Medical Terminology. Objectives Identify basic medical abbreviations selected from a standard list...
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Transcript of Medical Terminology. Objectives Identify basic medical abbreviations selected from a standard list...
ObjectivesObjectives
Identify basic medical abbreviations Identify basic medical abbreviations selected from a standard listselected from a standard list
Define prefixes, suffixes and word Define prefixes, suffixes and word roots selected from a list of wordsroots selected from a list of words
Spell and pronounce medical terms Spell and pronounce medical terms correctlycorrectly
Common AbbreviationsCommon AbbreviationsDerived from Latin TermsDerived from Latin Terms
ac (ante cibum) means "before meals" ac (ante cibum) means "before meals" bid (bis in die) means "twice a day" bid (bis in die) means "twice a day" gt (gutta) means "drop" gt (gutta) means "drop" hs (hora somni) means "at bedtime" hs (hora somni) means "at bedtime" od (oculus dexter) means "right eye" od (oculus dexter) means "right eye" os (oculus sinister) means "left eye" os (oculus sinister) means "left eye" po (per os) means "by mouth" po (per os) means "by mouth" pc (post cibum) means "after meals" pc (post cibum) means "after meals" prn (pro re nata) means "as needed" prn (pro re nata) means "as needed" q 3 h (quaque 3 hora) means "every 3 hours" q 3 h (quaque 3 hora) means "every 3 hours" qd (quaque die) means "every day" qd (quaque die) means "every day" qid (quater in die) means "4 times a day" qid (quater in die) means "4 times a day" Sig (signa) means "write" Sig (signa) means "write" tid (ter in die) means "3 times a day" tid (ter in die) means "3 times a day"
Word PartsWord Parts
Word rootsWord roots SuffixesSuffixes PrefixesPrefixes Combining vowelsCombining vowels
Word RootWord Root
A word root is the word part that is A word root is the word part that is the core of the wordthe core of the word– Contains the fundamental meaning of Contains the fundamental meaning of
the word and explains what part of the the word and explains what part of the body is being talked aboutbody is being talked about
ExamplesExamples– Neur/o= nervesNeur/o= nerves– Hepat/o= liverHepat/o= liver– Arthr/o= jointArthr/o= joint
Word RootWord Root
Because the word root contains the Because the word root contains the fundamental meaning of the word, fundamental meaning of the word, each medical term contains one or each medical term contains one or more word roots.more word roots.
SuffixSuffix Suffix- A word part attached to the Suffix- A word part attached to the
end of the word root to modify its end of the word root to modify its meaning; indicates the procedure, meaning; indicates the procedure, disease, or conditiondisease, or condition
ExamplesExamples
-itis= inflammation-itis= inflammation– algia= algia= painpain– ic= pertaining toic= pertaining to– ous= pertaining toous= pertaining to
PrefixPrefix Prefix- A word part attached to the Prefix- A word part attached to the
beginning of a word root to modify its beginning of a word root to modify its meaning; usually indicates location, time, meaning; usually indicates location, time, or number. Not all words have prefixes.or number. Not all words have prefixes.
ExamplesExamples– Sub= under or belowSub= under or below– Poly= manyPoly= many– Post= afterPost= after– Intra= withinIntra= within– Peri= surround or protectPeri= surround or protect– Pre= beforePre= before
Combining VowelCombining Vowel
Combining vowel is a Combining vowel is a word part, usually an word part, usually an O, and is used:O, and is used:– Between two word Between two word
rootsroots– It is It is NOTNOT used when a used when a
suffix begins with a suffix begins with a vowelvowel
--ISIS used when a suffix used when a suffix begins with a begins with a consonantconsonant
Combining FormCombining Form
A word root with the combing vowel A word root with the combing vowel attached, separated by a vertical attached, separated by a vertical slashslash– Arthr/o= jointArthr/o= joint– Oste/o= boneOste/o= bone– ven/o= veinven/o= vein
Defining Medical TermsDefining Medical Terms
Begin by defining the suffix, then Begin by defining the suffix, then move to the beginning of the term to move to the beginning of the term to complete the definition (does not complete the definition (does not apply to all medical terms)apply to all medical terms)
Putting Medical Terms Putting Medical Terms TogetherTogether
Poly+neur/o+itisPoly+neur/o+itis = Polyneuritis = Polyneuritis– Inflammation of many nervesInflammation of many nerves
Arthr/o+itisArthr/o+itis= Arthritis= Arthritis– Inflammation of the jointInflammation of the joint
Hepat/o+itisHepat/o+itis= Hepatitis= Hepatitis– Inflammation of the liverInflammation of the liver
Sub+Hepat/o+icSub+Hepat/o+ic = Subhepatic = Subhepatic– Pertaining to under the liverPertaining to under the liver
Medical TermsMedical Terms
Intra+ven/o+ousIntra+ven/o+ous =Intravenous =Intravenous– Pertaining to within the veinPertaining to within the vein
Arthr/o+path+yArthr/o+path+y =Arthropathy =Arthropathy– Condition of disease of the jointCondition of disease of the joint
Oste/o+itisOste/o+itis =Osteitis =Osteitis– Inflammation of the boneInflammation of the bone
Word Roots Indicating ColorWord Roots Indicating Color
Cyan/o= blue; Cyan/o= blue; -sis= state of or -sis= state of or
conditioncondition– cyanosiscyanosis
Erythr/o= redErythr/o= red Cyte=cellCyte=cell
– erythrocyteserythrocytes Leuk/o= whiteLeuk/o= white
– LeukocytesLeukocytes
Melan/o= blackMelan/o= black -oma=tumor, mass -oma=tumor, mass
or swellingor swelling– MelanomaMelanoma
polio/o=gray polio/o=gray mattermatter
myel/o=spinal cord myel/o=spinal cord or bone marrowor bone marrow
-itis= inflammation-itis= inflammation– PoliomyelitisPoliomyelitis
Suffixes Related to Suffixes Related to ProceduresProcedures -centesis-centesis
– Surgical puncture to remove Surgical puncture to remove fluid fluid
-ectomy-ectomy– Surgical removalSurgical removal
-graphy-graphy– Process of recording a picture Process of recording a picture
or recordor record -gram-gram
– Record or pictureRecord or picture -plasty-plasty
– Surgical repairSurgical repair -scopy-scopy
– Visual examinationVisual examination
The Double RRsThe Double RRs
-rrhage and –rrhagia-rrhage and –rrhagia– Mean bursting forth, an abnormal Mean bursting forth, an abnormal
excessive fluid discharge or bleedingexcessive fluid discharge or bleeding
Ex: Hem/o+rrhage= hemorrhageEx: Hem/o+rrhage= hemorrhage
- means the loss of a large amount of - means the loss of a large amount of blood in a short timeblood in a short time