Z7396.1-09

Medical gas pipeline systems — Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

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Z7396.1-09

CSA Standards Update Service

Z7396.1-09August 2009

Title: Medical gas pipeline systems — Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuumPagination: 137 pages (xi preliminary and 126 text), each dated August 2009

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Z7396.1-09Medical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

CSA Standard

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100%

ISBN 978-1-55491-285-8Technical Editor: Cathryn Cortissoz

© Canadian Standards Association — 2009

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August 2009 iii

Contents

© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

Technical Committee on Anaesthetic Equipment, Respiratory Technology, and Critical Care Equipment vii

Subcommittee on Medical Gas Systems ix

Preface xi

1 Scope 1

2 Reference publications 2

3 Definitions 4

4 General requirements 9

5 Supply systems 95.1 General 95.2 Control equipment 105.2.1 Shut-off valves 105.2.2 Regulators 105.2.3 Pressure gauges 115.2.4 Pressure relief valves 115.2.5 Alarm sensors 125.3 High-pressure cylinder supply systems 125.3.1 General 125.3.2 Sources 135.3.3 Manifolds 145.4 Cryogenic liquid cylinder supply systems (portable bulk) 145.4.1 General 145.4.2 Sources 145.4.3 Manifolds 155.5 Stationary liquid supply systems (bulk systems) 155.5.1 General 155.5.2 Sources 165.5.3 Control equipment 165.6 Medical air supply systems 175.6.1 General 175.6.2 High-pressure cylinder supply systems for medical air 175.6.3 Compressor-based supply systems for medical air 175.7 Medical vacuum systems 235.7.1 General 235.7.2 Vacuum pumps 235.7.3 Vacuum piping and control components 245.7.4 Receivers 265.8 Oxygen concentrator systems 265.9 Instrument air supply systems 265.9.1 General 265.9.2 High-pressure cylinder supply systems for instrument air 275.9.3 Compressor-based supply systems for instrument air 275.10 Location of supply system components 305.10.1 General 30

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

iv August 2009

5.10.2 Outdoor enclosures 315.10.3 Rooms 31

6 Monitoring and alarm systems 336.1 General 336.2 Monitoring and alarm systems for supply systems and main pipeline pressures 336.2.1 General 336.2.2 Supply system alarms 346.2.3 Main pipeline pressure alarms 356.2.4 Master alarm panels 356.3 Monitoring and alarm systems for local pipeline pressures 376.3.1 General 376.3.2 Local emergency alarm panels 38

7 Pipeline distribution system 407.1 Materials 407.2 Sizes 417.3 Fittings 427.4 Joints 427.5 Flexible connections 437.6 Outlet points 43

8 Shut-off valves 448.1 General 448.2 Service isolation valves 448.3 Zone valves 458.4 Local gas regulation control panels 46

9 Terminal units and medical supply units 47

10 Marking 47

11 Pipeline installation 4811.1 General 4811.2 Location 4811.3 Pipeline support 4911.4 Installer qualifications and responsibilities 5011.4.1 Installer qualifications 5011.4.2 Installer methods and cautions 5011.4.3 Verification by installers 5011.5 Repairs, additions, and modifications to existing pipeline systems 5111.5.1 General 5111.5.2 Repairs 5111.5.3 Additions and modifications 52

12 Commissioning and testing 5312.1 General 5312.2 Commissioning of supply systems 5312.3 Commissioning of medical gas pipeline systems 5312.4 Compliance testing 5312.5 Health care facility responsibilities 5412.6 Accredited testing agency responsibilities 5512.6.1 General 5512.6.2 New systems and total replacements 55

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 v

12.6.3 Additions and modifications 5512.7 Test reports and records 56

13 Information to be supplied by the installer 5613.1 “As built” drawings 5613.2 Instruction manuals 5713.3 Maintenance schedules 58

14 Special requirements for small, non-hospital-based medical gas pipeline systems 5814.1 Application of this clause 5814.2 Sources 5814.3 Control equipment 5814.3.1 General 5814.3.2 Shut-off valves 5914.3.3 Alarms 5914.4 Medical gas piping system 6014.5 Pipeline distribution systems 6014.6 Medical gas terminal units 6014.7 Testing 60

15 Maintenance and ongoing verification 6015.1 General 6015.2 Detailed requirements 6115.2.1 Sources 6115.2.2 Control equipment 6215.2.3 Terminal units 62

AnnexesA (informative) — Commentary on clauses in this Standard 85B (normative) — Installation tests 91C (normative) — Supply system and master alarm system tests 93D (normative) — Inspection of pipelines, valves, and local emergency alarms 104E (informative) — Pipe size charts 116F (informative) — Suggested terminal unit distribution chart 124

Tables1 — Standard cylinder valve outlet connections 632 — Nominal distribution pressures 633 — Flow factors for more than one terminal unit 644 — Pressure (vacuum) requirements and flow factors 655 — Alarm requirements for cylinder and vessel-based supply systems 666 — Alarm requirements for mechanical supply systems 677 — Gas names, colours, and symbols 698 — Spacing of piping supports 70

Figures1 — End points of medical gas pipeline systems 712 — Symbols 723 — Bulk supply system with bulk reserve 734 — Bulk supply system with external high pressure cylinder reserve 745 — Bulk supply with internal high pressure cylinder reserve 756 — Typical bulk system for nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide 767 — Typical cryogenic liquid cylinder supply 77

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

vi August 2009

8 — Cryogenic liquid cylinder and high pressure cylinder supply 789 — Typical cylinder system 7910 — Medical air system 8011 — Instrument air system 8112 — Medical vacuum system 8213 — Small, non-hospital-based medical gas system 8314 — Terminology for pipelines and valves 84

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 vii

Technical Committee on Anaesthetic Equipment, Respiratory Technology, and Critical Care Equipment

S. Dain University of Western Ontario,London Health Sciences Centre,London, Ontario

Chair

J. Sloan Canadian Anesthesiologists Society, Toronto, Ontario

Vice-Chair

R. Benson Benson Medical Industries Ltd., Markham, Ontario

Associate

L. Brautigam Georgetown, Ontario

K. Brown The Montreal Children’s Hospital,Montréal, Québec

D.A. Chartrand Montreal Neurological Hospital,Montréal, Québec

Associate

C. Geraghty Standards Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario

Associate

G. Girouard CHU Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec

M. Graber Datex-Ohmeda, Inc.,Madison, Wisconsin, USA

Associate

B. Hunt Class 1 Inc., Cambridge, Ontario

D. Kirby New Maryland, New Brunswick

J. Kobe Winnipeg, Manitoba

M. Kurrek The Scarborough Hospital, Grace Division,Scarborough, Ontario

D. Langlais Bureau de Normalisation du Québec,Sainte-Foy, Québec

Associate

K. LeDez Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Newfoundland

G. Mendes GE Health Care Technologies, Mississauga, Ontario

Associate

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

viii August 2009

S. Ouimet The Montreal Children’s Hospital, Montréal, Québec

D. Piper Maquet Dynamed Inc., Surrey, British Columbia

H. Thiemann Medical Device Industry, Perkasie, Pennsylvania, USA

C. Cortissoz Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, Ontario

Project Manager

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 ix

Subcommittee on Medical Gas Systems

B. Hunt Class 1 Inc., Cambridge, Ontario

Chair

L. Brautigam Georgetown, Ontario Vice-Chair

D. Kirby New Maryland, New Brunswick Vice-Chair

M. Ahkye Alberta Health Services PLC Site,Calgary, Alberta

M. Allen BeaconMedaes, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA

S. Dain University of Western Ontario,London Health Sciences Centre,London, Ontario

F. DePaepe DMS Medical Gas Systems, Milton, Ontario

G. Edwards Praxair Canada Inc.,Mississauga, Ontario

P. Edwards VitalAire Healthcare, Edmonton, Alberta

R. Hubble Quispamsis, New Brunswick

A. Jang CANTEST Limited,Burnaby, British Columbia

R. LeBlanc South-East Regional Health Authority, Moncton Hospital,Moncton, New Brunswick

C. MacGregor MacGregor Associates, Halifax, Nova Scotia

R. McElroy RANA Respiratory Care Group, Morden, Manitoba

R. Nadeau Busch Vacuum Technics Inc., Boisbriand, Québec

C. Over Class 1 Inc., Cambridge, Ontario

G. Pankiw Brant Community Health Care System, Brantford, Ontario

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

x August 2009

A. Pinkerton PMG Systems Ltd. (Pinkerton Medical Gas),Toronto, Ontario

S. Polson Amvex Corporation, Richmond Hill, Ontario

M. Rosenblitt LKM Partner of SNC-Lavalin Inc.,Don Mills, Ontario

J. Smith Hemisphere Engineering, Spruce Grove, Alberta

M. Zacharias H. H. Angus and Associates Ltd., Toronto, Ontario

T. Zuana Ottawa Civic Hospital,Ottawa, Ontario

C. Cortissoz Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, Ontario

Project Manager

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 xi

Preface

This is the second edition of CSA Z7396.1, Medical gas pipeline systems — Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum. It is based on ISO 7396-1, but contains revisions and additional requirements to reflect Canadian practices and safety considerations. It supersedes the previous edition published in 2006.

This Standard is primarily intended to address new installations and does not require the retrofitting of existing systems. Clause 11.5 deals with repairs, additions, and modifications to existing pipeline systems. The Subcommittee recommends, for existing systems, that health care facilities document and survey their installations to determine the adequacy of the pipeline distribution system and to properly identify components for emergency and/or maintenance procedures. Explanatory material has been added to clarify the content of this Standard. An asterisk (*) beside a clause number identifies a clause for which further information is provided in Annex A.

This Standard was prepared by the Subcommittee on Medical Gas Systems, under the jurisdiction of the Technical Committee on Anaesthetic Equipment, Respiratory Technology, and Critical Care Equipment and the Strategic Steering Committee on Health Care Technology, and has been formally approved by the Technical Committee.

August 2009

Notes: (1) Use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows.(2) Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it remains

the responsibility of the users of the Standard to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.(3) This publication was developed by consensus, which is defined by CSA Policy governing standardization — Code of

good practice for standardization as “substantial agreement. Consensus implies much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity”. It is consistent with this definition that a member may be included in the Technical Committee list and yet not be in full agreement with all clauses of this publication.

(4) CSA Standards are subject to periodic review, and suggestions for their improvement will be referred to the appropriate committee.

(5) All enquiries regarding this Standard, including requests for interpretation, should be addressed to Canadian Standards Association, 5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6. Requests for interpretation should

(a) define the problem, making reference to the specific clause, and, where appropriate, include an illustrative sketch;(b) provide an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field condition; and(c) be phrased where possible to permit a specific “yes” or “no” answer.Committee interpretations are processed in accordance with the CSA Directives and guidelines governing

standardization and are published in CSA’s periodical Info Update, which is available on the CSA Web site at www.csa.ca.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 1

Z7396.1-09Medical gas pipeline systems — Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

1 Scope

1.1*This Standard specifies safety requirements for medical gas pipeline systems in health care facilities. It is intended for use by anyone involved in the design, construction, inspection, and operation of medical gas systems.

1.2The provisions of this Standard are intended to(a) ensure that each medical gas pipeline provides the correct gas or vacuum to the corresponding

terminal unit;(b) specify the use of gas-specific components for terminal units and for other connectors that are

normally accessible to the user;(c) ensure a continuous supply of each medical gas or medical vacuum;(d) specify multiple sources complete with redundant components sufficient to ensure an uninterrupted

supply in normal condition or in single fault condition;(e) provide general guidance for source and pipeline sizing;(f) ensure that medical gases are not contaminated by the pipeline;(g) specify materials of construction of sources and pipelines, installation methods, allowable minor

components, and testing required to ensure the pipeline system does not contaminate medical gases; and

(h) confirm, through testing, that each medical gas pipeline contains only the specified gas prior to its use in patient care.

1.3This Standard applies to pipeline systems for(a) medical gases or medical gas mixtures, intended for patient care, including

(i) oxygen;(ii) medical air;(iii) nitrous oxide;(iv) carbon dioxide;(v) oxygen 93;(vi) helium;(vii) oxygen/nitrous oxide mixtures; and(viii) helium/oxygen mixtures;

(b) the following gases for powering devices unrelated to human respiration:(i) instrument air; and(ii) nitrogen; and

(c) medical vacuum.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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1.4This Standard includes requirements for the installation, performance, documentation, testing, commissioning, and maintenance of medical gas pipeline systems. Specifically, these requirements relate to the(a) design of systems to ensure the continuous supply of gas or vacuum;(b) selection of materials and components;(c) non-interchangeability of equipment between different gas systems and services;(d) cleanliness of materials and components and of the completed system;(e) configuration of system components;(f) control, monitoring, and alarm systems;(g) markings and information to be supplied by the manufacturer or installer;(h) contaminant testing of pipelines;(i) final testing; and(j) maintenance and ongoing verification.

1.5This Standard does not apply to medical gas pipeline systems supplying hyperbaric chambers.Note: See CSA Z275.1.

1.6This Standard does not provide specific requirements for oxygen concentrator supply systems for connection to the oxygen pipeline distribution systems.Note: Requirements for oxygen concentrator supply systems for connection to the oxygen pipeline distribution systems described in this Standard are provided in CAN/CSA-Z10083.

1.7This Standard does not apply to veterinary and animal research facilities.Note: The relevant requirements of this Standard, particularly those regarding safety, should be incorporated in the design, construction, and installation of piping systems in these facilities. These systems should be inspected and tested by qualified testing agencies.

1.8In CSA Standards, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and “can” is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

1.9The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. Unless otherwise specified, pressures in this Standard are expressed as gauge pressure (i.e., atmospheric pressure is defined as 0).

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 3

2 Reference publicationsThis Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the edition listed below, including all amendments published thereto.

CSA (Canadian Standards Association)B51-09Boiler, pressure vessel, and pressure piping code

B339-08Cylinders, spheres, and tubes for the transportation of dangerous goods

C22.1-09Canadian Electrical Code, Part I

Z32-04Electrical safety and essential electrical systems in health care facilities

CAN/CSA-Z180.1-00 (R2005)Compressed breathing air and systems

Z275.1-05Hyperbaric facilities

CAN/CSA-Z305.1-92 (R2001) (withdrawn)Nonflammable medical gas piping systems

CAN/CSA-Z305.6-92 (R2007)Medical oxygen concentrator central supply system for use with nonflammable medical gas piping systems

CAN/CSA-Z305.8-03 (R2008)Medical supply units

Z305.12-06Safe storage, handling, and use of portable oxygen systems in residential buildings and health care facilities

CAN/CSA-Z317.2-01 (R2008)Special requirements for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in health care facilities

CAN/CSA-Z1000-06Occupational health and safety management

CAN/CSA-Z5359-04 (R2009)Low-pressure hose assemblies for use with medical gases

CAN/CSA-Z7396.2-02 (R2007)Medical gas pipeline systems — Part 2: Anaesthetic gas scavenging disposal systems

CAN/CSA-Z9170-1-00 (R2005)Terminal units for medical gas pipeline systems — Part 1: Terminal units for use with compressed medical gases and vacuum

CAN/CSA-Z10083-08Oxygen concentrator supply systems for use with medical gas pipeline systems

CAN/CSA-Z10524-02Pressure regulators and pressure regulators with flow-metering devices for medical gas systems

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

4 August 2009

ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC), 2007

ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials)B819-00 (2006)Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube for Medical Gas Systems

AWS (American Welding Society)A5.8/A5.8M-04Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding

CGA (Compressed Gas Association)G-4.1-2004Cleaning Equipment for Oxygen Service

G-8.1-2007Standard for Nitrous Oxide Systems at Consumer Sites

P-2-2006Characteristics and Safe Handling of Medical Gases

V-1-2005Standard for Compressed Gas Cylinder Valve Outlet and Inlet Connections

V-5-2008Diameter Index Safety System (Noninterchangeable Low Pressure Connections for Medical Gas Applications)

CGSB (Canadian General Standards Board)CAN/CGSB-24.2-M86Identification of Medical Gas Containers, Pipelines and Valves

ISO (International Organization for Standardization)7396-1:2007Medical gas pipeline systems — Part 1: Pipelines for compressed medical gases and vacuums

ISO/IEC (International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission)ISO/IEC 17025:2005General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories

NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)50 (2001)Standard for Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites

USP (US Pharmacopeial Convention)US Pharmacopeia (USP) 2000

3 DefinitionsThe following definitions shall apply in this Standard:

Accredited testing agency — an organization accredited to the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025 and authorized to inspect and test medical gas systems.Note: In Canada, accreditation is done by Standards Council of Canada.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 5

Air compressor system — a supply system with compressor(s) designed to provide medical air or air for driving surgical tools, or both.

Anaesthetizing location — any room in a health care facility in which(a) the induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia are routinely carried out in the course of the

examination or treatment of patients; or(b) both nitrous oxide and oxygen are supplied by pipeline.

Auxiliary oxygen inlet — an inlet to the oxygen supply system, connected upstream of the supply shut-off valve.

Branch — a portion of the pipeline distribution system that supplies one or more zones on the same floor of the facility.

Commissioning — the proof of function to verify that the agreed system specification is met and is accepted by the user or the user’s representative.

Control equipment — components necessary to maintain the medical gas pipeline system within the specified operating parameters.Note: Examples of control equipment are pressure regulators, pressure relief valves, alarms, sensors, manual or automatic valves, and non-return valves.

Creep (pressure regulator)* — when the low pressure (outlet) side of a regulator increases over time without additional positive pressure from the static set adjustment.

Cryogenic liquid cylinder supply system — a supply system for which the primary source is liquefied gas stored under cryogenic conditions in cylinders that are not permanently installed in the health care facility. Note: See also Stationary liquid supply system.

Diameter index safety system (DISS) — threaded connections that comply with the requirements of CGA V-5.

Diversity factor — a factor that represents the maximum proportion of terminal units, in a defined clinical area that will be used at the same time, at flow rates defined in agreement with the management of the health care facility.

Emergency alarm — an alarm that indicates to technical and/or medical staff that the supply pressure is outside normal operating limits and requires an immediate response.

Emergency inlet point — an inlet point that allows the connection of an emergency supply.

Emergency supply — a source of supply intended to be connected to an emergency inlet point.

Gas-specific — having characteristics that prevent connections between different gas services.

Gas-specific connector — a connector with dimensional characteristics that prevent connections between different gas services.Note: Examples of gas specific connectors are quick connectors, screw-threaded connectors, diameter-indexed safety system connectors, or non-interchangeable screw-threaded connectors.

General anaesthesia — the patient state of unconsciousness, analgesia, and amnesia induced through the administration of anaesthetic agents (e.g., gases, volatile liquids, or intravenous drugs).

Health care facility — a set of physical infrastructure elements that are intended to support the delivery of specific health-related services. Note: Health care facilities include hospitals, extended-care facilities, multi-level care facilities, hospices, psychiatric clinics, intermediate care facilities, rehabilitation centres, group homes, outpatient clinics, surgical clinics, dentist’s offices, and doctor’s clinics.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

6 August 2009

High-pressure cylinder supply system — a supply system that uses compressed gas cylinders as the primary and secondary sources.

Installer — a qualified person or company responsible for the installation of medical gas pipeline systems or components within a system.

Instrument air — the air intended for powering of devices unrelated to human respiration (e.g., surgical tools, ceiling arms). Note: Medical air and instrument air are distinct systems for mutually exclusive applications. Instrument air is a medical support gas that falls under the general requirements for medical gases.

Junction point — the connection point between a medical supply unit and the medical gas pipeline distribution system.

Line pressure regulator — a pressure regulator intended to supply the nominal distribution pressure to the terminal units.

Local emergency alarm — a system used to monitor the pressure of a medical gas or vacuum downstream of a zone valve.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

Local gas regulation control panel — a permanent, manually adjustable local control panel, installed downstream of a zone valve, that controls the gas pressure for a terminal unit or a group of terminal units where the nominal pipeline distribution pressure is greater than 350 kPa (50 psi).Notes: (1) This is sometimes referred to as a “surgeon’s control panel”.(2) See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

Low pressure — pressure less than 1380 kPa (200 psi).

Low-pressure hose assembly — an assembly that consists of a hose with permanently attached gas-specific inlet and outlet connectors and is designed to conduct a medical gas at pressures less than 1380 kPa.Note: A permanent connection is one that cannot be undone without a special tool or without destroying one of the connectors so that the hose cannot be reused.

Main pipeline — a portion of the pipeline distribution system connecting the supply system to risers and/or branches.

Manifold — a device for connecting the outlet(s) of one or more cylinders, cylinder bundles, or a cryogenic liquid system of the same gas to the pipeline system.

Manufacturer — a person or company responsible for (a) selling a medical device or a medical gas system component under the person’s or company’s own

name or under a trademark, design, trade name, or other name or mark owned or controlled by the person or company; and

(b) designing, manufacturing, assembling, processing, labelling, packaging, refurbishing, or modifying the device or component or for assigning a purpose to the device or component whether those tasks are performed by that person or company or by others on the person’s or company’s behalf.

Master alarm — a warning system that monitors(a) the operation and condition of the supply systems in a medical gas pipeline system; and(b) the pressures in the main lines of each medical gas and vacuum service.

Medical air — a mixture of gases, mainly composed of oxygen and nitrogen in specified proportions in accordance with the health care facility’s formulary with defined limits for the concentration of contaminants, supplied by a medical gas pipeline system and intended for administration to patients.Note: Medical air can be produced by supply systems with air compressors or with cylinders.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 7

Medical gas — any gas or mixture of gases intended for administration to patients for anaesthetic, therapeutic, diagnostic, or prophylactic purposes.

Medical gas pipeline system — a complete system that comprises a supply system, a monitoring and alarm system, and a distribution system with terminal units at the points where medical gases or vacuum is required.

Medical supply unit — prefabricated equipment of Class I, Type B, that supplies medical gases, either singly or in combination with other services, at the point of patient care.Note: Medical supply units can include medical electrical equipment or systems, or parts of such equipment or systems that might be applied to diagnosis, therapeutics, and communications. Medical supply units can consist of modular sections for functions such as(a) supply of medical gases;(b) supply of liquids;(c) anaesthetic gas scavenging;(d) electrical supply;(e) lighting for therapy or illumination; and(f) communication.

Nominal distribution pressure — the pressure that the medical gas pipeline system delivers to control the pipeline pressure.

Non-return valve — the valve that permits flow in one direction only.

Operating alarm — the alarm to indicate to technical staff that it is necessary to replenish the gas supply or to correct a malfunction.

Oxygen concentrator — a device that produces oxygen 93 from ambient air by extraction of nitrogen.

Pipeline distribution system — a portion of a medical gas or vacuum pipeline system linking the supply system to the terminal units.

Pressure regulator — a device that reduces the inlet pressure and maintains the set outlet pressure within specified limits.

Pressure relief valve — a device intended to relieve excess pressure at a pre-set pressure value.

Primary source — the portion of a supply system that is the first to be drawn on to supply the pipeline distribution system.

Proportioning system — a supply system in which gases are mixed in a specified ratio (see Clause 5.6.1.2).

Reserve source — the portion of the supply system that supplies the complete pipeline distribution system or a portion thereof in the event of failure or exhaustion of both the primary and secondary sources of supply.

Riser — the portion of the pipeline distribution system traversing one or more floors and connecting the main line with branch lines on various levels.

SCFM — standard cubic feet per minute or the volume of free air in cubic feet per minute measured at 14.5 psi, 20 °C (68°F), and 0% relative humidity.

Secondary source — the portion of the supply system that supplies the pipeline distribution system in the event of failure or exhaustion of the primary source of supply.

Service isolation valve — a shut-off valve in the pipeline distribution system that is intended for use only by authorized personnel for emergency or maintenance purposes.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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Shut-off valve — a valve that prevents flow in both directions when closed.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

Silencing — the temporary stopping of an auditory alarm signal by manual action.Note: This is also referred to as audio pausing.

Single fault condition — a condition in which a single means for protection against a safety hazard in equipment is defective or a single external abnormal condition is present.Note: Maintenance of equipment is considered a normal condition.

Small, non-hospital-based medical gas pipeline system — a medical gas pipeline system that(a) does not exceed more than two high pressure cylinders of any medical gas connected;(b) supplies not more than ten terminal units of any one of the non-flammable medical gases, all of

which are installed in a single facility; and(c) is not used for general anaesthesia.

Source of supply — a portion of the supply system, with associated control equipment, that supplies the pipeline distribution system.

Source shut-off valve — an isolation valve, immediately adjacent to a piece of source equipment, that is used to isolate the source equipment from the rest of the supply system.Notes: (1) Examples of source isolation valves are bulk pad tank isolation valves and bulk pad isolation valves.(2) See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

Stationary liquid supply system — a system that uses at least one source consisting of permanently mounted liquid storage vessels stamped in accordance with the requirements of the appropriate section of the ASME BPVC.Notes: (1) These systems are sometimes referred to as bulk systems.(2) See also Cryogenic liquid cylinder supply system.

Supply shut-off valve — the main shut-off valve between a supply system and its pipeline distribution system, located inside the health care facility and accessible by facility personnel.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

Supply system — an assembly that supplies the pipeline distribution system and that includes all sources of supply.

System design flow — the flow calculated from the maximum flow requirement of the health care facility and corrected by the diversity factor(s).

Terminal unit — an outlet assembly (inlet for vacuum) in a medical gas pipeline system at which the operator makes connections and disconnections.

Vacuum system — a supply system equipped with vacuum pumps designed to provide a flow at negative pressure.

Zone valve — a shut-off valve in the pipeline distribution system that allows patient care personnel to isolate a zone within a health care facility in the event of an emergency.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 9

4 General requirements

4.1Medical gas pipeline systems shall, when installed, commissioned, operated, and maintained according to the instructions of the manufacturer or installer, cause no safety hazard, in normal and single fault conditions, that could reasonably be foreseen using risk analysis procedures. Risk management procedures shall be conducted in accordance with CSA/CSA-Z1000.

4.2The medical gases listed in Clause 1.3(a) shall be added to the health care facility’s formulary prior to the installation of each source of supply.

4.3The medical gas pipeline system, supplying the medical gases listed in Clause 1.3(a) or medical vacuum, that is used for patient care shall not be used for any other purpose.

4.4The medical gas pipeline system, supplying the medical gases listed in Clause 1.3(b), that is used for powering devices unrelated to human respiration shall not be used for patient care.

4.5The medical gas pipeline system shall not supply a laboratory unless such use is directly and exclusively for patient care in the laboratory or for the supply of medical gases or medical vacuum to human subjects.

4.6The medical gas piping system shall comply with the construction and performance requirements in Clauses 5 through 13 and with the design limitations specified in Clause 14.4.

4.7Dental facilities and other small, non-hospital-based medical gas pipeline systems shall comply with the requirements of this Standard as specified by Clause 14.

4.8Animal laboratories shall not be connected to a medical gas pipeline system that supplies gases to human patients.

4.9Dental facilities within a health care facility shall not be connected to those portions of the medical gas pipeline system that supply medical vacuum or medical air.

5 Supply systems

5.1 General

5.1.1Supply systems shall cause no interruption of supply in normal condition or in single fault condition.Note: Loss of electrical power in normal mains or loss of water supply is a single fault condition.

Supply systems shall be sized by the health care facility in consultation with its technical and clinical staff, consulting engineers, and equipment supplier.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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5.1.2Each supply system shall be one of the following:(a) a high-pressure cylinder system (see Clause 5.3 and Figure 9);(b) a cryogenic liquid cylinder system (portable bulk) (see Clause 5.4 and Figures 7 and 8);(c) a stationary liquid system (bulk system) (see Clause 5.5 and Figures 3 to 6);(d) a compressor system for medical air (see Clause 5.6.3 and Figure 10);(e) a medical vacuum system (see Clause 5.7 and Figure 12);(f) an oxygen concentrator system (see Clause 5.9.3); or(g) a compressor system for instrument air (see Clause 5.9 and Figure 11).

5.1.3Each source within a supply system shall be capable of operating independently of the other sources.

5.1.4If the supply system includes a reserve source, the reserve source shall be connected upstream of the line pressure regulators.

5.1.5There shall be an auxiliary inlet for each supply system located downstream of the supply system shut-off valve. The auxiliary inlet shall consist of a branch line and isolation valve the same size as the main to which they are connected. The isolation valve shall be secured in the closed position and capped for cleanliness.

5.1.6The storage capacity of each supply system using gas in cylinders shall be based on(a) the estimated usage of the gas by the owner; and(b) the frequency of delivery of the gas by the gas supplier.Note: The capacity of the primary, secondary, and reserve supplies of all supply systems should be determined by the management of the health care facility in consultation with the manufacturer and the gas supplier. The number of cylinders held in storage should also be defined and appropriate storage facilities provided.

5.2 Control equipmentNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the control equipment requirements specified in Clauses 5.2.1, 5.2.2.1, 5.2.2.3, 5.2.4.1, 5.2.4.3, 5.2.4.5, and 5.2.4.6.

5.2.1 Shut-off valvesEach source shall have a non-return valve and a source shut-off valve for isolation. The source shut-off valve shall be(a) downstream of the non-return valve and all other control equipment for that source; and(b) upstream of any junction where another source enters the pipeline.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

5.2.2 Regulators

5.2.2.1For each supply system other than vacuum, at least two line pressure regulators, compatible with the gas being controlled, shall be installed in parallel to control the distribution pipeline pressure.

5.2.2.2Each line pressure regulator shall be capable of maintaining a constant dynamic delivery pressure at the maximum design flow of the pipeline distribution system.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 11

5.2.2.3Line pressure regulators shall be installed in a dual-arm assembly. Each arm shall contain, in the following order,(a) an inlet shut-off valve;(b) a pressure regulator;(c) a pressure gauge that is either part of the line pressure regulator or is installed directly downstream of

the line pressure regulator;(d) a bleed valve downstream of the line pressure regulator;

Note: The bleed valve may be integral to the delivery side of the pressure regulator.(e) a pressure relief valve installed downstream of the pressure regulator, with no valve intervening; and(f) an outlet shut-off valve.

5.2.2.4The secondary regulator shall be set at a pressure that is below the pipeline low pressure alarm (see Clause 6.2.3.2) setting but not less than 241 kPa (35 psi).Note: Table 2 provides suggested nominal distribution pressures.

5.2.2.5The primary and secondary regulator pressure settings shall be reversed and tested every 6 months and the results of the tests shall be recorded.

5.2.3 Pressure gaugesPressure gauges in the supply system shall conform to Clause 7.1.7.

5.2.4 Pressure relief valves

5.2.4.1Pressure relief valves shall be certified as meeting the requirements of CSA B51. Pressure relief valves shall bear a certification mark or tag, as well as a record of the most recent test date.Note: On-site testing of pressure relief valves is neither required nor recommended.

5.2.4.2Pressure relief valves shall(a) be of materials compatible with the medical gas for which they are designated; and(b) relieve the pressure with no more than 10% overpressure.

5.2.4.3Pressure relief valves downstream of line pressure regulators shall be set as follows:(a) for medical air, nitrous oxide, and oxygen, a maximum of 520 kPa (75 psi);(b) for instrument air and nitrogen, a maximum of 1360 kPa (200 psi); and(c) for carbon dioxide and other gases not specified in Items (a) and (b), 50% above nominal pipeline

pressure but not exceeding 1360 kPa (200 psi).Note: For source equipment installed upstream of the line pressure regulators, users should ensure they are familiar with applicable legislation regarding pressure relief valve installation. Where this Standard conflicts with applicable legislation, it is assumed that the legislation applies.

5.2.4.4Pressure relief valve vent pipes shall be sized in such a way that the vent line back pressure plus relief valve overpressure does not exceed 10% of set point. They shall be compatible in their materials and joining methods with the medical gas being vented. Vent pipes may be run in common for pressure relief valves of a single gas provided that the protected systems are at the same pressure.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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5.2.4.5For all compressed medical gases, except medical air and instrument air, pressure relief valves shall be vented to the outside of the building, away from flammable materials and the vents shall be turned down and protected from the ingress of insects and debris. The outlets of pressure relief vent pipes shall be at least 3 m (10 ft) from any door, operable window, or ventilation intake and located so that discharges will not endanger passersby. When locating vents, consideration should be given to the potential effects of prevailing winds or accumulated snow.

5.2.4.6Means of pressure relief shall not be isolated (e.g., by a shut-off valve) from the pipeline or the pressure regulator to which they are connected. If a valve or a flow-limiting device is incorporated for maintenance, it shall be fully opened by the insertion of the means of pressure relief.

5.2.5 Alarm sensors

5.2.5.1Supply systems for liquid or compressed gases shall be equipped with alarm sensors to detect(a) high pressure in the pipeline distribution system;(b) low pressure in the pipeline distribution system;(c) that a secondary source is in use;(d) that the reserve source, if used by the system, is in use; and(e) that the reserve source, if used by the system, has been depleted to less than 50% of its capacity

or that its pressure has dropped below the value set by the manufacturer for safe and reliable use.Note: See Clause 6.2 for supply system alarm requirements.

5.2.5.2Supply systems for vacuum shall be equipped with alarm sensors to detect low vacuum in the pipeline.

5.3 High-pressure cylinder supply systemsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the high-pressure cylinder supply system requirements specified in Clauses 5.3.1.2, 5.3.2.3, 5.3.2.4, and 5.3.3.1.

5.3.1 General

5.3.1.1A high-pressure cylinder supply system shall consist of(a) at least two sources, which will alternate to supply the system (each acting in turn as primary and

secondary sources);(b) an automatic manifold to control the sources, so that as one source becomes exhausted the other is

used; and(c) control equipment, as specified in Clause 5.2, to supply the pipeline distribution system.

In addition, the system may have a reserve supply.

5.3.1.2The high-pressure cylinder supply system shall have means for the connection of a gas supply upstream of the line pressure regulators to temporarily supply the system during servicing of the manifolds.

5.3.1.3All components of the medical gas pipeline system that can be exposed to cylinder pressure in normal or single fault condition shall (a) function according to their specifications after being exposed to 1.5 times the cylinder pressure for

15 min; andNote: The component manufacturer’s specifications should be consulted.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 13

(b) not ignite when submitted to oxygen pressure shocks. The test for ignition shall be as specified in Clause 11.8.1 of CAN/CSA-Z10524.Note: The component manufacturer’s specifications should be consulted.

5.3.2 Sources

5.3.2.1Each source that uses high-pressure cylinders shall be equipped with a(a) cylinder or a bank of cylinders with flexible connectors and a common header;(b) pressure regulator;(c) pressure gauge;(d) pressure relief valve; and(e) non-return valve and source shut-off valve as specified in Clause 5.2.1.Notes: (1) For nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide supply systems, the indicated pressure is not related to the volume of liquid in the

cylinder(s).(2) See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

5.3.2.2*Carbon dioxide supply systems shall not use siphon-type cylinders.

5.3.2.3The flexible connector from each cylinder to its header or to the manifold shall be gas-specific for the intended purpose at both ends and be equipped with a non-return valve at the header.

5.3.2.4The flexible connectors between the cylinders and the manifold shall be marked with(a) the name or trademark of the manufacturer or supplier; and(b) the symbol or name of the gas or the gas mixture, in accordance with CAN/CSA-Z5359, or the

CGA number corresponding to the appropriate gas-specific connector.The flexible connections for oxidizing gases, including oxygen, medical air, nitrous oxide, and

instrument air, shall not be polymer-lined and shall not introduce contaminants.

5.3.2.5A filter, compatible with the gas in use and having a pore size no greater than 100 µm, shall be provided between the cylinder(s) and the first pressure regulator. The filter shall be maintained or replaced in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

5.3.2.6High-pressure cylinders shall be designed, constructed, tested, and maintained in accordance with the requirements of CSA B339. Colour marking of compressed gas cylinders intended for medical use shall conform to the requirements of CAN/CGSB-24.2.Note: See also CGA P-2.

5.3.2.7Means shall be provided to secure all high-pressure cylinders that are connected to, or in the same location as, the supply system. The flexible connections between each cylinder and the manifold shall not be used for this purpose.

5.3.2.8Cylinder valve inlet and outlet connections shall be as specified in Table 1.Note: When non-flammable gases or gas mixtures other than those listed in Clause 1.3 are to be piped, care should be taken to ensure non-interchangeability with other medical gases.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

14 August 2009

5.3.3 Manifolds

5.3.3.1Manifolds shall function in such a way that(a) when the primary source fails or becomes exhausted, the secondary source automatically operates to

supply the pipeline system;(b) when the primary source is replenished, it becomes the secondary source; and(c) the reserve source (if provided) automatically operates if the secondary source fails or becomes

exhausted.

5.3.3.2Manifolds shall be compatible in design and materials with the intended gas service.Note: The manifold is connected to the control equipment that supplies the pipeline distribution system at the required pressure.

5.4 Cryogenic liquid cylinder supply systems (portable bulk)Note: See Annex C for testing protocols for the cryogenic liquid supply system requirements specified in Clauses 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.2, 5.4.2.3, and 5.4.3.1.

5.4.1 General

5.4.1.1A cryogenic liquid cylinder supply system shall consist of(a) a primary source consisting of one or more cryogenic liquid cylinders;(b) a secondary source consisting of either cryogenic liquid cylinder(s) or high-pressure cylinders;(c) a reserve source consisting of high-pressure cylinders for gases other than nitrogen;(d) an automatic manifold that operates the secondary source when the primary source becomes

exhausted; and(e) control equipment as specified in Clause 5.2 to supply the pipeline distribution system.

5.4.1.2Cryogenic liquid cylinders shall not be used as a reserve source.

5.4.1.3The cryogenic liquid supply system shall have means for the connection of a gas supply upstream of the line pressure regulators to temporarily supply the system during servicing of the manifolds.

5.4.2 Sources

5.4.2.1Each source that uses cryogenic liquid cylinders shall be equipped with a(a) cylinder or a bank of cylinders with flexible connectors and a common header;(b) pressure regulator;(c) pressure gauge;(d) pressure relief valve; and(e) non-return valve and a source shut-off valve as specified in Clause 5.2.1.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

5.4.2.2The flexible connectors between each cylinder and the manifold shall be gas-specific for the intended purpose at both ends and be equipped with non-return valves at the header.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 15

5.4.2.3The flexible connectors between the cylinders and the manifold shall be marked with(a) the name or trademark of the manufacturer or supplier; and(b) the symbol or name of the gas or the gas mixture, in accordance with CAN/CSA-Z5359, or the

CGA number corresponding to the appropriate gas-specific connector.

5.4.2.4A filter, compatible with the gas in use and having a pore size no greater than 100 μm, shall be provided between the cylinder(s) and the first pressure regulator. The filter shall be maintained or replaced in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

5.4.2.5If high-pressure cylinders are used as a secondary source or reserve, the installation shall comply with the requirements in Clause 5.3.2.

5.4.3 Manifolds

5.4.3.1Manifolds shall function in such a way that(a) when the primary source fails or becomes exhausted, the secondary source automatically operates to

supply the pipeline system;(b) when the primary source is replenished, it becomes the secondary source; and(c) the reserve source (if provided) automatically operates if the secondary source fails or becomes

exhausted.

5.4.3.2Manifolds shall be compatible in design and materials with the intended gas service.Note: The manifold is connected to the control equipment that supplies the pipeline distribution system at the required pressure.

5.5 Stationary liquid supply systems (bulk systems)Note: See Annex C for testing protocols for the stationary liquid supply system requirements specified in Clauses 5.5.1.2, 5.5.1.3, 5.5.2.3, and 5.5.3.1.

5.5.1 General

5.5.1.1A stationary liquid supply system shall consist of(a) a primary source consisting of either a cryogenic liquid vessel for nitrogen or oxygen or a

non-cryogenic liquid vessel for nitrous oxide or carbon dioxide;(b) a secondary source that uses either a stationary liquid vessel or high-pressure cylinders; and(c) control equipment as specified in Clauses 5.2 and 5.5.3 to supply the pipeline distribution system.

5.5.1.2A stationary cryogenic liquid supply system that provides oxygen shall include an auxiliary oxygen inlet that consists of a tee, shut-off valve, and a plugged or capped connection point. The inlet shall be designed to meet 100% of the system design flow. The connection shall be located downstream of the last isolation valve on the pad containing the stationary cryogenic liquid oxygen source.Note: The auxiliary oxygen inlet is provided to facilitate repair or exchange of the cryogenic primary and secondary sources.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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5.5.1.3A stationary cryogenic liquid supply system that provides oxygen shall include an emergency oxygen inlet that consists of a pressure relief valve, shut-off valve, and a plugged or capped connection point. The emergency oxygen inlet shall be designed to meet 100% of the system design flow. The emergency oxygen inlet shall be mounted in a tamper-proof and weatherproof enclosure in an area accessible to supply vehicles but not in the vicinity of the stationary cryogenic liquid oxygen supply system. The connection to the pipeline distribution system shall be downstream of the supply shut-off valve inside the health care facility.Note: The emergency oxygen inlet is provided to facilitate an emergency temporary supply in the event of loss of the stationary cryogenic liquid oxygen supply system.

5.5.2 Sources

5.5.2.1Where stationary liquid supply systems are designed to permit the gas produced by normal evaporation to enter the piping system, the gas shall enter upstream of the line pressure regulators.

5.5.2.2If high-pressure cylinders are used as the secondary source, the installation shall comply with the requirements in Clause 5.3.2.

5.5.2.3Non-return valves, each with a source shut-off valve immediately downstream, shall be provided for each source as specified in Clause 5.2.1.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

5.5.3 Control equipment

5.5.3.1Control equipment shall function in such a way that when the content of the primary source fails or becomes exhausted, the secondary source automatically operates to supply the pipeline system.

5.5.3.2In addition to the alarms specified in Clause 5.2.5, the supply system shall have sensors to detect(a) low liquid level in the main vessel;(b) low liquid level or abnormal pressure (as specified by the manufacturer or supplier) in a secondary

source that uses a stationary liquid vessel; and(c) low pressure in a secondary source that uses high-pressure cylinders. The sensors shall detect when

the secondary source has been depleted to a point below 50% of its capacity or when the pressure of the secondary source has dropped below the value set by the manufacturer for safe and reliable use.

5.5.3.3An electrical junction box, with a labelled terminal strip for master alarm wire signal connections, shall be provided on the bulk pad.Note: The junction box is provided to ensure continuous alarm points during the repair or exchange of primary and secondary sources. This facilitates the connection of alarms that are part of a temporary system.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 17

5.6 Medical air supply systems

5.6.1 General

5.6.1.1A medical air supply system shall consist of(a) a high-pressure cylinder supply system as specified in Clause 5.3; or(b) an air compressor system as specified in Clause 5.6.3.

5.6.1.2Proportioning systems shall not be used to produce medical air at a health care facility.

5.6.1.3Medical air shall be used exclusively for patient care.Note: Use of medical air for other purposes can impose unforeseen demands on the system and affect the availability or quality of medical air. Examples of applications prohibited by Clause 5.6.1.3 are uses in (a) motor repair workshops; (b) reservoirs for pressurization of hydraulic fluids; (c) sterilizing systems; (d) articulating arms; (e) pneumatic columns; and (f) blowing-down or drying equipment. Such applications can increase service interruptions, reduce service life, and introduce contamination.

5.6.2 High-pressure cylinder supply systems for medical airA high-pressure cylinder supply system for medical air shall comply with the requirements in Clause 5.3.

5.6.3 Compressor-based supply systems for medical air

5.6.3.1 GeneralNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the medical air supply system requirements specified in Clauses 5.6.3.1.1 and 5.6.3.1.2.

5.6.3.1.1*A compressor-based supply system for medical air shall include at least(a) three compressors, except as specified in Clause 5.6.3.1.11;(b) one receiver; and(c) two drying and purification units.

Except for systems specified in Clause 5.6.3.1.11, the compressors shall be capable of supplying the system design flow of the pipeline distribution system with any two units out of service.

5.6.3.1.2A compressor-based supply system shall be equipped with a high-pressure cylinder reserve source complying with Clause 5.3.2.

5.6.3.1.3The health care facility shall obtain printed instructions from the manufacturer or installer for the maintenance and use of the compressor system. These shall be kept in a designated location where they are available for reference by service and repair personnel.

5.6.3.1.4Compressors used as a source for medical air shall be a type that is water-sealed, oil-free, or oil-less.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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5.6.3.1.5Compressors used as a source for medical air shall not introduce any lubricants, particulates, fumes, gases, or noxious material to the air stream in normal operation or under a single fault condition.

5.6.3.1.6The owner of the health care facility shall ensure that the product delivered by a compressor system used as a source of medical air meets the specifications for Air USP and that carbon monoxide (CO) does not exceed 5 mL/m3 and a dew point equivalent to at least –32 °C (–25.6°F) at 350 kPa (50 psi), as required by Clause 5.6.3.7.1. In areas where high levels of atmospheric CO are present (e.g., near a busy highway), health care facilities should consider installing a treatment system to remove CO from the compressed medical air supply.Notes: (1) The compressor system includes the compressor, its receiver(s), and its drying and purification units.(2) The intent of Clause 5.6.3.1.6 is to ensure the quality of the product entering the supply system. If this quality is

ensured, then it may be assumed that any contaminants found at the end of the supply system or the medical gas pipeline were introduced by the system or pipeline and can be remedied through attention to the system or pipeline.

5.6.3.1.7The medical air produced by a compressor supply system shall meet the requirements of CAN/CSA-Z180.1, with the exception of a dew point equivalent to at least –32 °C (–25.6°F) at 350 kPa (50 psi), as required by Clause 5.6.3.7.1.

5.6.3.1.8Replacement components in the medical air supply system shall be carefully selected to ensure continuing compliance with the specifications of this Standard.

5.6.3.1.9*A medical air supply system that uses compressors shall be equipped with a CO alarm system that(a) monitors the level of CO in the medical air;(b) indicates the level numerically in parts per million by volume (ppmv);(c) initiates an alarm if the level exceeds 5 ppmv; and(d) initiates an alarm and shutdown if the level exceeds 25 ppmv.

5.6.3.1.10The health care facility shall have written procedures for the response to a CO alarm. These procedures shall include an investigation of possible sources for the CO and remediation of the conditions that led to the high CO level.

5.6.3.1.11A medical air system may have two compressors if the facility requires a flow less than 570 L/min at 345 kPa (20 SCFM at 50 PSI).

5.6.3.2 Water-sealed compressorsWater-sealed compressors shall(a) use sealant water that is supplied from the potable water supply of the health care facility and is not

recirculated;(b) have an automatic water flow control device, sized for the compressor, to ensure that water meets

the compressor manufacturer’s specified pressure and flow;(c) initiate an alarm and shut down if the water pressure is below the critical level recommended by the

manufacturer;(d) initiate an alarm if the water in the receiver fills up 10% of the available volume below the outlet; and(e) initiate an alarm and shut down if the water in the receiver fills up 20% of the available volume below

the outlet.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 19

5.6.3.3 Oil-less and oil-free compressors

5.6.3.3.1Oil-less and oil-free compressors shall(a) be designed to have no oil in the compression chamber;(b) monitor and numerically display the discharge air temperature at each compression chamber outlet

port; and(c) initiate an alarm and shut down the compressor if any cylinder discharge temperature exceeds the

manufacturer’s recommended level.

5.6.3.3.2In addition to the requirements specified in Clause 5.6.3.3.1, oil-free compressors shall have(a) seals and atmospheric pressure chambers arranged to prevent oil from entering the compression

chamber; and(b) a sensor to indicate failure of the oil pump or oil cooling circuit.Note: The alarm settings should be determined based on manufacturer’s recommendations and risk management considerations.

5.6.3.4 Air compressor piping and control componentsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the medical air supply system requirements in Clauses 5.6.3.4.2 to 5.6.3.4.4.

5.6.3.4.1The piping and control components for each compressor shall include(a) intake filters;(b) a non-return valve on the outlet;(c) flexible inlet and outlet couplings;(d) inlet and outlet shut-off valves;(e) a pressure relief valve;(f) a condensate separator and drain;(g) an unloader valve; and(h) a means for removal of the compressor for service or replacement.

Piping and control components, including intake piping, shall have a corrosion resistance at least equivalent to that of brass and copper and shall have a rating consistent with the pressure and flow requirements of the system.

5.6.3.4.2The intake piping for a medical air compressor system shall comply with Clause 7 and be connected only to the medical air compressor system and not used for any other purpose. This piping shall be labelled and equipped with intake filters that are located inside the health care facility, close to the compressor, and that are accessible for servicing.

5.6.3.4.3The air source for the compressor shall be outdoor air and the intake shall be(a) at least 3 m (10 ft) from any door or operable window and 15 m (50 ft) from any exhaust, such as

vacuum pump discharge or sanitary vent exhaust;(b) at least 3 m (10 ft) above grade; and(c) in a location where it will not draw in contamination from exhaust systems (e.g., contamination from

furnaces, gasoline or diesel engines, vacuum systems, or scavenging systems).

5.6.3.4.4The intake opening shall be turned downward and screened. It shall be accessible to authorized personnel for cleaning, inspection, and servicing.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

20 August 2009

5.6.3.4.5Subject to the requirements of Clauses 5.6.3.4.3 and 5.6.3.4.4, the compressor intake itself may be(a) located outdoors (e.g., on an outside wall); or(b) in a location that is continuously supplied by outdoor air, with no intervening operable damper.Note: High velocity air can create a negative pressure. Care should be taken to ensure the supply of air is adequate for compressor performance.

5.6.3.4.6When choosing the location of the air source, consideration shall be given to the(a) potential effects of prevailing winds and possible sources of airborne contamination; and(b) potential for obstruction by accumulated snow.Note: Procedures should be in place to shut down the compressor in the event of airborne contamination from fire, smoke, chemical spill, etc.

5.6.3.4.7Piping downstream of the compressor shall be routed in such a way that it is not subjected to a temperature lower than 4 °C (40°F).

5.6.3.4.8For a water-sealed compressor, the compressor system piping shall direct the air through the receiver immediately downstream of each compressor.

5.6.3.4.9Piping and components shall be brass, copper, or stainless steel.

5.6.3.4.10A sample port shall be provided downstream of the dual line pressure regulator assembly and upstream of the supply shut-off valve.Note: The purpose of the sample port is to facilitate the collection of samples for analysis.

5.6.3.5 Control panels and alarm sensorsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the medical air supply system requirements specified in Clauses 5.6.3.5.2 to 5.6.3.5.5 and 5.6.3.5.7 to 5.6.3.5.10.

5.6.3.5.1*The compressor system shall be controlled by a central control panel connected to the emergency electrical power supply (see CSA Z32).

The control panel shall include(a) a door interlock electrical service(s) disconnect with lockout provision;(b) a door interlock disconnect ahead of each motor with lockout provision;(c) a motor overload protection device ahead of each motor;(d) at least two AC control transformers and/or DC power supplies complete with overcurrent protection;(e) a selector switch for each compressor unit for manual, off, and automatic modes; and(f) an indication of the accumulated running time for each compressor.

Alternate control components and methods may be used provided they offer the equivalent level of safety and redundancy. Evidence shall be provided by the manufacturer.

5.6.3.5.2The control panel shall have visible indicators of “system power on” and “compressor running” for each compressor unit.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 21

5.6.3.5.3The control system shall automatically operate the compressor units so that they supply the medical air system in turn or simultaneously on demand. The lag compressor unit shall automatically run if the lead compressor units are incapable of maintaining adequate supply.

5.6.3.5.4Control systems shall be designed so that the failure of one compressor unit does not affect the remaining units.

5.6.3.5.5Control systems shall be designed so that the failure of one control transformer does not affect the operation of the system.

5.6.3.5.6The medical air compressor system shall be able to start automatically when emergency power is stabilized and restart automatically when normal power is restored (see CSA Z32).

5.6.3.5.7The control panel shall include local audible and visual alarms with dry contacts for the following alarm conditions:(a) lag compressor in use;(b) primary control transformer failure;(c) high CO level; and(d) motor overload.Note: Alarms not required by this Standard but that are installed to protect equipment (e.g., alarms for water pump failure) may also be included on the control panel.

5.6.3.5.8The control panel for a water-sealed compressor system shall include, in addition to the alarms specified in Clause 5.6.3.5.7, local audible and visual alarms with dry contacts for the following alarm conditions:(a) low water pressure;(b) water in receiver; and(c) receiver flooded/shutdown.

5.6.3.5.9The control panel for an oil-less compressor system shall include, in addition to the alarms specified in Clause 5.6.3.5.7, local audible and visual alarms with dry contacts for high air discharge temperature/ shutdown.

5.6.3.5.10The control panel for an oil-free compressor system shall include, in addition to the alarms specified in Clause 5.6.3.5.7, local audible and visual alarms with dry contacts for the following conditions:(a) failure of the oil pump or oil cooling circuit; and(b) high air discharge temperature.

5.6.3.5.11Control panel operational alarms shall lock on and require a manual reset.

5.6.3.5.12The alarm system shall initiate an alarm if there is an open sensor circuit.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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5.6.3.6 ReceiversNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the medical air supply system requirements specified in Clause 5.6.3.6.2.

5.6.3.6.1Receivers shall be(a) sized in accordance with the requirements of the medical air compressor system and the calculated

system design flow;(b) made of steel and have corrosion resistance at least equivalent to that achieved by galvanizing inside

and out; and(c) in compliance with all the requirements for unfired pressure vessels specified in CSA B51.

5.6.3.6.2Receivers shall be equipped with the following to allow isolation of the receiver:(a) manual and automatic drain valves; (b) a pressure gauge; (c) a sight glass; (d) a pressure relief valve; and (e) shut-off valves.

5.6.3.6.3Receivers for water-sealed compressors shall be equipped with alarm sensors to meet the requirements of Clause 5.6.3.2, Items (d) and (e). Receivers shall not be bypassed.

5.6.3.7 Drying and purification unitsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the medical air supply system requirements specified in Clauses 5.6.3.7.4 to 5.6.3.7.6.

5.6.3.7.1*Drying and purification units shall dry air to a dew point equivalent to at least –32 °C (–25.6°F) at 350 kPa (50 psi). See Table D.4. Refrigerant dryers shall not be used.

5.6.3.7.2Drying units shall provide a numerical indication of the outlet dew point and initiate an alarm when the outlet dew point exceeds the manufacturer’s pre-set limit. Desiccant dryers shall have alarm sensors for tower switching failure.

5.6.3.7.3Drying and purification units shall be constructed in a way that allows the components to be maintained separately.

5.6.3.7.4A coalescing pre-filter with corrosion-resistant housing and an automatic drain valve shall be installed upstream of each dryer.

5.6.3.7.5*A particulate after-filter capable of removing at least 99.999% of 0.12 µm particles shall be installed downstream of each dryer.

5.6.3.7.6An activated carbon final filter shall be installed upstream of the line pressure regulators to remove volatile organic compounds and reduce odour to the levels specified in Table D.4.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

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August 2009 23

5.7 Medical vacuum systems

5.7.1 GeneralNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the medical vacuum system requirements specified in Clauses 5.7.1.1 and 5.7.2.2 to 5.7.2.4.

5.7.1.1A medical vacuum system shall include at least three vacuum pumps, unless it meets the criteria for exceptions specified in Clause 5.7.1.3.Note: The medical vacuum system may also be equipped with a receiver.

5.7.1.2*The medical vacuum system shall be capable of supplying the system design flow of the pipeline distribution system with any two vacuum pumps out of service unless it meets the criteria for exceptions specified in Clause 5.7.1.3.

5.7.1.3A medical vacuum system may have two vacuum pumps in facilities requiring a flow that is less than 570 L/min at 34 kPa absolute (20 SCFM at 20 in Hg).

5.7.1.4The health care facility shall obtain printed instructions for the maintenance and use of the medical vacuum system from the manufacturer or installer of the system. These shall be kept in a designated location where they are accessible for reference by service and repair personnel.

5.7.1.5Where a vacuum system is used for the disposal of anaesthetic gases, the disposal system shall comply with CAN/CSA-Z7396.2.

5.7.2 Vacuum pumpsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the medical vacuum system requirements specified in Clauses 5.7.2.2 to 5.7.2.4.

5.7.2.1 GeneralVacuum pumps shall be an oil-lubricated, oil-less, oil-free, or water-sealed type.

5.7.2.2 Oil-lubricatedAn oil-lubricated vacuum pump shall shut down and initiate an alarm if the temperature (as measured either in the oil or in the discharged air) exceeds the manufacturer’s recommended level.Note: Measures may also be taken to protect the pump by, for example, monitoring and numerically displaying the oil temperature, monitoring the oil level, or providing a low oil level alarm.

5.7.2.3 Oil-less clawAn oil-less claw-type vacuum pump shall shut down and initiate an alarm if the vacuum level or discharge temperature exceeds the recommended upper limit, if specified by the vacuum pump manufacturer.

5.7.2.4 Water-sealedA water-sealed vacuum pump shall shut down and initiate an alarm if(a) the liquid service water pressure is below the manufacturer’s recommended level; or(b) in a system with a recirculation rate greater than 50%, the liquid temperature exceeds the

manufacturer’s recommended upper limit.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

24 August 2009

5.7.3 Vacuum piping and control componentsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the medical vacuum system requirements specified in Clauses 5.7.3.1.4, 5.7.3.1.5, 5.7.3.2.2 to 5.7.3.2.6, and 5.7.3.2.9 to 5.7.3.2.11.

5.7.3.1 General

5.7.3.1.1The piping and control components for each vacuum pump shall include(a) a non-return valve on the outlet;(b) flexible inlet and outlet couplings;(c) inlet and outlet shut-off valves;(d) a bacterial filter;(e) exhaust piping; and(f) a means of removing the vacuum pump for service or replacement.

5.7.3.1.2Piping and control components shall have corrosion resistance at least equivalent to that of brass or copper and have a rating consistent with the pressure and flow requirements of the system. Exhaust piping from the vacuum pump to the outlet shall be made of non-flammable, corrosion-resistant materials.

5.7.3.1.3Piping for medical vacuum systems shall be routed in such a way that it is not subjected to a temperature lower than 4 °C (40°F).

5.7.3.1.4The exhaust piping for a medical vacuum system shall be connected only to the medical vacuum system and not used for any other purpose.

5.7.3.1.5The exhaust of the vacuum pump shall be located outdoors to avoid possible contamination of the intake systems (e.g., the medical air intake system). The exhaust shall be located at least 10 m (30 ft) from any door or operable window, 15 m (50 ft) from any mechanical air intake, and a minimum of 3 m (10 ft) above grade. The end of the exhaust shall be turned downward and screened.Note: Consideration should be given to the effects of prevailing winds or accumulated snow on the exhaust(s).

5.7.3.1.6The bacteria filter specified in Clause 5.7.3.1.1 shall be(a) capable of removing 99.999% of 0.12 µm particles in the vacuum air stream (i.e., ULPA efficiency);(b) equipped with a transparent sterilizable drainage trap;(c) marked with “bio-hazard”, together with a description of a safe procedure for changing the filters

and emptying the drainage trap; and(d) disposed of in accordance with the health care facility policy on the disposal of biohazardous waste.

5.7.3.2 Control panels and alarm sensors

5.7.3.2.1*The vacuum system shall be controlled by a central panel connected to the emergency electrical power supply (see CSA Z32).

The control panel shall include(a) a door interlock electrical service disconnect(s) with lockout provision;(b) a door interlock disconnect ahead of each motor with lockout provision;

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

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August 2009 25

(c) a motor overload protection device ahead of each motor;(d) at least two AC control transformers and/or DC power supplies complete with overcurrent protection;(e) a selector switch for each vacuum pump for manual, off, and automatic modes; and(f) an indication of the accumulated running time for each vacuum pump.

Alternative control components and methods may be used provided they offer the equivalent level of safety and redundancy. Evidence should be provided by the manufacturer.

5.7.3.2.2The control panel shall have a visible indicator of “power on” and “vacuum pump running” for each vacuum pump.

5.7.3.2.3The control panel for all vacuum pumps shall be equipped with local audible and visual alarms with dry contacts for the following alarm conditions:(a) lag pump in use;(b) primary control transformer failure; and(c) motor overload.Note: Alarms intended to protect equipment (e.g., alarms indicating pump failure) may also be included on the control panel.

5.7.3.2.4A control panel for an oil-lubricated vacuum pump shall include a numerical display and local audible and visual alarms with dry contacts for high discharge temperature, in addition to the alarms specified in Clause 5.7.3.2.3.Note: An alarm for low oil level may also be installed to protect the pump.

5.7.3.2.5A control panel for a water-sealed vacuum pump shall include, in addition to the alarms specified in Clause 5.7.3.2.3, local audible and visual alarms with dry contacts for the following alarm conditions:(a) low water pressure; and(b) in pumps with more than 50% recirculation of the cooling water, high water temperature.

5.7.3.2.6A control panel for an oil-less claw pump shall include, in addition to the alarms specified in Clause 5.7.3.2.3, a numerical display and local audible and visual alarm with dry contacts for high vacuum level and for high discharge temperature.

5.7.3.2.7The alarm system shall initiate an alarm if there is an open sensor circuit.

5.7.3.2.8Control panel alarms shall lock on and require a manual reset.

5.7.3.2.9The vacuum pumps shall automatically alternate to supply the medical vacuum system in turn. They shall also be able to act simultaneously on demand. The lag vacuum pump(s) shall automatically run should the lead pump(s) be incapable of maintaining adequate supply above 47 kPa absolute (16 in Hg).

5.7.3.2.10Control systems shall be designed so that failure of one pump does not affect the remaining units.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

26 August 2009

5.7.3.2.11Control systems shall be designed so that failure of one control transformer shall not affect the overall operation of the system.

5.7.3.2.12The medical vacuum system shall be able to start automatically when emergency power is stabilized and restart automatically when normal power is restored.Note: Restoration of power to vacuum pump supply systems should be given priority in a phased start protocol after an interruption of the electrical supply (see CSA Z32).

5.7.4 ReceiversNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the medical vacuum system requirements specified in Clause 5.7.4.2.

5.7.4.1If receivers are installed, they shall be(a) sized in accordance with the requirements of the vacuum pump system and the anticipated system

demand (i.e., system design flow);(b) made of steel and have corrosion resistance at least equivalent to that achieved by galvanizing inside

and out;(c) in compliance with all the requirements for unfired pressure vessels specified in CSA B51; and(d) equipped with a means for bypassing the receiver to allow repair and maintenance.

5.7.4.2Receivers, if installed, shall be equipped with a(a) manual drain valve; (b) vacuum gauge; (c) sight glass; and (d) shut-off valve.

5.8 Oxygen concentrator systems

5.8.1The owner of the health care facility shall ensure that the oxygen concentrator produces the drug Oxygen USP or Oxygen 93 percent USP.

5.8.2When an oxygen concentrator system is used as a supply system, the installation shall meet the requirements of CAN/CSA-Z305.6.

5.8.3The oxygen pipeline distribution system shall be installed and tested to the requirements of this Standard.

5.9 Instrument air supply systems

5.9.1 General

5.9.1.1Instrument air supply systems shall consist of(a) an air compressor system as specified in Clause 5.9.3; or(b) a high-pressure cylinder supply system as specified in Clause 5.3.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 27

5.9.1.2Proportioning systems shall not be used to produce instrument air at a health care facility.

5.9.1.3Instrument air shall not be used for patient care.Note: Use of instrument air includes non-patient applications, such as sterilizing systems, articulating arms, pneumatic columns, and blowing-down or drying equipment.

5.9.2 High-pressure cylinder supply systems for instrument airA high-pressure cylinder supply system for instrument air shall comply with the requirements in Clause 5.3.

5.9.3 Compressor-based supply systems for instrument air

5.9.3.1 GeneralNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the instrument air supply system requirements specified in Clauses 5.9.3.1.1 and 5.9.3.1.2.

5.9.3.1.1A compressor-based supply system for instrument air shall include at least(a) three compressors;(b) one receiver; and(c) two drying and purification units.

Except for systems specified in Clause 5.6.3.1.11, the compressors shall be capable of supplying the system design flow of the instrument air pipeline distribution system with any two units out of service. The system design flow shall be determined by the health care facility in consultation with its technical and clinical staff, consulting engineers, and instrument air equipment supplier.

5.9.3.1.2A compressor-based supply system for instrument air shall be equipped with a high-pressure cylinder reserve source complying with Clause 5.3.2.

5.9.3.1.3The health care facility shall obtain printed instructions from the manufacturer or installer for the maintenance and use of the compressor system. These shall be kept in a designated location where they are available for reference by service and repair personnel.

5.9.3.1.4Compressors used as a source for instrument air shall not introduce any lubricants, particulates, fumes, gases, or noxious material to the air stream in normal operation or under a single fault condition.

5.9.3.1.5The instrument air produced by a compressor supply system shall meet the requirements of CAN/CSA-Z180.1, with the exception of a dew point equivalent to at least –40 °C (–14°F) at 1250 kPa (180 psi) as required by Clause 5.9.3.5.1

5.9.3.1.6Replacement components in the instrument air supply system shall be carefully selected in order to ensure continuing compliance with the specifications of this Standard.

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5.9.3.2 Air compressor piping and control components

5.9.3.2.1The piping and control components for each compressor shall include(a) intake filters;(b) a non-return valve on the outlet;(c) flexible inlet and outlet couplings;(d) inlet and outlet shut-off valves;(e) a pressure relief valve;(f) a condensate separator and drain;(g) an unloader valve; and(h) a means for removal of the compressor for service or replacement.

Piping and control components, including intake piping, shall have a corrosion resistance at least equivalent to that of brass and copper and shall have a rating consistent with the pressure and flow requirements of the system.

5.9.3.2.2Piping downstream of the compressor shall be routed in such a way that it is not subjected to a temperature lower than 4 °C (40°F).

5.9.3.2.3Piping and components shall be brass, copper, or stainless steel.

5.9.3.2.4A sample port shall be provided downstream of the dual line pressure regulator assembly and upstream of the supply shut-off valve.Note: The purpose of the sample port is to facilitate the collection of samples for analysis

5.9.3.3 Control panels and alarm sensors

5.9.3.3.1The compressor system shall be controlled by a central control panel connected to the emergency electrical power supply (see CSA Z32).

The control panel shall include(a) a door interlock electrical service(s) disconnect with lockout provision;(b) a door interlock disconnect ahead of each motor with lockout provision;(c) a motor overload protection device ahead of each motor;(d) at least two AC control transformers and/or DC power supplies complete with overcurrent protection;(e) a selector switch for each compressor unit for manual, off, and automatic modes; and(f) an indication of the accumulated running time for each compressor.

Alternative control components and methods may be used provided they offer the equivalent level of safety and redundancy. Evidence should be provided by the manufacturer.

5.9.3.3.2The control panel shall have visible indicators of “system power on” and “compressor running” for each compressor unit.

5.9.3.3.3The control system shall automatically operate the compressor units so that they supply the instrument air system in turn or simultaneously on demand. The lag compressor unit shall automatically run if the lead compressor units are incapable of maintaining adequate supply.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

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August 2009 29

5.9.3.3.4Control systems shall be designed so that the failure of one compressor unit does not affect the remaining units.

5.9.3.3.5Control systems shall be designed so that the failure of one control transformer does not affect the operation of the system.

5.9.3.3.6The instrument air compressor system shall be able to start automatically when emergency power is stabilized and restart automatically when normal power is restored (see CSA Z32).

5.9.3.3.7The control panel shall include local audible and visual alarms with dry contacts for the following alarm conditions:(a) lag compressor in use;(b) primary control transformer failure; and(c) motor overload.

5.9.3.3.8Control panel operational alarms shall lock on and require a manual reset.

5.9.3.3.9The alarm system shall initiate an alarm if there is an open sensor circuit.

5.9.3.4 ReceiversNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the instrument air supply system requirements specified in Clause 5.9.3.4.2.

5.9.3.4.1Receivers shall be(a) sized in accordance with the requirements of the instrument air compressor system and the

calculated system design flow;(b) made of steel and have corrosion resistance at least equivalent to that achieved by galvanizing inside

and out; and(c) in compliance with all the requirements for unfired pressure vessels specified in CSA B51.

5.9.3.4.2Receivers shall be equipped with manual and automatic drain valves, a pressure gauge, a sight glass, a pressure relief valve, and shut-off valves to allow isolation of the receiver.

5.9.3.5 Drying and purification unitsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the instrument air supply system requirements specified in Clauses 5.9.3.5.4 to 5.9.3.5.6.

5.9.3.5.1Drying and purification units shall dry air to a dew point equivalent to at least –40 °C (–14°F) at 1250 kPa (180 psi).

5.9.3.5.2Drying units shall provide a numerical indication of the outlet dew point and initiate an alarm when the outlet dew point exceeds the manufacturer’s pre-set limit. Desiccant dryers shall have alarm sensors for tower switching failure.

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5.9.3.5.3Drying and purification units shall be constructed in a way that allows the components to be maintained separately.

5.9.3.5.4A coalescing pre-filter with corrosion-resistant housing and an automatic drain valve shall be installed upstream of each dryer.

5.9.3.5.5A particulate after-filter capable of removing at least 99.999% of 0.12 µm particles shall be installed downstream of each dryer.

5.9.3.5.6An activated carbon final filter shall be installed upstream of the line pressure regulators to remove volatile organic compounds and reduce odour to the levels specified in Table D.4.

5.10 Location of supply system components

5.10.1 GeneralNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the supply system requirements specified in Clauses 5.10.1.1 to 5.10.1.5 and 5.10.1.7.

5.10.1.1Supply systems shall be located in locked rooms or enclosures. Only authorized personnel shall have access to keys for these locations.Notes: (1) These locations should be provided with adequate illumination.(2) Local codes can require fire rating of such rooms or enclosures.

5.10.1.2Stationary liquid bulk systems shall be installed in (an) outdoor enclosure(s) on concrete foundation(s) or slab(s) that are on grade and that are independent of any other structure or building (see also NFPA 50). These installations shall comply with the requirements in Clause 5.10.2.1.

5.10.1.3Liquid oxygen supply systems or storage facilities of more than 570 m3 (20 000 ft3), including unconnected reserves on hand at the site, shall be located in accordance with applicable federal, provincial, and territorial regulations and codes and with Chapter 2 of NFPA 50. Rooftop locations shall not be used.

5.10.1.4Nitrous oxide supply systems or storage facilities of more than 1820 kg (4000 lb), including unconnected reserves on hand at the site, shall be located in accordance with applicable federal, provincial, and territorial regulations and codes and with CGA G-8.1.

5.10.1.5Supply systems for which the total connected capacity and reserves on hand are less than the quantities specified in Clause 5.10.1.3 or 5.10.1.4, as applicable, shall be enclosed in a dedicated room as specified in Clause 5.10.3.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

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August 2009 31

5.10.1.6Services containing combustible gases or liquids shall not be in the same room or enclosure as medical gas supply systems.

5.10.1.7Smoking shall be prohibited in medical gas supply system room locations. A “no smoking” sign shall be posted immediately outside each medical gas supply system room.

5.10.2 Outdoor enclosuresNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the supply system requirements specified in Clause 5.10.2.1.

5.10.2.1Outdoor enclosures for medical gas supply systems shall(a) where constituted of fences, walls, or similar constructions, have a minimum height of 1.8 m (6 ft)

above grade surrounding the enclosure;(b) be located at least 5 m (16 ft) from electrical utility services and any transformers that are not part of

the source unit; and(c) not be located within 8 m (26 ft) of storage tanks containing flammable gas or locations where

flammable gases can be discharged (i.e., from a relief valve).Note: Open drains should not be located within 5 m (16 ft) of such enclosures.

5.10.2.2Outdoor enclosures for medical gas supply systems shall comply with local building codes.

5.10.3 RoomsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the supply system requirements specified in Clauses 5.10.3.1.2, 5.10.3.1.3, 5.10.3.1.5, 5.10.3.1.6, 5.10.3.2.1, and 5.10.3.3.1.

5.10.3.1 General

5.10.3.1.1The outside walls of rooms for cylinder supply systems shall be built of materials having a fire rating of at least 1 h.

5.10.3.1.2Doors to the room shall open outwards and personnel shall be able to open the doors from the inside without a key. The doors shall not communicate directly with anaesthetizing locations or with storage locations for flammable anaesthetic agents.

5.10.3.1.3Electrical wall fixtures in rooms for supply systems shall be positioned at least 1.5 m (5 ft) above the floor to avoid physical damage.Note: See also CSA C22.1.

5.10.3.1.4The ambient temperature in rooms for supply systems shall not exceed 40 °C (104°F) for any gas and shall not be less than 15 °C (60°F) for nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide.Note: Enclosures located near sources of heat, such as furnaces, incinerators, or boiler rooms, should be provided with a means to prevent excessive temperature buildup.

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5.10.3.1.5If heating is required in the rooms for supply systems, indirect low temperature heating devices shall be used. The heating devices shall be located so that contact with gas cylinders is not possible.

5.10.3.1.6Rooms or enclosures for supply systems other than vacuum pumps or compressors shall not be used for any purpose other than for the placement and storage of cylinders containing the non-flammable medical gases that are to be distributed through the pipelines, except that empty cylinders disconnected from the supply system may be stored in such locations pending their removal.

5.10.3.1.7A separate storage area should be provided for empty cylinders. If such an area is not provided, then empty cylinders in the supply system room or enclosure shall be clearly marked as empty and kept separate from full cylinders.

5.10.3.2 Ventilation

5.10.3.2.1Depending on the total connected capacity of the system, ventilation for supply systems that use cylinders shall be provided as specified in Clause 5.10.3.2.2 or 5.10.3.2.3. Vents shall be located near the floor. Mechanical venting systems, if used, shall be constructed with explosion-proof motors.Note: Mechanical venting of supply system rooms, with the room exhaust drawn from floor level, is preferred.

5.10.3.2.2Rooms containing supply systems with a total connected capacity for all gases equal to or greater than 85 m3 (3000 ft3) shall be mechanically vented to the outside and shall have an audible and visible alarm for ventilation failure.

5.10.3.2.3Supply systems with a total connected capacity for all gases less than 85 m3 (3000 ft3) may be enclosed in a room not vented to the outside, provided that the room has venting with a total free area of at least 465 cm2 (72 in2).

5.10.3.3 Mechanical supply systems

5.10.3.3.1Medical vacuum pumps, medical air compressors, and instrument air compressors shall be(a) installed in a well-ventilated and clean location with ample drain facilities;(b) accessible for servicing;(c) bolted to a suitable mounting; and(d) located in a mechanical room separate from other gas supply systems.Note: See Clause 5.10.3.1.4 for temperature requirements.

5.10.3.3.2Care shall be taken to maintain separation between mechanical supply systems and oxygen or nitrous oxide manifolds.

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August 2009 33

6 Monitoring and alarm systems

6.1 General

6.1.1Systems shall be in place to monitor supply systems and main pipeline pressures and to initiate an alarm at the master alarm panel(s) if abnormal conditions occur. These systems shall comply with the requirements in Clause 6.2.Note: Tables 5 and 6 provide detailed lists of alarm requirements for specific supply systems.

6.1.2Systems shall be in place to monitor local pipeline pressures and to initiate an alarm at a local emergency alarm panel if abnormal conditions occur. These systems shall comply with Clause 6.3.

6.2 Monitoring and alarm systems for supply systems and main pipeline pressures

6.2.1 GeneralNote: See Annex C for test protocols for the monitoring and alarm system requirements specified in Clauses 6.2.1.1 and 6.2.1.5.

6.2.1.1Master alarm panels shall monitor all supply systems and main pipeline pressures and shall respond to alarm conditions with both auditory alarm signals and visual alarm indicators.

6.2.1.2Sensing devices for supply system alarms shall be included within each supply system (other than vacuum) as specified in Clause 5.2.5.1. In addition, sensing devices shall be included as specified in Clause 5.5.3.2 for stationary liquid supply systems and in Clauses 5.6.3.5.7 to 5.6.3.5.12 for medical air compressor systems.

6.2.1.3Supply systems for vacuum shall be equipped with an alarm sensor to detect low vacuum in the pipeline distribution system.

6.2.1.4Sensing devices for main pipeline abnormal pressure alarms shall be located immediately downstream of the supply shut-off valve for each supply system.

6.2.1.5A pressure-sensing device shall not be isolated (e.g., by a manually operated shut-off valve) from the system or pipeline to which it is connected. A pressure-sensing device shall be connected with a diameter index safety system (DISS) connector that has a demand check valve.Note: Connection points should have sufficient space around them to allow for flexing of sensor leads to avoid damage during connection and disconnection.

6.2.1.6The location of each sensor shall be recorded in a system diagram and this record shall be retained by the health care facility for as long as the system is in place.

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6.2.2 Supply system alarmsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the monitoring and alarm system requirements specified in Clauses 6.2.2.1 to 6.2.2.8.

6.2.2.1The master alarm panel shall have auditory and visual alarms to indicate the following conditions:(a) a secondary source is in use or a changeover has occurred;(b) in systems with a reserve, the system has reached the condition where the reserve is activated

(reserve in use); or(c) a malfunction in a mechanical supply system, as specified in Clauses 6.2.2.4 and 6.2.2.6 to 6.2.2.8,

has occurred.

6.2.2.2If the supply system has a reserve, the master alarm panel shall have auditory and visual alarms to indicate the following conditions:(a) for all simplex high-pressure cylinder reserve sources except for nitrous oxide, when the reserve

system is reduced to one-half of its original stored capacity; or(b) for duplex high-pressure cylinder reserve sources except for nitrous oxide, when the secondary

cylinder or bank comes into use.

6.2.2.3For a stationary liquid supply (bulk) system, the master alarm panel shall have auditory and visual alarms to indicate the following conditions:(a) the liquid level in the primary cryogenic vessel has fallen below the minimum defined by health care

facility management in consultation with the gas supplier;(b) the liquid level in the reserve cryogenic vessel has fallen below the minimum defined by health care

facility management in consultation with the gas supplier; or(c) the head pressure in a primary or reserve cryogenic vessel is above or below the level established by

the supplier.

6.2.2.4For a mechanical supply system (compressor or vacuum), the master alarm panel shall have auditory and visual alarms to indicate the following conditions:(a) a lag condition in a compressor-based supply system (i.e., the pressure in the system has decreased to

a level below the pre-set lower limit and all units have been activated to bring the pressure back within operational parameters);

(b) a lag condition in a medical vacuum supply system (i.e., the system vacuum has decreased to the point where the absolute pressure has risen above the pre-set upper limit for the system and all vacuum pumps have been activated to bring the system back within operational parameters);

(c) the water supply pressure for a compressor or vacuum pump that requires water has fallen below the manufacturer’s recommended level; or

(d) an electrical or mechanical failure or malfunction (as defined by the manufacturer).Notes: (1) In the operation of any alternating mechanical system, a demand for air or vacuum exceeding the normal pumping

capacity causes the controls to activate idle unit(s). If the demand is such that all units are running in an effort to bring the system back within operational parameters, a “lag” condition exists and this is indicated by the lag alarm. The failure of a unit to operate as intended due to an electrical or mechanical fault causes the controls to initiate the appropriate “failure” sensor(s) and activate idle units (thus triggering the lag alarm as well).

(2) It is sometimes preferable to provide individual functions on a master alarm panel for motive power units, but it is acceptable to connect the individual “malfunction/failure” functions to a common indicator (e.g., compressor malfunction/failure).

(3) Initiation of an alarm when these events occur ensures that excessive demands for air or vacuum are not overlooked and are investigated before an emergency alarm pressure is reached. It can also alert personnel to the presence of disabled or electrically disconnected units.

(4) Table 6 provides a reference for the application of alarms to a range of medical air compressor systems.

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August 2009 35

6.2.2.5The lag and failure alarms shall(a) lock on and require a manual resetting at the source; and(b) continue to visually indicate the alarm condition until the situation is rectified.

6.2.2.6For a compressor supply system, the master alarm panel shall have auditory and visual alarms to indicate(a) an increase in water content (i.e., dew point) of medical air above the level specified in

Clause 5.6.3.7.1;(b) an increase in water content (i.e., dew point) of instrument air above the level specified in

Clause 5.9.3.5.1; and(c) for all except water-sealed rotary compressors, an increase in discharge air temperature above the

level recommended by the manufacturer.

6.2.2.7For water-sealed rotary medical air compressors, the master alarm panel shall have auditory and visual alarms to indicate that(a) water is in the receiver; and(b) the receiver has flooded/shut down.

6.2.2.8For desiccant dryers, the master alarm panel shall have auditory and visual alarms for switching failure.

6.2.3 Main pipeline pressure alarmsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for the monitoring and alarm system requirements specified in Clauses 6.2.3.1 to 6.2.3.3.

6.2.3.1The master alarm panel shall have auditory and visual alarms to indicate(a) high pressure in the pipeline distribution system; and(b) low pressure in the pipeline distribution system.

These alarms shall not be combined.

6.2.3.2Alarm sensors on the main pipelines for medical gases shall be activated when the pressure varies by not more than ± 20% of the nominal pipeline pressure.

6.2.3.3For vacuum systems, low vacuum alarms shall operate for readings of 60 kPa absolute or higher (12 in Hg or lower).Note: A vacuum reading of 40 kPa (gauge) is equivalent to 61 kPa absolute.

6.2.4 Master alarm panelsNote: See Annex C for testing protocols for monitoring and alarm system requirements specified in Clauses 6.2.4.1.1 to 6.2.4.1.4, 6.2.4.2.1 to 6.2.4.2.3, 6.2.4.3.1, 6.2.4.3.2, 6.2.4.3.4, 6.2.4.3.5, 6.2.4.4.1, 6.2.4.4.2, 6.2.4.5.1, and 6.2.4.5.2.

6.2.4.1 General

6.2.4.1.1Master alarm panels shall(a) have a visual “power on” indicator for each module;(b) be equipped with both auditory alarm signals and visual alarm indicators; and

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(c) continuously monitor or supervise each alarm sensor circuit and initiate an alarm in the event of an open or faulty circuit.

6.2.4.1.2Master alarm panels shall be provided with means for the routine testing of the auditory alarm signals, the visual alarm indicators, and the activation mechanism for each alarm.Note: Test methods and information on the recommended frequency of testing should be obtained from the alarm manufacturer.

6.2.4.1.3Master alarm panels shall be on dedicated circuit breakers and shall be connected to the emergency electrical power system. If more than one master alarm panel is provided, the system shall be arranged so that a failure of one shall not affect the correct functioning of the other(s). See CSA Z32.

6.2.4.1.4The master alarm panel(s) and the alarm sensors connected to it shall operate independently of all other alarm systems in the facility, including computer-controlled alarm systems.Note: A medical master gas alarm system may be connected to a computer-controlled monitoring system for the purpose of relaying the alarm, provided that the mechanisms for sensing and indicating alarm conditions as specified in this Standard are independent and upstream of the monitoring system.

6.2.4.2 Auditory signals

6.2.4.2.1An auditory alarm signal shall produce, at a distance of 2 m (6.5 ft), a sound level not less than 90 dBA.

Evidence of this performance shall be provided by the manufacturer.

6.2.4.2.2Auditory alarm signals shall require manual silencing. The silencing of an auditory alarm signal for one alarm condition shall not render the panel incapable of signalling in the event of a subsequent, different alarm condition.

6.2.4.2.3If means are provided to allow temporary prolonged silencing of the auditory alarm signal (e.g., for resolution of an alarm condition), such means shall be accessible to the technical staff only.

6.2.4.3 Visual indicators

6.2.4.3.1Each visual indicator shall be marked to identify its function. This identification shall include the name of the system or gas it monitors, as well as the condition that is being monitored.

6.2.4.3.2Normal conditions shall be indicated with a green indicator and abnormal operational conditions shall be indicated with a red indicator.

6.2.4.3.3Yellow indicators may be used to indicate system changes or conditions that are significant but do not require immediate action.Note: For example, yellow indicators may be used for a manifold changeover or to provide an indication of low pressure in the main pipeline.

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6.2.4.3.4Visual alarm indicators shall automatically clear and revert to green once an alarm condition has been corrected.

6.2.4.3.5Displays for unused indicators shall be turned off or they shall be covered with a label indicating that the signal is not in use. Under no circumstances shall an unused indicator display either a normal or abnormal condition.Note: Visual alarm signals that indicate either a normal or abnormal condition without being connected to an alarm sensor can lead to labelling errors and to missed or misinterpreted signals.

6.2.4.4 Pressure gauges and indicators

6.2.4.4.1Pressure gauges or indicators installed in master alarm panels to monitor pipeline pressures shall be marked to identify the gas service. They shall show the deviation in pressure from the nominal distribution pressure range.

6.2.4.4.2It shall be possible to perceive pressure gauges and indicators correctly and to distinguish them from one another under the following conditions:(a) the operator has a visual acuity of 1 (corrected if necessary);(b) the viewpoint is at a distance of 4 m (12 ft) and at any point within the base of a cone subtended by

an angle of 30° to the axis normal to the centre of the plane of display of the visual indication; and(c) the ambient lighting throughout the range is 100 lx to 1500 lx.

Evidence of this performance shall be provided by the manufacturer.

6.2.4.5 Location

6.2.4.5.1Master alarm panels shall be under continuous responsible surveillance.

6.2.4.5.2Master alarm panels shall be clearly audible and visible in the area or room where the alarm is located.

6.2.4.5.3Subject to Clauses 6.2.4.5.1 and 6.2.4.5.2, the locations of master alarm panels shall be determined by the hospital management, using the risk management procedures provided in CAN/CSA-Z1000.

6.3 Monitoring and alarm systems for local pipeline pressures

6.3.1 GeneralNote: See Annex D for the testing protocols for the monitoring and alarm system requirements specified in Clauses 6.3.1.1 to 6.3.1.5 and 6.3.1.7.

6.3.1.1Local emergency alarm systems shall monitor the pipeline pressure downstream of each zone valve and continuously display the pressure of each gas or vacuum service.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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6.3.1.2The local emergency alarm panel shall respond with auditory alarm signals and visual alarm indicators when(a) the pressure in a compressed gas pipeline varies by not more than ± 20% of nominal pipeline

pressure; or(b) the pressure in a vacuum pipeline becomes higher than 60 kPa absolute (i.e., the vacuum is lower

than 12 in Hg).Note: A vacuum reading of 40 kPa (gauge) is equivalent to 61 kPa absolute.

6.3.1.3Local emergency alarm systems shall(a) have sensors connected to the pipeline with DISS fittings and there shall be no manual valve between

the sensor and the pipeline;(b) be connected to the emergency electrical power system (see CSA Z32); and(c) be on a dedicated circuit breaker.

6.3.1.4If a remote extension to the alarm panel is provided, it shall be arranged so that a failure in the remote alarm circuit will not affect the correct functioning of the local emergency alarm system.

6.3.1.5Local emergency alarm panels using remote sensors shall be permanently marked with the location of each sensor.

6.3.1.6Records shall be made listing the location of each sensor and these records shall be retained by the health care facility for as long as the system is in place.

6.3.1.7The local emergency alarm sensors and the local emergency alarm panels shall operate independently of all other alarm systems in the facility, including computer-controlled alarm systems.Note: A medical gas alarm system may be connected to a computer-controlled monitoring system for the purpose of relaying the alarm, provided that the mechanisms for sensing and indicating alarm conditions as specified in this Standard are independent and upstream of the monitoring system.

6.3.2 Local emergency alarm panelsNote: See Annex D for testing protocols for the monitoring and alarm system requirements specified in Clauses 6.3.2.1.1 to 6.3.2.1.3, 6.3.2.2.1 to 6.3.2.2.3, 6.3.2.3.1 to 6.3.2.3.5, 6.3.2.4.1, and 6.3.2.4.2.

6.3.2.1 General

6.3.2.1.1Local emergency alarm panels shall be(a) located in an area of responsible surveillance (e.g., a nurse’s station);(b) clearly audible throughout the area of surveillance;(c) clearly visible in the area or room where the alarm is located; and(d) identified to indicate the gas and condition being monitored, and the physical area covered by the

part of the pipeline being monitored.

6.3.2.1.2Local emergency alarm panels shall(a) have a visual “power on” indicator for each module;

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

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August 2009 39

(b) be equipped with both auditory alarm signals and visual alarm indicators; and(c) continuously monitor or supervise each alarm sensor circuit and initiate an alarm in the event of an

open or faulty circuit.

6.3.2.1.3Local emergency alarm panels shall be provided with the means of routine testing of the auditory and visual alarms and of the activating mechanism for each alarm.Note: Test methods and information on the recommended frequency of testing should be obtained from the alarm manufacturer.

6.3.2.2 Auditory signals

6.3.2.2.1An auditory alarm signal shall produce, at a distance of 2 m (6.5 ft), a sound level not less than 90 dBA.

Evidence of this performance shall be provided by the manufacturer.

6.3.2.2.2Auditory alarm signals shall require manual silencing and the silencing of an auditory alarm signal for one alarm condition shall not render the panel incapable of signalling in the event of a subsequent, different alarm condition.

6.3.2.2.3If means are provided to allow temporary prolonged silencing of the auditory alarm signal (e.g., for resolution of an alarm condition), such means shall be accessible to the technical staff only.

6.3.2.3 Visual indicators

6.3.2.3.1Each visual indicator shall be marked to identify its function. This identification shall include the name of the system or gas it monitors, as well as the condition that is being monitored.

6.3.2.3.2Normal conditions shall be indicated with a green indicator and abnormal operational conditions shall be indicated with a red indicator.

6.3.2.3.3Yellow indicators may be used to indicate system changes or conditions that are significant but do not require immediate action.Note: On local emergency alarm panels, it is sometimes appropriate to indicate the approach to an abnormal pressure condition with yellow lights.

6.3.2.3.4Visual alarm indicators shall automatically clear and revert to green once an alarm condition has been corrected.

6.3.2.3.5Displays for unused indicators shall be turned off or they shall be covered with a label indicating that the signal is not in use. Under no circumstances shall an unused indicator display either a normal or an abnormal condition.Note: Visual alarm signals that indicate either a normal or abnormal condition without being connected to an alarm sensor can lead to labelling errors and to missed or misinterpreted signals.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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6.3.2.4 Pressure gauges and indicators

6.3.2.4.1Pressure gauges or indicators installed in local emergency alarm panels shall be marked to identify the gas service. They shall show the deviation in pressure from the nominal distribution pressure range.

6.3.2.4.2It shall be possible to perceive pressure gauges and indicators correctly and to distinguish them from one another under the following conditions:(a) the operator has a visual acuity of 1 (corrected if necessary);(b) the viewpoint is at a distance of 4 m (12 ft) and at any point within the base of a cone subtended by

an angle of 30° to the axis normal to the centre of the plane of display of the visual indication; and(c) the ambient lighting throughout the range is 100 lx to 1500 lx.

Evidence of this performance shall be provided by the manufacturer.

7 Pipeline distribution system

7.1 Materials

7.1.1Pipelines that supply compressed medical gases or vacuum systems shall be constructed of seamless Type K or L copper tubing complying with ASTM B819 except as permitted in Clause 7.5. Piping shall be marked as being intended for medical use.

Pipeline for vacuum exhaust may be made of other materials, provided that they comply with the performance requirements of this Standard.

7.1.2Copper tubing shall be hard temper for all locations except underground installations. In underground installations, soft temper may be used to reduce the number of inaccessible joints.Note: Offsets and long sweep cold bending without deformation or reduction in the pipe diameter are permitted.

7.1.3If lubricants are used, they shall be compatible with oxygen at the operating conditions specified by the manufacturer.Note: The lubricant manufacturer’s specifications should be consulted.

7.1.4All components of the pipeline distribution system that are likely to come into contact with medical gas shall be supplied clean and free from oil, grease, and particulate material.

7.1.5Prior to and during installation, all components of the pipeline distribution system that are likely to come into contact with the medical gas shall be protected from contamination.

7.1.6All regulators in the medical gas pipeline system shall be compatible with the intended gas service.

7.1.7Analogue pressure gauges in the medical gas pipeline system shall be capable of indicating normal operating pressures in the middle one-third of the scale.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

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August 2009 41

Electrically operated (e.g., digital) pressure gauges shall be connected to the emergency electrical system (see CSA Z32).

7.1.8Pressure relief valves used in the pipeline distribution system shall conform to the requirements of Clause 5.2.4.

7.1.9The nominal distribution pressure shall be within the applicable range specified in Table 2.

7.1.10The manufacturer shall disclose, upon request, evidence of the corrosion resistance of the materials used for pipes and fittings.Note: Corrosion resistance includes resistance against the influence of moisture and the surrounding materials.

7.1.11The manufacturer shall disclose, upon request, evidence of the compatibility of the materials used for components of the medical gas pipeline system with the medical gas that comes into contact with those components under the operating conditions specified by the manufacturer.Note: Determining compatibility with oxygen involves consideration of combustibility and ease of ignition. Materials that burn in air will burn violently in pure oxygen. Many materials that do not burn in air will burn in pure oxygen, particularly under pressure. Similarly, materials that can be ignited in air require less energy to ignite in oxygen. Many such materials can be ignited by friction at a valve seat or by adiabatic compression produced when oxygen at high pressure is rapidly introduced into a system initially at low pressure.

7.1.12All components of a pipeline system, including but not limited to containers, valves, valve seats, lubricants, fittings, and gaskets, for use with oxygen, nitrous oxide, and other medical gases containing more than 23.5% oxygen shall be compatible with oxygen under conditions of containment and use.

7.2 Sizes

7.2.1The minimum pipe size used shall be 12.5 mm (1/2 in nominal trade size) diameter for gases and 19 mm (3/4 in nominal trade size) diameter for vacuum, except as provided in Clause 11.5.3.4. Smaller pipe sizes may be used for connections to sensing equipment, provided that these sizes are consistent with the operating requirements of the sensing equipment.

7.2.2Pipelines and fittings, including line pressure regulators, connecting assemblies, and low-pressure flexible hose assemblies, shall be capable of passing the maximum design flow of the pipeline distribution system at a nominal operating pressure within the ranges given in Table 2 and the pressure change shall remain within the limits given in Table 4.Note: Annex E provides general guidelines for pipe sizes, flows, and pressure drops.

7.2.3The health care facility shall determine its oxygen, nitrous oxide, and medical air flow requirements in consultation with technical and clinical staff, experts such as consulting engineers, and equipment suppliers. Table 3 provides guidance in determining the minimum flow requirements in health care facilities with more than one terminal unit.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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7.3 Fittings

7.3.1Fittings used for connecting copper pipe shall be(a) constructed from wrought copper, brass, or bronze;(b) made especially for soldered or brazed connections (except as permitted by Clause 7.3.2); and(c) suitable for the maximum pipeline pressure that can be encountered in the construction, testing, and

service of the system.

7.3.2The following fittings may be used in lieu of brazed copper joints:(a) For pipe sizes 12.5 mm (1/2 in) or less, fittings that are not made especially for soldered or brazed

connections may be used, provided that the fitting as installed is visible in the room or is readily accessible for maintenance.

(b) Dielectric fittings may be used where required by the manufacturer of special medical equipment to electrically isolate the equipment from the pipeline distribution system.

(c) Axially swaged, elastic strain preload fittings providing metal-to-metal seal may be used provided that the fittings have pressure and temperature ratings not less than that of a brazed joint and, when complete, are permanent and non-separable.

7.3.3Where provision is made for future extension of existing medical gas systems, the pipes shall be valved and fitted with brazed caps.

7.4 Joints

7.4.1All joints in the piping shall be made with silver brazing alloy conforming to AWS Classification BCuP-5 in conformance with AWS A5.8/A5.8M, with the following exceptions:(a) fittings that meet the criteria of Clause 7.3.2;(b) connections at valves;(c) connections to equipment that requires threaded connectors; and(d) connections within a stationary liquid supply system.

For copper-to-copper connections, a flux shall not be used. In silver brazing of dissimilar metals, only a product conforming to AWS brazing flux No. 3A shall be permitted. Particular care shall be exercised in applying flux to ensure that it will not penetrate to the inside of the pipe. Where such a product is used, the outside of the tube and fittings shall be washed with hot water after brazing to remove residual flux.

7.4.2Threaded joints shall be installed using a sealing compound that is suitable for the gas being transmitted.Note: The use of threaded joints in medical gas piping systems should be minimized.

7.4.3During the brazing of pipe connections, and where safe when performing final connections and emergency repairs, the interior of the pipe shall be maintained with a nitrogen atmosphere. This shall be done by purging the pipe a sufficient number of times to remove all air and oxygen and by maintaining a small purge flow to prevent the re-entry of air or oxygen.Note: The presence of oxygen within the pipe during brazing will cause oxidation of the inside of the pipe at the joint. The oxide formed can be released as a particulate matter and can cause problems for the life of the piping system.

7.4.4If pipe extensions/pigtails are brazed to equipment or fittings (valves, terminal units, etc.) or if brazed piping forms part of a source unit, the brazed joints shall be purged as specified in Clause 7.4.3.

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7.4.5All piping, assemblies, valves, and fittings shall be(a) cleaned using methods specified in CGA G-4.1, visually inspected, and capped or sealed to prevent

contamination; and(b) labelled, on the part or package, by the manufacturer (e.g., “This equipment is cleaned in accordance

with Oxygen Cleaning Specification No. _____” or “Clean for Medical Gas Service”).If a package is damaged in such a way that the contents could be contaminated by dirt, grease, or other

foreign matter, the contents shall not be used.

7.4.6Tools used in cutting or reaming shall be kept free from oil or grease.

7.5 Flexible connections

7.5.1A flexible connecting assembly may be used in a pipeline if it is necessary to isolate a source of vibration or to accommodate building movement or the relative movements of pipelines. These flexible connecting assemblies shall be in a location where they are accessible only to authorized personnel. If the assembly is not normally replaced during its lifetime, it should be permanently brazed.

7.5.2The flexible component shall be tested as part of the main pipeline in accordance with Clause 12.

7.5.3If a flexible connecting assembly is regularly removed for maintenance, it shall be gas specific and comply with CAN/CSA-Z5359.Note: Low-pressure hose assemblies in medical supply units are addressed in Clause 9.3.

7.5.4If a flexible connecting assembly that is not gas specific is removed, the test specified in Clause D.5 shall be carried out following its replacement. This does not apply to flexible connections on medical air compressors or medical vacuum pumps.

7.6 Outlet pointsNote: See Annex D for testing protocols for the pipeline distribution system requirements specified in Clauses 7.6.1 and 7.6.2.

7.6.1Every outlet of a pipeline distribution system shall be either a terminal unit that is brazed to the pipeline with no flexible hose intervening or a medical supply unit junction point as described in Clause 7.6.2 (see Figure 1).

7.6.2The junction point of a medical supply unit shall be designed and manufactured for either a permanent connection (e.g., by brazing or welding) or a removable, gas-specific DISS connection to the medical supply unit. All connections shall comply with the requirements of this Standard. See CAN/CSA-Z305.8 for requirements for medical supply units.

7.6.3*If the junction point is intended for a removable, gas-specific connection (i.e., a low-pressure flexible hose assembly in a medical supply unit), a gas-specific DISS body adaptor shall be used to connect the assembly to the pipeline.

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Means shall be provided to isolate each gas service from the pipeline, to permit the service and repair of each medical supply unit. Multiple hose assemblies may be supplied from one point of isolation.Notes: (1) Zone valves should not be used as service isolation valves.(2) See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

8 Shut-off valvesNote: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

8.1 GeneralNote: See Annex D for testing protocols for the shut-off valve requirements specified in Clauses 8.1.3 and 8.1.4.

8.1.1All shut-off valves in a medical gas pipeline distribution system, except those in terminal units or as specified in Clause 8.1.2, shall be ball-type valves that require not more than one-quarter turn of the operating handle to move from closed to open. Shut-off valves shall be accessible for servicing.Notes: (1) This requirement does not apply to bulk tanks, as they are not part of the pipeline distribution system.(2) Ball valves should always be opened slowly.

8.1.2Shut-off valves in vacuum system piping 63.5 mm (2-1/2 in nominal trade size) or greater may be of the butterfly type.

8.1.3There shall be a supply shut-off valve between each supply system and its pipeline distribution system. These valves shall be located inside the health care facility, in the pipeline as close as possible to the supply system and where they are accessible to facility personnel.

8.1.4For supply systems located outside the facility, there shall be a service isolation valve, secured in the open position, within the enclosure.

8.2 Service isolation valvesNote: See Annex D for testing protocols for the service isolation valve requirements in Clauses 8.2.1 to 8.2.5.

8.2.1Each branch of a pipeline distribution system shall have a service isolation valve. These valves should only be used by technical staff and should not be accessible to unauthorized persons.

8.2.2There shall be at least one service isolation valve separating the pipeline distribution system from any zone valve. The first service isolation valve upstream of the zone valve shall be on the same floor as the zone valve.

8.2.3Branches from a main or a riser shall be on the floor they are intended to serve. A branch pipeline from a main line or riser shall not have a branch to another floor installed in series.

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August 2009 45

8.2.4*All shut-off valves other than zone valves shall be supplied with handles that can be secured in the open or closed position. Once the medical gas system is operational, all shut-off valves other than zone valves shall be secured with the handle in an open position.

8.2.5All service isolation valves shall be(a) accessible only to authorized personnel;(b) identified with the service name and colour (see Table 7);(c) identified with an indication of their purpose or the area or section of pipeline that they serve; and(d) identified with an indication of whether the valve is normally open or normally closed.

This identification shall be secured to the shut-off valve or service pipeline and be readily visible at the valve site.

8.2.6Records shall be made listing the rooms or areas controlled by each shut-off valve. These records shall be kept up to date as changes are made to the system and retained for as long as the system is in place.

8.2.7*Where service isolation valves are located between zone valves and terminal units for maintenance purposes, the service isolation valves shall be secured in the open position.

8.3 Zone valvesNote: See Annex D for testing protocols for the zone valve requirements specified in Clauses 8.3.1 to 8.3.13.

8.3.1A zone valve shall be installed to control all of the terminal units in a specified zone. There shall be a zone valve between any terminal unit or group of terminal units and the upstream service isolation valve that controls them.

8.3.2A zone valve shall be on the same floor as the terminal unit(s) it controls. Zone valves shall not be installed in series.

8.3.3Zone valves shall be located in each gas pipeline serving(a) a special care area (e.g., critical care or intensive care areas); and(b) an independently defined area or group of rooms (e.g., a ward or an emergency room complex).

8.3.4Zone valves shall be installed immediately outside each anaesthetizing location. The health care facility shall determine whether a room is an anaesthetizing location based on the definition in Clause 3.

8.3.5In addition to the requirements of Clauses 8.3.3 and 8.3.4, zone valves shall also be installed in other gas pipelines where independent control is required, as determined by the facility administration using the risk management procedures provided in CAN/CSA-Z1000.

8.3.6Zone valves shall be placed in locations where they can be seen and accessed (i.e., where they are not hidden or obstructed by nearby fixtures, such as doors and shelving, or normally stored objects).

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8.3.7*No zone valve shall be linearly closer than 2 m (6.5 ft) to any terminal unit.

8.3.8Zone valves shall be(a) readily operable by a person standing on the floor;(b) fitted with a gauge in the purge port downstream of the valve; and(c) marked with an arrow showing the direction of the gas.

8.3.9All zone valves shall be enclosed in service boxes. These boxes shall have covers or doors that can be secured in the closed position but that will allow quick access in case of emergency.Note: These valves are accessible and are used to isolate areas within health care facilities for maintenance purposes and in case of emergency. Their operation, in the latter case, should be included as part of the emergency disaster plan.

8.3.10Service boxes shall be(a) within normal hand height and accessible at all times;

Note: Suggested minimum height to the centre of the service box is 1.4 m (5 ft).(b) designed to prevent accumulation of gas; and(c) permanently labelled in accordance with Clause 10.4.

8.3.11Service boxes shall be designed so that the shut-off valve handle prevents the closure of the box door or replacement of the cover when a valve is in the “off” position.

8.3.12Service boxes shall be large enough to permit the manual operation of the shut-off valves.

In service boxes with multiple shut-off valves, the valves shall be arranged in such a way that operation of one valve will not interfere with the proper operation of any other valve installed in the same service box.

8.3.13If a service box is not within or in view of the control location, the local area alarm shall be within the control location.

8.4 Local gas regulation control panels

8.4.1Where the nominal distribution pressure is greater than 350 kPa (50 psi), local gas regulation control panels shall be permanently installed downstream of zone valves to control gas pressure to a terminal unit or a group of terminal units. These panels shall not require a pressure relief valve downstream of the regulator.

8.4.2A local gas regulation control panel shall have(a) an inlet shut-off valve;(b) a manual pressure-adjusting handle or knob; and(c) an outlet pressure gauge.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

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August 2009 47

9 Terminal units and medical supply units

9.1Terminal units shall comply with CAN/CSA-Z9170-1.

9.2Medical supply units shall comply with CAN/CSA-Z305.8.

9.3If a low-pressure flexible hose assembly in a medical supply unit is readily accessible to the operator or regularly removed for maintenance, the hose assembly shall be gas specific and shall comply with CAN/CSA-Z5359. See Annex F for guidance on terminal unit distribution.

9.4Terminal units installed in MRI suites shall be MRI compatible.

10 MarkingNote: See Annex D for testing protocols for the zone valve requirements specified in Clause 10.4.

10.1All pipelines shall have a permanent label bearing the name of the gas.

10.2Each pipeline shall bear a label at intervals of 6 m (20 ft) before and after barriers, at each valve, and behind access doors and inlet and outlet points. The label shall(a) be lettered and coloured in accordance with Table 7;(b) have lettering at least 9 mm (3/8 in) high;(c) arrows for direction of flow(s);(d) be applied with the lettering parallel to the axis of the pipe;(e) be of sufficient width to overlap itself when applied; and(f) have an adhesive that keeps it in position when applied.

10.3Labels shall be placed on the piping, including all intakes, exhausts, and vents, as each is installed.

10.4Service boxes shall be permanently labelled with a caution statement identifying the area of control, either on the box or the wall adjacent to the box.Note: Suggested wording is “CAUTION: __________________ (name of medical gas) VALVE. DO NOT CLOSE EXCEPT IN EMERGENCY. THIS VALVE CONTROLS ______________________ (name of medical gas) SUPPLY TO __________________ (location)”.Equivalent French wording is “ATTENTION: ROBINET À (OU AU) ____________________ (nom du gaz médical). NE PAS FERMER, SAUF EN CAS D’URGENCE. CE ROBINET COMMANDE L’APPROVISIONNEMENT EN _________________________ (nom du gaz médical) _______________________ DE (emplacement)”.

10.5Bulk supply units shall be product labelled to indicate the name of the gas at the outlet. The pipeline shall be labelled at the point of connection to the medical gas pipeline distribution system.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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11 Pipeline installation

11.1 General

11.1.1Pipeline distribution systems supplying medical gases listed in Clause 1.3(a) shall be connected only to terminal units or medical supply units intended for patient care.

11.1.2Pipeline distribution systems supplying the gases listed in Clause 1.3(b) shall be connected only to terminal units or medical supply units intended to supply pneumatic power for devices unrelated to human respiration, such as surgical tools or articulating arms.

11.1.3Pipeline distribution systems supplying medical vacuum shall be connected only to terminal units or medical supply units intended for patient care.

11.1.4*No two medical gas pipelines designated for different gases shall be interconnected.

11.1.5Pipelines for medical gases shall not be used as a grounding electrode.

11.1.6In locations where the pipeline can come into contact with corrosive materials, an impermeable non-metallic material shall be applied to the outer surface of the pipe and fittings to protect the pipeline.

11.1.7Joints shall be permanently marked so as to be traceable to the individual installer.

11.2 Location

11.2.1Pipelines and electrical services shall either be run in separated compartments or, if in the same compartment, separated by at least 50 mm (2 in).

11.2.2Pipelines in corridors and other exposed locations shall be protected from physical damage (e.g., from the movement of portable equipment, such as trolleys, stretchers, and trucks).

11.2.3Unprotected pipelines shall not be installed in hazardous areas (e.g., in areas where flammable materials are stored). Where installation of pipelines in such a location is unavoidable, the pipeline shall be protected by an enclosure that will prevent the release of medical gas within the room if leaks occur.Note: Users should ensure they are familiar with provincial/territorial and local building code requirements and fire regulations. Where this Standard conflicts with applicable legislation, it is assumed that the legislation applies.

11.2.4Pipelines shall not be installed in elevator shafts.

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August 2009 49

11.2.5A shut-off valve shall not be installed where a leak is likely to cause an accumulation of gas.

11.2.6Terminal units shall be located or protected so as to avoid physical damage to the shut-off valve and attached auxiliary or control equipment.Note: The operation and connection to a terminal unit should not be restricted by adjacent terminal units, walls, cupboards, shelves, etc. A distance of 1.5 m (4.8 ft) above the floor is recommended for wall-mounted terminal units.

11.2.7Where medical gas pipelines are installed in pipe shafts with other services, they shall be suitably protected against physical damage, excessive temperatures, etc. See Clause 5.6.3.4.7 regarding piping for medical air and Clause 5.7.3.1.3 regarding piping for vacuum.

If pipelines are placed in the same tunnel, trench, or duct with fuel pipelines, steam lines, or other services, they shall be a minimum of 50 mm (2 in) apart.

Ducts in which pipelines are installed shall be ventilated.

11.2.8Buried pipelines shall be placed below the frost line in a free-draining, non-corrosive backfill. Measures (i.e., permanent signage, physical barriers, or both) shall be taken to protect the pipeline from accidental digging or other damage. A medical gas pipeline shall not be placed in a tunnel, trench, or duct where it can be exposed to oil.Note: Protection can be increased by running buried pipelines through an outside plastic pipe and by burying marking tape 15 mm (3/4 in) beneath the surface along the path of the pipeline.

11.2.9Openings for pipelines installed in concealed spaces shall be fire-stopped, using construction with a fire resistance equal to or greater than the original construction.

11.3 Pipeline support

11.3.1Medical gas piping shall be supported with pre-manufactured pipe hooks or metal pipe hangers suitable for the size of pipe and shall be of such strength and quality that piping cannot be moved accidentally from the installed position.Note: For example, pre-manufactured pipe clamps secured to trapeze hangers are acceptable.

11.3.2Piping supports shall be made of corrosion-resistant material or shall be treated to prevent corrosion. Means shall be provided to prevent electrolytic corrosion.

11.3.3Piping supports shall be spaced as specified in Table 8.

11.3.4Medical gas piping shall not support, or be supported by, other piping or conduit systems.

11.3.5Where pipelines cross electric cables, the pipelines shall be supported adjacent to the cables.

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11.4 Installer qualifications and responsibilities

11.4.1 Installer qualifications

11.4.1.1*Buildings, repairs, or additions to a pipeline distribution system in a health care facility shall be performed by qualified installers†. Installers shall also provide documented evidence of their ability to silver braze with nitrogen backing without using flux in accordance with Clause 4.5 of CSA B51.†An example of qualifications could include licenses in such trades as plumbing, pipe fitting, or steam fitting.

11.4.1.2Installers and other trades people working on the medical gas system shall be qualified by training and experience to work with medical gas systems and components and installers shall have documented proof that they have been trained in the requirements, particularly the installation requirements, of this Standard.

Health care facilities should request documentation of relevant training and experience and should have a policy outlining the steps to be taken when this documentation is unavailable or unsatisfactory.Note: Applicable provincial regulations and codes (e.g., pressure vessel codes, building codes) can contain additional requirements regarding installer qualifications.

11.4.1.3Installers shall have a quality assurance program in accordance with the requirements of CSA B51 and shall be trained in quality control procedures.

11.4.2 Installer methods and cautionsInstallers who are building, repairing, or adding to a pipeline distribution system in a health care facility shall(a) use methods that minimize heat transfer during brazing of connections to valves, terminal units,

alarms, etc., to avoid damaging heat-sensitive components;Note: For large valves with short pipe stubs, it can be necessary to remove heat-sensitive components to protect them during brazing and fabrication.

(b) exercise care to prevent contaminating products that have been cleaned for use in medical gas service (e.g., by not opening packages until ready for use); and

(c) inspect all pipe and components to confirm the absence of visible oil and particulate matter before installation.

11.4.3 Verification by installers

11.4.3.1During the installation of a new system or the extension or modification of an existing system, the installer shall verify each day that installed components are labelled in accordance with Clause 10.

11.4.3.2During installation, a selected number of joints shall be inspected internally for soundness and for evidence of oxidation in accordance with the installer’s quality assurance program. Where evidence of oxidation exists, checks shall be made of the fittings immediately upstream and downstream, plus three more fittings selected at random.

The same inspection shall be carried out for modifications, additions, and repairs, with the exception of minor repairs as specified in Clause 11.5.1.

Evidence of failure shall result in remedial action.Note: This inspection can require cutting out joints.

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August 2009 51

11.4.3.3The health care facility or its agent shall select the sites for the internal inspection described in Clause 11.4.3.2 and shall witness the inspection.

11.4.3.4After the installation of terminal units but before the walls are closed in, the installer shall(a) perform a leak test as described in Clause B.2.1;(b) perform a 24 h standing pressure test as described in Clause B.2.2;(c) purge the terminal units as described in Clause B.2.3; and(d) perform cross-connection tests in accordance with Clause B.3.

If the system fails any of these tests, the failure condition shall be investigated and corrected and the system shall then be retested.Note: Some terminal unit manufacturers provide special test plugs that allow pressure tests to be done before the terminal units are completely assembled. This Clause assumes that the terminal units have been installed.

11.4.3.5All mechanical connections (e.g., for pressure and vacuum gauges and for alarm sensors) made after the standing pressure test shall be tested by the installer for leaks at line pressure before the compliance testing specified in Annexes C and D.

11.5 Repairs, additions, and modifications to existing pipeline systems

11.5.1 General

11.5.1.1Whenever a repair, addition, or modification is made to a piping system already in use, a test for contaminants in medical gases shall be made in accordance with Clause D.6.4 unless the repair work has been confirmed to be minor by an accredited testing agency and has been performed by competent persons in conformance with the requirements of this Standard.Notes: (1) The exception for minor repairs is based on the principle that cleanliness can be maintained in a smaller project since it

can more easily be supervised.(2) If it is determined under this Clause that a test for contaminants is necessary, the administration of the health care

facility may, after consultation with the installer/repairer and the accredited testing agency, elect to have the system returned to use pending receipt of the test data.

11.5.1.2After the completion of any operation involving the cutting or brazing, or both, of a medical gas piping system and before the system is used again for patient care, the section of the piping system directly affected by the operation shall be tested by an accredited testing agency, as follows:(a) If the operation was a repair, the section directly affected by the operation shall meet the

requirements of the same edition of this Standard or of CAN/CSA-Z305.1 that it met prior to the repair.

(b) If the operation was an addition or modification, the affected portion of the system shall be commissioned and tested in accordance with Clause 12 of this Standard.

11.5.2 RepairsWhere an emergency is deemed to exist in the medical gas piping system by the health care facility administration, temporary repairs may be done. These repairs, however, shall be subject to subsequent inspection by an accredited testing agency.

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11.5.3 Additions and modifications

11.5.3.1Where additions or modifications are made to an existing system, a design review shall be undertaken to determine the adequacy of the supply system and the affected pipeline distribution system to supply any increases in demand. The medical gas pipeline shall not be extended unless there is sufficient flow capacity in the existing system to meet the requirements of the extended system.

11.5.3.2When a source is replaced, altered, or modified, the source, its operating and emergency alarms, and the supply shut-off valves shall be inspected according to, and brought into conformance with, the requirements of this Standard.

11.5.3.3Where additions or modifications are made to any zone within a pipeline distribution system in a health care facility, all components for all medical gases in the zone, including the valves that serve the zone, shall conform to the requirements of this Standard.

11.5.3.4For existing installations that include 12.5 mm (1/2 in nominal trade size) lines for vacuum service, the inaccessible portion of pipe in the wall may be used without replacement, provided that the system meets the flow requirements of this Standard with the new terminal unit in place (see Clause D.6.5).

11.5.3.5When an addition or modification is to be made downstream of existing service isolation valves or zone valves, the existing pipelines downstream of the appropriate shut-off valves shall be cut and temporarily capped. The caps shall remain in place until the new pipelines have been successfully pressure tested and the final connections are ready to be made.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

11.5.3.6The final connections of the medical gas system extensions shall be undertaken on only one system at a time to minimize the risk of cross-connection. All other systems shall remain under normal operating pressure.Note: Careful consideration should be given to the locations of the final connections to minimize access problems during installation and testing.

11.5.3.7Where modification kits for terminal units are to be installed without the cutting and/or brazing of the existing medical gas piping system, the terminal unit shall be tested by an accredited testing agency and shall meet the gas concentration and flow requirements of Clauses D.5.2 and D.6.5.Note: Users should ensure they are familiar with applicable legislation regarding the installation of modification kits without the cutting and/or brazing of the existing medical gas piping system. Where this Standard conflicts with applicable legislation, it is assumed that the legislation applies.

11.5.3.8When a medical gas piping system or any part of such a system is permanently decommissioned, the affected system or part shall be cut and capped at the point of decommissioning and all associated shut-off valves, terminal units, gauges, alarms, and unburied pipeline shall be removed.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

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August 2009 53

12 Commissioning and testing

12.1 General

12.1.1The medical gas pipeline system shall be commissioned after construction, as specified in Clauses 12.2 and 12.3.

12.1.2The completed and commissioned system shall then be tested as specified in Annexes C and D by an accredited testing agency to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this Standard for construction, safety aspects, gas specificity, and system cleanliness. The system shall not be used until compliance has been demonstrated.

12.1.3Before any testing is carried out, every terminal unit in a system under test shall be labelled to indicate that the system is under test and that it shall not be used.

12.1.4The resolution of all pressure measuring devices used in testing shall be no more than 5% of the specified value to be measured.

12.2 Commissioning of supply systems

12.2.1Prior to inspection and testing by an accredited testing agency, the manufacturer or installer of a new or substantially modified supply system shall conduct the installation tests specified in Annex B.

12.2.2The health care facility shall obtain documented evidence from the manufacturer or installer that the operational requirements of the supply system have been met.

12.3 Commissioning of medical gas pipeline systems

12.3.1Prior to closing in a new medical gas system or a new section of an existing system, the installer or project engineer for a new or substantially modified supply system shall conduct the installation requirements specified in Clauses 11.4.3.2 to 11.4.3.5 and Annex B. The health care facility shall obtain documented evidence from the installer that these requirements have been met.

12.3.2The installed medical gas system shall be inspected to ensure that it complies with the design specification. The inspection report shall be signed by the installer and the project engineer.

12.4 Compliance testing

12.4.1Prior to compliance testing, the system(s) or part(s) to be tested shall be complete and ready for owner acceptance (i.e., supply equipment in place, all components of the pipeline distribution system in place and powered, walls closed, and system gas ready to use).

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An accredited testing agency and a representative of the installer shall conduct a visual inspection of all features of the systems to be tested. Cut outs might be required by the accredited testing agency.Note: This inspection can identify potential problems and help ensure that both parties have a mutual understanding of the intended scope of the testing.

12.4.2An accredited testing agency shall conduct final testing prior to use to demonstrate that the supply system, or pipeline system, or both, complies with this Standard. The accredited testing agency shall provide a written report to the health care facility.

12.4.3Testing by an accredited testing agency shall be performed in accordance with Clause 12.6 and with the applicable clauses of Annexes C and D that apply to the part(s) of the system being tested. Compliance with Clause 13.1.2 shall be confirmed. The system shall not be used until the tested systems are in compliance.

12.5 Health care facility responsibilities

12.5.1Before using a new supply system or a supply system that has undergone major repairs, additions, or modifications, the health care facility shall obtain documented evidence from the manufacturer or the installer that the supply system has been commissioned in accordance with Clause 12.2.

12.5.2Before using a new pipeline or a pipeline that has undergone major repairs, additions, or modifications, the health care facility shall obtain documented evidence from the manufacturer or the installer that the pipeline system has been commissioned in accordance with Clause 12.3.

12.5.3The health care facility shall maintain in its permanent records the results of the commissioning tests, showing details of the services and areas tested.

12.5.4Before using a new or substantially modified supply system or pipeline distribution system or an addition or renovation to an existing system, the health care facility shall retain an accredited testing agency to inspect and test the system in accordance with the requirements in Annex C or D, as applicable.Note: The health care facility contracts with the accredited testing agency to avoid potential conflict of interest.

12.5.5The health care facility shall obtain documented evidence from the accredited testing agency that the system is in compliance with this Standard, as determined by the tests in Annex C or D, as applicable. The inspection shall be witnessed by the installer and a health care facility representative.

12.5.6The health care facility shall retain the test report from the accredited testing agency according to its policies for document retention.

12.5.7The health care facility shall store in a secure location the original copies of all materials obtained in accordance with Clause 13, as well as any additional manuals, instructions, “as built” drawings, and routine test procedures for the medical gas system. Copies of these materials shall be stored in a location where they can be referred to by staff on duty at any time the medical gas system is in use.

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August 2009 55

12.6 Accredited testing agency responsibilities

12.6.1 GeneralFollowing the installation of a new supply system or pipeline distribution system and before its use for patient care, the accredited testing agency shall test the new system in accordance with Annexes C and D. These tests shall be witnessed by the installer and a representative of the health care facility.Note: If an accredited testing agency observes a variance from this Standard that can affect the safety of the medical gas piping system that is not covered by the tests specified in Annexes C and D, the variance should be noted in writing for the health care facility.

12.6.2 New systems and total replacementsFor a new or replaced supply system or source, or a new pipeline distribution system, an accredited testing agency shall perform the necessary tests to provide the health care facility with confirmation of the following, as applicable:(a) that the supply system or source conforms to the certification requirements of this Standard as

demonstrated by the tests specified in Annex C; and(b) that the pipeline distribution system has been installed and conforms to the certification requirements

of this Standard as demonstrated by the tests specified in Annex D.

12.6.3 Additions and modifications

12.6.3.1 Supply systems

12.6.3.1.1Following additions and modifications to sources or to supply systems, the accredited testing agency shall perform the tests from Clauses C.2 and C.3 that are relevant to the element altered or added and shall test for the proper operation under normal and emergency conditions of each of the functions affected by the element altered or added. In addition, tests from Annex D relevant to the elements altered or added shall be performed.

12.6.3.1.2If the modification has involved the opening of the piping, the test for contamination, as specified in Clause D.6.4, shall be performed, except in the case of minor repairs as specified in Clause 11.5.1.1.

12.6.3.1.3Supply systems shall not be used until the health care facility has obtained written confirmation from the accredited testing agency that the added or altered components of the supply system conform to the applicable tests outlined in Clauses 12.6.3.1.1 and 12.6.3.1.2.

12.6.3.2 Pipeline distribution systems

12.6.3.2.1Following additions and modifications to pipeline distribution systems, the health care facility shall have an accredited testing agency perform the tests specified in Annex D.

12.6.3.2.2Pipeline distribution systems shall not be used until the health care facility has obtained written confirmation from an accredited testing agency that the added or altered components of the distribution system conform to the requirements of this Standard as demonstrated by the tests specified in Annex D.

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12.6.3.3 Demonstration of complianceIf a pipeline distribution system or the tested portion of a system is found to be in non-compliance with this Standard as demonstrated by the tests specified in Annex D, the system shall not be used until the variance is remedied, except as provided in Clause 12.6.3.4.

12.6.3.4 Approval of completed portionsWhere a portion of an addition or modification is intended to be placed in service prior to completion of the entire project, an accredited testing agency may approve the completed portion separately, provided that the completed portion meets the requirements of this Standard.Notes: (1) For example, a source unit within a supply system (complete with alarms and a source shut-off valve) or a zone

(complete with the required alarms, zone valves, and terminal units) may be considered a complete portion.(2) In Canada, accreditation is done by Standards Council of Canada.(3) See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

12.7 Test reports and records

12.7.1The test report shall include(a) identification and description of the project;(b) a statement of the test requirements for

(i) new systems, as specified in Clause 12.6.2; or(ii) additions or modifications to existing systems, as specified in Clause 12.6.3;

(c) dated test results, including the names of persons conducting and witnessing the tests;(d) laboratory reports from the accredited testing laboratory for any contamination tests or gas identity

tests performed;(e) the statement of conformity as demonstrated by the tests that were performed; and(f) a statement confirming the presence of “as built” drawings, as specified in Clause 13.1.

12.7.2The accredited testing agency shall maintain documentation to show that all of the test requirements for which it has responsibility have been met.

13 Information to be supplied by the installer

13.1 “As built” drawings

13.1.1The health care facility shall ensure, in conjunction with contractors and consultants, that design drawings or CAD files are kept up to date.

13.1.2A set of prints or CAD files of the mechanical and electrical drawings prepared for the construction or modification of the medical gas systems, showing the pipe sizes, wiring sizes, and the locations of mechanical and electrical works, shall be maintained on site during construction and shall be marked to show any changes or variations from the original drawings as construction proceeds. The drawings shall show the location of all concealed or buried piping and wiring. These marked drawings shall be called “as built” drawings and, upon completion of construction, shall become part of the permanent records of the health care facility.

Cryogenic liquid and high-pressure cylinder systems belonging to a supplier rather than to the health care facility are exempted from the requirements of this Clause.

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13.1.3A complete set of reproducible “as built” drawings in print or CAD format shall be prepared by the installer and marked “as built”. This set of drawings and one set of prints of this reproducible set shall be presented to the health care facility for inclusion in its permanent records.

If a pipeline system is altered subsequent to the transfer of the “as built” drawings to the health care facility, the facility shall arrange to have the “as built” reproducible drawings changed to show the location and extent of the modifications.Note: If a pipeline system is altered subsequent to the transfer of the drawings to the health care facility, the “as built” drawings specified in Clause 13.1.2 should be brought up to date.

13.1.4When the original medical gas piping system of a health care facility has been enlarged to a substantial extent, the “as built” drawings specified in Clause 13.1.2 shall be supplemented by a master drawing that correlates all the additions and modifications with the original installation.

13.1.5The health care facility shall retain a copy of the certificates provided by the installer(s), manufacturer(s), and the accredited testing agency as evidence of qualification.Note: Users should be aware of any applicable certificates that might be required by jurisdictional authorities.

13.2 Instruction manuals

13.2.1The installer shall provide to the owner instructions for use of the(a) supply systems;(b) monitoring and alarm systems;(c) medical supply units;(d) terminal units; and(e) local gas regulation control panels.

The installer shall also provide the owner with a written warning of the danger of fire or explosion due to the use of oil and grease with oxygen supply and pipeline systems.

13.2.2An operation and service manual shall be included with each medical air compressor system. The manual shall include a maintenance schedule with information on (a) factory settings; (b) test procedures; (c) lubrication; (d) servicing; (e) filter replacement; and (f) mechanical seal replacements.

13.2.3An operation and service manual shall be included with each medical vacuum system. The manual shall include a maintenance schedule with information on (a) factory settings; (b) test procedures; (c) lubrication; (d) servicing; (e) filter replacement; and (f) mechanical seal replacements.

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13.2.4The manufacturer shall provide instructions for non-destructive, non-invasive procedures for the testing of alarms for which there is no button or other means of easy activation.

13.3 Maintenance schedulesThe installer shall provide the health care facility with instructions for recommended maintenance tasks and their frequency and a list of recommended spare parts.

14 Special requirements for small, non-hospital-based medical gas pipeline systems (see Clause 4.4)

14.1 Application of this clause

14.1.1Clause 14 outlines deviations from the requirements of this Standard and shall only apply to systems that fall within the definition of a small, non-hospital-based medical gas pipeline system.Note: Such systems include those installed to provide analgesia in dentist offices, birthing centres, free-standing diagnostic imaging offices, etc. The intention of this Clause is to address systems serving occupancies where interruption of the medical gas would terminate procedures but would not place patients at risk of morbidity or mortality.

14.1.2Non-hospital-based piping systems shall be installed in accordance with the requirements in this Standard, unless the requirement is specifically excepted in Clause 14.Note: See Figure 13 for a schematic example demonstrating a possible arrangement of components required by this Standard.

14.1.3Clause 14 does not apply to systems that(a) are used in general anaesthesia;(b) exceed 10 terminal units for any particular gas; or(c) exceed 2 high pressure compressed gas cylinders per gas.

14.2 SourcesNote: Dental suction and dental air (commonly used with dental chairs) are not considered medical gases and therefore do not apply.

14.2.1An alternative source of oxygen shall be readily available for use in the event of a failure of the oxygen piping system.

14.2.2Medical air and medical vacuum systems for small, non-hospital-based medical gas pipeline systems shall comply with Clauses 5.6 and 5.7.

14.3 Control equipment

14.3.1 General

14.3.1.1Dual line pressure regulators shall not be required.Note: The regulator delivery pressure gauge may serve as the line pressure gauge.

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August 2009 59

14.3.1.2Pressure regulators shall comply with CAN/CSA-Z10524.

14.3.1.3Pressure relief valves shall meet the requirements of this Standard. High-pressure relief valves shall be vented to the outside, as required by Clause 5.2.4.5, if the piping system is supplied by more than two high-pressure cylinders of any one of the non-flammable medical gases. If the requirements for the enclosures specified in Clause 5.10.2 have been met, pressure relief valves for systems with a capacity for no more than two cylinders of each gas shall not be required to be vented to the outside.Notes: (1) The need for venting relief valves is determined by considering

(a) the volume of gas connected to the manifold;(b) the volume of the enclosure;(c) the hazardous nature of the gas; and(d) the venting of the enclosure.

(2) See CSA Z305.12.

14.3.1.4Systems containing two or less high pressure cylinders shall not be required to have an automatic switching device.

14.3.2 Shut-off valves

14.3.2.1Where only one high pressure cylinder is attached to the piping system, the cylinder valve shall be considered to be the supply shut-off valve. In this case, the valve shall not require labelling.

14.3.2.2A set of zone valves shall be provided for each suite of rooms used for the treatment of patients or clients. The rooms in this suite shall belong to a single controlled-access area on the same level of the building and shall be used for related purposes.

Multi-level facilities shall have at least one service isolation valve and one zone valve for each level.Note: See Figure 14 for terminology for pipelines and valves.

14.3.3 Alarms

14.3.3.1A local emergency alarm panel meeting the requirements of Clause 6.3 shall be installed downstream of the supply cylinders and upstream of the zone valves for a suite of rooms. Where the pipelines supply two floors, or suites separated by hallways on one floor, there shall be an alarm panel for each floor or suite.

14.3.3.2If more than one zone valve per gas is installed in a single suite, as defined in Clause 14.3.2.2, the local emergency alarm may be located upstream of those zone valves.

14.3.3.3Alarms shall be enabled when the system is turned on. Alarms shall be connected to the building’s emergency power source if it is available for this purpose (see CSA Z32).

14.3.3.4A master alarm panel shall be installed if medical vacuum and medical air (via a compressor system) are installed.

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14.4 Medical gas piping system

14.4.1High-pressure flexible hoses used in the source shall(a) be gas specific, suitable for the service pressure to which they are subjected, and compatible with the

gas conveyed;(b) not exceed 1.5 m (5 ft) in length; and(c) not penetrate walls, floors, ceilings, or partitions.

14.4.2Low-pressure hose assemblies, if used, shall meet the requirements of Clause 14.4.1, as well as those specified in CAN/CSA-Z5359.

14.5 Pipeline distribution systems

14.5.1The minimum pipe size used for all pressure gases shall be 12.5 mm (1/2 in nominal trade size). The minimum pipe size used for medical vacuum shall be 19 mm (3/4 in nominal trade size).

14.5.2Pipe in the distribution system shall be seamless Type K or L copper, in accordance with ASTM B819.

14.6 Medical gas terminal unitsMedical gas terminal units shall supply only the intended medical gas, conforming to the requirements inCAN/CSA-Z9170-1, and shall be installed as outlined in Clause 11 of this Standard.

14.7 TestingNon-hospital-based medical gas piping systems shall be commissioned and tested in accordance with Clause 12. The time requirement for the standing pressure test specified in Clause B.2.2 shall be a minimum of 6 h.

15 Maintenance and ongoing verification

15.1 General

15.1.1Clause 15 specifies minimum requirements for testing, inspecting, maintaining, and recording the condition and performance of a medical gas piping system, with the objective of ensuring that the system continues to conform to the requirements of this Standard and to function reliably.

15.1.2The administrator of the health care facility shall develop a maintenance program based on Clause 15.2 and in accordance with the equipment manufacturer’s recommendations.

15.1.3The maintenance program shall be documented and records retained for the life of the system and in accordance with the health care facility’s policies.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 61

15.1.4All defective components shall be replaced or repaired immediately where possible. If the repair or replacement cannot be performed immediately, an evaluation shall be made as to whether or not the component may continue to be used or is to be isolated. Alternate procedures and added precautions might be necessary during this period.

If the repair or replacement of a defective component cannot be performed immediately, the component shall be tagged and contain the following information:(a) date;(b) problem;(c) limitations on use; and(d) name/signature of the person performing the inspection.

15.2 Detailed requirements

15.2.1 Sources

15.2.1.1Sources (whether liquid systems or gas systems, or a combination of both) shall be checked every 6 months to determine that there is smooth transfer from(a) the primary source to the secondary source;(b) the secondary source to the reserve source; and(c) the primary source to the reserve source, if applicable.Note: For any source of supply under the supplier’s control, this task should be performed by the gas supplier.

15.2.1.2Supply systems shall be inspected and tested every 6 months as follows:(a) for external leaks;(b) for proper security;(c) pressure regulators for creep of no more than 10% of the static settings or as per manufacturer’s

specification;(d) non-return valves for cylinder connections for proper closure;(e) cylinder extension leads for proper flexibility, metal fatigue, and thread damage to the cylinder

connection; and(f) manifold shut-off valves for external leaks and proper closure.

All components shall be replaced in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations.Note: Users should ensure they are familiar with applicable legislation regarding replacement of components. Where this Standard conflicts with applicable legislation, it is assumed that the legislation applies.

15.2.1.3*Compressor systems for medical air and instrument air, as well as medical vacuum systems and drying and purification units, shall be inspected, maintained, and documented according to the manufacturer’s instructions at the recommended intervals. Failure to meet the manufacturer’s specifications might require a risk assessment to determine if equipment is to remain in use. Medical air produced by a compressor supply system shall be analyzed for compliance with the requirements of Table 2 of CAN/CSA-Z180.1 and the dew point requirement of Clause 5.6.3.7.1 of this Standard.

Instrument air produced by a compressor supply system shall be analyzed for compliance with the requirements of Table 2 of CAN/CSA-Z180.1 and the dew point requirement of Clause 5.9.3.5.1 of this Standard.

Failure of any sample shall require immediate remedial attention. The gas composition/contaminant test for medical air shall be conducted in accordance with Table D.4 every 6 months.

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15.2.2 Control equipment

15.2.2.1*Control equipment shall be inspected and tested according to the following schedule:(a) The line pressure shall be observed and recorded at least once per day.(b) The pressure relief valves shall be

(i) inspected semi-annually for external damage, leakage, and broken seals; and(ii) replaced at least every 5 years (see CSA B51) .

15.2.2.2Alarms shall be inspected and tested to determine that all functions are satisfactory, as follows:(a) all alarms — monthly self test;(b) all alarms — annual control labelling;(c) local alarms — annually for low pressure activation and calibration; and(d) master alarms — every 6 months for activation from all field devices.

15.2.2.3*Zone valves shall be inspected annually for external leakage and control labelling. Zone valves shall be inspected every 5 years for internal leakage (i.e., tightness of shut-off).

15.2.2.4Inspection for internal leakage (i.e., tightness of shut-off) for main supply shut-off valves shall be done when there is a shut down of the entire system.

15.2.2.5The pressure setting of the line pressure regulators specified in Clause 5.2.2.4 shall be alternated at least every 6 months and an operating record shall be kept.

15.2.3 Terminal unitsTerminal units shall be tested in accordance with Clause D.6.5 at least annually for function, wear, and mechanical performance. During the performance test, a weight load similar to secondary equipment loads and not in excess of the manufacturer’s recommended limit shall be applied to the terminal unit with the test device to determine if leakage might exist. Leakage tests, using an electronic leakage tester or a commercially available oxygen compatible leak detector solution, shall be conducted during testing, as required, to reveal any suspected leaks. There shall be no detectable leak either audibly or visually.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 63

Table 1Standard cylinder valve outlet connections*

(See Clause 5.3.2.8.)

Table 2Nominal distribution pressures

(See Clauses 5.2.2.4, 7.1.9, and 7.2.2.)

Medical gas Number Type

Oxygen 540 0.903–14NGS-RH-EXT

Nitrous oxide 326 0.825–14NGO-RH-EXT

Medical air 346 0.825–14NGO-RH-EXT

Carbon dioxide 320 0.825–14NGO-RH-EXT

Helium 580 0.965–14NGO-RH-INT

Helium-oxygen mixture (not over 80% helium) 280 0.745–14NGO-RH-EXT

Carbon dioxide-oxygen mixture (not over 7.5% carbon dioxide) 280 0.745–14NGO-RH-EXT

Instrument air 346 0.825–14NGO-RH-EXT

Nitrogen 580 0.965–14NGO-RH-INT

*Standard connections in accordance with CGA V-1.

Medical gas or vacuum Pressure*

(a) Oxygen, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, and all other compressed medical gases, except as provided in Items (b) to (d)

345 ± 35 kPa (50 ± 5 psi)

(b) Nitrogen or instrument air ≤ 1100 ± 135 kPa (≤ 160 ± 20 psi)

(c) Carbon dioxide and other gases provided at non-standard pressures for specific purposes†

≤ 1000 ± 15% of nominal kPa (≤ 145 ± 15% of nominal psi)

(d) Vacuum 34 kPa absolute (20 in Hg)

*Gauge pressure, except for vacuum, which is expressed as absolute pressure.†When medical gases are delivered at nominal pressures other than those given in Item (a) or (b) above, the terminal unit shall be marked with the non-standard pressures as well as the name of the gas.

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Table 3Flow factors for more than one terminal unit

(See Clause 7.2.3.)

Column 1 Column 2

Column 3 Column 4

Oxygen and nitrous oxide Medical air*

Number of terminal units per facility

Average flow/ terminal units, % Flow at 10 L/min (0.4 SCFM) per terminal Flow at 25 L/min (1 SCFM) per terminal

1–10 100 Number of terminals x 10 L/min x 100%orNumber of terminals x 0.4 SCFM x 100%

Number of terminals x 25 L/min x 100%orNumber of terminals x 1 SCFM x 100%

11–25 75 100 L/min + (10 L/min × 75% × number of terminal units exceeding 10)or3.5 SCFM + (0.4 SCFM × 75% × number of terminal units exceeding 10)

250 L/min + (25 L/min × 75% × number of terminal units exceeding 10)or 9 SCFM + (1 SCFM × 75% × number of terminal units exceeding 10)

26–100 50 212 L/min + (10 L/min × 50% × number of terminal units exceeding 25)or7.5 SCFM + (0.4 SCFM × 50% × number of terminal units exceeding 25)

530 L/min + (25 L/min × 50% × number of terminal units exceeding 25)or19 SCFM + (1 SCFM × 50% × number of terminal units exceeding 25)

> 100 25 587 L/min + (10 L/min × 25% number of terminal units exceeding 100)or21 SCFM + (0.4 SCFM × 25% × number of terminal units exceeding 100)

1467 L/min + (25 L/min × 25% × number of terminal units exceeding 100)or52 SCFM + (1 SCFM × 25% × number of terminal units exceeding 100)

*The medical air total flow is determined by adding the flow at 40 L/min (1.4 SCFM) per regular ventilator, the flow at 60 L/min (2 SCFM) per oscillating ventilator, and the flow as determined from Column 4.Note: This Table is provided for information only. It is not a mandatory part of this Standard. The health care facility should determine its own requirements in consultation with its technical and clinical staff, consulting engineer, and equipment supplier.

Licensed for/Autorisé à Vincent Traina, Lokring Technology, LLC, Sold by/vendu par CSA on/le 8/13/2009. Single user license only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited./Permis d'utilisateur simple seulement. Le stockage, la distribution ou l'utilisation sur le réseau est interdit.

© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 65

Table 4Pressure (vacuum) requirements and flow factors

(See Clauses 7.2.2 and E.2.)

Medical gas

Minimum pressure/ vacuum at terminal unit

Permissible pressure/vacuum drop from source to outlet

Average flow per terminal unit at standard temperature and atmospheric pressure, L/min (SCFM)

(a) Nitrous oxide and oxygen 345 kPa (50 psi) 10% of nominal pressure 10 (0.4)

(b) Medical air 345 kPa (50 psi) 10% of nominal pressure 25 (1)

(c) Nitrogen and instrument air 1100 kPa (160 psi) 12.5% of nominal pressure

350 (12)

(d) Carbon dioxide and other gases not listed in Item (a) or (b) at pressures other than 345 kPa (50 psi)

345–1000 kPa (50–145 psi)

10% of nominal pressure 350 (12)

(e) Vacuum 47 kPa absolute (16 in Hg)

25% of nominal vacuum* 25 (1)

*The gauge pressure shall be ≥ 48 kPa when nominal pressure is 60 kPa absolute.Note: Where the system includes a line pressure regulator, the pressure of the source is the pressure at the downstream side of the regulator.

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Z7396.1-09©

Canadian Standards Association

66

August 2009

Table 5Alarm requirements for cylinder and vessel-based supply systems

(See Clause 6.1.1.)

Note: X designates an alarm requirement.*Designates an alarm requirement if specified by the manufacturer.

Oxygen Medical air Nitrous oxide Nitrogen Carbon dioxide

High-pressure cylinder system

Stationary liquid system (bulk)

Cryogenic liquidcylinder system (portable bulk)

High-pressure cylinder system

High-pressure cylinder system

Stationary liquid system (bulk)

High-pressure cylinder system

Stationary liquid system (bulk)

Stationary liquid system (bulk)

High-pressure cylinder system

Secondary source in use

X* X X X X X X X X X

Reserve in use X (for systems with reserve)

X X (for systems with reserve)

X (for systems with reserve)

X (for systems with reserve)

X (for systems with reserve)

X (for systems with reserve)

X (for systems with reserve)

X (for systems with reserve)

High line pressure

X X X X X X X X X X

Low line pressure

X X X X X X X X X X

Main liquid level low

X X X X

Main tank — abnormal head pressure

X

Reserve pressure low

X X (two needed)

Secondary — liquid level low

X (for liquid secondary source)

X (for liquid secondary source)

X X

Secondary —abnormal head pressure

X (for liquid secondary source)

X (for liquid secondary source)

Secondary —pressure low

X (for high-pressure secondary source)

X (for high-pressure secondary source)

X (for high-pressure secondary source)

Licensed for/Autorisé à Vincent Traina, Lokring Technology, LLC, Sold by/vendu par CSA on/le 8/13/2009. Single user license only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited./Permis d'utilisateur simple seulement. Le stockage, la distribution ou l'utilisation sur le réseau est interdit.

August 20096

7

© C

anadian Standards AssociationM

edical gas pipeline systems —

Part1:Pipelines

for medical gases and

vacuum

Table 6Alarm requirements for mechanical supply systems

(See Clauses 6.1.1 and 6.2.2.4.)

Signal

Medical air Instrument air Vacuum

Water-sealed

Dry recipro-cating

Dry scroll

Rotary toothoil-free

Screw-type oil-free

Recipro-cating oil-free

Water-sealed

Dry recipro-cating

Dry scroll

Rotary toothoil-free

Screw-type oil-free

Recipro-cating oil-free

Water-sealed

Oil-lubri-cated

Oil-less and oil-free

Oil-less claw

High line pressure X X X X X X X X X X X

Low line pressure X X X X X X X X X X X

Vacuum line low X X X X

High vacuum level

X*

Lag pump in use X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Reserve in use X X X X X X X X X X X

Reserve low pressure

X X X X X X X X X X X

High dew point X X X X X X X X X X X

High CO level X X X X X X

High discharge air temperature

X X X X X X X X X X X X*

Water in receiver X

Receiver flooded/ shutdown

X

Desiccant dryer tower switching failure

X X X X X X X X X X X

Low pressure in service water

X X

(Continued)

Licensed for/Autorisé à Vincent Traina, Lokring Technology, LLC, Sold by/vendu par CSA on/le 8/13/2009. Single user license only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited./Permis d'utilisateur simple seulement. Le stockage, la distribution ou l'utilisation sur le réseau est interdit.

Z7396.1-09©

Canadian Standards Association

68

August 2009

Table 6 (Concluded)

Signal

Medical air Instrument air Vacuum

Water-sealed

Dry recipro-cating

Dry scroll

Rotary toothoil-free

Screw-type oil-free

Recipro-cating oil-free

Water-sealed

Dry recipro-cating

Dry scroll

Rotary toothoil-free

Screw-type oil-free

Recipro-cating oil-free

Water-sealed

Oil-lubri-cated

Oil-less and oil-free

Oil-less claw

Main transformer failure

X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Motor overload X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

High water temperature

X (if greater than 50% recircu-lating)

High oil temperature

X X X X X

Low oil level X

Failure† X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X

Note: X designates an alarm requirement.*Designates an alarm requirement if specified by the manufacturer.†The “failure” signal is intended for use with alarms that are not required by this Standard but have been added to protect equipment. All the alarms required by the Standard shall be wired individually to the master alarm panel.

Licensed for/Autorisé à Vincent Traina, Lokring Technology, LLC, Sold by/vendu par CSA on/le 8/13/2009. Single user license only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited./Permis d'utilisateur simple seulement. Le stockage, la distribution ou l'utilisation sur le réseau est interdit.

© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 69

Table 7Gas names, colours, and symbols

(See Clauses 8.2.5 and 10.2.)

Notes: (1) Nominal pipeline pressures are provided for labelling reference only.(2) PMS (Pantone® colour matching system) numbers and the CMYK and RGB values are provided in the table below for

reference and do not necessarily need to be precisely matched. Final colours should be as close a match as permitted by the colouring process and the materials being coloured. The non-zero values of the colour generated using CMYK or RGB specifications should be within 10% of the values in the table below.

Colour Pantone CMYK RGBBlack PMS 433 0.0.0.100 0.0.0Blue PMS 661 60.40.0.40 0.51.153Brown PMS 498 0.20.40.40 153.102.51Green PMS 363 60.0.40.40 0.153.51Grey PMS 430 0.0.0.40 153.153.153Red magenta PMS 220 0.100.0.0 255.0.255White — 0.0.0.0 255.255.255Yellow PMS 101 0.0.100.0 255.255.0

Medical air MedAir Half black,half white

Half white,half black

345 kPa +35/–0

Carbon dioxide CO2 Grey White orblack

345 kPa +35/–0

Helium He Brown White 345 kPa +35/–0

Nitrogen N2 or HPN2 Black White 1145 kPa +173/–0

Instrument air(air for dynamicdevices)

— Alternatingwhite and blackdiagonal stripes

Black letteringin a white box

1145 kPa +173/–0

Nitrous oxide N2O Blue White 345 kPa +35/–0

Oxygen O2 White Green 345 kPa +35/–0

Medical-surgicalvacuum

MedVac Yellow Black 380–760 mm Hg

Anaesthetic gasscavenging system

AGSS Red magenta White Varies with system type

Gas mixtures Gas A%/Gas B%(e.g., O2 95%/CO2 5%)

Half the colourfor Gas A/half the colour for Gas B (asspecified in this table) (e.g., half white, half greyfor an O2/CO2mixture)

Half the lettering for Gas A/half the lettering for Gas B (asspecified in this table) (e.g., half green, half white or black for an O2/CO2 mixture)

345 kPa +35/–0

Medical gasor mixture Symbol

Backgroundcolour(s) Lettering

Nominal pipepressure

Medical Air

Helium

Nitrogen

Nitrous Oxide

OXYGEN

MEDVAC

AGSS

CO2

O2 95% CO2 5%

INSTRUMENT AIR

Example

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

70 August 2009

Table 8Spacing of piping supports

(See Clause 11.3.3.)

Pipe size, mm (in)

Spacing of supports, m (ft)

Horizontal Vertical

12 (1/2) 1.8 (6) 1.8 (6)

18 (3/4) 2.4 (8) 1.8 (6)

25 (1) 2.4 (8) 2.4 (8)

32 (1-1/4) 3.0 (10) 2.4 (8)

40 (1-1/2) 3.0 (10) 2.4 (8)

50 (2) and larger 3.0 (10) 3.0 (10)

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 71

Figure 1End points of medical gas pipeline systems

(See Clause 7.6.1.)

Hard copperpiped MSU

MSU with flexible hose

Junction point

Legend:

Terminal unit

End of pipeline

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

72 August 2009

Figure 2Symbols

(See Figures 3 to 14.)

Manual shut-off valve

Automatic valve—solenoid,pneumatic, hydraulicRelief valve

Cylinder valvewith relief device

Small device(e.g., intake filter, muffler,automatic drain, analyzer,recorder)

Cryogenic liquid cylinder

Pressure regulator

Terminal unit

Zone valve

DISS fitting

Capped pipeline

High pressurecylinder

Sight glass

Receiver

Pressure gauge

Local alarm

Non-return valve

Alarm sensor

Bulk liquid tank

Air compressor,vacuum pump,air dryer, etc.

Flexible coupling

Orifice

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 73

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 3Bulk supply system with bulk reserve

(See Clause 5.1.2.)

8

325

7

754

4

17

Legend:1 = Source shut-off valve2 = Supply shut-off valve3 = DISS fitting4 = Pressure relief valve5 = Pressure gauge6 = Emergency supply connection7 = Main line pressure regulator8 = High and low line pressure alarm sensors9 = Main bulk tank low liquid level alarm sensor10 = Main bulk tank pressure alarm sensor11 = Heat exchanger (vapourizer)12 = Reserve bulk tank low liquid level alarm sensor13 = Reserve bulk tank pressure alarm sensor14 = Reserve low pressure regulator15 = Bulk pad shut-off valve16 = Economizer regulator17 = Auxiliary supply connection18 = Reserve in use emergency alarm sensor

4

1

1

4

18

3

9

Main bulk supply

12

13

1614

11

Reserve supply

15

Pipelinedistributionsystem

11

6

Insidehealth carefacility

10

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

74 August 2009

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 4Bulk supply system with external high pressure cylinder reserve

(See Clause 5.1.2.)

Legend:1 = Source shut off valve2 = Supply shut off valve3 = DISS fitting4 = Pressure relief valve5 = Pressure gauge6 = Emergency supply connection7 = Main line pressure regulator8 = High and low line pressure alarm sensors9 = Main bulk tank low liquid level alarm sensor10 = Main bulk tank pressure alarm sensor11 = Heat exchanger (vapourizer)12 = Orifice13 = Reserve cylinders low pressure alarm sensor14 = Reserve pressure regulator15 = Bulk pad shut off valve16 = Auxiliary supply connection17 = Reserve in use alarm sensor

Main bulksupply

11

1412

13

74

1

17

3

4 5

54 15

16

2

6

4

71

5

10

9

8

3

Insidehealth carefacility

Pipelinedistributionsystem

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 75

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 5Bulk supply with internal high pressure cylinder reserve

(See Clause 5.1.2.)

Main bulk supply

1

Reserve supply

4

4

5

5

415

14

2

6

7

1

8

3

Inside health care facility(optional)

Pipelinedistribution

system

Legend:1 = Source shut-off valve2 = Supply shut-off valve3 = DISS fitting4 = Pressure relief valve5 = Pressure gauge6 = Emergency supply connection7 = Main line pressure regulator8 = High and low line pressure alarm sensors9 = Main bulk tank low liquid level alarm sensor10 = Main bulk tank pressure alarm sensor11 = Heat exchanger (vapourizer)12 = Orifice13 = Reserve cylinders low pressure alarm sensor14 = Reserve pressure regulator15 = Bulk pad shut-off valve16 = Auxiliary supply connection17 = Reserve in use alarm sensor

1112

13

17

3

5

416

7

109

(All pressure relief valves vent to outside)

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

76 August 2009

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 6Typical bulk system for nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide

(See Clause 5.1.2.)

1312

16

18

12

54

13

9

10

17

1

4

15

14

1

11

7

18

6

3

8

25

5

4

4

7

4

19

45

Insidehealth carefacility

Pipelinedistributionsystem

Reserve supply

Outside wall

Main bulksupply

(All pressure relief valves vent to outside)

Legend:1 = Source shut-off valve2 = Supply shut-off valve3 = DISS fitting4 = Pressure relief valve5 = Pressure gauge6 = Emergency supply connection7 = Main line pressure regulator8 = High and low line pressure alarm sensor9 = Main bulk tank low liquid level alarm sensor10 = Main bulk tank pressure alarm sensor11 = Heat exchanger (vapourizer)12 = Orifice13 = Reserve cylinder low pressure alarm sensor14 = Reserve low pressure regulator15 = Bulk pad shut-off valve16 = Auxiliary supply connection17 = Reserve in use alarm sensor18 = Reserve pressure regulator19 = Automatic change-over valves

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 77

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 7Typical cryogenic liquid cylinder supply

(See Clause 5.1.2.)

1

Reservesupply

44

5

5

4

3

13

2

6

7

1

8

3

Pipelinedistribution

system

Legend:1 = Source shut-off valve2 = Supply shut-off valve3 = DISS fitting4 = Pressure relief valve5 = Pressure gauge6 = Emergency supply connection7 = Main line pressure regulator8 = High and low line pressure alarm sensors9 = Main bulk tank low liquid level alarm sensor10 = Main bulk tank pressure alarm sensor11 = Orifice12 = Reserve cylinders low pressure alarm sensor13 = Reserve pressure regulator14 = Auxiliary supply connection15 = Reserve in use alarm sensor

10

11

12

153

5

4

14

7

10

9

4

4

4

444

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

78 August 2009

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 8Cryogenic liquid cylinder and high pressure cylinder supply

(See Clause 5.1.2.)

Legend:1 = Source shut-off valve2 = Supply shut-off valve3 = DISS fitting4 = Pressure relief valve5 = Pressure gauge6 = Emergency supply connection7 = Main line pressure regulator8 = High and low line pressure alarm sensors9 = Main bulk tank low liquid level alarm sensor10 = Main bulk tank pressure alarm sensor11 = Heat exchanger (vapourizer)12 = Orifice13 = Reserve cylinders low pressure alarm sensor14 = Reserve pressure regulator15 = Reserve in use alarm sensor

Reservesupply

11 14

12

13

7

4

1

153

4

5

5

4

10

3

2

6

4

7

1

5

9

8

3

Pipelinedistribution

system

5

4

4

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 79

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 9Typical cylinder system

(See Clause 5.1.2.)

Legend:1 = Source shut-off valve2 = Supply shut-off valve3 = DISS fitting4 = Pressure relief valve5 = Pressure gauge6 = Emergency inlet connection7 = Main line pressure regulator8 = High and low line pressure alarm sensors9 = High pressure regulator10 = Bank low pressure alarm sensor11 = Automatic change-over valve12 = Orifice13 = Change-over alarm sensor

11

4

12

13

7

4

129

5

4 5

54

3

10

2

6

4

7

1

510

9

8

3 Pipelinedistribution

system

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

80 August 2009

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 10Medical air system

(See Clause 5.1.2.)

1 = DISS demand check valve for alarm2 = Aftercooler3 = Receiver 4 = Flexible coupling 5 = Receiver automatic drain valve6 = Filter automatic drain valve7 = Pressure relief valve8 = Receiver isolation valve9 = Manual drain valve10 = Compressor inlet filter11 = Pressure gauge12 = Check valve13 = Compressor alarm sensor

Legend:14 = Main line regulator15 = Reserve in use alarm16 = High humidity alarm17 = High carbon monoxide alarm 18 = Line pressure high alarm19 = Line pressure low alarm 20 = Reserve low alarm21 = Reserve pressure regulator22 = Tower switching failure alarm23 = Dryer pre-filter24 = Dryer after filter25 = Activated carbon final filter26 = Condensate separator

27 = Source shut-off valve28 = Supply shut-off valve29 = Auxiliary inlet30 = Optional receiver bypass valve

24

15

27

117

121

22

272725 2425

12 12

7722

21

7

28

19

12

11

1816 17

7

11

20

14

29

27

14Systemoutlet

4

101313

42

30

26

7

122766

8

23 27 2327

11

2277

22

1212

7

6

2

4

13 1310

4

4 4

101313

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 81

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 11Instrument air system

(See Clause 5.1.2.)

1 = Compressor inlet filter2 = DISS demand check valve for alarm3 = Aftercooler4 = Receiver 5 = Condensate separator 6 = Receiver automatic drain valve7 = Filter automatic drain valve8 = Pressure relief valve9 = Receiver isolation valve10 = Manual drain valve11 = Flexible coupling12 = Pressure gauge13 = Check valve

Legend:14 = Main line regulator15 = High humidity alarm16 = High carbon monoxide alarm 17 = Line pressure high alarm 18 = Reserve low alarm19 = Reserve pressure regulator20 = Tower switching failure alarm21 = Dryer pre-filter22 = Dryer after filter23 = Activated carbon final filter24 = Source shut-off valve25 = Supply shut-off valve

26 = Auxiliary inlet27 = Optional receiver bypass valve

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

82 August 2009

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 12Medical vacuum system

(See Clause 5.1.2.)

Legend:1 = Low vacuum alarm sensor2 = DISS demand check valve for alarm3 = Auxiliary vacuum connection4 = Receiver (optional)5 = Flexible coupling6 = Supply shut-off valve7 = Receiver bypass valve8 = Receiver isolation valve9 = Manual drain valve10 = Pump inlet filter11 = Vacuum gauge12 = Check valve13 = Pump alarm sensor14 = Test valve with silencer (optional)15 = Source shut-off valve

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 83

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 13Small, non-hospital-based medical gas system

(See Clause 14.1.2.)

Legend:1 = Source isolation valve2 = Line pressure regulator3 = DISS fitting4 = Pressure relief valves5 = Pressure gauge6 = Line pressure sensor and alarm7 = Zone valve

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Z7396.1-09©

Canadian Standards Association

84

August 2009

Note: See Figure 2.

Figure 14Terminology for pipelines and valves

(See Clauses 3, 5.2.1, 5.3.2.1, 5.4.2.1, 5.5.2.3, 6.3.1.1, 7.6.3, 8, 11.5.3.5, 12.6.3.4, and 14.3.2.2.)

To other floors

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Min. 2 m (6.5 ft)

Main pipeline to otherrisers and/or branches

Licensed for/Autorisé à Vincent Traina, Lokring Technology, LLC, Sold by/vendu par CSA on/le 8/13/2009. Single user license only. Storage, distribution or use on network prohibited./Permis d'utilisateur simple seulement. Le stockage, la distribution ou l'utilisation sur le réseau est interdit.

© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 85

Annex A (informative)Commentary on clauses in this Standard

Note: This Annex is an informative (non-mandatory) part of this Standard.

A.1.1Operation refers to all operational modes, including start-up, power operation, planned and unplanned outages, refurbishment, and lay-up pending start.

A.3 DefinitionsCreepRegulator creep is usually due to a failure of the valve closure elements precision-fitted ability to properly close against the valve seat due to distortion or damage of the seat or closure element or a dirty/worn seat or element (see Item (b) of Clause 15.2.1.2).

A.5.3.2.2Carbon dioxide manifolds are designed for use with gaseous carbon dioxide only and are supplied with a CGA 320 connector. Siphon carbon dioxide cylinders, with the same CGA 320 connectors, are designed for liquid carbon dioxide service only and withdraw cold liquid carbon dioxide through an abductor tube from the bottom of the cylinder. The cold liquid can and will freeze and plug manifold components, especially small orifices in the primary regulators. This creates two simultaneously dangerous conditions:(a) it stops the flow of gas from the manifold into the pipeline and can therefore endanger the patient by

causing an immediate cessation of laparoscopic surgery; and(b) trapped cryogenic liquid will warm to room temperature, converting to a gaseous state in the process

and expanding greatly in volume, and ultimately lead to dangerous and possibly life-threatening over-pressurization.

A.5.6.3.1.1The system design flow should be determined by the health care facility in consultation with its technical and clinical staff, consulting engineers, and medical air equipment supplier.

Previous editions of this Standard included a terminal unit rating chart for medical air compressor sizing. Experience has shown that this chart had become the primary method of sizing, resulting in compressors that were improperly sized. However, medical air consumption is proportional to the number and type of respiratory devices in use, not the number of terminal units in the health care facility. A survey of existing respiratory equipment and future applications is required to ensure that compressors are properly sized. For general reference and context only and not to be used in lieu of a proper engineering study, the following medical air flow rates are typical for respiratory devices:(a) standard ventilator — 25 L/min (1 SCFM);(b) oscillating ventilator — 75 L/min (3 SCFM);(c) oxygen/air blender — 10 L/min (0.4 SCFM);(d) anaesthesia machine — 25 L/min (1 SCFM); and(e) nebulizer — 10 L/min (0.4 SCFM).

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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A.5.6.3.1.9In Item (c), 5 ppmv is the threshold limit value specified in the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). It is not intended to require an immediate alarm response at this limit but rather a time-weighted response as determined by the manufacturer.

In Item (d), an immediate response, including alarm and shutdown, at five times the ACGIH threshold limit value follows standard ACGIH practice.

A.5.6.3.5.1For large systems, the mains feed may be from two separate sources and arranged to allow service without system shutdown.

A.5.6.3.7.1The –32 °C minimum dew point level was chosen for consistency with ISO 7396-1 (water vapour content of 67 mL/m3 = –45 °C, atmospheric dew point = –32 °C, pressure dew point at 350 kPa).

A.5.6.3.7.5Filters rated at an efficiency of 99.999% of trapping particles 0.12 µm in diameter, commonly referred to as ultra-low penetration air (ULPA) are widely available and standard in the industry. This filter rating is believed to prevent bacterial contamination and matches the requirements of Clause 5.7.3.1.6 for medical vacuum bacteria filters.

A.5.7.1.2The system design flow should be determined by the health care facility in consultation with its technical and clinical staff, consulting engineers, and vacuum equipment supplier.

Previous editions of this Standard included a terminal unit rating chart for vacuum pump sizing. Experience has shown that this chart had become the primary method of sizing, resulting in pumps that were grossly over-sized. A proper engineering study is required to ensure that vacuum pumps are properly sized. Many factors affect the vacuum flow and pump selection, including altitude, level of acuity of the health care facility, and differences in medical practice. For example, a rehabilitation health care facility might use only 10% of the vacuum flow of an equivalent sized acute-care health care facility. A health care facility at 1200 m (4000 ft) above sea level requires a much larger vacuum pump than the same health care facility at sea level. For general reference and context only and not to be used in lieu of a proper engineering study, the flow rates shown below are typical for a health care facility’s at sea level.

*PACU = post-anaesthesia care unit.

1 OR, 2 PACU* surgery centre 150 L/min at 34 kPa absolute (5 SCFM at 20 in Hg)

2 OR, 4 PACU* surgery centre 300 L/min at 34 kPa absolute (10 SCFM at 20 in Hg)

< 100 bed acute care hospital 600 L/min at 34 kPa absolute (20 SCFM at 20 in Hg)

200–300 bed acute care hospital 850–1400 L/min at 34 kPa absolute (30–50 SCFM at 20 in Hg)

500 bed acute care hospital 2300–2800 L/min at 34 kPa absolute (80–100 SCFM at 20 in Hg)

1000 bed acute care hospital 3400–4300 L/min at 34 kPa absolute (120–150 SCFM at 20 in Hg)

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 87

A.5.7.3.2.1For large systems, the mains feed may be from two separate sources and arranged to allow service without system shutdown.

A.6.2.4.5.1Continuous responsible surveillance may be accomplished through the placement of master alarm panels in multiple locations with designated responsibility, provided that these responsibilities combine to provide continuous surveillance. Examples of continuous responsible surveillance include(a) a telephone switchboard;(b) an emergency department;(c) an engineering department;(d) a respiratory department;(e) a dedicated computer-controlled monitoring system displaying a graphic representation of the

master alarm(s);(f) a closed-circuit TV or webcam, complete with audible capability, displaying the master alarm(s); or(g) an automated attended system with a remote communication device (e.g., a computer link

connected to a dedicated paging device) that identifies the condition represented by each alarm signal.

A.7.6.3In surgical suites, intensive care units, and other patient areas possessing multiple medical supply units, service isolation valves are typically installed downstream of the zone valves controlling the individual room or area, such that individual units can be isolated for maintenance without disrupting the function of adjacent units. However, in rooms in which only one medical supply unit is installed downstream of zone valves, it is considered to be impractical and therefore unnecessary to install another set of isolation valves; thus, the zone valves can, by default, be used to isolate the medical supply unit.

A.8.2.4In normal operating conditions, all valves within a pipeline distribution system, with the significant exception of zone valves, are required to be secured in the open position. For maintenance purposes, specific valves might have to be closed and secured in that position. Typical means of securing valves are locks, with keys restricted to designated personnel, or tie-wraps.

Serious incidents have occurred in recent years when individuals with limited or no knowledge of medical gas systems have accidentally either completely or partially closed unsecured valves, creating serious risks to patients. Further, it is not uncommon for plastic tie-wraps to deteriorate with age or to break under accidental stress.

Staff responsible for existing medical gas pipeline distribution systems should address the risks associated with un-secured or inadequately secured valves and rectify any deficiencies.

A.8.2.7The location of service isolation valves will be determined by the building design, system design, and user requirements. Critical care areas (e.g., ICU, CCU) should have two or more sets of service isolation valves installed to facilitate future maintenance and additions.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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A.8.3.7The intent of this Clause is to help ensure that the zone valve can be safely accessed if there is a fire or other hazard at the terminal unit. A test of linear distance can be performed as follows: if one end of a 2 m (6.5 ft) line is attached to the zone valve and stretched along the adjoining wall(s) and around corners, the other end should not be able to touch any terminal unit.

A.11.1.4This Clause is intended to prevent practices such as installing temporary connections between pipelines so that they can be simultaneously pressurized from a common gas source during a pressure test. The object is to avert cross-connections that occur when a temporary connection is forgotten and not removed.

A.11.4.1.1In Canada, at the time this edition of the Standard was being prepared for publication, the following authorities have been designated by their province to perform the oversight functions cited in Clause 4.5 of CSA B51:(a) Alberta: Alberta Boiler Safety Association;(b) British Columbia: Ministry of Community, Aboriginal and Women’s Services; Boiler and Pressure

Vessel Safety Program;(c) Manitoba: Manitoba Labour & Immigration; Mechanical & Engineering;(d) New Brunswick: Department of Public Safety; Boiler and Pressure Vessels;(e) Newfoundland: Department of Government Services; Boiler and Pressure Vessels;(f) Nova Scotia: Department of Labour; Boiler and Pressure Vessels;(g) Ontario: Technical Standards and Safety Authority;(h) Prince Edward Island: Community and Cultural Affairs; Boiler and Pressure Vessels; and(i) Saskatchewan: Corrections & Public Safety; Boiler and Pressure Vessels.

A.15.2.2.1The pressure relief valves can be replaced by recertified valves as part of an on-going program that meets the requirements of CSA B51.

A.15.2.1.3The following contains suggested service schedules for (a) typical medical air, instrument air, and medical vacuum systems:

(i) daily:(1) check the automatic drain on receivers;(2) check oil level(s); and(3) check exhaust drain drip leg for presence of moisture/water;

(ii) weekly:(1) check the frequency of starts and the duration of the run period and compare with previous

records; and(2) check the cut-in and cut-out pressure;

(iii) monthly:(1) check outdoor vacuum exhaust vents for obstruction (ice/debris on screen); (2) check outdoor medical air intake for obstruction; and(3) clean compressor inlet filters;

(iv) every 6 months:(1) test all system functions; and(2) replace intake and other system filters, if necessary;

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 89

(v) every 12 months:(1) change inlet filters; (2) change oil filters (oil lubricated pumps); (3) change oil separator elements (oil lubricated pumps);(4) check inlet and discharge check valve operations; (5) check flex lines for wear or leaks;(6) check belts and tension; (7) check control panel contactors for wear;(8) check motor to pump coupler bushings; and(9) check and document vane wear (composite rotary vane type pumps); and

(vi) following manufacturer’s instructions:(1) change oil with specified type and grade; (2) lubricate the pump, motor, and bearings; and(3) replace piston rings; and

(b) typical drying and purification units:(i) daily checking of operation of the dryers and their filters for continued compliance with the

manufacturer’s operating instructions;(ii) every 6 months:

(1) test all system functions; and(2) clean the pre-filter strainer ball valve; and

(iii) every 12 months:(1) check and/or change all filters as per manufacturer’s instructions; (2) check and/or change exhaust mufflers/silencers as per manufacturer’s instructions; (3) check for air leakage of the outlet and purge check valves; (4) check for leakage at the inlet/exhaust control valve solenoids; and(5) check the inlet and exhaust valves/solenoids for wear.

Note: The tower desiccant should be changed as required by failing dew point or as per manufacturer’s instructions.

A.15.2.2.3A tightness of shut-off test is achieved by closing a valve and lowering the downstream pressure of a zone 20% of its normal value while observing any change in pressure for 20 min for major use areas and 10 min for minor use areas. Provided such tests are approved and do not impact patient care, the tightness of shut-off test will simultaneously produce(a) a standing pressure test to determine leakage within the zone it controls, whether it be from a

component or from the pipeline (provided all secondary equipment is removed from terminal units during the test). This test is not always practical but provides valuable information for ensuring safety and investigating excessive gas consumption;

(b) a method to verify any required changes to control labelling by observing the pressure at each terminal unit following the standing pressure test;

(c) confirmation that the valve will contain pressure, critical in the event of fire containment as well as for emergency or construction related back-feeding purposes; and

(d) verification of external leakage of the valve when in the open or closed position by use of an electronic detection device or by application of oxygen-compatible leak detector solution.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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A.D.6.4.4 CertificationWhen the contaminant level of a sample from a medical gas pipeline exceeds those specified in Table D.4, corrective measures should include re-sampling of the suspect system at both the source of supply and at the furthest point in the system. If the difference in the contaminant levels between the two samples is less than the levels specified in Table D.4, the system may be considered to have met the requirements of this Standard. By contrast, should the difference between the two samples exceed the levels specified in Table D.4, the source of the medical gas might require remedial action.

A. Table D.4Minor component concentration limits in this table are considered to be reasonable for protecting the old, very young, or infirm from negative health effects. The minor component levels indicate the potential entry of contaminants into the system through processes such as inadequate installation, entry of air or other outside contaminants to the system, cross connections, inadequate cleaning, intake contamination, etc.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 91

Annex B (normative)Installation tests

Note: This Annex is a normative (mandatory) part of this Standard.

B.1 GeneralThe medical gas system installer and the project engineer shall be jointly responsible for the performance of the tests in Annex B.

B.2 Leak testsNote: Two pressure tests for the detection of leaks are described in this Clause. These tests are referenced in Clause 11.4.3.4. The leak test in Clause B.2.1 should be conducted by the installers to confirm for their own purposes that the work is of the required quality. The leak test in Clause B.2.2 will provide a documented record that the construction of the system meets the requirements of this Standard. See also CSA B51.

B.2.1 All joints shall be tested to detect leakage using the following procedure:(a) The test gas shall be oil-free dry air or oil-free dry nitrogen.(b) Each section of the pipeline shall be subjected to a test pressure of 1-1/2 times the maximum working

pressure or 1035 kPa (150 psi), whichever is greater, except vacuum pipelines shall be tested to a minimum of 415 kPa (60 psi).

(c) A oxygen compatible leak detector shall be used.(d) If any leaks are detected, they shall be repaired and the applicable sections of the medical gas piping

system shall be retested.

B.2.2 Successful completion of the joint tests specified in Clause B.2.1 shall be determined by conducting a 24 h standing pressure test of the system using the following procedure:(a) The test gas shall be oil-free dry air or oil-free dry nitrogen.(b) The test pressure shall be 1-1/2 times the maximum working pressure or 1035 kPa (150 psi),

whichever is greater, except that vacuum shall be tested to a minimum of 415 kPa (60 psi).(c) The only allowable pressure changes during the 24 h period shall be those caused by variations in the

ambient temperature around the pipeline system.Note: The use of a temperature-compensated or pressure/temperature recorder is recommended.

B.2.3 After completion of the pressure tests described in Clauses B.2.1 and B.2.2, the terminal units shall be purged a sufficient number of times to clear them of particulate matter.

B.2.4 The outflow from each gas terminal unit shall also be observed to confirm the absence of visible moisture (i.e., droplets or mist).

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

92 August 2009

B.3 Cross-connection tests

B.3.1 GeneralTesting for cross-connection in medical gas piping systems shall be accomplished as described in either Clause B.3.2 or B.3.3, depending on the number of gas services provided.

B.3.2 Cross-connection test — Method 1Note: This test is used when there is one or more services.For Method 1, the procedure shall be as follows:(a) A single test gas, as specified in Clause B.2.1(a), shall be used.(b) If two pressure gas pipelines are present, the pressure in one of them shall be raised to 345 kPa

(50 psi) and the other shall be reduced to atmospheric pressure.(c) Each individual terminal unit of all the piping systems shall then be checked to ensure that

(i) the test pressure is measured at every terminal unit that is part of the gas service that has been pressurized; and

(ii) no pressure is registered at any terminal that is part of the gas service that was not pressurized.(d) The actual pressure shall be measured with a gauge attached to the specific adapter for that terminal

unit.(e) Each terminal unit shall be inspected to ensure that it is properly identified by name and colour.

B.3.3 Cross-connection test — Method 2Note: This test is used when there are pipelines for more than two gases, in addition to vacuum.For Method 2, the procedure shall be as follows:(a) A single test gas, as specified in Clause B.2.1(a), shall be used.(b) The vacuum system shall be activated.(c) The pressure in all compressed gas piping systems other than the one under investigation shall be

reduced to atmospheric pressure.(d) The pressure in the piping system under investigation shall be raised to 345 kPa (50 psi).(e) Each individual terminal unit of all the piping systems shall then be checked to ensure that

(i) the test pressure is measured at every terminal unit that is part of the gas service that has been pressurized;

(ii) no pressure is registered at any terminal that is part of the gas service that was not pressurized; and

(iii) vacuum is registered at every terminal unit that is part of the vacuum system.(f) The actual pressure shall be measured with a gauge attached to the specific adapter for that terminal

unit.(g) Each pressure gas system shall be tested as described in Items (c) to (f).

Note: It is not necessary to retest the vacuum system each time.(h) Each terminal unit shall be inspected to ensure that it is properly identified by name and colour.

B.3.4 Cross connectionsThere shall be no cross connections. In the event that a cross connection is discovered, the installer shall correct the situation, repeat the leakage tests specified in Clause B.2 as required by the extent of the repairs, and repeat the cross-connection test using either Method 1 from Clause B.3.2 or Method 2 from Clause B.3.3.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 93

Annex C (normative)Supply system and master alarm system tests

Note: This Annex is a normative (mandatory) part of this Standard.

C.1 GeneralThe tests and procedures specified in this Annex shall be performed on the supply systems and alarm systems by an accredited testing agency.Notes: (1) It is often beneficial for the accredited testing agency to have representatives from the manufacturer or gas supplier to

assist in the testing of supply systems. This can help to avoid situations where a test procedure inadvertently contravenes warranty requirements for the equipment.

(2) Clause C.3 includes requirements for testing and checking for the presence of certain functions on the control panels of mechanical sources. Some of these tests and checks will also be done at the master alarm panel(s) as specified in Clause C.4. In some cases, these tests may be combined.

C.2 Functional tests of all sourcesEach source within a supply system shall be functionally tested according to the requirements of this Standard and the manufacturer’s manuals and specifications.

C.3 Detailed inspection of supply systemsThe elements of the supply systems shall be tested for conformity with the Clause 5 requirements referenced in Table C.1. If the accredited testing agency finds that any part of the supply system does not conform to the requirements, the supply system shall not be used until the non-conformance is corrected.

For each of the alarm simulations, the manufacturer’s test instructions shall be obtained and followed, so that the test or simulation can be conducted without compromising the integrity of the device or voiding a warranty.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

94 August 2009

Table C.1Testing protocols for Clause 5 requirements

(See Clause C.3.)

Clause reference

System component or element

Characteristic or function being checked(refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

5.2 Control equipment

5.2.1 Sources Presence and location of a non-return valve and a shut-off valve for each source

Visual inspection

5.2.2.1 Supply systems Presence of at least two line pressure regulators compatible with intended gas service, installed in parallel

Visual inspection of documentation or label to confirm compatibility

5.2.2.3 Supply systems — dual-arm assemblies

Configuration of line pressure regulators and associated equipment

Visual inspection

5.2.2.5 Line pressure regulators

Secondary set below pipeline low pressure alarm set point and not lower than 35 psi

Visual inspection

5.2.4.1 Pressure relief valves Stamped in accordance with the requirements of the appropriate section of the ASME BPVC

Visual inspection

5.2.4.3 Pressure relief valves Settings of pressure relief valves Visual inspection

5.2.4.5 Pressure relief valve outlets (except for medical air)

Location and installation in accordance with the requirements of Clause 5.2.4.5

Visual inspection

5.2.4.6 Pressure relief valves Not isolated from pipeline Visual inspection

5.3 High-pressure cylinder supply system

5.3.1.2 Connections Presence of connection point for temporary gas supply upstream of the main line pressure regulators

Visual inspection

5.3.2.3 Headers — non-return valves and cylinder leads

Presence of non-return valves at the header; flexible connectors gas specific at each end

Visual inspection

5.3.2.4 Headers — flexible connections

Connectors between the cylinders and manifold have the name or trademark of manufacturer or supplier and the symbol or name of the gas or the CGA number corresponding to the appropriate gas-specific connector; flexible connections for oxidizing gases are not polymer lined

Visual inspection

5.3.3.1 Manifolds Automatic operation of the secondary source;automatic operation of reserve, if present

Functional test

(Continued)

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 95

Table C.1 (Continued)

Clause reference

System component or element

Characteristic or function being checked(refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

5.4 Cryogenic liquid cylinder supply system (portable bulk)

5.4.1.3 Connections Presence of connection point for temporary gas supply upstream of the main line pressure regulators

Visual inspection

5.4.2.2 Headers —non-return valves and cylinder leads

Presence of non-return valves at the header; flexible connectors gas specific at each end

Visual inspection

5.4.2.3 Headers — flexible connections

Flexible connections have the name or trademark of the manufacturer or supplier and the symbol or name of the gas or CGA number

Visual inspection

5.4.3.1 Manifolds Automatic operation of the secondary source; automatic operation of reserve, if present

Functional test

5.5 Stationary liquid supply system (bulk system)

5.5.1.2 Auxiliary oxygen inlets

Presence, configuration, and location Visual inspection

5.5.1.3 Emergency oxygen inlets

Presence, configuration, and location Visual inspection

5.5.2.3 Non-return valves (NRV)

Presence of NRV and shut-off valve upstream of the intersection with any other source

Visual inspection

5.5.3.1 Secondary sources Automatic operation of secondary source Functional test

5.6 Medical air supply systems

5.6.3.1.1 Components Presence of at least three compressor units and one receiver, and at least two drying and purification units

Visual inspection

5.6.3.1.2 Components Presence of high-pressure reserve source Visual inspection

5.6.3.4.2 Intake piping Connected only to medical air system; equipped with filters that are located inside the facility, close to the compressor, and accessible for servicing

Visual inspection

5.6.3.4.3 Air sources Location — distances from exhaust, vents, doors, windows, grade, and potential contamination

Visual inspection

5.6.3.4.4 Intake piping Opening is turned downward and screened, and is accessible for servicing

Visual inspection

5.6.3.5.2 Control panels —all systems

Presence and function of indicators for “power on” and “compressor running” for each compressor unit

Functional test

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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Table C.1 (Continued)

Clause reference

System component or element

Characteristic or function being checked(refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

5.6 Medical air supply systems (continued)

5.6.3.5.3 Compressor systems Automatic alternation of compressor units and automatic lag operation

Functional test

5.6.3.5.4 Compressor systems Control circuit designed so that failure of one compressor unit does not affect others

Simulation/ functional test

5.6.3.5.5 Compressor systems Control circuit designed so that failure of one control transformer does not affect operation of system

Simulation/ functional test

5.6.3.5.7 Control panels —all systems

Presence and function of alarms for lag, primary transformer failure, high CO level, and motor overload

Simulation/ functional test

5.6.3.5.8 Control panels —water-sealed systems

Presence and function of alarms for low water pressure, water in receiver, and receiver flooded/shutdown

Simulation/ functional test

5.6.3.5.9 Control panel alarms — oil-less systems

Presence and function of alarms for high air discharge temperature and shutdown

Simulation/functional test

5.6.3.5.10 Control panel alarms — oil-free systems

Presence and function of alarms for failure of oil pump or oil cooling circuit and high air discharge temperature

Simulation/ functional test

5.6.3.6.2 Receivers Presence of manual and automatic drain valves, pressure gauge, sight glass, pressure relief valve, and shut-off valve; receiver not bypassed

Visual inspection

5.6.3.7.4 Drying and purification units

Presence of coalescing pre-filter with corrosion-resistant housing and automatic drain valve upstream of each dryer

Visual inspection

5.6.3.7.5 Drying and purification units

Presence of particulate after-filter downstream of each dryer

Visual inspection

5.6.3.7.6 Drying and purification units

Presence of final filters upstream of the line pressure regulators

Visual inspection

5.7 Medical vacuum systems

5.7.1.1 Medical vacuum systems

Presence of at least three pumps, except as specified in Clause 5.7.1.3

Visual inspection

5.7.2.2 Oil-lubricated vacuum pumps

Shut down and initiate alarm if the temperature exceeds the manufacturer’s recommended level

Simulation/ functional test

5.7.2.3 Oil-less claw-type vacuum pumps

Shut down and initiate alarm if the vacuum level or discharge temperature exceed the manufacturer’s recommended upper limit

Functional test/ simulation

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 97

Table C.1 (Continued)

Clause reference

System component or element

Characteristic or function being checked(refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

5.7 Medical vacuum systems (continued)

5.7.2.4 Water-sealed vacuum pumps

Shut down and initiate alarm if liquid service water pressure is below the manufacturer’s recommended level or (in a system with a recirculation rate greater than 50%) the water temperature exceeds the manufacturer’s recommended upper limit

Simulation/ functional test

5.7.3.1.4 Vacuum exhaust piping

Connected only to vacuum system Visual inspection

5.7.3.1.5 Vacuum exhaust Location — distance from medical air and ventilation intakes, windows, and doors

Visual inspection

5.7.3.2.2 Vacuum systems —control panel

Presence of indicators for “power on” and “pump running” for each vacuum pump

Visual inspection

5.7.3.2.3 Vacuum systems — control panel

Presence and function of alarms for lag, primary control transformer failure, and motor overload

Simulation/ functional test

5.7.3.2.4 Oil-lubricated vacuum systems — control panel

Presence and function of numerical display and alarm for high discharge temperature

Simulation/ functional test

5.7.3.2.5 Water-sealed vacuum systems — control panel

Presence and function of alarms for low water pressure and for high water temperature in systems with greater than 50% recirculation

Simulation/ functional test

5.7.3.2.6 Oil-less claw-type vacuum systems

Presence and function of numerical display and alarms for high vacuum level and high discharge temperature

Simulation/ functional test

5.7.3.2.9 Vacuum pump controls

Automatic alternation of all vacuum pumps and automatic lag operation

Functional test for lag operation

5.7.3.2.10 Control systems Designed so that failure of one pump does not affect remaining units

Simulation/ functional test

5.7.3.2.11 Control systems Designed so that failure of one control transformer does not affect remaining units

Simulation/ functional test

5.7.4.2 Vacuum receivers Manual drain valve, vacuum gauge, sight glass, and shut-off valves

Visual inspection

5.8 Oxygen concentrator systems

5.8.2 Oxygen concentrators,if installed

Compliance with CAN/CSA-Z10083 Visual and functional tests as required by CAN/CSA-Z10083

(Continued)

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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Table C.1 (Continued)

Clause reference

System component or element

Characteristic or function being checked(refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

5.9 Instrument air supply systems

5.9.3.1.1 Components Presence of at least three compressor units and one receiver, and at least two drying and purification units

Visual inspection

5.9.3.1.2 Components Presence of high-pressure reserve source Visual inspection

5.9.3.3.2 Control panels —all systems

Presence and function of indicators for “power on” and “compressor running” for each compressor unit

Functional test

5.9.3.3.3 Compressor systems Automatic alternation of compressor units and automatic lag operation

Functional test

5.9.3.3.4 Compressor systems Control circuit designed so that failure of one compressor unit does not affect others

Simulation/ functional test

5.9.3.3.5 Compressor systems Control circuit designed so that failure of one control transformer does not affect operation of system

Simulation/ functional test

5.9.3.3.7 Control panels —all systems

Presence and function of alarms for lag, primary transformer failure, and motor overload

Simulation/ functional test

5.9.3.4.2 Receivers Presence of manual and automatic drain valves, pressure gauge, sight glass, pressure relief valve, and shut-off valve; receiver not bypassed

Visual inspection

5.9.3.5.4 Drying and purification units

Presence of coalescing pre-filter with corrosion-resistant housing and automatic drain valve upstream of each dryer

Visual inspection

5.9.3.5.5 Drying and purification units

Presence of particulate after-filter downstream of each dryer

Visual inspection

5.9.3.5.6 Drying and purification units

Presence of final filters upstream of the line pressure regulators

Visual inspection

5.10 Location of supply system components

5.10.1.1 Supply system locations — general

In locked room or enclosure, with limited access Visual inspection

5.10.1.2 Supply system locations — bulk pad

On concrete foundation, etc., and meeting requirements of Clause 5.10.2.1

Visual inspection

5.10.1.3 Supply system locations — liquid oxygen

Liquid oxygen storage in volumes of greater than 570 m3 (20 000 ft3) is in accordance with NFPA 50

Inspection of supporting documentation*

(Continued)

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 99

Table C.1 (Concluded)

Clause reference

System component or element

Characteristic or function being checked(refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

5.10.1.4 Supply system locations — nitrous oxide

Nitrous oxide storage of greater than 1820 kg (4000 lb) is in accordance with CGA G-8.1

Inspection of supporting documentation*

5.10.1.5 Supply system locations — general

Systems with capacity less than that specified in Clauses 5.10.1.3 and 5.10.1.4 enclosed in a separate room or indoors

Visual inspection

5.10.1.7 Supply system rooms or enclosures

Smoking prohibited in supply system locations; sign in place

Visual inspection

5.10.2.1 Outdoor enclosures Meet stated requirements for barrier height and distance from services and equipment

Visual inspection

5.10.3.1.2 Rooms Doors open outwards and can be opened from inside without a key; separation from anaesthetizing locations and flammable storage locations

Visual inspection

5.10.3.1.3 Rooms and indoor enclosures

Electrical fixtures positioned at least 1.5 m (5 ft) above the floor and installed in accordance with CSA C22.1

Visual inspection

5.10.3.1.5 Rooms Type and location of heating system Visual inspection

5.10.3.1.6 Rooms Other uses for the room are restricted; empty cylinders are either in a separate storage area or clearly marked as empty and kept separate from full cylinders

Visual inspection

5.10.3.2.1 Rooms for cylinder supply systems

Meet ventilation requirements of Clauses 5.10.3.2.2 and 5.10.3.2.3

Visual inspection

5.10.3.3.1 Mechanical supply systems

Meet stated requirements for location and installation

Visual inspection

*The purpose of the inspection is to confirm that the facility has documentation of the installation’s compliance with the referenced NFPA or CGA standards. The scope of this inspection does not extend to an evaluation of the extent to which the installation meets the applicable codes and regulations.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

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C.4 Detailed inspection of master alarm systemsThe master alarm panel(s), supply system alarms, and line pressure alarms shall be tested for conformity with the Clause 6 requirements referenced in Table C.2. If the accredited testing agency finds that any part of the alarm system does not conform to the referenced requirements, the part of the medical gas pipeline system served by that alarm system shall not be used until the non-conformance is corrected.

For each of the alarm simulations, the manufacturer’s test instructions shall be obtained and followed, so that the test or simulation can be conducted without compromising the integrity of the device or voiding a warranty.

Table C.2Testing protocols for Clause 6 requirements

(See Clause C.4.)

Clause reference

System component or element

Characteristic or function being checked (refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

6.2 Monitoring and alarm systems for supply systems and main pipeline pressures

6.2.1.1 Master alarm panels Audible alarms and visual alarm indicators in place to monitor all supply systems

Visual inspection

6.2.1.5 Main pipeline alarm sensors Not isolated from the system or pipeline Visual inspection

6.2.2.1 Supply system alarms —general

Master alarm panel — presence of alarms to indicate that a secondary or reserve source is in use or that there is a malfunction in a mechanical supply system

Functional test

6.2.2.2 Supply system alarms for systems with a reserve

Master alarm panel — presence of alarms to indicate that the reserve has reached one-half of stored capacity or, in the case of a nitrous oxide reserve, that it has fallen below 2750 kPa (400 psi)

Functional test/ simulation

6.2.2.3 Supply system alarms — stationary liquid supply (bulk) system

Master alarm panel — presence of alarms to indicate low liquid levels or abnormal head pressures in the primary or reserve vessels

Functional test/ simulation

6.2.2.4 Supply system alarms — mechanical supply systems (pressure or vacuum)

Master alarm panel — presence of alarms to indicate that(a) pressure or vacuum is at a level where

all compressors or vacuum pumps are in operation;

(b) there is low water supply pressure in the compressor or vacuum pump that requires water; or

(c) there is an electrical or mechanical failure or malfunction

Visual inspection and functional tests (lag condition)

(Continued)

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 101

Table C.2 (Continued)

Clause reference

System component or element

Characteristic or function being checked (refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

6.2 Monitoring and alarm systems for supply systems and main pipeline pressures (continued)

6.2.2.5 Supply system alarms — mechanical supply systems (pressure or vacuum)

Lag and failure alarms lock on, require manual resetting, and continue to visually indicate the alarm condition until the situation is rectified

Visual inspection and functional tests

6.2.2.6 Supply system alarms — mechanical supply systems (pressure or vacuum)

Master alarm panel — presence of alarms to indicate high water content (dew point) and high discharge temperature (in all but water-sealed compressors)

Functional test/ simulation

6.2.2.7 Supply system alarms — water-sealed rotary compressors

Master alarm panel — presence of alarms to indicate water in receiver or receiver flooded/shutdown

Functional test/ simulation

6.2.2.8 Supply system alarms — desiccant dryers

Master alarm panel — presence of alarm for switching failure

Functional test/ simulation

6.2.3.1 Master alarm panels Presence of alarms for high and low pipeline pressures

Visual inspection

6.2.3.2 Pipeline pressure alarms for medical gases

High- and low-pressure alarms operate when pressure varies by more than 20% above or below nominal

Functional test

6.2.3.3 Low vacuum alarms Low vacuum alarm operates when vacuum reading is 60 kPa absolute or higher (12 in Hg or lower)

Functional test

6.2.4.1.1 Master alarm panels Presence of visual “power on” indicator for each module and auditory and visual signals; initiates an alarm on an open or faulty circuit

Visual inspection; simulation/ functional test in consultation with electrician

6.2.4.1.2 Master alarm panels Means available for routine testing Visual inspection

6.2.4.1.3 Master alarm panels On dedicated breakers; connected to emergency electrical system; failure of one does not affect others

Visual inspection; test of failure function per manufacturer’s instructions and in consultation with electrician

6.2.4.1.4 Master alarm panels Independent of other alarm systems Verify with electrician or health care facility engineering staff

(Continued)

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

102 August 2009

C.5 Contaminant test for air supplied by air compressor systems

C.5.1 New air compressor systems shall be conditioned to eliminate odour in the produced air prior to being commissioned and tested. The compressor shall be operated until there is no detectable odour in the discharged air. The air produced by the compressor should be diverted from the system upstream of the dryers (and the receivers, if possible) and vented to waste, preferably outside the facility.Note: New compressors often produce odours that should be eliminated before the compressor is connected to equipment downstream so that the equipment does not become contaminated with odour-causing materials.

Table C.2 (Concluded)

Clause reference

System component or element

Characteristic or function being checked (refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

6.2 Monitoring and alarm systems for supply systems and main pipeline pressures (continued)

6.2.4.2.1 Auditory signals for master alarm panels

Sound level 90 dBA at 2 m (6.5 ft) Inspect manufacturer’s specifications

6.2.4.2.2 Auditory signals for master alarm panels

Requires manual silencing; silencing of one does not disable others

Functional tests of supply systems

6.2.4.2.3 Auditory signals for master alarm panels

Means for prolonged silencing only accessible to technical staff

Visual inspection

6.2.4.3.1 Visual signals for master alarm panels

Visual indicators are marked with function Visual inspection and functional test (ensure signals are connected to correct function)

6.2.4.3.2 Visual signals for master alarm panels

Normal indicated with green, abnormal indicated with red

Visual inspection

6.2.4.3.4 Visual signals for master alarm panels

Automatically clear and revert to green once an alarm condition has been corrected

Visual inspection and functional test

6.2.4.3.5 Visual signals for master alarm panels

Displays can be turned off or covered with a label

Visual inspection

6.2.4.4.1 Pressure gauges and indicators for master alarm panels

Marked to identify the gas service; show deviation from nominal range

Visual inspection and functional test

6.2.4.4.2 Pressure gauges (if present) and indicators for master alarm panels

Meet visibility criteria Inspect manufacturer’s documentation

6.2.4.5.1 Master alarm panels Located in area of continuous responsible surveillance

Visual inspection

6.2.4.5.2 Master alarm panels Audible and visible in area or room where located

Visual inspection and audible test

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 103

C.5.2 Before the medical air pipeline distribution system is filled, the air supplied by air compressor systems shall be assessed for odour. If there is odour, corrective measures shall be taken until the odour is eliminated. The discharge air shall then be tested for contaminants in accordance with Table D.4. Samples shall be collected from a sample point downstream of the dryers and upstream of the supply shut-off valve (see Clause D.6.4).

C.5.3 If analysis of the sample from the medical air compressor system determines that contaminants are present at levels in excess of those allowed in Table D.4, with the exception of the dew point requirement of Clause 5.6.3.7.1, then the health care facility administration shall be informed. Based on this information, the health care facility shall decide whether to allow the introduction of medical air into the pipeline system.Note: To meet the requirements of this Standard, it can be necessary to install additional purification systems to condition the air.

C.5.4 If analysis of the sample from the instrument air compressor system determines that contaminants are present at levels in excess of those allowed in Table D.4, with the exception of the dew point requirement of Clause 5.9.3.5.1, then the health care facility administration shall be informed. Based on this information, the health care facility shall decide whether to allow the introduction of medical air into the pipeline system.Note: To meet the requirements of this Standard, it might be necessary to install additional purification systems to condition the air.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

104 August 2009

Annex D (normative)Inspection of pipelines, valves, and local emergency alarms

Note: This Annex is a normative (mandatory) part of this Standard.

D.1 General

D.1.1 On successful completion of the cross-connection tests using either Method 1 from Clause B.3.2 or Method 2 from Clause B.3.3, each pipeline distribution system for compressed gases shall be filled and emptied with its specific gas a sufficient number of times to displace the test gas. Each terminal unit shall be opened in turn to ensure that no sections of pipeline remain filled with test gas.

This process shall be performed with the accredited testing agency on-site.

D.1.2 After completion of the purging of the pipeline distribution system in accordance with Clause B.2.3 and after the pipeline is filled with its specific gas, the tests and procedures in Clauses D.2 to D.6 shall be performed by an accredited testing agency before the system is used. The installer shall make the working as-built drawings available to the accredited testing agency at the time of the inspection for the inspection to proceed. Copies of the drawings shall be available to the owner.Note: In Canada, accreditation is done by Standards Council of Canada.

D.2 Inspection of outlets, junction points, and valves

D.2.1 The inspection shall confirm that each outlet of a pipeline distribution system is either a terminal unit that is brazed to the pipeline with no flexible hose intervening or a medical supply unit junction point (see Clause 7.6.1).

D.2.2 The inspection shall confirm that each junction point for a medical supply unit is either permanently connected to the medical supply unit (e.g., by brazing or welding) or fitted with a gas-specific DISS connector (see Clause 7.6.2).

D.2.3 Each supply system shall be checked for the presence of a shut-off valve as specified in Clause 8.1.3.

D.2.4 Each supply system located outside the facility shall be checked for the presence of a service isolation valve in conformance with Clause 8.1.4.

D.2.5 Pipelines and service isolation valves shall be checked for compliance with the Clause 8.2 requirements referenced in Table D.1. Non-conformances shall be reported to the health care facility, which shall then decide if the non-conformance requires correction before the system is used.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 105

Table D.1Testing protocols for Clause 8.2 requirements

(See Clause D.2.5.)

D.2.6 All zone valves shall be checked for correct identification and operation. It shall be demonstrated that they control only those terminal units intended by the design.

D.2.7 Zone valves shall be checked for compliance with the Clause 8 requirements referenced in Table D.2.

If the accredited testing agency finds that any part of the medical gas pipeline system does not conform to the requirements in Clause 8.3.3, 8.3.7 to 8.3.9, 8.3.10, 8.3.11, or 10.4 (see Column A in Table D.2), the agency shall notify the health care facility, which shall then decide if the non-conformance requires correction before the system is used.

If the accredited testing agency finds that any part of the medical gas pipeline system does not conform to the requirements in Clauses 8.3.1 to 8.3.4, 8.3.6, 8.3.12, or 8.3.13 (see Column B in Table D.2), the system shall not be used until the non-conformance is corrected.

Clause reference System component

Inspection only — inform facility of any non-conformances

Characteristic or function being checked (refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

8.2.1 Service isolation valves Presence of service isolation valve (SIV), not accessible to unauthorized persons, on each branch of the pipeline distribution system

Visual inspection

8.2.2 Service isolation valves Presence of at least one SIV separating the pipeline distribution system from any zone valve; first SIV upstream of a zone valve is on the same floor as the zone valve

Visual inspection

8.2.3 Branches Branches from a main or a riser on the floor they are intended to serve; no branch pipeline from a main line or riser having a branch to another floor installed in series

Visual inspection

8.2.4 Service isolation valves Handles can be secured in open or closed position; if system is operational, all shut-off valves except zone valves are secured in the open position

Visual inspection

8.2.5 Service isolation valves Identified with service name and colour, indication of area or section they serve, indication whether normally open or closed

Visual inspection

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

106 August 2009

Table D.2Testing protocols for Clause 8.3 requirements

(See Clause D.2.7.)

Clause reference

System component

Column AInspection only — inform facility of any deviations

Column BConformance testing requirement

Characteristic or function being checked (refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

Characteristic or function being checked (refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

8.3 Zone valves

8.3.1 Zone valves — control requirements

Zone valves control all terminal units in a specific zone; presence of a zone valve between terminal unit(s) and service isolation valve

Visual inspection

8.3.2 Zone valves —control requirements

On the same floor as the terminal units they control; not installed in series

Visual inspection

8.3.3 Zone valves Located in each gas pipeline serving a special care area and in each gas pipeline serving an independently defined area or group of rooms

Visual inspection

8.3.4 Zone valves —location

Located outside each anaesthetizing location

Visual inspection

8.3.6 Zone valves —location

Not hidden or obstructed

Visual inspection

8.3.7 Zone valves Not linearly closer than 2 m (6.5 ft) to any terminal unit

Visual inspection — test with 2 m (6.5 ft) line

8.3.8 Zone valves Meet accessibility and other requirements

Visual inspection

8.3.9 Zone valves Be enclosed in service boxes; meet stated access and cover requirements

Visual inspection

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 107

D.3 Detailed inspection of local emergency alarm systemsLocal emergency alarm systems shall be tested for conformity with the Clause 6.3 requirements referenced in Table D.3. If the accredited testing agency finds that any part of the local emergency alarm system does not conform to the referenced requirements, the part of the medical gas pipeline system served by that alarm system shall not be used until the non-conformance is corrected.

Local emergency alarm systems shall be inspected and tested for compliance with Table D.3.

Table D.2 (Concluded)

Clause reference

System component

Column AInspection only — inform facility of any deviations

Column BConformance testing requirement

Characteristic or function being checked (refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

Characteristic or function being checked (refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

8.3 Zone valves (continued)

8.3.10; 10.4

Zone valves Service box meets access and labelling requirements

Visual inspection

8.3.11 Zone valves Valve handle in the “off” position prevents closing of service box

Visual inspection

8.3.12 Zone valves — service boxes

Size and internal arrangement of service boxes

Visual inspection

8.3.13 Zone valves — service boxes and local area alarms

Service box is within or in view of the control location, or the local area alarm is within the control location

Visual inspection

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

108 August 2009

Table D.3Testing protocols for Clause 6.3 requirements

(See Clause D.3.)

Clause reference System component

Characteristic or function being checked (refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

6.3.1.1 Local emergency alarm systems

Monitor and continuously display pressure of each gas or vacuum service

Visual inspection and functional test

6.3.1.2 Local emergency alarm systems

Sensors are actuated and the panel indicates an alarm when(a) the pressure in a compressed gas pipeline

varies by ± 20% of nominal pipeline pressure; or

(b) the pressure reading for a vacuum pipeline is less than 60 kPa absolute to the pipeline (12 in Hg)

Functional test

6.3.1.3 Local emergency alarm systems

Sensors are connected to the pipeline with DISS fittings with no manual valve between the sensor and the pipeline; the system is connected to the emergency electrical power system and is on a dedicated circuit breaker

Visual inspections, examination of plans and documentation, functional tests, and consultation with installers or electricians

6.3.1.4 Local emergency alarm systems

If remote extension, failure in extension will not affect base system

Simulate failure condition

6.3.1.5 Local emergency alarm panels

If remote sensors, permanently marked with location of each sensor

Visual inspection of sensor location and markings

6.3.1.7 Local emergency alarm systems

Sensors and panels operate independently of all other alarm systems

Observe alarm function and verify with electrician or health care facility engineering staff

6.3.2.1.1 Local emergency alarm panels

Located in area of responsible surveillance and are clearly audible and visible throughout the area of control; identified for gas and condition(s) being monitored and area of coverage

Visual inspection

6.3.2.1.2 Local emergency alarm panels

Has a visual “power on” indicator for each module, is equipped with auditory and visual signals, and initiates an alarm on an open or faulty circuit

Visual inspection and functional test; verify with electricians

6.3.2.1.3 Local emergency alarm panels

Means available for routine testing Visual inspection

6.3.2.2.1 Auditory signals Sound level 90 dBA at 2 m (6.5 ft) Inspect manufacturer’s specifications

6.3.2.2.2 Auditory signals Requires manual silencing; silencing of one does not disable others

Functional test

(Continued)

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 109

D.4 Visual test for particulate contamination of the pipelinesAll pipelines for compressed medical gases shall be tested for particulate contamination. The test shall be carried out using the device described in Note (2) to Figure D.1 at a flow of 120 L/min (4 SCFM) for at least 15 s.

The filter shall be visually free from particulate matter when viewed in good light. At least one terminal unit for each compressed gas in each zone shall be tested.Note: It is sometimes necessary to repeat purging to meet this requirement.

D.5 Test for gas identity/cross-connection

D.5.1 On successful completion of the cross-connection tests using either Method 1 from Clause B.3.2 or Method 2 from Clause B.3.3, each pipeline distribution system for compressed gases shall be filled and emptied with its specific gas a sufficient number of times to displace the test gas. Each terminal unit shall be opened in turn to ensure that no sections of pipeline remain filled with test gas.

This process shall be performed with the accredited testing agency on-site.

D.5.2 The outflow from each gas terminal unit shall be tested using an appropriate gas analyzer to confirm the presence of the desired gas. The nominal gas concentration shall be measured and recorded and shall conform to the following:(a) oxygen, 99%, except as provided in Clause D.5.3;(b) medical air, 21% oxygen;(c) nitrous oxide, 99%;(d) nitrogen, 99%;(e) instrument air, 21% oxygen;

Table D.3 (Concluded)

Clause reference System component

Characteristic or function being checked (refer to clause for complete requirement) Test

6.3.2.2.3 Auditory signals Means for prolonged silencing only accessible to technical staff

Visual inspection

6.3.2.3.1 Visual signals Visual indicators are marked with function Visual inspection

6.3.2.3.2 Visual signals Normal conditions indicated with green and abnormal conditions with red

Visual inspection

6.3.2.3.4 Visual signals Do not require a manual reset Visual inspection

6.3.2.3.5 Visual signals Displays can be turned off or covered with a label

Visual inspection

6.3.2.4.1 Pressure gauges and indicators in alarm panels

Marked to identify the gas service and show deviation from nominal range

Visual inspection and functional test

6.3.2.4.2 Pressure gauges and indicators in local emergency alarm panels

Meet visibility criteria Inspection of manufacturer’s documentation

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

110 August 2009

(f) carbon dioxide 99%; and(g) for a gas mixture other than medical air or instrument air, the concentration of each principal

component in the mixture as stated by the vendor of the gas mixture.

D.5.3 In systems supplied by a central oxygen concentrator supply, the gas concentration shall be at least equal to that specified for the supply system and shall not be less than 93%.

D.5.4 The outflow from each gas terminal unit shall be observed to confirm the absence of visible moisture (i.e., droplets or mist).

D.6 Check of terminal units

D.6.1 IdentificationEach terminal unit shall be checked for correct identification and labelling in accordance with CAN/CSA-Z9170-1.

D.6.2 LocationTerminal units shall be checked for compliance with the installation requirements specified in Clause 11.2.6.

D.6.3 Mechanical function and gas specificity

D.6.3.1The tests specified in Clauses D.6.3.2 and D.6.3.3 shall be performed on each terminal unit after it is fully assembled with its fascia plate.

D.6.3.2It shall be demonstrated that, for each terminal unit,(a) the appropriate gas-specific probe can be inserted, captured, and released;(b) gas is released when the correct probe is inserted and captured;(c) the anti-swivel device (if provided) keeps the probe in the correct orientation;(d) no other type of probe used in the same health care facility can be captured; and(e) no gas is released when any other type of probe used in the same health care facility is inserted.

D.6.3.3It shall be demonstrated that, for each DISS connector,(a) the nipple for the specified gas can be inserted into the body and secured by the nut; and(b) no nipple for another gas can be inserted and secured.

D.6.4 Test for contaminants from pipelines

D.6.4.1 GeneralA sample collected using the method given in Clause D.6.4.2 shall meet the requirements of Table D.4. This sample shall be collected by the accredited testing agency or its designate, using sample collection techniques and sample cylinders that have been validated by an accredited laboratory.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 111

D.6.4.2 MethodThe method of test shall be as follows:(a) The sample required for the analysis of contaminants, potentially contributed by each of the new

medical gas pipelines, shall be obtained from a terminal unit of the piping system. This terminal location ensures that the gas has traversed the maximum length of the pipeline being tested.Note: For information on the collection of gas samples, qualifications of analytical laboratories, and analytical methodologies, see CAN/CSA-Z180.1.

(b) The sample shall be analyzed by a laboratory that has been accredited for the testing of compressed breathing air and systems in accordance with the requirements of CAN/CSA-Z180.1 and the additional requirements of Table D.4. In other jurisdictions, this testing shall be performed by a laboratory whose accreditation includes the parameters in Table D.4 and is accredited for these parameters in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025.Note: In Canada, laboratories that conduct testing of compressed breathing air and systems are accredited by the Standards Council of Canada.

D.6.4.3 Test for particulatesThe gas samples for quantitative particulate determination shall be withdrawn from the terminal unit at a flow rate of not less than 50 L/min (1.8 SCFM). A minimum of 1000 L (35 ft3) of gas shall be sampled.

D.6.4.4 Certification*Where contaminants exceed the levels allowed by Table D.4, the system shall not be used until the non-conformance is investigated and the cause is remedied. Following corrective measures, the system shall be retested in accordance with the requirements of this Standard.

D.6.5 Minimum flow requirements of installed terminal units

D.6.5.1 Flow resistance

D.6.5.1.1Each terminal unit shall be tested for flow resistance using the method specified in Clause D.6.5.2.

D.6.5.1.2The pressure drop across the installed terminal unit and its inlet connector (corrected, if necessary, for a pressure drop across the pipeline distribution system) shall not exceed 30 kPa (4.2 psi) for compressed gases, except for nitrogen, which shall not exceed 70 kPa (10 psi). The pressure drop for vacuum shall not exceed 13 kPa (3.8 in Hg).Note: The distribution pressure in a vacuum system will vary when pumps are operating. Measurement for this test should be taken when the pumps are not operating (i.e., when measured static pressures are decreasing).

D.6.5.1.3The pressure drop across the pipeline distribution system, excluding the terminal unit and its inlet connector, shall not exceed 35 kPa (5.1 psi) for compressed gases, except for nitrogen, which shall not exceed 85 kPa (12.3 psi). The pressure drop for vacuum shall not exceed 17 kPa (5.0 in Hg).Notes: (1) In cases where values observed for pressure drop are high (i.e., older designs with pressure losses of 84 kPa (12 psi) or

more in properly functioning units), the user should ensure that the performance of high flow demand equipment is not affected.

(2) The health care facility should consider some marking or identification for any terminal unit where, according to Clauses D.6.5.1.2 and D.6.5.1.3, the design pressure losses are high (e.g., “Low flow capacity. Not suitable for flow requirements in excess of 25 L/min”).

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

112 August 2009

D.6.5.1.4The combined pressure drop across the installed terminal unit and the pipeline distribution system shall not exceed 65 kPa (9.4 psi) for compressed gases, except for nitrogen, which shall not exceed 155 kPa (22.5 psi). The pressure drop for vacuum shall not exceed 30 kPa (8.9 in Hg).

D.6.5.1.5Any terminal unit exhibiting a pressure drop 25% greater than the average pressure drop of terminal units in the immediate vicinity, piped in a similar fashion, shall be investigated and repaired or replaced.Note: The pressure drop test is a diagnostic tool to prevent potential failure of terminal units. A pressure drop 25% higher than average indicates there is an obstruction or defect that could lead to failure of the terminal unit.

D.6.5.2 Procedure to determine flow characteristics of terminal units

D.6.5.2.1The test apparatus shall be assembled as shown in Figure D.1 and calibrated.

D.6.5.2.2The test apparatus shall be attached to the terminal unit being tested using the appropriate gas-specific connector. For DISS type terminal units, the test apparatus shall be installed finger-tight.

D.6.5.2.3The local dynamic pressure shall be evaluated using the following procedure:(a) Insert the test gauge, open the valve to the terminal unit, and measure the static pressure in the

pipeline, Pstat.(b) Open the valve to the orifice to start gas flow, allow the pressure to stabilize, and measure the

dynamic pressure, Pdyn.The pressure drop shall be determined across the terminal unit, Pflow , where Pflow = Pstat – Pdyn, and

compared to the value given in Clause D.6.5.1.2 for new terminal units.

D.6.5.2.4If Pflow is equal to or less than the value given in Clause D.6.5.1.2 and no terminal unit exhibits a pressure drop greater than 25% of the average, the terminal units shall be judged acceptable.

D.6.5.2.5If Pflow exceeds the value given in Clause D.6.5.1.2, the pipeline pressure shall be measured or estimated and subtracted from the terminal unit pressure drop. If the corrected Pflow still exceeds the value given in Clause D.6.5.1.2 or exceeds 25% of the average pressure drop, the terminal unit shall be investigated and either repaired or replaced.Note: Typical pressure drop values are as follows:(a) latch-style terminal unit: 14 to 17.5 kPa (2 to 2.5 psi);(b) cartridge-style terminal unit: 21 to 24.5 kPa (3 to 3.5 psi);(c) copper pipeline: 7.5 to 14 kPa (0.5 to 2 psi) (depending on diameter and length of piping); and(d) medical supply unit hose assembly: 14 to 35 kPa (2 to 5 psi).

D.6.5.3 Additional testing

D.6.5.3.1Additional testing on terminal units that do not meet the requirements of Clause D.6.5.2.4 or D.6.5.2.5 (as applicable) shall be carried out as specified in Clauses D.6.5.3.2 to D.6.5.3.4.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 113

D.6.5.3.2Using the test method specified in Clause D.6.5.2, the pressure drop shall be measured within the supply and/or pipeline distribution systems, Ppipe.Note: At least two terminal units in each zone of the pipeline should be tested to obtain an average value for Ppipe.

D.6.5.3.3Where Pflow – Ppipe is equal to or less than the value given in Clause D.6.5.1.2 for new terminal units or in Clause D.6.5.1.3 for terminal units that have been in service, the terminal unit shall be judged acceptable.

D.6.5.3.4Where Pflow – Ppipe exceeds the value given in Clause D.6.5.1.2 or in D.6.5.1.3, as applicable, the terminal unit shall be serviced according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

D.6.5.3.5If Ppipe is greater than 35 kPa (5 psi) for compressed gases or 14 kPa (4.0 in Hg) for vacuum, the pipeline supply is suspect and should be evaluated by qualified personnel.Notes: (1) This situation can arise in supply systems with defective line pressure regulators, small manifolds, or compressed

liquefied gases and in pipelines with terminal units.(2) The terminal unit pressure drop allowed by this Standard is 30 kPa (4 psi). The pipeline pressure drop allowed by this

Standard is 35 kPa (5 psi). If the total pressure drop is greater than or equal to 65 kPa (9 psi), an investigation should be performed.

D.6.5.4 Performance verificationThe tests described in Clause D.6.5.2 (and Clause D.6.5.3, if necessary) shall be repeated on selected terminal units using the second line pressure regulator of the supply system of the pipeline under test.Notes: (1) At the same time, changes in pressure on gauges attached to the line pressure regulators and on local emergency

alarm panels should be observed.(2) Substantial differences in measured static and/or dynamic pressures between the calibrated test gauges and gauges on

the supply system and the pipeline distribution system should be investigated and corrected.If there is a difference in performance at the terminal units, in particular in the determination of Ppipe,

the cause(s) shall be investigated and corrected, and the tests described in Clause D.6.5.2 (and Clause D.6.5.3, if necessary) shall be repeated.

D.6.6 LabelsWhen all tests have been completed satisfactorily, all testing notices that were affixed to terminal units, as required by Clause 12.1.3, shall be removed.

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

114 August 2009

Table D.4*Major and minor component composition requirements indicating

no contamination from medical gas pipeline system(See Clauses 5.6.3.7.1, 5.6.3.7.6, 5.9.3.5.6, 15.2.1.3, A.D.6.4.4, C.5.2, C.5.3,

C.5.4, D.6.4.1, D.6.4.2, and D.6.4.4.)

Major component Acceptable concentration Concentration reference

Carbon dioxide ≥ 99.0% Formulary

Helium ≥ 99.0% Formulary

Instrument air 19.5–23.5%/76.5–80.5%

Medical air (oxygen/nitrogen) 19.5–23.5%/76.5–80.5% Formulary

Nitrogen ≥ 99.0% Formulary

Nitrous oxide ≥ 99.0% Formulary

Oxygen ≥ 99.0% Formulary

Mixed gases As specified by the health care facility formulary

As specified by the health care facility formulary

Minor component† Acceptable concentration Concentration reference

Carbon dioxide ≤ 500 mL/m3 (ppm) 1/10 TLV 2008

Carbon monoxide ≤ 5 mL/m3 (ppm) CAN/CSA-Z180.1

Dew point –45 °C at 101.3 kPa (ATM) To prevent condensation at system highest pressure lowest temperature.

Methane ≤ 100 mL/m3 (ppm) 1/10 TLV 2008

Nitrous oxide ≤ 5 mL/m3 (ppm) 1/10 TLV 2008

Total halogenated hydrocarbons†† ≤ 1 mL/m3 (ppm) 1/10 TLV as chloroform 2008

Total non-methane hydrocarbons†† ≤ 10 mL/m3 (ppm) 1/10 TLV as xylene 2008

Oil mist, mineral ≤ 0.5 mg/m3 (ppm) 1/10 TLV 2008

Particulate matter ≤ 0.3 mg/m3 (ppm) 1/10 TLV 2008

Odour No pronounced odour CAN/CSA-Z180.1

†Minor component concentrations do not apply to major components††Individual components above 1 mL/m3 shall be identified by the laboratory.

Analyses shall be performed by a laboratory accredited for the specified scope of analyses. Analysis accuracy shall not be less than ± 10% of the allowable concentration specified above.

Samples that fail to meet the limits for the minor components listed above shall initiate an investigation of the pipeline and source to see where the variation occurs.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 115

Notes: (1) Valves should be attached to the test apparatus between A and B and between B and F (or E) to control the flow of gas.

This protects the Bourdon tubes in gauges.(2) A 0.3 µm particulate filter may also be added to the apparatus to detect particulate contamination in accordance with

Clauses B.2.3 and D.4. Filter loading can affect the flow reading if the device is used for flow testing with the filter in place.

Figure D.1Typical apparatus for measuring flow resistance

(See Clauses D.4 and D.6.5.2.1.)

Legend:A = 6.6 mm (1/4 in nominal size) NPT pipe capB = 6.6 mm (1/4 in nominal size) NPT teeC = 0 to 690 kPa (0 to 100 psi) pressure gauge for compressed gases (0 to 101 kPa [0 to 30 in Hg)] vacuum gauge for vacuum) with a resolution accuracy of at least ± 7 kPa (± 1 psi) for compressed gases and ± 2 kPa (± 0.6 in Hg) for vacuumD = 1.98 mm (5/64 in) calibrated orificeE = optional extension, minimum recommended diameter is 6 mm (1/4 in)F = manufacturer’s gas-specific connectorG = terminal unit

C

B

A

D

E FG

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

116 August 2009

Annex E (informative)Pipe size charts

Note: This Annex is an informative (non-mandatory) part of this Standard.

E.1Figures E.1 to E.7 indicate pipe sizes considered adequate for various flow, specific pressure, and pressure drop conditions.

E.2The suggested pipe sizing charts are based on (a) a 14 kPa (2 psi) drop for oxygen, nitrous oxide, medical air, and carbon dioxide; (b) a 7 kPa (2 in Hg) drop for medical vacuum; and (c) a 35 kPa (5 psi) and 69 kPa (10 psi) drop for nitrogen.These ratings were chosen to ensure that there is capacity in the pipe sizing for future modifications. Greater pressure drops may be permitted, but the user is referred to the maximum pressure drop allowed by Table 4.

E.3If the pressure drops through valves and fittings are not computed, the actual length of the longest run should be increased by 20 to 30%, depending on the number of valves and fittings.

E.4Other factors that can affect the predicted performance of the piping system should also be considered.

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 117

Figure E.1Pipe size chart for air and oxygen based on a 345 kPa (50 psi)

nominal and a 14 kPa (2 psi) drop(See Clause E.1.)

50 mm (2 in)

40 mm (1-1/2 in)

30 mm (1-1/4 in)

25 mm (1 in)

20 mm (3/4 in)

12 mm (1/2 in)

Equivalent length of longest pipe run

Flow, ft3/min

Flow, L/min

1400

2800

1600

1200

1000

200

400

600

800

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

0

600300

200 400 600 800 1400 1800 2200 2600

900

3000 3400

200

100

600

300

400

500

700

800

900

1100

1200

1300

1400

ft

m

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

118 August 2009

Figure E.2Pipe size chart for air and oxygen based on a 345 kPa (50 psi)

nominal and a 14 kPa (2 psi) drop(See Clause E.1.)

1100ftm1000

3000900800700

2000600500400

1000300

Equivalent length of longest pipe run

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10 000

Flow,L/min

0

2500

5000

7500

10 000

12 500

15 000

17 500

20 000

Flow,ft3/min

75 mm (3 in)

50 mm (2 in)

40 mm (1-1/2 in)

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 119

Figure E.3Pipe size chart for carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide based on

a 345 kPa (50 psi) nominal and a 14 kPa (2 psi) drop(See Clause E.1.)

1500

100

800

200

300

400

500

600

700

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

ftm

1500450

500150

1000300

Equivalent length of longest pipe run

700

400

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

450

500

550

600

650

30 mm (1-1/4 in)

25 mm (1 in)

20 mm (3/4 in)

12 mm (1/2 in)

Flow, ft3/min

Flow, L/min

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

120 August 2009

Figure E.4Pipe size chart for vacuum based on 50 kPa (15 in Hg)

vacuum with a 7 kPa (2 in Hg) drop(See Clause E.1.)

600

75 mm (3 in)

ftm

500150

100

200

300

400

500

65 mm (2-1/2 in)

50 mm (2 in)

See Figure E.5

10 000

17 000

11 000

12 000

9000

1000

2000

3000

16 000

15 000

14 000

13 000

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000

1500450

1000300

100 mm (4 in)

125 mm (5 in)

150 mm (6 in)

Equivalent length of longest pipe run

Flow, ft3/min

Flow, L/min

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 121

Figure E.5Pipe size chart for vacuum based on 50 kPa (15 in Hg)

vacuum with a 7 kPa (2 in Hg) drop(See Clause E.1 and Figure E.4.)

3000

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

500150

200 60

100 30

ftm

300 90

400120

120

25 mm (1 in)

40 mm (1-1/2 in)

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

30 mm (1-1/4 in)

20 mm (3/4 in)

75 mm (3 in)

65 mm (2-1/2 in)

50 mm (2 in)

Equivalent length of longest pipe run

Flow, ft3/min

Flow, L/min

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

122 August 2009

Figure E.6Pipe size chart for nitrogen based on a 1100 kPa (160 psi)

nominal and a 35 kPa (5 psi) drop(See Clause E.1.)

Flow,L/min

Flow,ft3/min

Equivalent length of longest pipe run

6000

5000

3000

ftm

1000

2000

4000

100030020075 25050250

1000

5000

7500

10 000

12 500

2000

100500150

25 mm (1 in)

20 mm (3/4 in)

12 mm (1/2 in)

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 123

Figure E.7Pipe size chart for nitrogen based on an 1100 kPa (160 psi)

nominal and a 69 kPa (10 psi) drop(See Clause E.1.)

1000

6000

2000

3000

4000

5000

8000

Flow,L/min

Flow,ft3/min

7000

5002500

5000

7500

10 000

12 500

15 000

0

50 100500150 200 250

1000300

ftm

Equivalent length of longest pipe run

25 mm (1 in)

20 mm (3/4 in)

12 mm (1/2 in)

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

124 August 2009

Annex F (informative)Suggested terminal unit distribution chart

Note: This informative (non-mandatory) Annex has been written in normative (mandatory) language to facilitate adoption where users of the Standard or regulatory authorities wish to adopt it formally as additional requirements to this Standard.

Table F.1Suggested terminal unit distribution chart

Area OxygenNitrous oxide

Medical air

Medical vacuum Nitrogen

Carbon dioxide

Anaesthesia storage — — — — — —

Anaesthetic workroom 1 1 1 1 1* 1*

Animal rooms† — — — — — —

Autopsy/morgue• Autopsy• Morgue

——

——

——

1—

1‡—

——

Caesarean delivery area 2 per bed 1 per bed 1 per bed 2 per bed — —

Cardiac function laboratory• Cardiac catheterization 1 per bed 1 1 1 per bed — —

Central sterile supply• Clean workroom 1 — — — — —

Clinic areas• Ambulatory care clinic 1 per bed — 1 per bed 1 per bed — —• Chest clinic 1 per bed 1 per bed 1 per bed 1 per bed — —• Family practice 1 per bed 1 per bed 1 per bed 1 per bed — —• Gastroenterology 1 per bed 1 per bed 1 per bed 1 per bed — —• Paediatrics 1 per bed 1 per bed 1 per bed 1 per bed — —

Corridors• Patient care areas — — — — —

Critical care areas• Burn unit 3 per bed — 2 per bed 3 per bed — —• Coronary care unit 2 per bed — 1 per bed 3 per bed — —• Critical/intensive care unit 3 per bed — 2 per bed 3 per bed — —• Neonatal ICU, Level 2 nursery Minimum 2

per isolette— Minimum 2

per isoletteMinimum 2 per isolette

— —

Dental suite• Clinic• Minor procedures room

11**

1§1

1—

1—

1—

1—

Detoxification area — — — — — —

Dietary area — — — — — —

Diagnostic imaging suites• General (includes CT, MRI§§,

X-ray, ultrasound) 1 § 1 1 *** ***• Nuclear medicine 1 — 1 1 — —• Special procedures (angio) 1 1 1 1 *** ***

(Continued)

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© Canadian Standards AssociationMedical gas pipeline systems —

Part 1: Pipelines for medical gases and vacuum

August 2009 125

Table F.1 (Continued)

Area OxygenNitrous oxide

Medical air

Medical vacuum Nitrogen

Carbondioxide

Dialysis unit 1 per bed — 1 1 per bed — —

Doctors’ offices 1†† 1‡‡ 1†† 1†† — —

Emergency• Exam/treatment 1 per bed — 1 per bed 1 per bed — —• Fracture room, cast room 1 per bed — 1 per bed 1 per bed — —• General 1 per bed — 1 per bed 1 per bed — —• Resuscitation, major

assessment 2 per bed — 2 per bed 3 per bed — —• Trauma room, life support 1 per bed — 3 per bed 3 per bed — —

Examination/treatment 1 — *** 1 — —• Respiratory therapy 1 1 1 1 * *

Medication room — — — 1 — —

Isolation rooms• Airborne infection isolation

room— *** 1 — —

• Protective environment room 1 — *** 1 — —

Janitor’s closet — — — — — —

Laboratories† — — — — — —

Laundry — — — — — —

Nurseries 1 per bed — 1 per bed 1 per bed — —

Nursing stations — — — — — —

Labour and birthing room 1 per bed — — 1 per bed — —

Occupational therapy — — — — — —

Physical plant — — — — — —

Patient rooms• Class A• Class B

1 per bed1 per bed

——

******

1 per bed1 per bed

——

——

Pharmacy — — — 1 — —

Physical therapy departments• Hydrotherapy

——

——

——

—1

——

——

(Continued)

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Z7396.1-09 © Canadian Standards Association

126 August 2009

Table F.1 (Concluded)

Area OxygenNitrous oxide

Medical air

Medical vacuum Nitrogen

Carbondioxide

Surgery• Bronchoscopy• Cystoscopy• Endoscopy• Operating rooms• Pacemaker• Preparation/induction• Recovery room, PACU• Scrub room• Sterile corridors (at stretcher

holding location)• Substerilization room• Surgical day care

1112 per table11 per bed——1112 per table

1111 per table1——————1 per table

1112 per table11 per bed—————1 per table

2223 per table22 per bed—111—2 per table

———***————————

———***————————

Waiting rooms — — — — — —

Washrooms, toilet rooms — — — — — —

Waste areas — — — — — —

*Only if medical gas is used in the health care facility.†Animal rooms and laboratories shall not be connected to medical gas systems.‡Only if required for the driving of tools.§Only if required by the health care facility. Rooms in which nitrous oxide outlets are installed shall have scavenging outlets and HVAC shall conform to CAN/CSA-Z317.2.**Air-for-breathing outlets and medical vacuum outlets shall not be used for dental tool driving or patient saliva evacuation. These require dedicated dental air and vacuum systems.††Only if required by facility to be installed in doctors’ offices. Installation may be selective.‡‡Only if required by facility to be installed in doctors’ offices. Rooms in which nitrous oxide outlets are installed shall have scavenging outlets and HVAC shall conform to CAN/CSA-Z317.2.§§Outlets installed in MRI suites shall be MRI compatible.***Only if required by the facility.

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