Bull. Ind. Inst. Hist. Med. Vol. XXI. pp. 65 to 72

MEDICAL MANUSCRIPTS OF QUTUB SHAHI PERIODIN THE LIBRARIES OF HYDERABAD

MOM IN All. & S. A. HUSSAIN*'*

PART III

ABSTRACT

In the previous articles under the above title a brief introduction tofive rare and most valuable manuscripts of the Outub Shahi period viz.1. IKHTIYARAT-E-OUTUB SHAH I. 2. RISAl-E-MEODARIAH. 3. TARJUMA-E-TAZKERAT-Ul-KEHHAlEEN. 4. ZUBDAT-Ul-HIKAM and 5. TIBB-E-FAREEOwas presented. Now a brief note on one more such manuscript entitled MIZAN-UT-TABA-E-OUTUB SHAH I is being presented in this article. This manuscriptwas compiled by Taqiuddin Mohammed Bin Sadruddin Ali, during the reignof Sultan Mohammed Outub Shah. It is partially based on the second partof the IKHTIYARAT-E-BADEYI and deals with compound drugs. methods ofpreparation. therapeutic uses and modes of administration along with thedescription of the diseases for which these drugs have been prescribed.

6. MIZAN-UT-TABA-E-QUTUB SHAHI

This manuscript was compiled inPersian language by Taqiuddin Moha-mmed Bin Sadruddin Ali, who wasone of the many learned and highlyqualified physicians of Golconda.during the reign of Sultan MohammedOutub Shah (1612-1626 A.D.). Itdeals with compound drugs. methodsof preparation. therapeutic uses anddiseases for which these drugshave been prescrib d It is to benoted here that, this manuscript is

partially based on the second part ofthe I khtiv eret-e-Bedevi, whereas theearlier mentioned work of Mir Moha-mmed Mornin, Ikhtiyarat-e-QutubShehi dealing with the single drugswas fully based on the first part ofthe same treatise. It seems no newpreparations have been added by theauthor. however. while carrying outtests on these drugs, the physiciansof that period might have suggestedsome formulary changes in accordance

~ Research Officer incharge, II HM Hvderabad.'i'·:. Resca-ch Assistant (Unani), IIHM, Hvderabad.

66

with the temperament of the peopleof Deccan and the same might havebeen incorporated in this work. Theauthor has named this manuscriptMizan-ut-Taba-e-Qutub Shehi withspecial reference to the disposition andtemperament of the people of Deccan.It is also suggested in this manuscriptthat, Mufradat (singls drugs) shouldalways be used and compound drugsshould only be used when their useseems to be most necessary.

Two copies of the Mizan-ut-Taba--e-Outub Shehi (Acc. Nos. Tibb 122and 266) are available in the SalarjungMuseum Library, Hyderabad in goodcondition with repairs at some places.Names of the scribes have not beenmentioned in both the copies. Thefirst one contains VII + 182 folios ofst"X 5t" size with 12 lines on eachpage written in Shikista script. Thesecond copy contains 127 folios of9t" X 4r· size with 21 lines on eachpage written in clear Naskh and itwas copied in 1734 A.D. at Hyderabad.It also bears a seal of MustaqimudDaulah (1246 A.H.). There is anothercopy of this manuscript in the AndhraPradesh Government Oriental Manus-cript Library and Research Institute,

Bull. Ind. Inst. Hist. Med. Vol. XXI

Hyderabad (Acc. No. 364). It contains107 folios of 7t" X 5t" size with13 lines on each page written inordinary script. Page numbering ismarked with pencil starting fromp.no. 37 and ending on p.no. 248.The name of its calligrapher is givenas Mir Badruddin. who copied it fromthe manuscript of a distinguishedperson called Abdur Rasool, in 1806A.D. at Qamar Nagar as mentionedby the scribe at the end of this copy.After this the scribe has added threeclosing verses in Persian language.

This manuscript begins with"The writing of preface of this bookstarts with due praise to SaneHekeem (Fig. 1) and ends on theratios of drugs, water and doses ofsharbats and further saying that thesame may be guessed for othersharbats. (Fig. 2)

Arrangement of Chapters: Thismanuscript has been divided intofour parts, namely Sughra, Kubra,Neti]e and Lazima, which have furtherbeen divided into various sub-divi-sions as mentioned on p. no. 3(tibb. 266) (Fig. 3).

1. Sughra - The first part is actually an introduction to this work, which hasbeen further sub-divided into five sections (Muqaddamas)dealing with various topics such as:

Section I - Nature, properties, necessity and effects of four categories offood & drinks. which are only food, only medicine, food- cum-medicine and medicine-cum food.

Medical Manuscripts of Outub Sbehi Perl od=-Momin Ali & Hussain 67

Section II - Classification of food, deficiencies, dietary methods tocompensate the same and kinds of absorption.

Section 111- Unwholesome or harmful combinations of food having oppositeproperties, suggestions reqatdinq spicery ingredients in thefoodrecipe with a view to control, rectify or subside the adverse orside effects of the main ingredients.

Section IV- Temperament or properties of druqs and food as found byexperience emphasizing on the fact that, the food is an essentialrequirement of permanent nature, whereas drugs occupysecondary position in order of requirement and casuallyrequired.

Section V - Temperament or properties of simple and compound drugs andthe traditional basis of classification of these drugs accordingto their nature i e. hot and cold.

2. Kubra

Section I

The second part is further sub-divided into four sections(Kalemas) dealing with various topics such as:

The principles regarding administration and making differentcombinations of drugs.

Section II - The principles regl'lrding fixation of quantities of ingredients ina formulation and dese,

Section 111- Principles and reasons for making different combinations ofdrugs.

Section IV-Purification of drugs by washing and roasting.

3. Nastija - The third part of this work has been sub-divided into twosections viz. Muqaddama and Matlab, dealing with the followingtopics:

Section I - Methods of determining the temperament or properties of thecompound drugs. The author has also given the views of thecommentators of Sede edi and Agsarai at some places.

Section II - The varieties and temperament of the following famouscompound drugs have been given as under:

a Tiryaq Under this group twenty recipes of antidotes against poisonshave been given.

68 Bull. Ind. lnst. Hist. Med. Vol. XXI

More than one hundred recipes of these electuary drugs havebeen described under this group. Out of which fifty recipesare from the second part of Ikbtiv eret-e-Bedevi and theremaining recipes are from other sources.

c Jawarish - More than fifty varieties of these digestive and stomachicrecipes have been mentioned.

b Majun

d Itrifel

e Ayarij

fOurs

9 Hub

h Sufuf

Nine varieties of these myrobalan electuary recipes have beenrecorded.

- Seven recipes of aperient drugs have been given.

Eleven recipes of tablets have been given.

Eighteen recipes of pills have been mentioned.

- Six recipes of powders are found in this group.

4. lazima - The fourth and the closing part of this work has also beensub-divided into two sections viz. Faida and Zeil.

Section I(Faida)

Sectien 11-(Zeil)

- Deals with different pharmaceutical weights and measures.such as - Habba - 1 yava, Tasuj - 1 yava of medium size.Oiret - 4 yava, Danaq or Dang - 8 yava, Turmusa - 20irat,Ubulua - 6 Oirat, Arama - 1t Dang. Dirham - 48 yava, andBoloos - 1 Dang (as per Zaqira) and 6 Misqal (as perOarabadeen-e-Oalansy) etc. Further, the author says no moreweights than those mentioned in Risal-e-Meqdariah of MirMohammed Momin can be added. The Indian weights likeTots and Man have also been included.

Deals with the dose of Sharbat (beverage type of preparation).According to the author with ten parts of ingredients, 30 partsof Sherbet should be obtained and then one tenth of it has tobe administered as a single dose.

Medical Manuscripts 01 Qutub Shahi Period-Momin Ali & Hussain 69

1. Chopra, P.N. et. al. 1979

BIBLIOGRAPHY

2. Najma Siddiqua 1973

3. Pasha, M.A. 1971

4. Raza Ali Khan 1986

5. Reddy, D.V.S. 1962

6. Zahuri. A.W. 1960

7. Zahuri, A.W. 1961

"History of South India," Vol. II(Medieval period) S. Chand & Co. Ltd,Ramnagar, New Delhi - 55 (India).

"Persian Language and LiteratureDuring the Outub Shahi reign 1518-1687 A.D." (Thesis submitted fordoctorate degree). Deptt of Persian,Osmania University, Hyderabad pp.160-179.

"Meezan-ul- Teba - e - Outub Shahi",Bulletin of the Institute of Historyof Medicine, Hyderabad. Vol. I,Nos, 1 & 2, 1971, pp. 29-30.

"Hvderabad A City in History", 1stedn; View- Point, Masab tank,Hyderabad - 28, (India).

"Medicine under the Outub ShahiKings of Golconda", ,.Proceedings ofthe Academy of Medical Sciences",Spl. No on Medical History. Vol. III,No 4, OcL 1961, pp. 23-36. Pu~ byThe Academy of Medical Sciences,Hyderabad-A. P. (India),

"Medical Aid, Medical Men andMedical Writings of the Outub ShahiPeriod", Indian Journal of the Historyof Medicine, Vol. V. No.1, June 1960,pp. 43-49. Pub. for the IndianAssociation of the History of Medicine,497, Poonamallee High Road, Madras-7(India).

"Outub Shahi Daur Ke Atibba AurUnke Tibbi Karname-l st & 2nd Part",Hamdard-e-Sehat. Vol. 30. Nos. 9 &10, Oct. & Nov, 1961. pp. 3-5.

70 Bull. Ind. tnst. Hist. Med. Vol. XXI

Fig. 1 First page of the manuscript Mizan-ut··Taba-e-Qutub Shahi,(Acc. No. 266) is showing the name of the author.Courtesy: Salar Jung Museum Library, Hyd. A.P.

Fig 2 Last page of the manuscript Mizan-ut- Taba-e-Qutub Shahi(Acc. No. 266).Courtesy: Salar Jung Museum Library, Hyderabad-A.P.

Medical Manuscripts of Outub Shehi Period=Momin Ali & Hussain 7'l

fig. 3 : An inner page of the manuscript Mizan-ut- Taba-e-QutubShahi (Ace. No. 266) showing the name of the book andits divisions.Courtesy : Salar Jung Museum library, Hyderabad-AP.

~{,.,..~I ~ Ihlt l.lz!£J~!n.e l!E :lh13J.eJIt-l.l:dSIhQ J,.h!Elnltt:lh13J.eJIn!h~J -l!!:H~

I:llt-lh13.1sll~-l.l.t-lhb~~lln:Ll.e~J ~~~ lhQ :lltt:L:I! .&~I ~ Q:LJllil~ :Lb ltllt h-lQ~J~

~~~- il- QIHh~~~ l~.I=:L~h ~ b~ !E~J!~ I ~~ :I! ~1!E ~.&l~ ~ ~1~~1l1&2h;1~th~lQ~lt lH~ -l~~ .I:!-l1it2,&~EJ 2.1U~-lh.I:!-l1~-l.EtQl~.I=L -l!£ bJ~J~1l1b.&~I ~

l~:L lk Ih!EJ Q~~.Is:I! .El~.&~ In:L.e.eJQ:l.l:'dJ~!€il :I! h.lsl.eJ~ bJ~J~lllb }.l~ !Eil

!Ehl~ t~U.2.1&~-il-l~Q-~~-.I:!lkth t!E Ll!E.I:i-l.&~!tl~ ~~ E~ I lh lhlt lh2J

h.l=}.Jh.Q:j~J~l!E 2l:L!h-il-~~QJ IhQ .Ii!E~J-~~-Q~~ t~~l~t-~~-Ql~JkQ

- il- h¥Q f Ih:LJl~.I!- il-~l'&:LJ t-l~ll.2E~~- il- QlHh~~~ :lhbJ~Jinlb h~1~ Q~~~

~il It¥~ .I=~b ~ ~l!E -l~ll.2E~~ ~~~ ~ !E¥ll.2~-l~ :I! :l.El~-l~ fllt

~~~a ·lZat~~~bJt.l::t-

~-hlb

Ihbl~l~lh !j:lbU:H~lJ:l• v v • v......,

l~ ~l~ Uln;h~~ h Ih~l1:~:lb!£ ~lh1l~~'V \,Ii .,- •....•• .•••. ~

~U~

ixx ·,011 ·paw ·lS!H 'iso] 'pu] '/Ins ~L