe
Pervaded daily life and English society
Faith replaced Fate
Philosophical Influences
ChristianityKing is the rule of God on earthAbuses in Catholic Church
Code of ChivalryHonor, truth, courtesy both on and
off the battlefield
BalladCharacteristics
Incremental repetition (repeat w/variation)
Refrain (repeat in set pattern)Closure (last stanza resolves
narration)Little attention to characterization
or descriptionDialogue (usually colloquial)
BalladForm
Stanza – usually quatrains (4 lines) Rhythm – 8 syllables line 1 & 3
6 syllables line 2 & 4Form of verse to be sung or recited.Characterized by one simple,
exciting episode in narrative form.
Ballad
Themes – domestic topics with common appealLoveUnrequited love/heartbreak Physical strength/Heroic deedsCurrent eventsLost dreamsMurderous acts/desire for revengeJealous lovers
Modern Ballads “November Rain”- Guns ‘N Roses “I Can’t Help Falling in Love”- UB40 “Wonderful Tonight” or “Layla”- Eric Clapton “When a Man Loves a Woman” “My Girl”- The Temptations “Every Breath You Take”- The Police “Hey Jude”- The Beatles “Your Song”- Elton John “American Pie”- Don McLean “I Don’t Want to Miss a Thing”- Aerosmith “Bohemian Rhapsody”- Queen
Ballad Analysis 1. What is the theme of the ballad?
2. Summarize the story told in the song.
3. What is the refrain? What lines repeat? What effect does this have on the song?
4. What is the conflict in the ballad if any?
5. What truths about life are reflected in the story?
Pair-Share!With a partner, make a list of THREE
ballads.
For each ballad, write a brief summary of the “theme”
What is the “refrain” in each song? (What lines are repeated?)
Briefly discuss the story within each of your songs. Is there a lesson or moral? Explain
Medieval RomanceA story that presents remote or
imaginative incidents. Characteristics
Supernatural elements (details involving wizards, potions, mystical interventions of strength, power, etc.
Adventure (deeds of a hero who overcomes great obstacles for love, honor, or another ideal
Themes Love – the reward that requires some accomplishment, or task to be completed to acquire the assurance of that love.
Chivalry – behavior that includes virtues of bravery, honesty, demonstrated for the pleasure of a king or lady in the name of God.
Drama
Miracle/Mystery Play –taught Biblical stories
Morality Plays- taught religious doctrine and emphasized moral struggles of everyday people
Chaucer’s Frame Story
Short Story – A brief work of fiction with a simple plot and setting that reveals a character at a crucial moment.
Exemplum – A special entertaining anecdote (tale) that is intended to illustrate a truth or a moral.
Chaucer’s Literary ContributionRhyme – The repetition of sounds at the
end of words; specifically with Chaucer heroic couplets, two rhymed lines of iambic pentameter.
Characterization – Direct (when a writer explicitly states the
character’s traits)Indirect (when a writer reveals traits by
what a character thinks, says, does, describes)
Chaucer’s Literary Contribution
Short Story – a brief work of fiction with a simple plot and setting that reveals character at a crucial moment.
Satire – Writing that ridicules or holds up to contempt the faults of individuals, groups, or institutions. Although usually humorous, its purpose is to correct the flaws and shortcomings it illuminates.