MEDICINES USED IN THE FIELD OF SPORTS

ANIRUDDHA GHOSH B.PHARM , 2nd SEMESTER

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What is Sports Medicine?

Sports medicine is the study and practice of medical principles related to the science of sports. Sports medicine is a specialization that mixes both the fitness and medical fields. Sports medicine is an area of the fitness industry that is becoming more popular as the needs arise. With injury occurring more frequently in sports, the benefits of sports medicine are becoming more widely recognized.

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What do we use Sports Medicine for?

•Sports Injury Diagnosis and Treatment

•Sports Injury Prevention

•Sports Training and Athletic Performance, including:

Exercises and Workouts Sports Nutrition Sports Psychology

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Where Sports Medicine is used …

Athletic training Biomechanics Exercise physiology Physical therapy Nursing Sport psychology Nutrition

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Reasons for taking drugs

WHY DRUGS ARE TAKEN ?

Increases oxygen

transport

Lose weight, train harder

To build muscle, increase energy

Mask injury and reduce tiredness

To steady nerves

To increase aggression

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COMMON DRUGS

Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids Peptide Hormones Beta-Blockers Stimulants Diuretics

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Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

PROS : Promotes Muscle building Imparts Masculinity Increases Endurance Enhances Erythropoesis

CONS : Hypercalcemia Edema Thrombolic Events Liver Dysfunction Psychiatric Disorders Cancer

ANABOLIC-ANDROGENIC STEROIDS ARE MARKETED AND IS QUITE POPULAR AMONGST PLAYERS

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Peptide Hormones

PROS : Stimulates Lipolysis Increases Gluconeogenesis With anabolic-androgenic

steroids, it increases

muscle strength

CONS : Psychosis Glucose Intolerance Heart Disease

GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING HEXAPEPTIDES ARE MAINLY USED TO GAIN STRENGH

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Beta-Blockers

PROS : Improves anaerobic events Reduces heart rate Decreases tremors

and shaking

CONS : Bradycardia Fatigue Impotence BETA BLOCKERS SUCH AS PROPANOLOL , ARE USED BY

TRAP SHOOTERS TO IMPROVE THEIR STEADINESS AND REFLEXES

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Stimulants

PROS : Stimulates the Central Nervous System Increases Glycogen and Fatty Acid

Metabolism Improves reaction time Reduces fatigue

CONS: Tachycardia Insomnia Seizures

CAFFEINE SUPLEMENTS ARE USED BY PLAYERS IN FAST ACTION SPORTS

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Diuretics

PROS : Used by wrestlers and boxers to lose weight

in a very short period of time Diminishes the excretion

of basic stimulants

CONS : Electrolyte Imbalance Dehydration Impairment of body’s

heat-regulatory mechanismDIURETICS ARE USED BY PLAYERS TO REDUCE WEIGHT WITHIN A SHORT TIME

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Drug Abuse Psychedelics and Hallucinogens are

banned by many amateur and professional sports organizations. for legal reasons

EXAMPLES: Marijuana Cocaine Heroin Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, Ecstasy) Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) Mescaline Phencyclidine (PCP)

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Crossing the limits ….

There is a multi million pound drugs industry in operation whose sole purpose is to enable some sportsmen and women to illegally enhance their performance

It is a very expensive, serious and dangerous game of cat and mouse

Now, new drugs become available and there is improved masking of drugs to help users avoid detection

Naive performers and corrupt or inefficient testing laboratories leave the careers and personal lives of some innocent performers in tatters, while guilty competitors go free

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What should be done ?

Stricter, more rigorous and out of season testing

Stricter punishments Co-ordinated education programmes

for athletes and coaches which highlight the health and moral issues surrounding drugs and sport

Unified policies about the issue

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THANK YOU